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TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF! How to survive the pandemic time?

TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF! - DB Cargo Polska · 6 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF CORONAVIRUS Everybody wants his home to be free from any microbes. It does not necessitate spe-cial efforts. Ordinary,

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Page 1: TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF! - DB Cargo Polska · 6 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF CORONAVIRUS Everybody wants his home to be free from any microbes. It does not necessitate spe-cial efforts. Ordinary,

TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF!How to survive the pandemic time?

Page 2: TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF! - DB Cargo Polska · 6 TAKE CARE OF YOURSELF CORONAVIRUS Everybody wants his home to be free from any microbes. It does not necessitate spe-cial efforts. Ordinary,

TA K E C A R E O F YO U R S E L F2

CORONAVIRUS

CORONAVIRUS, SARS-COV-2, COVID-19

DO MASKS PROVIDE PROTECTION?It has not been proven that wearing a mask protecting mouth and nose significantly lowers the risk of infection for a healthy individual. Further, wearing a mask in the situations where it is not necessary may result in illusion of security.

WHAT IS THE CORONAVIRUS AND WHERE IS ITS NAME DERIVED FROM?Coronaviruses are a big family of viruses that may cause dis-eases in animals and humans. Part of the coronaviruses cause respiratory tract infec-tions in humans, from ordinary cold to very serious diseases like, for example, MERS (Mid-dle East respiratory syndrome) or SARS (Severe acute respira-tory syndrome). The most re-cently discovered coronavirus is SARS-CoV-2 which has just come to Poland.The name of coronaviruses is derived from protein projec-tions on lipid shell of the virus,

creating there structures re-sembling a crown.

IS SARS-COV-2 AND COVID-19 THE SAME?SARS-CoV-2 is the name of the coronavirus, while COVID-19 is the disease caused by this virus (taken from abbreviated English name of Coronavirus Disease 2019).

HOW CAN ONE GET INFECTED WITH THE CORONAVIRUS?The virus is transmitted in droplets – tiny particles invis-ible with naked eye – or by direct contact with secretion of a sick person: sweat, saliva, nose secretion, etc. The virus may be also transmitted into the air together with the ex-hausted air.It is also possible to get infect-ed by direct contact with in-fected surfaces or equipment. It is so, because in favourable conditions the virus may sur-vive, remain alive and infec-tious even for a couple of days.

HOW LONG DOES THE VIRUS INCUBATION LAST?The time of the virus incuba-tion is from 1 to 14 days – this is the time from the infection until manifestation of the first symptoms of the disease. The problem is the fact that an infected person is unknowingly transmitting the virus, even if no symptoms have manifest-ed yet in that person. This is strongly impeding the control of the virus transmission.

WHAT CONDITIONS ARE FAVOURABLE FOR THE VIRUS DEVELOPMENT?The SARS-CoV-2 virus is too little known to determine its specifics. It is hard to assume that lower temperatures and humidity are favourable condi-tions for its development like it is with other coronaviruses, because its expansion in warm-er climates is showing that it is transmitted very quickly also in these environments. Never-theless, there are ideas coming from various scientific circles that high temperature and dry

QUESTIONS WE MOST OFTEN ASK

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 3

GOOD TO KNOW

air may shorten the life span of the virus and impair its abil-ity to infect.

HOW LONG DOES THE VIRUS LIVE IN A CLOSED ROOM?If this is a room where a sick person was staying, the virus may be circulating there with molecules of steam even for several hours. It may also rest on various objects and then, in favourable conditions, survive even longer.

WHAT WAY MAY THE VIRUS PASS WITH WIND? FOR EXAMPLE, MAY IT ENTER OUR HOME THROUGH THE OPEN WINDOW?It is hard to say. However, the less people in the vicinity, the lower risk that the virus will be circulating in the air. That is why maintaining safe distance is mentioned so often.

