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Taking Hybrid Pigeonpea to the Doorsteps of Farmers. Supported by National Food Security Mission of India. Partnerships. ICRISAT, Patancheru MAU, Parbhani PKV , Akola ARS, Gulbarga GAU, SK Nag ar*. 2007 - 2012. * Very poor cooperation. MAJOR Achievements. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Taking Hybrid Pigeonpea to the Doorsteps
of Farmers
Supported by
National Food Security Mission
of India
PartnershipsICRISAT, Patancheru
MAU, Parbhani
PKV , Akola
ARS, Gulbarga
GAU, SK Nagar*
2007 - 2012* Very poor cooperation
MAJOR Achievements• Two high-yielding hybrids bred• ICPH 2671 released in MP• ICPH 2740 pre-release in AP & Mah• On-station and on-farm testing • Seed prodn technology improved • Seed producers trained• Links with partners developed
Milestones in Research • New CMS lines developed • New fertility (>50) restorers identified • Disease resistant hybrids bred • White seeded hybrids bred • Quality acceptance studies done• Genetic studies (Fr, seed color) done• Agronomy studies undertaken• Physiology studies under way
Promotion of Hybrid ICPH 2671• 160 -180 day maturity
• High yield ; disease resistant
• Adapted to shallow vertisols
• Suitable for pure and intercrop
• Dark seed color ; high quality dal
Recommended for parts of Maharashtra, Jharkhand, and Madhya Pradesh
Performance of ICPH 2671 in MLTs’(43 locations ; 4 years)
Over all performance of ICPH 2671 in ON-FARM TRIALS (2007-2010)State Distt Farmers Mean yield (kg ha-1)
Hybrid Check%Gain
Maha 7 782 969 717 35.1
A. P. 8 399 1411 907 55.6
Karnataka 4 184 1201 951 26.3
Jharkhand 9 288 1460 864 68.9
M. P. 10 360 1940 1326 46.3
Total 2013 1396 953 46.5
ICPH 2671 in OFT’s (Mah)System No.of
demos.Area (ha)
Yield (kg ha-1)
Hybrid Maruti% Gain
Sole crop 637 211 1120* 913 23PP + Maize 87 17 829* 598 39PP + Soy 29 12 1250* 648 93PP + Cottn 21 8 730* 648 13PP + Gr’gm 8 3 916* 779 18Total / Mean 782 251 969* 717 35 %
Locations No of farmers
Area(ha) Yield ( kg ha-1)Hybrid (E) Check
Z R S Darisai 22 2.50 1865 NAK V K Gumla 22 5.00 1130 884KVK Giridih 5 - 1160 NAKVK Garhwa 33 10.0 1680 940KVK Garhwa 38 10.0 1641 910Daltanganj 14 - 1203 725Dumra 54 7.9 1694 NADhanbad 32 - 1843 NAHazaribag 68 - 932 NAGain (69%) 288 35.4 1460 864
OFTs’ of ICPH 2671 in Jharkhand
Ranchi, Jharkhand
• Seven trials were conducted, Data awaited
ICPH 2671
Local
Location ICPH 2671*** Asha(C)
Jabalpur 2310* 1690
Narsinhpur 1950* 1500
Rewa 2870* 1660
Seoni 1525 1487
Raisen 2600* 1400
Harda 1165 1050
Panna 1160* 500
Mean 1940*** 1326% Gain 46% -
Yield of ICPH 2671 in OFTs in MP
Dal recovery in ICPH 2671
Locs Qty (kg)
Akola 532
Solapur 50
ICRISAT 600
Total 1182
Protein : 22% Dal recovery: 70%
Taste, cooking time & flavour: good as variety
In 2010 Hybrid ICPH 2671
released in Madhya Pradesh
asRV ICPH 2671
Hybrids in Myanmar
ICPH 2671 hybrid
“2009 Best Farmer Award” for harvesting bumper crop of ICPH 2671 at Chautukoor, Medak district. Andhra Pradesh
Areas Identified for ICPH 2671Maharashtra- Akola,Solapur,Osmanabad,Washim, Parbhani, Latur and Beed
