Model Question Paper I

1. Which of the following is not a leadership style according to the ‘path-goala. Instrumental leadership b. Supportive leadershipc. Participative leadershipd. Authoritative leadership

2. A project manager in a software development company establishes reasonable

e. Upward legitimate powerf. Vertical legitimate powerg. Downward legitimate powerh. Horizontal legitimate power

3. A top executive takes a high risk when launching an advertising campaign which predicts 40% success, but the top executive when buying machinery decides not to take a risk. Which of the following best describes the position of the manager in both the situations

i. Risk averter-gamblerj. Gambler-speculatork. Gambler-risk averterl. Risk evader-gambler

4. Which one of the following is not an important reason for goal setting?m. Acts as a motivational forcen. Discourages focused worko. Emphasizes team-workp. Directs the activities of the organization

5. According to Vroom’s expectancy theory what would be the valence of an individual who is indifferent to the outcome

q. +1r. 0s. –1t. +0.5

6. A large manufacturing company producing multiple products found that large differences in the product or services lines make coordination within a functional design extremely slow and inefficient. In this situation, which of the following organizational structures is suitable for the company to solve this problem?

u. Territorial division structurev. Geographic division structurew. Product division structurex. Customer division structure

7. Which of the following functions of management involves filling and keeping filled positions in the organization structure

y. Planningz. Organizingaa. Staffingbb. Controlling

8. Which of the following media is not used for written downward communicationcc. Memorandumdd. Grapevineee. Handbooksff. Pamphlets

9. Company A’s top management is planning to introduce a new product in the market. Which information will not help the management take a decision

regarding the new product a. Demand for new productsb. Availability of substitutesc. Information describing customer satisfaction with substitutesd. Quantity of another product in the inventory

10. Styre Company is a tyre manufacturing company. Recently, to expand its operations. Therefore, the company wanted to take up a new venture. To take up a new venture, the company needs to review the current financial position of the organization. Which of the following shows the financial condition of a business at a given point of time?

gg. Balance sheethh. Income statementii. Cash flow statementjj. Funds flow statement

11. Which of the following branches of the classical viewpoint of management is based on the contributions of Max Weber

kk. Scientific managementll. Bureaucratic managementmm. Administrative managementnn. Behavioral management

12. Which of the following is not a motivational techniqueoo. Participationpp. Quality of work lifeqq. Job enrichmentrr. Job description

13. In Zahir Group of industries, there was low concern for people and also there was low concern for tasks and production. According to managerial grid, which type of management style is ‘Zahir Group’ following

ss. Impoverished management tt. Authority compliance managementuu. Middle of the road managementvv. Team management

14. Which theory paved way for ideas such as upward communication and the informal organization

ww. Theory Xxx. Systems theoryyy. Acceptance theory of authorityzz. General theory of management

15. Which type of planning provides the organization with well-equipped individuals who can be selected as managers for top-level and middle-level positions in future?

aaa. Replacement planning bbb. b. Succession planning ccc. Resource planningddd. Requirements planning

16. Who among the following proposed the concept of functional suthority? eee. Chris Argyris fff. Max Weberggg. F.w.Taylorhhh. Elton Mayo

17. Which of the following is not a potential resource weakness and competitive deficiency?

iii. No clarity in strategic directionjjj. Obsolete facilitieskkk. Strong brand name lll. High debt

18. Which of the following needs of Maslow’s needs hierarchy theory does not correspond with the hygiene factors of Herzberg’s two factor theory?

mmm. Physiological needsnnn. Esteem needsooo. Security or safety needsppp. Social needs

19. In the classical approach, who first introduced the concept of training workers for the benefit of both workers and the organization ?

qqq. HenryL. Ganttrrr. Frederick W. Taylorsss.Frederick W. Taylorttt. Max Weber

20. Which of the following is not a corrective control?uuu. Concurrent controlvvv. Feed forward control www. Feedback controlxxx. Yes-no control

21. Whose principles of management gave rise to the concept of team spirit among employees (known as ‘Espirit de corps)?

a. Henry L. Ganttb. Henri Fayolc. Max Weberd. Lillian B. Gilbreth

22. In process consultation, an organizational development change agent observes the group and provides feedback relating to dysfunctions in all the following area except:

a. Decision makingb. Conflict handlingc. Communication patternsd. Fund management

23. Which one among the following area for strategic goals identifies factors that indicate the financial well being of an organization?

a. Profit requirementsb. Productivityc. Financial resourcesd. Physical resources

24. Which of the following is not a competitive advantage or a strength for any company?a. Strong brand imageb. Product innovation skillsc. Cost advantaged. High debt

25. Which of the following terms refers to the time gap between placing and receiving an order?a. Reorder time b. Lead time c. Real timed. Just –I n- time

26. Which of the following types of manager is unlikely to delegate authority to his subordinates?

a. Docile b. Autocraticc. Passived. Submissive

27. Who outlined planning, organizing staffing, leading and controlling as functions of management

a. Frederick Winslow Taylorb. Henri Fayolc. Henry L. Ganttd. Max Weber

28. Which of the following is a disadvantage of the divisional structure of departmentalization?

a. Simplifies coordinationb. Focuses of resources c. Duplication of resources and activitiesd. Equips personnel with variety of skills.

29. Which of the following is not a form of group decision – making?a. Interacting groupsb. Delphi groupsc. Simulationd. Nominal groups

30. Which of the following is the origin of any motivated behavior?a. Need b. Drivesc. Goalsd. Wants

31. Which of the following is not a storage device?a. Floppy discsb. Bar – code readersc. Magnetic discsd. Laser – generated compact discs

31. Which of the following standards are nonmonetary measurements common at the operational level?a. Cost standardsb. Revenue standardsc. Program standardsd. Physical standards

32. Which of the following is an argument against involvement of businesses in social welfare activities?a. Balance of responsibility and powerb. Protecting shareholder interestsc. Excessive costsd. Favorable public image

33. Which of the following is not a liquidity ratioa. Acid test ratiob. Activity ratioc. Current ratiod. Working capital

34. What kind of plans do managers make on the basis of future expectations of political, legal, social, technological and economic environmentsa. Primary plansb. Secondary plansc. Contingency plansd. Situational plans

35. Which of the following managers are concerned with producing and managing the systems that create an organization’s products and services?a. Marketing b. Financialc. Operationsd. Human resource

36. Which of the following is a growth strategy that is concerned with the number of various business run by an organization and the degree to which these business are related to each othera. Simulationb. Synergyc. Diversificationd. Strategic alliance

37. Which type of technical innovation involves changes in the physical characteristics of a product or the creation of new productsa. managerial innovation

b. Radical innovationc. Process innovationd. Product innovation

38. Which of the following is an analytical approach and involves the evaluation of the various business units of an organization by its top managementa. Value based approachb. Corporate portfolio approachc. BCG matrixd. Business unit approach

39. Which managerial function involves the process of setting goals, and finding and deciding the best ways to achieve them?a. Planningb. Organizingc. Staffingd. Controlling

40. Which of the following is/are the reason(s) for not allowing line managers in certain situations to exercise functional authoritya. lack of specialized knowledgeb. Risk of policies being interpreted incorrectlyc. Lack of competence and expertise to supervise processesd. All the above

41 Which of the following is useful in interpreting an organization’s financial statements, assessing the organization’s current financial condition and determining its strengths and weaknessesa. Marginal analysisb. Financial analysisc. Ratio analysisd. Break-even analysis

42. Which of the following is synonymous with the external culture of an organization a. Corporate cultureb. Social culturec. Corporate philosophyd. Social programs

43. Which of the following is not a part of human resource planning a. Forcasting manpower demandb. Forecasting manpower supplyc. Performance appraisald. Hiring and training manpower

44. David and Mary are working in GB Industries David, a graduate earns $20,000, whereas, Mary a post graduate earns $25,000. David feels equitably rewarded even though he is earning $5000less than Mary. Which theory of motivation explains this process, where individuals compare themselves with others in terms of input and outputa. Expectancy theoryb. Two-factor theoryc. Equity theoryd. Path-goal theory

45. Which of the following is a normal process that may result in the decline of a systema. Entropyb. Synergyc. Simulationd. Extinction

46. What kind of plan facilitates the delegation of authoritya. Single-use planb. Contingency planc. Standing pland. None of the above

47. Which of the following steps of the change process involve discovering and adopting new attitudes, values and behaviorsa. Movingb. Refreezingc. Unfreezingd. Freezing

48. Which of the following describes the distribution of an organization’s resources over the areas in which it competes a. Resource deploymentb. Resource accumulationc. Resource gatheringd. Resource garnering