The probability that the virus will enter our home through the open window is minor, but cannot be excluded. If a sick person starts coughing or sniff-ing under our windows, it may happen that the virus will get into the room.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE?The most frequent symptoms include fever, coughing and respiratory troubles. This is accompanied by general tired-ness and weakness. Some of the patients may also have catarrh, sore throat, muscle pains or diarrhoea. The symp-toms are mild in the beginning and then they are aggravating.

HOW LONG DOES THE COVID-19 THERAPY LAST?The time for curing the patient differs, depending on the gen-

eral condition of the patient and his/her body. Statistics say that it takes from several days up to six weeks. If the vi-rus is attacking lungs and the patient suffers from comorbid-ities, the therapy may appear longer. A cured patient is a patient who is not manifest-ing symptoms of the disease and obtains two successive negative results of lab tests (there is no virus found in the samples) made in at least one day’s interval.

DOES SOAP DISINFECT?Soap and warm water are enough to remove virus from the hands. The condition is that we wash hands very care-fully, repeating this frequently.

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TA K E C A R E O F YO U R S E L F4

CORONAVIRUS

SOAPRecommended for everybody. We should use it as often as possible, following the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines as to the way and time of washing. We need abso-lutely to wash hands before placing ourselves at the desk or other place of work, after leaving the place of work and before eating. At pres-ent it is also recommended to wash hands each time we meet another person (with handshake) even if this person is healthy. Most of the vi-ral infections takes place via hands and their contact with mucous membranes (eyes, mouth, nose). Soap is strongly protecting us not only by physical removal of viruses from the surface of the skin, but also by damaging the lipid sur-face of the virus. Liquid soaps are more recom-mended as they are more hygienic. You do not have to use antibacterial soap.

DISINFECTANTS

Professional disinfectants must be used every time when we suspect contact with infected matter. In practice, these means are first of all for health service personnel, but also for cash-iers who are touching banknotes and coins. We should use disinfecting liquid every time when we leave the place of work or before contact with another person. However, overuse of these chemicals is not the best solution because they irritate skin and damage natural, healthy skin microbiome which constitutes natural barrier protecting against infection. The disinfecting chemicals damage lipid membranes of viruses and denaturate proteins. They act much strong-er than soap.

PERSONAL PROTECTION

EQUIPMENTWHAT AND WHEN WILL WORKPPE (Personal Protective Equipment) is to protect people against hazardous external factors. Protection against biological hazards, like bacteria and viruses is a special form of protective means. We may protect, among other things, skin, mucous membranes, eyes and respiratory tracts. The kind and level of security may differ, depending on specifics of the work and degree of hazard. Each employee must undergo training how to use the PPE’s because in case of biological hazards – under special circumstances – improper use of PPE’s (e.g. taking off protective suits in a wrong way) may even increase the risk of infection.

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 5

GOOD TO KNOW

GLOVES

Gloves (made of latex, nitrile, or vinyl) are physically protecting our hands against con-tact with the infected matter. We use them all the time when working in potentially contami-nated environment (e.g. when working with bio-logical material) but also when washing the ele-ments in public places that many people touch. They help us to limit the usage of disinfectants. The gloves protect us against biological hazards. Thin ones may be used only once and should be changed many times during the day (after each leaving of the place of work). Before using the gloves, wash carefully your hands and after you take off gloves, disinfect your hands. Specialised services may be using thick reusable gloves.

MASKS

Masks should be used when we ourselves may be a potential source of infection (when coughing or sniffing) or when we stay at the place with such a person. At present, masks should be also used in the situation where our job requires staying in the big groups of peo-ple. Because coronavirus is disseminated with droplets, masks are today the most important and popular piece of protective equipment. It is worth to know that the simplest masks (sur-gical) are designated for the sick ones and they do not protect us against infection. Further, we have to know that masks are usually single-use devices, and that they are effective for two hours only, before they become moistened. Fur-ther, they must be taken off with care, because they are potentially infected.

