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Taekwondo

Student Handbook White Belt 10th Kup

Copyright © James Seaman 2017

Contents

Purpose of this Handbook ..................................................................................................... 1

Definition of Taekwondo ....................................................................................................... 1

Taekwondo oath ................................................................................................................... 1

Student’s oath ....................................................................................................................... 1

Tenets ................................................................................................................................... 2

Uniform ................................................................................................................................ 3

Belts and Grades ................................................................................................................... 4

Conduct in the Dojang ........................................................................................................... 5

Belt Meaning ......................................................................................................................... 6

Pattern Meaning ............................................................................................................... 6

Saju Jirugi .................................................................................................................................. 6

How to Tie Your Belt ............................................................................................................. 7

Stances................................................................................................................................ 11

Charyot Junbi Sogi (Attention Stance) ............................................................................. 12

Narani Junbi Sogi (Parallel Ready Stance) ........................................................................ 13

Gunnun Sogi (Walking Stance) ......................................................................................... 14

Annun Sogi (Sitting stance) .............................................................................................. 15

Target Areas ........................................................................................................................ 16

Theory................................................................................................................................. 17

Line Work ........................................................................................................................ 17

Counting ......................................................................................................................... 17

Body Parts ........................................................................................................................... 18

Hand Parts (Sang Basin) ................................................................................................... 18

Son .......................................................................................................................................... 18

Joomuk .................................................................................................................................... 18

Ap Joomuk ............................................................................................................................... 18

Palmok .................................................................................................................................... 19

An Palmok ............................................................................................................................... 19

Bakat Palmok ........................................................................................................................... 19

Foot Parts (Habansing) .................................................................................................... 20

Bal ........................................................................................................................................... 20

Ap Kumchi ............................................................................................................................... 20

Kicks(Chagi) ..................................................................................................................... 21

Front Rising Kick (Ap cha olligi)................................................................................................ 21

Attacking Tool .......................................................................................................................... 21

Ball of the foot (ap kumchi) ...................................................................................................... 21

Front Kick (Ap chagi) ................................................................................................................ 21

Punches........................................................................................................................... 22

Jirugi ........................................................................................................................................ 22

Saju Jirugi (4 directional punch) ....................................................................................... 23

Variations on Saju Jirugi .................................................................................................. 33

Grading Revision Sheets ...................................................................................................... 34

10th Kup (white belt)........................................................................................................ 34

White Belt (10th Kup) Grading ............................................................................................ 36

Pilsley Student Handbook

Page | 1

Purpose of this Handbook This handbook contains reference material for a white belt (10th kup) student. All of the content within this text will be discussed during your training sessions as a white belt. There is a lot of background information over and above the minimum requirements for a white belt so you do not need to remember everything in here. Definition of Taekwondo Taekwondo is a Korean unarmed self-defence martial art. Taekwondo translates to:

Tae Kwon Do

Jumping/flying or kick/smash with the foot Fist, principally to punch or destroy with the hand/fist ‘Art’, ‘way’ or ‘method’

It is commonly translated to ‘The Art of Kicking and Punching’. Taekwondo oath The Taekwondo oath is said at the beginning of each class: As a student of Taekwondo, I do solemnly pledge to abide by the rules and regulations of the Taekwondo Association, to strive always to be modest, courteous and respectful to all members, in particular my seniors, to put the art into use only for self defence or in defence of the weak and never to abuse my knowledge of the art. Student’s oath The student’s oath is an older oath that some people still use: I shall observe the tenets of Taekwondo I shall respect my instructors and seniors I shall never misuse Taekwondo I shall be a champion of freedom and justice I shall build a more peaceful world


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Tenets There are 5 ‘tenets’ which are at the heart of Taekwondo, you should be able to recite the 5 tenets that Taekwondo aims to achieve, these are:

Courtesy, Integrity, Perseverance, Self Control, Indomitable Spirit Meanings of the tenets are:

1. Courtesy (Ye Ui) – Respect for oneself and others especially seniors 2. Integrity (Yom Chi) – Honour, honesty and knowledge of right and wrong 3. Perseverance (In Nae) – Tenacity is essential to becoming a good student 4. Self-Control (Guk Gi) – Never misuse the art and control your emotions 5. Indomitable Spirit (Baekjul Boolgool)– Holding steadfast even against seemingly

insurmountable odds These serve you well in your daily life as well as in practicing of this martial art. Taekwondo can be seen as a way of life as well as a form of exercise and self-defence.