49. Which of the following is not used as a bases for departmentationa. Departmenattion by simple numbersb. Departmentation by timec. Departmentation by process or equipmentd. Departmentation by strategies

50. Which one of the following did not contribute to Pre-classical management thougha. Robert Owenb. Charles Babbagec. Henri Fayold. Henry R. Towne

51. Which of the following is not an area of managerial decision-making where liner programming can be useda. Product mix decisionsb. Inventory management problemsc. Scheduling production facilitiesd. Determining break-even point

53. Which of the following is not a method used in selecting prospective candidates under staffinga. Preliminary screening b. Exit interviewsc. Selection testd. Comprehensive interviews

54. Which of the following is not a responsibility of a Chief executive Office a. Advising the board on various aspectsb. Selecting and evaluating board membersc. Designing short- range operational

d. Acting as a link between employees55. Which of the following practices went on to become a major tool in quality

improvement programsa. Brainstormingb. Benchmarkingc. BCG matrixd. Bounded rationality

56. Which of the following refers to the ability of a corporation to relate its operations and policies to the social environment in ways that are mutually beneficial to the company and to sociala. Social responsibilityb. Organizational responsivenessc. Social responsivenessd. Social adaptability

57. Which of the following is not required to attain cost leadership a. Process engineering skillsb. Intense supervision labor Creative flairc. Creative flaird. Low-cost distribution system

58. Which of the following is an independent appraisal of an organization’s management by an outside firma. Certified accounting auditb. Certified management auditc. Enterprise self auditd. Control audit

59. Which of the following is not a transaction processing systema. Groupwareb. Merging contents of various filesc. Retrieving stored datad. Printing data

60. David Kirch, a palant manager, is looking for a site for a new plant. The first site met the basic requirements for utilities, transportation and price. He selected this site without further searching for a better location, though further search might have led to the identification of a better site. With reference to the administrative model of decision-making, which of the following terms best describes Krich’s decisiona. Bounded rationality b. Using incomplete informationc. Satisficingd. Using imperfect information

61. Which of the following includes factors like profitability, sales, and R&D and has a direct bearing on an organization’s well beinga. Planning premisesb. Key result areasc. Corporate objectivesd. Operations

62. Which of the following dimension of the task environment involves two or more companies working together in partnerships?a. Competitorsb. Strategic allies

c. Technocratsd. Quality circle

63. Which of the following is not a form of on – the – job training for managers? a. Planned progressionb. Job rotationc. Temporary promotionsd. Planned regression

64. What do managers do in the liaison role?a. Communicate with outsiders on behalf of the organizationb. Communicate with people outside and within the organization.c. Communicate organizational information to subordinatesd. Receive information about the organization.

65. Which of the following is not a variable in the strategy implementation phase of the strategic management process?a. Technologyb. Human resourcesc. Structured. Financial resources

66. Which of the following can be a basic for specifying standards of performance?a. Positional job analysisb. Job descriptionc. Functional job analysisd. Job performance

67. The quality manager of Tyris manufactures instructed the production manager of the company to reduce the number of defective products in the production process. Which kind of authority was the quality manager exercising in this case?a. Functional authorityb. Line functional authorityc. Ancroachment of line authority d. Both a and b

68. Which type of leaders gives complete freedom to their employees?a. Autocratic leadersb. Bureaucratic leadersc. Participative leadersd. Laissez- fair leaders

69. _________ are the funds accumulated from the profits of the organization.a. Accrued pensionb. Retained earningsc. Trade receivablesd. Bills receivables

70. A manufacturing company has grouped is main functions into marketing, engineering, production and finance. What kind of organizational structure has this company adopted?a. Functional structureb. Hybrid structurec. Divisional structured. Matrix structure

71. ‘Company S’ wants to configure the hardware and software in its existing system and also wishes to design the architecture for a new system. Whom should ‘Company S’ employ to carry out this task?a. Data – entry operators b. Data processing managersc. Programmersd. System analysts

72. Which of the following control principles suggest that managers should be informed about a problem only when the data shown a significant deviation from established standards?a. Management by walking aroundb. Management by objectivesc. Management by goalsd. Management by exception

73. In Vroom’s expectancy theory, what would be the valence of an individual who has a strong desire individual who has a strong desire for the outcome and an individual who wants to avoid the outcome ?a. Negative : positiveb. Positive : positivec. Positive : negatived. Negative : negative

74. Which one of the following management function helps maintain managerial effectiveness by establishing guidelines for future activities?a. Organizing b. Planning c. Staffing d. Leading

75. Which of the following occurs when a company that is headquatered in one country builds or starts operations in a foreign country?a. Partnershipsb. Direct investmentc. Joint ventured. Strategic alliance

76. Which of the following is a distinctive business or collection of related business that can be managed relatively independent of other business within the organization?A. Established marketb. Niche marketc. Target marketd. Potential market

77. Which of the following is a distinctive business or collection of related business that can be managed related business that can be managed relatively independent of other businesses within the organization ?a. Functional unitb. Departmental unitc. Organizational unitd. Strategic business unit.

78. Which of the following is not a mode of communication that helps managers communicate effectively with subordinatesa. Faxb. Teleconferencing c. Photocopying d. Internet

79. Which of the following is a mix of all the four approaches to formal appraisal?a. Peer assessmentb. Superior’s rating of subordinatesc. 360 – degree appraisald. Subordinates rating of superiors

80. Which of the following is synonymous with need theories?a. Supply theory b. Process theoryc. Surplus theoryd. Content theory

81. Crosswise communication consists of which two types of information flows?a. Upwards and downwardsb. Downwards and diagonal c. Upwards and horizontald. Horizontal and diagonal

82. Which of the following is not a way to assess internal labor supply?a. Skills inventoriesb. Skills inventoriesc. Succession planningd. Marketing planning

83. Which of the following refers to the amount of inventory to be used during a particular period of time as specified by a particular system?a. Reorder stockb. Safety stockc. Stockoutd. Cycle stock

84. “The output – input ratio within a time frame with regard to quality” is known as_a. Refreezing b. Unfreezing c. Moving d. Freezing

85. Which one of the following is used by top management as a basis for developing long-range plans?a. Proceduresb. Rulesc. Visiond. Both a and b

86. Which of the following is not a quality of power?a. Ability ton do somethingb. No formal position requiredc. Right to do somethingd. Is derived from multiple sources

87. According to the equity theory when do individuals leave the organization?a. Low rewards – high inputs

b. Low input – high rewardsc. Low input – low outputd. High input high output

88. Which of the following is not a feature of the American management style with regard to decision making in organizations?a. Short term orientationb. Bottom up decision flowc. Fast decision makingd. Individual decision making

89. Company A has cost advantage and product innovation skills ; wheres, Company B has high debt. Which of the following would best describe the current positions of the two companies?a. Strength and opportunity b. Strength and weaknessc. Strength and threatd. Weakness and opportunity

90. Which of the following is not a leadership theory?a. Trait theoryb. ERG theoryc. Contingency theoryd. Transactional theory

91. The general conclusion of the ‘Replay Assembly Test Room Experiments’ was that employees would work better if the management were concerned about their welfare and superiors paid special attention to them. This phenomenon was subsequently labeled as the a. Relay effectb. Hawthorne effectc. Behavioral effectd. Human effect

92. Which of the following is an esteem need?a. Basic payb. Safety regulationsc. Prestigious office locationd. Training

93. Which one of the following situations requires the use of standing plans?a. Intermittent b. Occasionalc. Recurring d. Temporary

94. Which of the following is not a way to overcome the initial resistance to change in organizations?a. Education and communicationb. Group inertiac. Participation and involvementd. Negotiation and agreement

95. Julia and Meg working in GB Industries. Julia, a graduate earns $35,000, whereas, Meg a post graduate earns $ 45,000. Julia feels equitably rewarded even though he is earning $5000 less than Meg. Which theory of motivation explains this process where individuals compare themselves with others in terms of input and output?

a. Expectancy theory b. Two – factor theoryc. Equity theory d. Path – goal theory

96. What role should a manager don when communicating with the outside world?a. Disseminatorb. Spokespersonc. Recipientd. Liaison

97. Which of the following forms a basis for job description and job specification?a. Job evaluationb. Job analysisc. Individual analysisd. Positional analysis

98. Which of the following is/are the weakness(es) of MBO programs?a. Takes too much time and effortb. Necessitates the training of managersc. Decreases paperworkd. Both a and b