GLASSES AND FACE PROTECTIONOur eyes are very delicate and, therefore, vul-nerable to infections. This is not only because aerosol from the air can get into them. It is also because we unknowingly, frequently rub eyes and nose with our hand. We use glasses and face protections every time we have contact with the infected person (like paramedics), but also when we are dealing with biological material that may be dusting (like e.g. when we are cleaning the room in which an infected per-son stayed).

SUITS

They ensure the highest level of protection. We have to always combine them with the protec-tive masks, glasses, gloves and shoes. They al-low for isolating the whole body from contact with the virus. There are several classes of pro-tective suits. The top class ones are used in lab-oratories and they are 100% leak-proof as there is independent source of air and overpressure in them. Standard suits are mandatory in case of direct contact with a sick person (especial-ly in case of medical personnel).

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CORONAVIRUS

Everybody wants his home to be free from any microbes. It does not necessitate spe-cial efforts. Ordinary, regular cleaning with the use of nor-mal detergents and warm wa-ter will do. Stronger rules will apply to places where germs brought in from the external world may appear, like on shoes or hands. Therefore, it is advis-able to frequently clean door handles, light switches that we touch upon coming back home, or wash the floor where we take off and put our shoes.

Many people are wondering whether the germs may be brought in along with what we bought. It is possible in theo-ry, but the chain of such infec-tion is very complex and long and hence disinfection of pur-chased food or other things is

not so necessary. It is enough to frequently wash hands, es-pecially when preparing food – this will certainly protect us.

The question of better disin-fection of the home or office appears if we are not sure whether the sick persons have stayed in them. Then we have to do something more. And we have to do much more if we are sure that a sick per-son was in a room. Then, we have first all to:● Carefully ventilate the home;● Disinfect surfaces or objects

that the sick person might touch – especially the bath-room, but also light switch-es, door handles, keyboards, telephones;

● Treat dishes and cutlery with steam in a dish washer or in very hot water;

● Wash towels and bedding in high temperature killing mi-crobes (approx. 60oC )

● Take out the trash, in par-ticular paper towels and tis-sues used by the sick person;

● Replace all accessories used by the sick person for per-sonal hygiene, bath sponges and toothbrushes;

● Clean the home thoroughly (floors, wash carpets, rub all surfaces with cleaning agents); then get rid of or at least disinfect or wash in high temperature all cloths and brushes used for the cleaning.

Use traditional cleaning agents and chemicals based on alco-hol for disinfecting purposes.

MY HOME IS MY CASTLE What should we do to remain safe?

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 7

GOOD TO KNOW

All who had contacts with the infected (or potentially in-fected) persons must undergo home quarantine. This is a pre-ventive means aimed at stop-ping transmission of the virus. Since the last weekend, all persons coming to our country are also covered by the quar-antine. Special indication for home quarantine appears in epidemic situations and this is what is actually going on worldwide.

The quarantine consists in temporary isolation of a per-son who may be the virus host. Restriction of the potentially infected person’s contacts is to minimise the risk of dissemi-nating the epidemic. The quar-antine may have various forms and, if necessary, cover all ob-jects (like hotels) of even the whole cities.

In case of home quarantine – which is applied now in Po-land where necessary – it is recommended that persons who might have contacts with the dangerous pathogen ab-solutely stay at home. This is a kind of preventive isolation applied for the people who do not manifest any symptoms of the disease. The quarantine al-lows for monitoring of health

QUARANTINE For whom it is and how does it work

during the time necessary for incubation of the potential vi-rus. In case of coronavirus, the quarantine lasts fourteen days as this is the maximum time from infection to developing the disease. The symptoms of disease that may appear are the signal that it is necessary to contact a specialised med-ical service and public health inspection (SANEPID).

WHAT IS THE HOME QUARANTINE LIKE?Of course, a person under quarantine and his/her fami-ly members living at the same place must not leave the home and contact with other people

(have guests, etc.). Precautions must be absolutely taken, to minimise the risk of transmit-ting the pathogen onto other people. Precautions must be also taken in contacts with oth-er persons who are at home.