Madhya Pradesh – Jabalpur, Betul, Indore, Seoni, Narsimpur, Mandla, Rewa, Chattarpur Tikamgarh, HoshangabadKarnataka – Bijapur, and Bidar
Jharkhand – Ranchi, Garhwa, Palamu, Chatra, Giridh, Dumka, Dhanbad and Gumla
Promotion of Hybrid ICPH 2740
• 180 -190 day maturity
• Disease resistant
• High yield
• Adapted to deep vertisols
• Suitable for pure and intercrop
• Brown seed color
• High quality dal
Recommended for parts of Maharashtra, A.P., Karnataka, and Madhya Pradesh
2407
2758
2208
2756
3652
2215
1582 1607
2592
1999
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
2005 2006 2007 2008 MeanYears
Yie
ld k
g ha
-1
ICPH 2740 Asha
37.8%
Performance of ICPH 2740 in MLTs’
(4 Years ; 33 Locations)Asha group hybrid
State Hybrid Asha(C) %gain
MP 1646 1194 37.9
Maha 1643 1224 34.2AP 1063 650 63.5
Mean 1451 1023 41.8
Mean yield of ICPH 2740 in OFTs’
ICPH 2740 in Risod
ICPH 2740 in Basavapur, Medak district
Areas Identified for ICPH 2740
Maharashtra-Amaravati, Jalgaon, Yavatmal, Wardha
Andhra Pradesh- Medak, Rangareddy, Nalgonda, Kurnool, Karimnagar, Nizamabad,Ananthpur and Cuddapah
Madhya Pradesh – Jabalpur, Betul, Indore, Seoni, Narsimpur, Mandla, Rewa, Chattarpur Tikamgarh, Hoshangabad
Karnataka – Gulbarga, Bijapur, Bidar and Raichur
Yield of white seeded hybrids in Gujarat K-2010
Hybrid DF Yield (kg ha-1)
% Gain Disease (%)
wilt SM
ICPH 4119
122 2711 113 10 0
ICPH 4166
106 2686 111 0 0
Maruti ( C) 103 1273 - 5 93
SEm+ 0.7 78.3 - - -
CV(%) 0.9 6.5 - - -
Seed Production
Pre-requisites• Isolation 500 m or more• Presence of pollinator bees• Availability of pollen for extended periods• Inputs- irrigation, fertilizer, insect control
A x R Seed Production
• Row ratio : 4:1 (3:1 or 2:1)
(depending on bee population)
• Spacing : Row to Row .. upto 1 metre
Plant to Plant .. upto 8-12 inch
• Staggering : Sowings deferred by- - 15d
A Hybrid Seed Production Plot
AR A A A R
1M : 4F
R R
BLOCK - 1 …… 15 June
STAGERRING
Areas identified for seed production in Andhra Pradesh
Nizambad (1750)
R.Reddy (1258)
Warangal (1063)
ICRISAT (1100)
yield kg ha-1
Location Area(ha)
Production(kg)
Yield(kg ha-1)
Jabalpur 1.5 2000 1333Indore 0.15 340 2267Rewa 1.0 1740 1740
Katni 3.0 4350 1450
Seoni 1.0 2500 2500
Tikamgarh 5.0 15200 3040
Mean 11.65 26130 2242 *****
Areas Identified for Seed Production in Madhya Pradesh
Hybrid Seed Production Technology
• It is as easy as other crops• Honey bees played important role
• Environment also plays an imp. role• Suitable climate• Production plots surrounded by bushes that
harbor pollinators• water body near plots helps a lot
• Proper agronomy
Problems identified
Inadequate isolation
Non-availability of pollinating insects
Inadequate roguing
Water-logging
Poor crop management
Suggested Improvements in Seed Production Technology
• Fine tune agro practices• Identify suitable areas [thru
pilot seed production programs]
• Train seed producers
• Bee hives if required
Comparative income from seed prdn.Item Variety Hybrid
commercialHy Seed prodn.