99. Which of the following refers to feeling arising stressa. Poor-quality workb. Behavioralc. Burnoutd. Psychological

100. Which of the following perspectives opposes the concept of finding the one best way for managing organizationsa. Universalb. Behavioralc. Scientificd. Contingency

101. Which of the following decision making techniques involves the construction of a model that represents a real or an existing systema. Linear programmingb. Model analysisc. Game theoryd. Simulation

102. Which of the following is an advantage of decentralizationa. Encourages decision-makingb. Easy to have uniform policyc. Greater controld. Decreases complexity of coordination

103. Which of the following types of plans defines the actions of major departments and other sub-units that are necessary for successful execution of strategic plansa. Tactical planb. Operational planc. Single pland. Long-term plan

104. Who among the following is regarded as the ‘father of motion study’a. Lillian Gilbreth

b. Charles Babbagec. Henry Ganttd. Frank Gilbreth

105. Which of the following procedures ensures the availability of accurate and complete data for the organizationa. Data managementb. Securityc. Integrityd. Data entry and validation

106. Which of the following describes a set of feelings or beliefs that individuals have about certain ideas, situations or peoplea. Attitudeb. Dogmatismc. Self-esteemd. Self-efficacy

107. Which type of departmentation is useful only at the lowest level of organizationsa. Departmentation by simple numbersb. Departmentation by timec. Departmentation by process or equipmentd. Departmentation by strategic numbers

108. Which managerial function gives attention to influencing and motivating employees to improve performance and achieve corporate objective a. Leadingb. Organizingc. Staffingd. Controlling

109. Which of the following does not explain the reluctance of managers to set goalsa. Fear of failureb. Thorough knowledge of organizational policiesc. Lack of confidenced. Lack of knowledge of organizational procedures

110. Which of the following helps individuals assess the worth of a job in comparison to other jobs?a. Job analysisb. Job description c. Job specificationd. Job evaluation

111. Which of the following represents the formulation and quantification of plans for a particular period of time in the future?a. Linear programming b. Budgeting c. Leveraging d. Computing

112. Which of the following is/ are the tool (s) in the recruitment process under staffing? a. Job analysis b. Job descriptionc. Job specificationd. All the above

113. McKnsey’s Which managerial approach considers organizations to be open systems?

a. Cooperative social systems approachb. Systems approachc. 7 – S approachd. Management science approach

114. Which of the following is not a major component of management information systems (MIS)?a. Data gathering b. Information utilizationc. Risk analysisd. Data transformation

115. Which of the following is a set of forces that leads individuals to behave in a specific manner?a. Attitudeb. Personalityc. Motivationd. Affiliation

116. Which of the following process shows how an individual seeks information about a certain issue and how he interprets that information ?a. Dogmatismb. Perceptionc. Stereotyping d. Cognitive dissonance

117. Which of the following refers to assumptions about the environment in which the plan is to be carried out?a. Planning environmentb. Planning premisesc. Planning boundariesd. Decision premises

118. Which of the following refers to the conflict an individual experience among her / his attitudes?a. Dogmatismb. Risk propensityc. Locus of controld. Cognitive dissonance

119. In which of the following stages of the change process is the new behavior pattern locked in by means of supporting or reinforcing mechanism so that it becomes the new norm?a. Moving b. Refreezing c. Unfreezing d. Freezing

120. Which of the following is not a factor to be considered when forecasting manpower demand?a. Expected organizational growthb. Budgetary constraintsc. Existence of grapevined. Introduction of new technology

121. Which of the following facilitates the conversion of data into digital images?a. Groupwareb. Facsimile transmissionc. Graphicsd. Voice mail

122. Which one of the following assumption highlight the ‘intrinsic’ satisfaction that an individual derives from the tasks and responsibilities related to his / her job ?a. Social b. Social – actualizationc. Complexd. Rational – economic

123. According to Blake and Mouton’s managerial grid, which of the following managerial styles is also known as ‘organization –man-management’?a. Impoverished managementb. Middle – of-the-road managementc. Country club managementd. Team management

124. The plant manager of Crux Industries has established certain work schedule for supervisors of the company. Which of the following powers was used by the plant manager of Crux Industries in this case?a. Downward referent powerb. Reward powerc. Downward legitimate powerd. Upward legitimate power

125. Employees of ‘Company S’ are complaining about uncomfortable working conditions, poor supervision and job insecurity. According to Herzberg, these job context factors lead to dissatisfaction of individuals. He termed these factors asa. Motivatorsb. Contextc. Esteemd. Hygiene

126. Style garments, an apparel designer and manufacturer recently brought out some new designs. It was able to convince customers that the product was unique in the industry. Which of the following strategies did the company has adopted?a. Focus b. Overall cost leadershipc. Differentiationd. Product leadership

127. Which of the following best describes a situation where the goals of the organization and those of the employees do not matcha. Goal matchb. Goal incongruencec. Goal congruenced. Goal analysis

128. ‘Company A’ is an MNC headquartered in India. Ajay, an India who works as a senior executive in the company, is familiar with the policies of the company. Recently, the company transferred him to a foreign country and made him manager of that particular foreign branch office. Which of the following sources of managerial talent has been utilized by the companya. Host country nationalityb. Home-country nationalityc. Third-country nationalityd. Foreign-country nationality

129. Which of the following studies gave importance to the “initiating structure” and “consideration” dimensions of leadershipa. Iowa studies b. Michigan studies c. Ohio State studiesd. Likert’s four systems of management

130. In which of the following situations will recruitment of external manpower become necessary for an organizationa. High demand-high supplyb. Low demand-high supplyc. High demand-low supplyd. Low demand –low supply

131. “Two heads are better than one” refers to which approach to decision-makinga. Decision support system approachb. Group approachc. Management information systems approachd. Transaction support system approach

132. Which of the following describes an individual’s set of beliefs about his/her capacity to complete a joba. Locus of controlb. Dogmatismc. Self-efficacyd. Self-esteem

133. Which of the following is not a major type of structural alternative used for departmentationa. Functionalb. Divisionalc. Verticald. Matrix

134. In which role do managers try new methods to improve the functioning of a unit or the whole organizationa. Disseminatorb. Leaderc. Entrepreneurd. Liaison

135. Which of the following views proposes that people are unpredicatable, relative (rather than absolute), subjective and unique in naturea. Rational viewb. Self-actualizing viewc. Phenomenological viewd. Emotional view

136. Which of the following is not a type of control based on timing or stage in the production processa. Feed forward controlb. Feed back controlc. Cybernetic controld. Concurrent control

137. Which of the following areas for strategic goals deals in finding sources of capital supply and how capital will be utilizeda. Market standingb. Innovationc. Physical resourcesd. Financial resources

138. Which of the following is not regarded as a source of funds when preparing the cash flow statement a. Sale of productsb. Accounts receivablesc. New shares issuedd. Research and development

139. Who divided the business operations of an organization into technical commercial, managerial, financiala. Max Weberb. Hency L. Gantc. Henri Fayold. Frank B. Gilbreth

140. Which of the following is a type of crosswise communication flow in organizations?a. Upwardb. Verticalc. Diagonald. Downward

141. Which of the following involves the systematic assessment of the adherence of employees to the ethical policies of the organization?a. Ethics training b. Ethics auditc. Ethics hotlined. Code of ethics

142. Which of the following is a computer – based information system that help managers carryout their functions efficiently by gathering comprehensive data and organizing and summarizing it in a form that provides valuable information to managers?a. Decision support systemb. Management information systemc. Executive support systemd. Office automation system

143. Which of the following is not an advantage of geographic division? a. Places responsibility at a lower level b. Improves coordination in a region c. Places emphasis on local marketsd. High operational costs

144. At which point does the total revenue equals total cost and the profit is going to be nil?a. Break pointb. Break over pointc. Break – even pointd. Break – odd point

145. Which of the following is a preventive control?a. Feed forward controlb. Concurrent controlc. Feedback controld. Steering control

146. Which of the following is not a content theory?a. Equity theoryb. Two- factor theoryc. Needs hierarchy theoryd. ERG theory

147. A superior officer evaluates the performance of his subordinates, in order to decide who should be promoted. What type of power can the superior be said to have in this case?a. Referent b. Coercivec. Legitimated. Reward

148. Which of the following refers to the adoption of a specific geographic area and providing cutting edge technology and equipment to the residents?a. Global villageb. Digital village c. Hitech villaged. Local village

149. What are the tasks that managers perform with regards to organizing?a. Influencing people in the organization to achieve goals b. Identifying future trends businessc. Comparing performance with standards d. Allocating and arranging resources

150. Which of the following is likely to be an advantage of internal recruitment when compared to recruiting from outside?a. Availability of new ideas and new ways of thinking b. Selection does not involve office politicsc. Access to a larger pool of candidates d. Low recruitment costs

151. Which one of the following best describes a sequence of steps formed to achieve a particular objective?a. Programs b. Policiesc. Proceduresd. Rules

152. Which approach to decision – making under conditions of uncertainty believes that individual attitudes towards risk vary?a. Risk analysis b. Risk communication

c. Decision treesd. Utility theory.