It is important to frequently wash hands, disinfect surfac-es that we touch and ventilate the home. We must be careful in case of coughing (cover-ing mouth and then washing hands). It is also important to monitor symptoms, because they may indicate ordinary cold, flu or other infection while being actually disease caused by the coronavirus.

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MOBILE – which is unfortu-nately a habitat for all kinds of microbes. The habit of dis-infecting should remain with us for ever, not only during the epidemic. It is enough to rub the mobile with a piece of cloth soaked with warm water and soap. Of course, we shouldn’t use the mobiles while eating. If we use it frequently and dis-infection is impossible at the moment, we should simply wash our hands after talking on the phone.

GLASSES – this is also an ob-ject that we touch very often, not always with just washed hands. And we wear glasses on our nose, close to the eyes. Therefore, let’s remember to wash our glasses often, in water with detergent, or with the of use special tissue for cleaning glasses.

JEWELRY – we like it very much, but let us better leave it in the jewel case for the time of the epidemic. Rings, bracelets, watches – all these things (like our hands) have contact with germs and thorough disinfec-tion of e.g. a watch on leather belt or openwork bracelet is difficult. Therefore, it is better to give up wearing jewellery or other decorations.

DOG OR CAT – well, we know that SARS-CoV-2 does not infect our pets, but it does not mean that they may not be used for carrying the virus attached

to a dirty leash, collar, coat or paw. If we have a pet, we must remember to adhere to the rule of washing our hands after playing with him. Also, if possible, we need to take care of hygiene of the animal.

CAR – like door handles at our home, cars also have places where viruses feel well. These places include steering wheel, gear stick and knob, switches, turn light levers. We need to clean them more often. It’s true that it is difficult to keep them ideally clean and therefore, let us wash hands after getting out of the car and let us refrain from eating or touching our fac-es while driving.

SHOPPING – well, we have to do them one day. We have to avoid crowds and long queues of people standing close to one another. Let our stay at a shop be as short as possible. If we have a choice to buy food “in bulk” or already packed, let us take the packed food, in one piece rather than cut into slices (in case of cold cuts, meat, and cheese).

PRODUCTS BROUGHT FROM A SHOP – in theory, we risk bringing home virus attached to a product that was placed on a shelf. However, it is not nec-essary to undertake any special disinfection procedures. Wash-ing hands after we touched a package is enough to cut off a chain of virus transmission.

SHOES – we have to absolute-ly take off the shoes when we come home. There is no telling what we bring in on the sole! Keep the floor clean. Water and detergent will be enough to provide security.

OUTWEAR – it must be al-ways clean! It is not something exceptional and for the time of epidemic only. Anyway, it is worthwhile to change and clean the outwear often, especially if we are among the people or use public transport.

COURIER PACHAGES AND REGULAR MAIL – pick up and receive them as usual, simply postpone happy talks and shak-ing hands with postmen and couriers until safer times come. After you open the package, throw it out and then – if pos-sible – wash the content and then wash your hands again. It is crucial to wash hands very carefully.

USAGE OF PUBLIC BATH-ROOMS – this may happen. It is important to keep the pre-cautions in such places. Apart from what we are doing as usual, we need to avoid using of hot air driers. All of them should be switched off now, but do not use them even if they are not. Take paper towel or tissues or simply wait until your hands are dry.

WHAT SHALL WE DO WITH THE...

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 9

GOOD TO KNOW

The best way is to offer them the feeling that they regain control – this is a psychological trick, but very easy to do. It is enough to en-trust both children and the elder ones with certain duties which will make them involved in controlling of the current situation. It does not have to be anything big! Everyday duties will do, like e.g. regular cleaning of kitchen tops or door handles. Of course, we have to explain them that is really needed and important in the situation we are all in.