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Uniform The suit worn by students (Jeja) is called a Dobok and is designed to be hardwearing and also give freedom of movement. It will usually identify the governing bodies that the club is affiliated to. No jewellery should be worn whilst training.

Dobok

Your belt is called a ti in Korean.

Colour belts (Ti)


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Belts and Grades Kup or gup is used to refer to colour belt students. There are 10 belts before the coveted black, these are:

10th kup White 9th kup Yellow tag/stripe 8th kup Yellow 7th kup Green tag/stripe 6th kup Green 5th kup Blue tag/stripe 4th kup Blue 3rd kup Red tag/stripe 2nd kup Red 1st kup Black tag/stripe

After 1st kup there are nine degrees or dans of black belt. The minimum training time is three and a half years to obtain a first degree black belt. The time between gradings as a black belt is based on the dan you are aspiring to e.g. you wait 4 years to take your 4th degree, 7 years for your 7th degree etc. The original description of black belt ranks from General Choi are:

1st to 3rd novice black belts or National Instructors 4th to 6th Experts or International Instructors 7th and 8th Masters 9th Grand master

There is only one 9th degree (grand master) per organisation, initially this was Grandmaster Choi Hong Hi the father and founder of Taekwondo but after his death, the ITF split into a number of groups claiming to be the original form which led to the promotion of numerous Grandmasters. The first student to be promoted to grand master by General Choi was Grand Master Rhee Ki Ha. The TAGB has a single 9th degree black belt, Grand Master David Oliver who was promoted by CK Choi one of the original pioneers of Taekwondo. Nine is significant because it is the highest single digit number and also 3 is a highly esteemed number in the Orient (3x3 making 9).


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Conduct in the Dojang

The moment you enter the Dojang (training hall), you should conduct yourself as a

Taekwondo student. Bow on entry and exit and address your peers in the proper manner.

Senior grades should be referred to as sir or ma’am or using their surname e.g. Mr Seaman.

No jewellery should be worn when training, if you are unable to remove an item e.g. a new

earring or wedding ring, you must tape over it to prevent it getting caught and harming

yourself or others.

Always be considerate to your fellow students’ needs and the space they are working in.


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Belt Meaning

White

White signifies innocence as that of a beginning student who has no previous knowledge of Taekwondo

Pattern Meaning

Saju Jirugi (14 moves) 4-directional punch - you should know that this is an exercise and has no meaning


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How to Tie Your Belt There is a clearly defined method to tying a belt in Taekwondo, follow the steps below:

Fold the belt into two equal halves. Place the centre of the belt on your belly button.

Wrap the belt all the way around your left hand side.

Then wrap the belt over the top around your right hand side.


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Keep a small amount of tension on the belt at this stage.

Place the left hand side on top of the right.

Push the right hand tail up through the back of the belt as shown


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Ensure the two ends are the same length when loosely held in front of you. If needed, you can adjust the belt by slackening it and then pulling on one side.

Once the lengths are equal, place the right hand side over the left hand side as shown.

Complete the knot by pulling the right hand side up through the hole you created.


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Pull the belt sharply to finish the knot.

Ensure the knot is pointing to your left and that the lengths are equal then you have finished.


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Stances Stances are the position of your feet when executing a move. You will learn many stances on your Taekwondo journey and you should be able to identify the type of stance you are in. For example, a right walking stance is with the right leg forward, a left L stance is with the left leg back. The rules for understanding your stance are: If the weight distribution is equal then the front leg dictates the stance type. If there is a greater proportion of weight on one leg then this leg dictates the stance type. If the weight distribution is equal and neither leg is in front then there is no right/left stance.

At white belt you will learn 4 stances as detailed in the following pages.


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Charyot Junbi Sogi (Attention Stance)

This is a full-facing stance.

- Keep the heels together - Point both feet out at 45 degrees - Even (50/50) weight distribution - Fists should drop naturally by your side

with the elbows slightly bent

- Make sure the eyes face forwards above

horizontal - To bow (Kyong-Ye), bend 15 degrees and

keep your eyes fixed in front


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Narani Junbi Sogi (Parallel Ready Stance)

This is a full-facing stance.