153. Which of the following innovations is not likely to affect the physical appearance or performance of products directly?a. Radical innovationb. Incremental innovationc. Managerial innovationd. Product innovation

154. Which of the following is a best practice for ensuring employee participation in various activities at all levels of the organization?a. Management by walking around b. Management by goalsc. Management by objectivesd. Management by exception

155. Which of the following structures is a type of departmentalization that superimposes a horizontal set of divisional reporting relationships on a hierarchical functional structure?a. Matrixb. Hybridc. Divisionald. Horizontal

156. Which of the following decision making techniques is used to estimate the profitability of an investment ?a. Marginal analysis b. Financial analysis c. Break – even analysisd. Ratio analysis

157. Which of the following refers to the strength of person’s convictions?a. Locus of controlb. Ego strengthc. Emotional strengthd. Locus of strength

158. Which of the following is the power to exercise discretion in decision making and is derived by virtue of the positional in an organization?a. Functional authorityb. Formal authorityc. Informal authorityd. Organizational authority

159. Which type of planning focuses on improving organizational effectiveness?a. Operationalb. Divisionalc. Strategic d. Tactical

160. Which of the following is not an output device?a. Printersb. Visual display monitorsc. Graphic plottersd. Optical scanners

161. Which of the following identify problem area and increase the feasibility of achieving goals?a. Key result areasb. Goalsc. Action plansd. Procedures

162. Which of the following units in the task environment have the potential to control an organization’s practices and policies?a. Suppliersb. Strategic alliesc. Regulatorsd. Customers

163. Which management approach can be divided into the scientific management school, bureaucratic school and administrative school?a. Neo – Classicalb. Pre – Classicalc. Classicald. Behavioral

164. Which of the following designations does not fall in the category of top level management?a. Chief executive officerb. Executive director c. Presidentd. Supervisor

165. Which of the following principles of management identified by Henri Fayol states that promoting team spirit will give the organization a sense of unity ?a. Equityb. Espirit de corpsc. Disciplined. Initiative

166. Which one of the following strategies focus on the best means of competing in a particular market?a. Business – levelb. Corporate – levelc. Functional – leveld. Organizational –level

167. Which of the following techniques is used in decision – making to figure out how much extra output will result it one more variable is added?a. Financial analysisb. Ratio analysisc. Break – even analysis d. Marginal analysis

168. Which of the following is not one of the bases of power that managers rely on?a. Coerciveb. Rewardc. Expertd. Illegitimate

169. Which management approach involves forecasting inventory analysis, materials requirement planning systems and networking models?a. Classical approach b. Quantitative approach c. Modern approachd. Preclassical approach

170. Which of the following is a decision making technique that helps in the evaluation of available alternatives during the process of planning?a. Statistical quality control methodsb. Inventory analysisc. Operations researchd. Forecasting

171. Which of the following is not a disadvantage of the matrix structure of organizations?a. High administrative costsb. Adaptable to changes in the environmentc. Excessive focus on internal relationsd. Over concentration on group decision making

172. Which of the following skills help managers visualize the most appropriate response to a situation a. Conceptual skillsb. Diagnostic skillsc. Decision-making skillsd. Technical skills

173. Which of the following is not a step in the organizational development processa. Diagnosisb. Interruptionc. Interventiond. Evaluation

174. Which of the following is not a fixed asset?a. Landb. Buildingc. Marketable securitiesd. Machinery

175. Which management approach ignores the functions of management, namely, planning organizing and controlling and instead pays attention to individual psychologya. Group behavior approach b. Interpersonal behavior approachc. Management science approachd. Managerial roles approach

176. Which of the following does not represent the bargaining power of customers?a. Making bulk purchases of products and servicesb. Dominating a large part of the seller’s total salesc. Difference in the features of products manufactured by various suppliers d. No difference in the features of products manufactured by various

suppliers

177. Which of the following approaches is/are considered universal perspectivea. Classicalb. Quantitativec. Behaviorald. All the above

178. Which of the following managers are familiar with all the functional areas of managementa. Operations managersb. Human resource managersc. Financial managersd. General managers

179. Some software professionals who are working at company other than Microsoft Corporation are influenced by and agree to the opinions of Bill Gates, because of his brilliant ideas and charismatic personality. In such a case, what type of power can Bill Gates be side to possessa. Referent b. Legitimatec. Coercived. Reward

180. The SD-50 Company manufactures a single product, the SD-50 spray lubricant and sells it only in South Asia. Which diversification strategy is SD-50 followinga. Related diversificationb. Unrelated diversificationc. Relative diversificationd. Single-product strategy

180. Company C is planning to introduce personal computers to ease the access to information in the organization. In order to use the personal computers, employees should learn certain packages. However, a group of managers who dislike computers resisted this change. The employees in the information systems department feel that this change will threaten their survival in the organization. Which of the following best describes the resistance by group of managers and resistance b7y employees in the information systems department?a. Individual resistance; organizational resistanceb. Individual resistance; individual resistancec. Organizational resistance; individual resistanced. Organizational resistance organizational resistance

181. Which of the following methods encourages the involvement of employees in the setting of objectives?a. Management by walking aroundb. Management by goalsc. Management by objectivesd. Management by exception

182. Which management approach is based on pure logic and expresses management concepts as mathematical symbolsa. Contingency approachb. Management science approachc. Operational approach

d. System approach189. According to equity theory, which of the following conditions will encourage `

employees to work hardera. When out put equals in putb. When output is greater than in putc. When out put is less than in putd. When output is less than or equal to in put

190. Cool Infotech, a software development company, like to monitor the profits made in the second quarter of 2003. Which of the following statements would help Cool Infotech obtain a clear picture of profits earned during the period i.e. April-June 2003a. Trial balanceb. Balance sheetc. Income statementd. Cash flow statement

200. In which of the following styles of management do managers trust employees and involve them in decision-making and encourage upward communicationa. Exploitative-authoritativeb. Participativec. Benevolent-authoritatived. Consultative

201. Which of the following specifies the broad parameters within which organization members are expected to operate in pursuit of organizational goala. Procedures b. Rules c. Policiesd. Regulations

202. ‘Company S’ recently developed a new software. It wants to restrict access to the software to authorized individuals in the organization. Which of the following procedures will help the company restrict access to the new softwarea. Data managementb. Security and integrityc. Data entry validationd. Data uniformity

203. Who identified the three types of managerial roles, namely, interpersonal, informational, and decision roles?a. Peter F. Druckerb. Henry Mintzbergc. C. Max Weberd. Henri Fayol

204. Which of the following theories developed by McGregor takes an optimistic, dynamic, flexible and positive view of employeesa. Theory Xb. Theory Zc. Theory Yd. Theory A

205. Which of the following is not a model of performance appraisal a. Comprehensive reviewb. Progressive reviewc. Static review

d. Continuous monitoring206. In addition to recruiting selecting training and placing what are the other activities

of staffing?a. Promotionb. Performance appraisalc. Compensationd. All the above

207. Which of the following does not pertain to skills inventory while assessing internal labor supply?a. Employee skillsb. Employee interests c. Employee turnoverd. Employee performance

208. Which of the following is an inventory control method developed to minimize ordering and holding costs?a. Economic order quantityb. Minimum order quantityc. Constant order quantityd. Maximum order quantity

209. Which of the following is a one-time plan created in response to non-programmed decisiona. Standingb. Single-usec. Long-termd. Tactical

210. Which of the following does not come under the Quantitative Approach to Management theorya. Management Scienceb. Operations Managementc. Management Information Systemd. The Systems theory

211. Which of the following decision making techniques is used to calculate the payback perioda. Financial analysisb. Marginal analysisc. Ratio analysisd. Break-even analysis

212. Which of the following is not a process theorya. Expectancy theoryb. Two-factor theoryc. Equity theoryd. Inequity theory

213. Which of the following was defined by Bowen ‘as a commitment to the systematic assessment and reporting of some meaningful, definable domain of a company’s activities that have a social impact”a. Social ethicsb. Ethics auditc. Social auditsd. Code of ethics