WHAT IF CHILDREN START ASKING QUESTIONS?Well, first of all, do not provoke touching on these topics if not necessary, but also do not avoid discussion when the topic emerges. We need to talk freely and openly of our emo-tions, also of worries and medicines. Children are watching us, listening to the news and know exactly what is going on. Unfortunately, they do not understand everything. Instead of explain-ing what is happening and giving information it is better to encourage children to ask ques-tions and then to give them true and honest answers. Then, the children will obtain from us the information that they want to know. We will explain them what they do not under-stand, without loading them with redundant information they are not looking for by them-selves. Unfortunately, there may be questions whether we will get sick or even die. We do not

FAMILY MATTERSThe current situation may be difficult to understand and accept by all of us, but the poorest at managing this are the youngest and oldest ones among us. It’s nothing untypical, such persons slowly encounter the feeling of lack of control over the situation. What can we do then?

know, and what’s more, we ask such questions ourselves. And this is the way of answering our children’s questions. At the same time, we have to ensure them that we are doing everything to avoid getting sick and use such talks to prepare the children to care of their security also by themselves.

WHAT IF THE OLD ONES KNOW BETTER? Our grandparents. The beloved ones, but having their habits and customs which is so difficult to change. Morning walks for fresh rolls or newspapers have become rituals that have not been changed for years. Some of grandparents do not want to listen to our arguments and requests to stay at home. A good method is the above mentioned trick of giving them tasks that will help them to stop thinking of their worries or seeking contacts with external world among their acquaintance from a small shop nearby. It is worthwhile to remind the old ones of val-ues which are very important for old genera-tion. Stress that your elder ones are very, very important and that you wish them to stay with you for many years. They need to be in good health to meet this need of yours and there-fore, they should care of their health and pro-tect themselves by staying at home!

Anna Robak-Mielczarska Psychologist

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CORONAVIRUS

HOW TO WASH HANDS IN A PROPER WAYWashing hands is one of the most effective ways of preventing transmis-sion of viruses, inclusive of SARS-CoV-2 (see page 8).

The scientists analysed 22 research projects on human coronaviruses and found out that the chance of virus survival on surfaces is decreasing in the temperature of 30-40oCand in contact with soap.

Unfortunately, we wash hands too ra-rely and usually not in a proper way. We tend to forget that more microbes can be found on external part of the hand and that when washing hands we are most frequently failing to re-move them from thumbs and nails.

Source https://gis.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Jak-myć-ręce.png

HOW TO DISINFECT HANDS IN A PROPER WAY

Agent that contains at least 60% of alcohol may be used for disinfection. We have to remember that excessi-ve disinfection is not recommended either and that this method needs to be used only when necessary (see page 8).

Source https://gis.gov.pl/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/ulotka-dezynfekcja_ra%cc%a8k.pdf

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 11

GOOD TO KNOW

The situation that occurred makes us restrict contacts with other people. The recommendations refer to health service centres as well.These are shifting into so-called e-consultations.

CHILDREN HEALTH REVIEWS POSTPONED UNTIL APRIL 30The children health reviews made in order to check whether the child develops well have been postponed until April 30 by decision of the national paediatrics consultant.

CHILDREN VACCINATIONS STILL RECOMMENDEDAccording to the applicable rules all vaccinations have been cancelled in order to limit the risk of infection among infants and their parents.

MEDICAL CONSULTATION WITH FAMILY DOCTOR OR SPECIALISTThe Chief Sanitary Inspection and Minister of Health recommend restricting medical consultations and visiting medical service centres. If the visit was planned in advance several weeks or months ago, it is suggested to use teleconsultation. Teleconsultation is a possibility to talk with a doctor on the phone. During teleconsultation a doctor may issue sick-leave or e-prescription for medicines. If medical consultation is not necessary, postpone it until a later time.

PROBLEMS WITH TEETHMore and more stomatologists decide to close their facilities for certain undefined period of time. Regardless of that, all stomatologists have applied special precautions for some time now; for example, all patients are requested to wash hands. Nevertheless, this is not a good time for a stomatological visit. If your condition is not critical, wait with the visit until the situation comes back to normal.