- Feet should face directly forward - Even weight distribution between legs - There should be one shoulder width

between the little toes as shown - Both fists are held in a relaxed manner in

front of the abdomen

- Keep the elbows out from the floating ribs - The upper arms should protrude at 30

degrees from the body - The forearms are slightly more bent at

around 40 degrees


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Gunnun Sogi (Walking Stance)

This is either a full-facing or half-facing stance

- One and a half shoulder widths long

between the big toes as shown - Even weight distribution - The front leg should be bent until the knee is

in line with the heel - Keep the back leg straight and make sure

both heels are on the floor

- One shoulder width wide between the

centre of the feet - The toes on the front foot should point

forward, the back toes point out 25 degrees - Tense the feet by pulling the legs inwards

slightly - In a walking ready stance (as shown), the

fists are approximately 30cm from the thighs with elbows bent at 30 degrees


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Annun Sogi (Sitting stance)

This is a full-facing stance

- Maintain one and a half shoulder widths between the big toes

- Even weight distribution between legs - Keep both feet facing directly forward - Bend the knees until they are over the

balls of the feet - Pull inwards with the feet to tense the

thighs/adductor muscles - Pull back the hips and push out the

chest/abdomen


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Target Areas

i. Nopunde (high section) is above the shoulders and in training this is typically aimed at eye level

ii. Kaunde (middle section) is shoulder level to belt level and the target area is normally shoulder height

iii. Najunde (low section) is below the belt with a typical target area of the navel.

You should be able to perform obverse (baro) and reverse (bandae) techniques.


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Theory

Line Work

You will start to get used to hearing the following words in your class but there is no need to learn them directly: Si jak Start

Goman Stop

Barrol Return to ready position

Haessan Dismissed

Apro Kaggi Moving forwards

Dwiyro Kaggi Moving backwards

Dwiyro Torro Turn around

Momtong Bachia Press Ups

Hae Chyo Break

Counting

You should be able to count from 1 (Hana) to 10 (Yol)

1 - Hana 2 - Dool 3 – Set 4 – Net 5 – Daset 6 – Yasot 7 – Ilgop 8 - Yodul 9 - Ahop 10 – Yol


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Body Parts

Hand Parts (Sang Basin)

Son Hand

Joomuk Fist. How to make a fist:

Roll the first and second knuckles tightly towards the palm

Fold the third knuckles over and lay the thumb across

Ensure the wrist is not bent and correct knuckles are used (see below for forefist)

Ap Joomuk Forefist


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Palmok Forearm

An Palmok Inner forearm

Bakat Palmok Outer forearm


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Foot Parts (Habansing)

Bal Foot

Ap Kumchi Ball of foot


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Kicks(Chagi)

Front Rising Kick (Ap cha olligi)

Attacking Tool

Ball of the foot (ap kumchi)

Lock the knee joint and keep the leg straight, pull the toes back when

kicking

Front Kick (Ap chagi)

Front snap kick (Ap cha busigi)

Attacking Tool

Ball of the foot (ap kumchi) Instep (baldung) Toes (balkut) Knee (moorup)

The knee lifts up high so the lower half of the leg

is kicking forwards not upwards


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Punches

Jirugi Punch

Keep the shoulders square and punch in the centre of the body at shoulder height (for middle section). The triangle between your shoulders and fist and strength to this technique.


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Saju Jirugi (4 directional punch)

Strictly speaking this is not a pattern, it is an exercise. That said, it is the first sequence of moves learnt by the beginner and is therefore described as though it were a true pattern below It is worth practicing left and right walking stances as well as the punch and block in line work before you introduce the pivoting required for this pattern. Don’t try to move too quickly through your training, slow and steady will lead to good foundations and make you a better martial artist in the long term.

Narani junbi sogi

0 You can start in either a parallel ready stance or with the left fist up. The latter is useful for teaching a beginner to step forward and punch with the right hand first so is usually used when teaching white belts only. Note that you primarily use one leg when moving, the other leg simply pivots. We normally attack with the right hand first because most people are right handed. When we block, we normally use the left side first.

Narani so kaunde ap joomuk ap Jirugi


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1 The chamber position requires you to drop the right hip backwards slightly which allows you to throw it forward and generate power with your hip twist. Your punching hand should be placed on your hip prior to executing the punch. The left hand should be extended prior to punching so that it can pull back as a reaction arm.

Gunnon so kaunde ap joomuk ap jirugi

Step the right leg forwards into walking stance front punch. After executing the punch your shoulders should be facing forwards (neither shoulder in front of the other). The puching hand should be at the same height as your shoulders and in the centre of the body whilst the other hand’s fist should rest on the hip as shown. Both hands twist 180 degrees at the very end of the technique. Don’t forget to use your breath control at the end of the technique as well.