214. Which of the following is a written document describing the minimum acceptable qualifications required of a person who fills a particular joba. Job analysisb. Job specificationc. Job descriptiond. Job evaluation

215. Strategy implementation involves carrying out strategic plans anda. Maintaining quality controlb. Maintaining strategic controlc. Maintaining inventory controld. Maintaining production control

216. At which stage of the MBO process should an organization consider changes in the external environment to develop effective short – term as well as long – term plans?a. Objective setting b. Implementationc. Controld. Appraisal

217. Which of the following is considered synonymous used with “downsizing”?a. Rebuilding b. Recreatingc. Reestablishingd. Restructuring

218. Which one of the following types of leader motivates subordinates to perform at expected levels?a. Autocratic leaderb. Transactional leaderc. Democratic leaderd. Transformational leader

219. Which of the following techniques for enhancing creativity involves a complex set of interactions from which a solution emerges?a. Brainstorming b. Synecticsc. Simulationd. Linear programming

220. Which of the following does not come under the McKinsey’s 7-s approach?a. Strategyb. Stylec. Situationsd. Skills

221. Which one of the following types of control techniques is concerned with the are a part of the transformation process to ensure that they conform to organizational standards?a. Feed forwardb. Concurrent c. Standardd. Operational

223. Which of the following is not one of Fayol’s principles of management?a. Division of work

b. Remunerationc. Equityd. Well – defined hierarchy

224. Which of the following is a formalized, long-range planning process used to define and achieve organizational goals?a. Strategicb. Operationalc. Tacticald. Divisional

225. Which of the following is not a profitability ratio?a. Gross profit marginb. Net marginc. Return on investment d. Tangible net worth

226. In the organizational development process, which of the following intervention techniques aims at helping work groups become effective at task accomplishment?a. Process consultationb. Team building c. Third – party interventiond. Skill development

227. What skills do middle-level managers require to move up the corporate ladder?a. Only conceptual and technical skillsb. Only technical skillsc. Conceptual, design and human skills d. Only human skills

228. Which of the following is a written statement describing the objectives of a job?a. Job specificationb. Job analysisc. Job statement d. Job description

229. Which of the following types of plan is formulated to achieve strategic goals?a. Job specificationb. Job analysisc. Job statementd. Job description

230. Which of the following systems consists of sets of interacting elements operating without any exchange with the environment in which it exists?a. Flexibleb. Openc. Closedd. Standard

231. Which of the following is not an advantage of group – aided decision making and problem solving ?a. Greater pool of knowledge b. Different perspectivesc. Groupthinkd. Increased acceptance

232. Which of the following is not tested through intelligence tests?a. Emotional stabilityb. Comprehensionc. Reasoning abilityd. Mental Alertness

233. Which of the following approaches is neither immoral nor moral and simply ignores ethical considerations?a. Moral managementb. Amoral managementc. Immoral managementd. Both a and c

234. In which of the following forms of control is the source of an unsatisfactory outcome traced back to the individuals responsible for it so that they can be made to correct their work practices?a. Preventiveb. Directc. Strategicd. Indirect

235. Which of the following is not a source of individual resistance to change?a. Security b. Economic factorsc. Structural inertiad. Selective information processing

236. Which of the following skills refers to the ability, both individually and in a group?a. Conceptualb. Humanc. Designd. Technical

237. Which of the following costs does not increase when the inventory level increases?a. Cost of capitalb. Storage spacec. Ordering costsd. Obsolescence

238. According to the utility theory, which of the following best describes a person who is willing to take greater risks than others?a. Risk avertersb. Gamblersc. Risk evadersd. None of the above

239. In the Pre- classical era who gave attention to the welfare of workers?a. Charles Babbage b. Andrew Urec. Robert Owend. Henry R. Towne

240. Which of the following management approaches focuses on the need to adjust managerial systems to suit the specific circumstances of the situation confronting the organization?a. Contingency b. Empirical or case approachc. Systems approachd. Mc Kinsey’s 7 – s frame work

241. A ticket collector ‘T’ find a person for traveling without ticker a t a metropolitan railway station. What kind of ‘power’ was the ticket collector exercisinga. Coerciveb. Referentc. Legitimated. Expert

242. According to Vroom’s expectancy theory, which of the following refers to the probability that successful performance will lead to certain outcomesa. Motivationb. Valencec. Expectancyd. Instrumentality

243. There has been a fall in Company A’s operational efficiency. Which one of the following would help ‘Company A’ identify the particular area in which productivity needs to be improveda. Total productivityb. Partial productivityc. Sum productivityd. Cumulative productivity

244. According to Blake and Mouton, leadership style 9,1 which reverses the emphasis of style 1,9 is calleda. Impoverished managementb. Authority-compliance management c. Country club management d. Team management

245. Which of the following situations represents a degree of saturation regarding manpower in the organization and calls for organization planninga. High demand-low supplyb. Low demand-low supplyc. High demand-high supplyd. Low demand-high supply

246. Company C adopted a performance appraisal approach that includes assessment of individuals’ performance by his/her superior(s), subordinates and peers. Which of the following approaches is Company C following?a. 90-degree appraisalb. 180-degree appraisalc. 270-degree appraisald. 360-degree appraisal

247. Which of the following is not required for a differentiation strategyCreative flair

Fill in the blanks

1. ‘Company S’, a multi national corporation (MNC) in the FMCG industry, has customized its operations for each and every foreign market it serves. This management approach is popularly known as the ------------------

yyy. Ethnocentric approachzzz. Regiocentric approachaaaa. Polycentric approachbbbb. Geocentric approach

2. According to the BCG matrix, a ‘question mark’ requires ----------- to become a ‘star’

cccc. Cash outflowsdddd. Cash inflowseeee. Divestmentffff. Profit distribution

3. ---------- are staff specialists, who hold influential positions in the bureaucracy and specialize in economic planning

gggg. Democratshhhh. Technocratsiiii. Autocratsjjjj. Both a and c

4. I the control process, a/an -------------- is know as the permissible deviation from the standard

kkkk. Coverllll. Cushionmmmm. Amplifiernnnn. Animator

5. A ------- is a large-scale single-use plan which coordinates a complex set of activities for achieving a major nonrecurring goal.

oooo. Programpppp. Projectqqqq. Budgetrrrr. Policy

6. --------------- facilitates control, communication and coordination in organizations. ssss. Decelerationtttt. Departmentationuuuu. Disntegrationvvvv. Decentralization

7. The modern multinational corporation has a --------- approachwwww. Polycentric approachxxxx. Ethnocentric approachyyyy. Geocentric approachzzzz. Regiocentric approach

8 Individual differences among human being are rooted in differences in their-------- make up.

aaaaa. Penological bbbbb. Pathologicalccccc. Physiologicalddddd. Psychological

9. According to the Kurt Lewin, the first step to overcome resistance to organizational change is to unfrreze the status quo. The status quo can be regarded as a ________________

eeeee. State of quilibriumfffff. State of instabilityggggg. State of dis- equilibriumhhhhh. State of disparity

10. According to mintzberg __________ are interpersonal roles.iiiii. Figurehead, recipient liaisonjjjjj. Leader, liaison, spokesperson kkkkk. Geocentric approachlllll. Regiocentric approach

11. If MIS (management information system) is designed with the primary objective of managerial decision support, then it is known as a/an___

mmmmm. Expert systemnnnnn. Transaction support systemooooo. Decision support systemppppp. None of the above

12. Critical – incident statements can also be called__________qqqqq. Arrowsrrrrr. Anchorssssss. Bulletsttttt. Numbers

13. Shareholder’s equity is represented on the balance sheet by stock and ________uuuuu. Retained earningvvvvv. Trade receivableswwwww. Fixed assetsxxxxx. Short – term investments

14. Managers with an internal __________are likely to take responsibility for the consequences of their actions.

a. Ego strengthb. Locus of strengthc. Emotional strengthd. Locus of control

15. The situation theory is also known as __________yyyyy. Trait theoryzzzzz. Locus of strengthaaaaaa. Emotional strengthbbbbbb. Locus of control

16. The situational theory is also known as _________cccccc. Trait theorydddddd. Transactional theoryeeeeee. Contingency theoryffffff. Behavioral theory

17. The tendency of a system to break down or degrade, become disorganized, or disintegrate is known as_________

gggggg. Entropyhhhhhh. Extropyiiiiii. Autonomyjjjjjj. Distropy

18. In Japan informal organizations are referred to as _________a. Shushin koyob. Henkoc. Ringi systemd. Habatsu

19. Alex F. Osborn developed the _________ techniques for facilitating creativity.a. Brainstorming b. Synecticsc. Linear programmingd. Simulation