DOCTORS ONLINE

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Ordinary soap is effective in the fight against the virusYes, this is the most important and the most effective line of defence against infection. We do not have to buy anti-bacterial soap at any price, because the surfactants present in the soap that are damaging delicate lipid shell of the virus are the most impor-tant substances we need.

Disinfection of surfaces makes sense, though the virus is transmitted by dropletsThe virus on flat surfaces (like desks, keyboards, or door handles) may re-main active for several hours, some-times even up to a week. For infection it is enough that we first touch the infected surface and then, unwillingly or even without noticing it, touch our eyes, mouth or nose. Therefore, surfac-es that we touch must be disinfected.

We cannot get infected via foodUp to date, no case of SARS-CoV-2 in-fection via food has been confirmed. Nevertheless, scientists recommend careful washing of fruits and vegeta-bles and appropriate cooking of meat (the virus dies after thirty minutes in the temperature of 60°C).

Common sense and precautions protect usThe virus of flu attacks approximately 10-20% of the population every year. The infection ratio is said to double of that in case of SARS-CoV-2, but that means that probably less than half of us will get infected. The persons who care of hygiene and avoid contacts with sick people, have pretty good chance to avoid infection and disease.

FACTS

CORONAVIRUS SARS-CoV-2

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GOOD TO KNOW

You may get infected by a dogThough, as media say, the case of one coronavirus infected dog was con-firmed, as at today there is no evidence that this phenomenon is wide and that people may get infected by dogs.

Visit at a sauna kills all virusesNo, because the temperature in the in-side of your body will be still 36.6°C. Even high fever is not especially dan-gerous for the virus, and hence sauna is certainly not the method of therapy.

The epidemic will disappear when the temperature of air growsThere is no evidence to date that the virus will cease to exist in the sum-mer. However, there are some hopes that UV radiation of the sun will cause that the virus will remain active on sur-faces for shorter time and that the peo-ple will stay indoors for a shorter time.

Mosquitoes may transmit the SARS-CoV-2 virusThere is no evidence for that as at to-day and it is very unlikely to happen. The virus transmits by droplets and this method is much more effective from its point of view.

Drinking alcohol protects you against infectionAbsolutely not! Actually, drinking al-cohol increases the risk of infection because it impairs immunological and respiratory systems.

MYTHS

CORONAVIRUS SARS-CoV-2

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The most exposed persons are those who have direct contact with the sick ones, in particu-lar medical service. Contact with biological material from an infected person is hazardo-us as well and so, all persons working at analytical labora-tories or cleaning personnel in places where a sick person stayed must be particularly ca-reful.

A separate group is comprised of persons who are meeting larger groups of people every day due to their work, like e.g. shop assistants, pharmacists working at pharmacies, couriers, receptionists at office buildings, etc. Also, persons

ESPECIALLY EXPOSED

dealing with cash (cashiers) or clothing (laundry personnel) must be careful. The risk is estimated as product of the risk of infection and number of contacts with potential source of infection.

A separate problem is that certain people present much higher risk of infection due to their health condition. In par-ticular, these are persons with lowered immunity e.g. in result of recent infection, or taking immunosuppressive medicines (transplants, cancer, autoim-munological diseases). Im-munity is also lowered by i.a. stimulants, stress, lack of sleep or wrong diet.

Groups of COVID-19 increased risk people are identified based on the specifics of the job, but also depending on age and general health condition.

Elderly people and pregnant women should be especially careful as well, as the risk of disease is very high for them. Further, severe course of CO-VID-19 disease may happen in humans with chronic re-spiratory diseases (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), circulatory diseases (overpressure, cardiovascular failure) and metabolic pro-blems like diabetes.

All persons from the increased risk group due to their health condition should avoid poten-tial sources of infection and pay special attention to pre-venting infection.