Production Cost Rs. 18,490 Rs. 18,450
Rs. 20,160
Grain yields (kg/ha) (approx.)
1000 kg 1500 kg 1000 kg
Seed sale price @ Rs.35/kg @ Rs.35/kg @ Rs.100
Total Rs. 35,000 Rs. 52,500 Rs. 100,000
Income [Rs.] 16,510 34,050 79,390
SEED Quality control• P’pea is a crop of 180-250 d
• Tradl GoT takes more time
• Use of morphological markers (20 -25 days)
• Use of molecular markers
(6 days)
Steps Taken to Produce Pure Hybrid Seed
Prodn of new nucleus seed (P1 x P1)
Strict isolation for breeder seed Multiple rogueing operations Using the purest seed lots Frequent monitoring
Steps taken to produce pure hybrid seed
• Select good seed producers• Training and monitoring• Using molecular markers • Incorporate leaf markers • Avoiding physical mixtures
Normal Normal
Obtuse
Hybrid
Use of Leaf MarkerMale Female
Hybrid
Use of SSR Markers
Looking ahead …
Grow hybrids on
1,00,000 ha (2014)
*******
Looking ahead …
Identify seed producers Organize pilot seed programs in
different areas Training of seed producers Motivate seed companies Follow quality measures
Million $ Question -- can we do it ??
Uni. A x R (ha)
A x B (ha)
B (ha) R (ha) Total (ha)
ANGRAU 10 10 1 1 22PDKV 10 10 1 1 22MAU 10 10 1 1 22RVRS 10 10 1 1 22JNKVV 10 10 1 1 22BAU 10 10 1 1 22Gulbarga 10 10 1 1 22
Total
Plan for 2012 (parent seed multi.)
Uni. A x R (ha) A x B (ha) B (ha) R (ha) Total
ANGRAU 300 10 1 1 312
PDKV 300 10 1 1 312
MAU 300 10 1 1 312
RVRS 300 10 1 1 312
JNKVV 300 10 1 1 312
BAU 300 10 1 1 312
Gulbarga 300 10 1 1 312
Total
2013 season planPlan for 2013 (Hybrid seed prod.)
State Area (ha) Co-ordinator Collaborators Seed producers
AP 20,000 Dr CV Sameer Kumar
DoA, AP NSC, SFCI, APSSDC
Maharashtra 20,000 Dr I A Madrap DoA, MS NSC, SFCI,MSSC
Karnataka 20,000 Dr P Dharmaraj DoA, Kar NSC, SFCI, KSC
MP 1 20,000 Dr AN Tikle DoA, MP NSC, SFCI, MPSC
M P 2 20,000 Dr SK Rao DoA, MP NSC, SFCI,MPSC
Jharkhand 20,000 Dr Z A Haider DoA, Jhar NSC, SFCI
Total 1,20,000
Plan for 2014 (commercial crop)
Note: Seed rate 5 kg/ha
.and the final question ?
CAN WE BREAK THE
YIELD BARRIER IN PIGEONPEA
*******
TARGET 4-5 t / haFarmer Area
(m2)Hy yield (kg ha-1)
Con yield (kg ha-1 )
% Advantage
Kale 450 3956 2044 94
Sataya 1012 3951 2469 60
Chopde 450 4667 3556 31
Shotri 450 3889 2278 71
Crop mgmt, new hybrid, high input are the key
How to achieve the National Goal of self-sufficiency
Develop new high yielding hybridsDevelop hybrids for specific areasHigh level of disease resistanceSeed quality controlAdopt agronomy packageProvide inputsEncourage farmers – good priceHigh quality research back-up
Monitoring of pigeonpea hybrids in Farmers’ fields by NFSM expert Dr RK Gupta 2011
Yes, pigeonpea hybrids are here to stay
Thanks for your attention