20. ________ is a comprehensive managerial system that integrates many key manner and is consciously directed towards the effective and efficient achievement of organizational and individual objectives.a. Management by objectivesb. Management of goals c. Management by exceptiond. Organization by objectives

20. MBO techniques work successfully when managers consider the assumption of _____ and the actions of employees are consistent with these assumptions.a. Theory Wb. Theory Xc. Theory Yd. Theory Z

21. According to Renis Likert, the _____ management style represents dictatorial leadership behaviora. Benevolent – authoritativeb. Consultative leadershipc. Exploitive – authoritatived. Participative leadership

22. The objective of refreezing is to ------- the new situation by balancing the new driving and restraining forces.a. Stabilizeb. Unstabilizec. Unequalized. Disarrange

23. ----------- tried to analyze the increase in the number of interactions and relationships by increasing the number of subordinates under a particular manager.a. Robert Kreitnerb. Goerge Homansc. V.A. Graicunasd. David C. Martin

24. Organizational culture is an aspect of the --------- environment of an organizationa. Generalb. Taskc. Internald. External

25. Holding cost is synonymous with ----------a. Ordering costb. Item costc. Carrying costd. Stock out cost

26. A--------------- is a computer-based information system that records and transactions required to conduct an organization’s business.a. Office automation systemb. Transaction processing systemc. Decision support systemd. Management information system

27. ------------------------------- Control focuses on assessing the implementation of tactical plans at department levels, monitoring associated results, and taking corrective action when necessarya. Tacticalb. Operationalc. Strategicd. Functional

28. ----------------------- refers to the rigidity of a person’s beliefs and his openness to other viewpointsa. Locus of controlb. Attitudec. Self-efficacyd. Dogmatism

29. A/an ---------- is a feed forward control systema. Financial control systemb. Inventory control systemc. Quality control systemd. Budgetary control system

30. A pant manager discovered that employee turnover in the plant over the last year has increased by five percent. In order to reduce the employee turnover, the plant manager considered the following options: increasing benefits, increase wages or changing hiring standards. In this case, the plant manager is in the ----------- stage of the decision-making process.a. ‘Recognizing the problem’b. ‘Identifying alternatives’c. ‘Evaluating alternatives’d. ‘Implementing the chosen alternative’

31. The ___model of decision making was developed by Herber Simon.a. Garbage – canb. Incrementalc. Satisficingd. Rational

32. A plant manager has discovered that employee that employee turnover in the plant over the last quarter has increased by five percent. The manager can be said to be in the _______ stage of the rational decision making process.a. Recognizing and defining the problemb. ‘Identifying alternative’c. ‘Valuating alternatives’d. ‘mplementing the chosen alternative’

33. _________ is known as “quantitative common sense”a. Operations researchb. Operations managementc. Efficient operationsd. Operations planning

34. In _________ existing products or technologies in an industry are replaced by new products or technologies.a. Technical innovationb. Product innovationc. Process innovationd. Radical innovation

35. An MBO process may not be successful if implemented by _____ managers and subordinates.a. Theory Zb. Theory Wc. Theory Xd. Theory Y

36. According to Liker’s system of management, __________ represents “dictatorial leadership” behavior.a. System 1 managementb. System 2 managementc. System 3 managementd. System 4 management

37. ‘Shushin koyo’, a Japanese management practice is also known as ________a. Continuous trainingb. Lifetime employmentc. Decision – makingd. Seniority system

38. A/an ________ is a vital tool for providing information about organizational relationships.a. Organizational chartb. Functional chartc. Organizational modeld. Functional model

39. Managers with a high ________are consistent in their moral judgements and moral actions.a. Peer assessmentb. Superior’s rating of subordinatesc. 360 – degree appraisald. Subordinates rating of superiors

40. The ____approach to decision – making holds that managers behave randomy while making non-programmed decisions. Garbage-cana. Garbage-canb. Rationalc. Satisficing d. Increamental

41. The establishment of a distinct area, unit or subsystem of an organization over which a manager has authority for the performance of specialized activities and results is termed ___________a. Efficiency b. Effectivenessc. Productivityd. All the above

42. In the ______ stage in the change process, the new behavious pattern locked into place by means of supporting or reinforcing mechanisms, so that it becomes the new norm.a. Refreezing b. Unfreezing c. Moving d. Freezing

43. Usually, short –term creditors want to be informed of the ____of an organization.a. Inventory turnover ratiob. Current ratioc. Leverage ratiod. Gross profit margin

44. Concurrent controls are not referred to as _________a. Steering controlb. Screening controlc. Preliminary controld. Yes – no control

45. Robert Owen, Charles Babbage, Henry R. Lowne, Andrew Ure and Charles Duplin contributed to the _____ school of management thoughta. Classicalb. Behavioralc. Neo – classicald. Pre – classical

46. Brainstorming and synectics techniques encourage individuals to think _______a. Optimisticallyb. Pessimisticallyc. Intuitively d. Emotionally

47. ________ Is a quantitative technique used to arrive at a decision concerning the allocation of scarce or limited resources for achieving a particular objective a. Linear programmingb. Queuing or waiting – line methodc. Decision treed. Game theory

48. Open systems uses _______ to identify deviation from objectives.a. Feed forward mechanismb. Feedback mechanismsc. Information mechanismd. System mechanisms

49. ________ are also known as leverage rations.a. Liquidity ratiosb. Asset management ratiosc. Debt management ratiosd. Profitability rations

50. According to some experts, knowledge work systems are advanced versions of __a. Decision support systemsb. Office automation systemsc. Executive support systemsd. Transaction processing system

51. In ______ the opinions of experts are collected to arrive at a consensus.a. Interacting groupsb. Nominal groupsc. Delphi groupsd. Formal groups

52. A/.an ____appraises an organization’s position and helps it determine where it is, where it is heading with its current plans and programs, whether it is meeting its objectives, and whether any revision of plans is required to enable it to achieve its predefined goals and objectives.a. Enterprise self- auditb. Social audit c. Control audit d. Management audit

53. Through _____both the management and the union arrive at an agreement that is satisfactory to both partiesa. Grievance proceduresb. Collective bargainingc. Individual bargaining d. Management bargaining

54. Geographic division is also known as ______ a. Torrentialb. Tonsorialc. Terrestriald. Territorial

55. Work specialization improves the efficiency of operations. This principal of management identifies by Henri Fayol, is termed _______a. Division of workb. Stabilityc. Espirit de corpsd. Discipline

56. System 1 management as proposed by Likert, is also known as the _______a. Exploitative-authoritative styleb. Authoritative-delegative stylec. Exploitative-delegative styled. Exploitative-democratic style

57. According to the principle of _______ the same result can be reached by different means.a. Differentiation b. Equifinalityc. Entropyd. Homeostasis

58. In the creative process_____ links the unconscious mind with the conscious minda. Insightb. Intuitionc. Logical formulationd. Unconscious scanning

59. When a strength is unique and cannot be easily imitated by competitors, it is know as _______a. Universalb. Behavioralc. Scientificd. Contingency

60. _______ amoral managers exclude ethical issues from their decisions and actions as they think that general ethical standards are not appropriate for conducting business.a. Intentional b. Unintentionalc. Generald. Formal

61. In negotiation and agreement, management offers something of value in exchange for cooperation thereby________ potential or actual resistance from employees.a. Neutralizingb. Increasingc. Decreasingd. Aggravating

62. The control function helps managers identify_____ errors and thus helps organization avoid excessive costs.a. Operational errorsb. Planning errorsc. Accounting errorsd. Errors in objectives

63. The ratio of net income to total organizational assets is known as _____a. Tangible worthb. Return on investmentc. Net profit margind. Gross profit margin

64. __________ refers to the price of an inventory item.a. Ordering costb. Item costc. Carrying costd. Stock-out cost

65. The ______ method can be used by a organization to change the working relationships between subordinates and superiors from confrontational to cooperative.a. Team buildingb. Third-party peacemakingc. Diagnostic activitiesd. Process consultation

66. The High profits that a cash cow generates can be used to support______a. Question marks and starsb. Dogs and starsc. Dogs and questions marksd. Dogs

67. A/an _______ is a person who focuses on innovation and creativity and who transforms a dream or an ides into a profitable venture by operating within organization environmenta. Entrepreneurb. Intrapreneurc. Innovatord. Manager

68. Problems in the organizational structure and the political environment are defined as _________ constraintsa. Internal – internalb. External-internalc. Internal-externald. External-external