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H OW TO S U RV I V E T H E PA N D E M IC T I M E ? 15

GOOD TO KNOW

Let is begin from telling you that there is no medicine against COVID-19! There is no vaccine either. There are experimental pharmacologi-cal therapies and one medi-cine registered in Poland as “auxiliary”. There are expe-riments with medicines used for fighting HIV and flu viru-ses, but none of them is curing the SARS-CoV-2 viral infection.

Today, the treatment is symp-tom-based only, which means in practice that the doctors try to give our body chance to cure itself and support the therapy by, e.g. supporting breathing with respirators if necessary.

Unfortunately, there is no exi-sting evidence that popular medicines and diet supple-ments used for increasing im-munity in other viral diseases like flu or herpes, may prevent us in any way from developing COVID-19. Neither so popu-lar vitamin C nor even medi-cines prescribed by a doctor will help. And, especially, none of the expensive “inventions” sold in the Internet will help.

UNDER PHARMACIST’S EYE

Does it mean that we should pass by pharmacies without even looking at them? Partly so, because it is very easy to meet someone sick at a pharmacy and get infected this way. But of course, in some situation you cannot avoid visiting a pharma-cy. It is in particular so, because approximately 80% of the infec-ted persons develop mild form of COVID-19 which is similar to ordinary flu and does not make it necessary to go to a hospital. Certainly, you will need then medicines for fever and co-ughing. When the infection alre-ady happens, it may be useful to take vitamin C supplements but generally that is all.

Generally, appropria-te diet and healthy sleep are necessary for reinforcing the immu-nological system and preventing infection.

It is always advisable to spend active time outdoor (unless we are in quarantine). We supple-

ment vitamins only in such si-tuations if we have deficiencies - especially vitamin D which needs sun for the synthesis and our exposure to the sun is low nowadays. If our diet is low in fruits and vegetables, we may take multivitamin prepara-tions.

We buy medicines at phar-macies only, and when taking medicines we try to avoid sup-plements and homeopathic preparations. Certainly, we should not buy any prepara-tions in the Internet, outside of pharmacies. 99% of prepa-rations sold in the net outside of pharmacies are ordinary frauds. We will not only lose our money. We will never be sure whether what we take is not harmful for us.

It is always good to ask your pharmacists for advice. They are educated and experienced indeed and usually share their knowledge with the people who ask for it.

Rafał Myrta, M.Sc. (Pharm)

The COVID-19 pandemic changed in one day the world in which we areliving. This is a disease of unprecedented infectiousness and severecourse in quite a big proportion of the sick ones.The pharmacies experience recently a real rush of worried people whowant to buy something that may help them in this situation.However, such buying is not thought through.

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Dear Sirs/Madams,The current epidemic state is not an easy situ-ation to all of us. All of a sudden we were forced to face new challenges and difficulties we need to overcome.

Driven by care for our employees, customers and business partners and the entire domestic and world economy as well, we take all efforts that would allow us to go through this peculiar, full of duties time together.

Care for the social, economic and natural environment is nothing new to DB Cargo Polska. Since several years we have measured our im-pact on the environment and take actions that support our stakeholders.

Today, we focus our attention particularly on the society because this is people who are directly affected by the COVID-19 wave. Their health and life will condition the further cour-se of events that would shape the post epidemic world.

Today, we focus our attention particularly on the society because this is people who are directly affected by the COVID-19 wave. Their health and life will condition the further cour-se of events that would shape the post epidemic world.

Best regards,

Steffen Bobsien Chief Executive Officer of DB Cargo Polska

DB Cargo Polska Zabrze, March 2020

DESIGN AND EDITION: Management Board and Communication Bureau, DB Cargo PolskaMEDICAL CONSULTANT: lek. med. Arkadiusz Krupiński PHARMACOLOGICAL CONSULTANT: mgr Rafał Myrta PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSULTANT: mgr Anna Robak-Mielczarska