69. Top-management at ‘Company A’ assumed that work practices in the home country will also work abroad. This kind of approach is known as the _____a. Ethnocentric approachb. Regiocentric approachc. Polycentric approachd. Geocentric approach

70. In _______ there will be face-to-face discussions, formal group presentations special reports and publications to clear up misunderstandings among employees.a. Participation and involvementb. Education and communicationc. Facilitation and support d. Negotiation and agreement

71. The ______ refers to the delivery by one individual to another of the right to act, to make decisions, to requisition resources and to perform other tasks in order to fulfill job responsibilities.a. Centralization of powerb. Delegation of authorityc. Centralization of authorityd. Delegation of responsibility

72. ______ are related to the balance sheet instead of the income statement.a. Capital standardsb. Revenue standardsc. Program standardsd. Cost standards

73. The various interest groups that influence a firm’s functioning and get affected by the firm’s decisions are known as ___________a. Social stakeholdersb. Social – makersc. Social professionalsd. Social administrators

74. A firm using a _____ strategy tries to specialize within a very narrow segment of the market by establishing a position of overall cost leadership differentiation, or both.a. Specificb. Focusc. Directived. Differentiation

75. __________ innovations lead to changes in the physical processes through which in the product or service passes.a. Technicalb. Radicalc. Incrementald. Managerial

76. ____________ managers bring in new work practices and help the organization sail smoothly through changes. a. Top – levelb. Middle – levelc. First – leveld. Supervisory – level

77. When construction a mathematical model in operations research methodology, both controllable and uncontrollable variable are manipulated to variables are manipulated to achieve the effectiveness of the system in the ____-model.a. Decision modelb. Simulation modelc. Quantitative modeld. Qualitative model

78. A SWOT analysis does not consider an organization’s____________a. Internal strengthsb. External opportunitiesc. Internal weaknessesd. External task environment

79. “Company JSK” is a multinational firm in the power generation, transmission and distribution sectors. The three sectors are regarded as three different units in the organization. For the financial year ending 2002, the transmission unit generated the most profits and made the largest contribution to the overall profits of the organization JSK’s transmission division can be categorized as a _______a. Discretionary expense centerb. Investment sectorc. Profit centerd. Standard cost center

80. Company S’s inventory is stored in a warehouse. The company has incurred expenses like rent for the storage space, insurance, breakage, etc. These expenses are referred to as ______a. Item costb. Holding costsc. Stock out costd. Ordering cost

81. A system analyst in ‘Company A’ is giving specifications to his team of ___________regarding the development of new software.a. Data processing managersb. Data-entry operatorsc. Programmersd. End users

82. McGregor’s ________ takes a pessimistic static and rigid view of human nature.a. Theory Wb. Theory Xc. Theory Yd. Theory Z

83. A _______ outlines the expected results of a given future period in numerical terms.a. Programb. Budgetc. Policyd. Procedure

84. OD relies on the use of______ which are change strategies developed and initiated with the help of a change agent.a. Interventionsb. Informationc. Plansd. Policies

85. Management techniques are used at the _______ level of the organizationa. Top-levelb. Middle-levelc. First-leveld. All the above

86. According to Herzberg and his associates, ______are job content factors which lead to job satisfactiona. Motivatorsb. Hygiene factorsc. Context factorsd. Physiological factors

87. ___________ is the earliest management thinkers to use this term ‘ Management by Objectives”. a. Peter F. Druckerb. Frederick Taylorc. Henri Fayold. Henry Mintzberg

88. __________ bring about changes in the way products or services are manufactured.a. Product innovation b. Radical innovation c. Incremental innovationd. Process innovation

89. A chart the contains information about major managerial positions present incumbents, potential replacements for each position and the age of each person on the chart is know as ________ chart.a. Manager inventoryb. Raw material inventoryc. Control and coordinationd. Skills inventory

90. ______________ contain sets of specific behaviors that represent gradations of performance used as common reference points (or anchors) for rating employees on various job dimensionsa. Behaviorally anchored rating scalesb. Graphic rating scalesc. Behavior rating scalesd. Behavior scales

91. An exhaustive appraisal of the important positive and negative attributes of each major functional area of a business is called_______a. A Functional auditb. A SWOT analysisc. A Mission analysisd. An Organizational audit

92. The _________ concept stresses the need for flexibility and adaptability in the organizational structure, and the interdependence of the system and tis external environment.a. Open-systemb. Closed-systemc. Stable-systemd. Flexible-system

93. According to ________ organizations must go through a three step change process (unfreeze, move. Refreeze) to achieve acceptance of change.a. Elton mayob. Frederick W. Taylorc. Kurt Lewind. Max Weber

94. Leadership style 1.9 in Balke and Mouton’s managerial grid represents the ________ style.a. Impoverished managementb. Country club managementc. Team managementd. Organization man management

95. The efficient use of resources relative to outcomes is known as __________a. Innovationb. Financial resourcesc. Physical resourcesd. Productivity

96. ___________ is also known as staffing.a. Resource management b. Human management c. Human resource managementd. Human resource development

97. The principle of ________- control is based on the belief that most of the negative deviations from standards can be overcome by applying the fundamentals of management .a. Successive b. Directive c. Preventive d. Indirect

98. The ___________ relates to decision – making by consensus.a. Shushin koyob. Henkoc. Ringi systemd. Kacho

99. __________ provide direction for the activities of an organizationa. Resourcesb. Goalsc. Information d. Manpower

100. The clearer the line of authority from the apex management position in an organization to every subordinate position, the clearer will be the responsibility for decision making and the more effective will be the organizational communication. This is known as the ________ principle.a. Molarb. Scalarc. Lunard. Secular

101. When employees deliberately work at a slower pace they are said to be _______a. Shouldering b. Soldiering c. Sundering d. Slandering

102. A ___________ strategy aims at achieving reduction in cost.a. Cost leadershipb. Market leadershipc. Focus d. Differentiation

103. Just – in time is also known as “stockless production” and “______”.a. Finished goods inventoryb. Zero inventoryc. Raw – material inventoryd. Work – in progress inventory

104. A human resource department in a software company is regarded as a/an______a. Profit centerb. Cost centerc. Revenue centerd. Investment center

105. A/ an _________ organization is a network of personal and social relations not established or required by the formal organization and arising spontaneously as people associate with one another.a. Informalb. Formalc. Party formald. Strategic

106. Avoidance, problem solving, structural change, etc. are ways of __________.a. Managing by objectivesb. Managing organizational conflictc. Managing organizational changed. Managing organizational culture

107. Categorizing individuals on the basis of a single attribute is known as_________a. Attribution b. Dogmatismc. Cognitive dissonanced. Stereotyping

108. In the ________- strategy of overcoming resistance to change, information about a change is presented selectively so that it appears more attractively or necessary to potential resisters.a. Manipulationb. Co – optationc. Coerciond. Negotiation

109. Feedforward control is not known as _________a. Pre controlb. Preliminary controlc. Preaction controld. Reaction control

110. The ________ of an organization provides guidelines for its policies and practices.a. Corporate culture b. Corporate philosophyc. Corporate rulesd. Corporate program

111. A __________ organization structure has a wide span of control and only a few hierarchical levels.a. Flatb. Narrowc. Talld. Wide

112. The ___________ dimension of an organization’s environment consists of factors like inflation, unemployment and interest rates.a. Politicalb. Legalc. Economicd. Technological

113. A __________ is designed to enhance the decision – making capability of managers.a. Management information systemb. Executive support systemc. Decision support systemd. Office automation system

114. _________ decisions usually involve a lot of uncertainty.a. Programmedb. Non programmedc. Tacticald. Operational

115. In the BCG matrix, dogs have ___________ market share in a ______ market.a. Low : high growthb. Low : low growthc. High; low growthd. Low; stable

116. It is often difficult to measure the productivity of a ______a. Technicalb. Manufacturing c. Knowledged. Industrial

117. According to Porter’s five competitive force model, the ease with which new competitors can enter the market is referred as _____a. The bargaining power of customersb. The bargaining power of suppliersc. The threat of new entrantsd. The threat of substitute products or services

118. _________ decision involve simple, common, frequently occurring problems that have well established and understood solutionsa. Non-programmedb. Programmedc. Tacticald. Strategic

119. The grapevine is a/an ______ communication channel.a. Informalb. Formalc. Stabled. Organization

120. The process of comparing an individual’s job performance against standards or objectives developed for the individual’s position is termed as _______a. Evaluationb. Job appraisalc. Skills appraisald. Performance appraisal

121. _________ involves the identification of potential candidates for filling specific managerial positions.a. Succession planningb. Replacement planningc. Resources planning

d. Requirements planning122. According to Likert, _______ are characterized by low output

a. System 1 and System 2b. System 2 and System 3c. System 3 and System2d. System 3 and System 4

123. The _______ describes a situation where an employee’s position has be filled when he/she is promoted to next higher positiona. Ripple effectb. Ripple effectc. Supply effectd. Shortage effect

124. _______ refers to the Japanese practice of providing privileges to older employees who have been with the company for a long timea. Shushin koyob. Henkoc. Kaishad. Ringi system

125. A _______ approach involves a graphic representation of alternative courses of action and the possible outcomes and risks associated with each actiona. Utility theoryb. Decision treesc. Risk analysisd. Financial analysis

126. Management by walking around is also known as ______a. Management by wandering aroundb. Management by wondering aroundc. Management by objectivesd. Management by exception

127. Technosructural activities seek to improve work technology and/or ______a. Organizational cultureb. Organizational structurec. Organizational profitsd. Organizational compensation policy

128. A firm using a ________ strategy tries to offer products and services that are considered unique in the industry.a. market leadershipb. Focusc. Differentiationd. Cost leadership

129. The structural methods used for promoting innovation help organizations implement _________ and achieve goala. Proceduresb. Policiesc. Strategiesd. Rules

130. Divisions which handle key business within multi-product companies and which have specific resources, objective and competitions are known________a. Strategic functional unitsb. Strategic business units

c. Strategic planning unitsd. Key business units

131. __________ advocated the use of MBO as a performance planning and appraisal system.a. Douglas McGregorb. Peter Druckerc. William Ochid. Elton Mayo

132. __________ is also know as an organization’s net worth.a. Shareholders’ equityb. Total assetsc. Long-term liabilities d. Profit before taxes

133. Process theories of motivation are also known as ______a. Cognitive theoriesb. Content theoriesc. Need theoriesd. Static theories

134. According to the ________,a person’s behavior is influenced by the environment.a. Behaviorist viewb. Emotional viewc. Economic viewd. Self-actualizing view

135. ________ is a systematic and sophisticated decision-making technique that enables competitors to select rational strategies for the attainment of goals.a. Linear programmingb. Game theoryc. Simulationd. Decision tree

136. An employee who reports real or perceived misconduct to an external agency is know as a _______a. Whistle-blowerb. Whistle-bowlerc. Whistle-growerd. Whistle-mower

137. Democratic leadership is also know as ________leadershipa. Autocraticb. Participativec. Bureaucraticd. Laissez-faire

138. According to McClelland, ______ thrive on pursuing and attaining goals.a. Power-motivated peopleb. Achievement-motivated peoplec. Affiliation-motivated peopled. Need-motivated people

139. Information about cities, roads, malls in the cities, and land occupied by lakes can be obtained through maps generated by a_______a. Decision support systemb. Transaction processing systemc. Geographic information system

d. Management information system140. The functional departments of a hybrid structure have greater staff authority

which originates from the top level of the organization. Therefore, functional departments in a hybrid structure are also referred to as ______ departments.a. Top-levelb. Operationalc. Corporated. Matrix

141. When plotted on a BCG matrix, business units are plotted according to the growth rate of the industry they are operating in and according to their________a. Volume of units producedb. Volume of salesc. Organization growth rated. Relative market share

142. ________ refers to the process through which employees adapt to an organization’s culture.a. Workforce socializationb. Socializationc. Organizational socializationd. Personnel socialization

143. In ________ organization, lower-level employees participate in the decision- making process

a. Decentralizedb. Centralizedc. Party centralizedd. Partly unified

144. __________communication originates from subordinates and travels up the organizational hierarchy to superiors.a. Upwardb. Downwardc. Diagonald. Horizontal

145. Concurrent control is also known as ______a. Steering controlb. Steeling controlc. Primary controld. Steaming control

146. _________ information refers to the information that originates within an organizationa. Internalb. Externalc. Environmentald. Political

147. In ______ a leader or an influential person among the potential resisters is given a seemingly desirable role in the change process in order to gain his/her cooperationa. Coercionb. Facilitationc. Cooptationd. Participation

148. The __________ theory indicates that effective leadership is dependent on clearly defining for subordinates the paths to goal attainment, and the degree the chances that subordinates will achievea. Transformationalb. Path-goalc. Hersey and Blanchard’sd. Transformational leadership

149. Managers who are _________ belong to a country other than the home country or the host country.a. Home-country nationalsb. Host country nationalsc. Third country nationalsd. Domestic – country nationals

150. ________ is known as “the father of scientific management”?a. Henri Fayolb. Henry Mintzbergc. Frederick Taylord. Max Weber

151. In the _________ , managers consider the impact of changes in the external environment on the firm and on every aspect of planning.a. Open systems approachb. Management information systemc. Closed systems approachd. Grass- root budgeting

152. According to the functional viewpoint, ________ functions are accomplishment of organizational objectives.a. Lineb. Staffc. Line and staffd. Both a and b

153. To develop queuing models, advanced mathematical and ________knowledge is necessary.a. Illogicalb. Financialc. Statisticald. Synthetical

154. According to the ______of decision-making, limitations of information gathering and information – processing make it difficult for managers to make optimal decisionsa. Rational modelb. Satisficing modelc. Incremental modeld. Non – rational model

155. _________ are monetary measurements common at the operational level.a. Cost standardsb. Revenue standardsc. Capital standardsd. Program standards.

156. The _________ refers to the desire to maintain a warm, friendly relationship with others.a. Need for achievement b. Need for powerc. Need for motivationd. Need for affiliation

157. A ________ is a type of departmentation in which positions are grouped according to their main functional (or specialized) areas.a. Matrix structureb. Divisional structurec. Functional structured. Hybrid structure.

158. According to the ________ approach to inventory control, materials should arrive just as they are needed in the production process.a. Real time b. Just- in – timec. On time d. Materials

159. A computer –based information system which increases the efficiency and productivity of managers and office workers through document and message processing is known as a/an ______a. Decision support systemb. Management information systemc. Office automation systemd. Transaction processing system

160. The BCG matrix examines the two variables to assess the performance of a firm’s businesses: the growth rate of the industry and _________a. The relative market shareb. Resources requiredc. Return on assetsd. Break – even point

161. Frederick W. Taylor’s approach to management led to the development of ______a. Time – study and motion – studyb. Time study and work studyc. Time and motion study and the piece rate incentive systemd. Work study and Piece rate incentive system

162. ______ aims at regulating organizational activities so that actual performance conforms to expected organizational standards and goals.a. Leading b. Controlling c. Organizing d. Planning

163. ______ are responsible for directing the overall use of a system.a. Data – entry operatorsb. Data- processing managersc. Programmersd. End users

164. Tasks in a flat organizational structure are highly ________a. Independent b. Inter-relatedc. Isolatedd. Restricted

165. Managers use _____ to deal with situations that occur on a regular basis.a. Tactical plansb. Operational plansc. Strategic plansd. Standing plans

166. The process of developing an organization structure is also referred to as _____a. Organization designb. System designc. Structure designd. Process design

167. Organizational behavior’ is a study of _________a. Competitive firmsb. Customers psychology c. Large groupsd. External environment

168. ______--refers to the power to make decisions that guide the actions of another.a. Responsibilityb. Authorityc. Powerd. Delegation

170. _________ are implemented along with the transformation process.a. Feedback control systemsb. Feed forward control systemc. Standard control systemd. Concurrent control systems

171. In ______ managers and subordinates sit together to set objectives in their relevant areas.a. Management by walking aroundb. Management by objectivesc. Management practicesd. Motivational techniques

172. __________ control involves monitoring critical environmental factors that could affect the viability of strategic plans, ensuring that strategic plans are implemented as intended and assessing the effects of organizational strategic plans.a. Tacticalb. Strategicc. Operationald. Organizational

173. Decreasing the role of subordinates in decision – making is known as ______a. Centralizationb. Stabilizationc. Decentralizationd. Delegation of authority

174. Mishra Industries Ltd. Is plagued with certain internal operating problems due to the inefficiency of its top management. If a SWOT analysis of the company was carried out, these problems would be categorized as a ________a. Opportunityb. Strengthc. Weaknessd. Threat

175.. ________ refers to the number of subordinates a superior can supervise efficiently and effectively.a. Span of authority b. Span of controlc. Span of directiond. Span of power

176. A successful fast-food chain had a policy regarding franchising: it would not grant a franchisee to an individual who already owned a fast-food restaurant. The fast-food chain’s policy can be regarded as a _________ plan.a. Single useb. Operationalc. Standingd. Double use