2 To chamber, bring the right leg back towards you and bend the arm that was punching. Rotate on the ball of the foot one quarter turn anticlockwise. Bring your reaction hand up from your hip and place it inside the elbow joint as shown. Note the hips should be an eighth of a turn from the final blocking position. This is true of most techniques in all the patterns, work backwards an eighth of a turn from the final position to find the chamber for the hips.


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Gunnon so bakat palmok najunde makgi

Step the right leg backwards into a left walking stance and perform an outer forearm low block. The blocking arm should be almost straight (not completely as this can stress the elbow joint) and just above the front leg. If it is resting on the leg then you will not be blocking the attacking tool (e.g. a front kick) before it hits you. Again, the reaction hand pulls back onto the hip, the shoulders should be square and the back straight. The back leg is straight in a walking stance and the front leg is bent slightly as shown. Make sure your back foot doesn’t point out to the side.

3 Chamber a punch with the right hand by placing it on the hip whilst extending the left (previously the blocking arm) to act as a reaction arm. As usual, the hips are an eighth of a turn from the final position when the technique is performed.

Gunnon so ap joomuk kaunde ap jirugi

Step the right leg forward into a right walking stance and execute a middle section front punch. The reaction arm rests on the hip.

4


Page | 26

Pivot anticlockwise again (one quarter turn) and chamber the hands as before for move number 3.


Step the right leg backwards forming a left walking stance and perform a low block. You will notice you are just repeating the same sequence of punch then block throughout this initial exercise. You are also learning to do a ‘step turn’ where you pivot on the ball of one foot.

5 Bring the right leg forward and chamber a punch with the right hand.


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Gunnon so ap joomuk kaunde ap kirugi

Step forwards into a right walking stance with a middle section punch.

6

Pull the right leg back and pivot one quarter turn anticlockwise and chamber another low block. Note the blocking hand for a low block is on the inside and the reaction arm goes on the outside.

Step the right leg back into a left walking stance and perform the low block.



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7 Chamber a punch with the right hand.


Then step forwards with the right leg into a right walking stance with a final middle section punch. This is the half-way point for Saju Jirugi, you now have to perform the reverse i.e. punching with the left hand and blocking with the right. You also spin in the opposite direction.

Narani so ap joomuk kaunde ap jirugi

8 Leaving the right arm extended, bring the right foot in to a parallel stance turning one quarter turn so that you are facing in the same direction that you started performing the pattern.

9 Now chamber a punch with the left hand just as you did with the right hand in step 1.


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Step forwards and land in a left walking stance whilst performing a middle section front punch with the left hand.

10 Bring the left foot backwards and pivot on the ball of the right foot in a clockwise direction one quarter turn. Chamber the hands for a low block with the right arm.


Step the left leg back into a right walking stance and perform a low section block.

11 Chamber a punch with the left hand (as always, keep the left hip pulled back slightly so it can add power on the arrack).


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Step the left leg forwards into a left walking stance and punch.

12 Bring the left leg towards the right, pivot one quarter turn and prepare for a low block with the right arm.


Step the left leg back forming a right walking stance and execute the low block.


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13 Bring the left leg forwards and chamber a left hand punch.


Continue to step forwards and form a left walking stance with a middle punch.

14 Pull the left leg backwards and chamber a low block, pivot one quarter turn clockwise.


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Step the left leg back to form a right walking stance whilst executing a low section block.

15 Chamber the final punch of the pattern and pull the left leg forwards (keeping that hip back one eighth of a turn).


Step forwards and form a left walking stance whilst executing a middle section punch. As this is the last move we perform, we also give a loud ki ap to show that we have finished.


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Narani junbi sogi

Completion Once you have finished the exercise (or any of the patterns) you are normally instructed to return to your initial ready position. If you have performed the techniques well using correct stances then you should land on the same spot that you started. As a colour belt, you always move the last leg that moved in the pattern towards the other leg. The only exception to this is the black stripe pattern joong moo.

Variations on Saju Jirugi

Once you have mastered the preceding set of moves (‘number 1 way’), you can change the low block for a middle block (‘number 2 way’). As a white belt this is performed with the outer forearm for simplicity but after white belt you perform ‘number 2 way’ with the inner forearm. A final variant is saju makgi which uses a knifehand block instead of a punch (you step backwards with the right leg into a knifehand low block as the first move) and an inner forearm middle block instead of an outer forearm low block. You can get inventive and make your own 4-directional movements including kicks and thrusts as your training progresses.


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Grading Revision Sheets 10th Kup (white belt)

Patterns up to:

Saju Jirugi (Four direction punch) and saju makgi

Sparring: None

Theory: Basic

- You must be able to identify your name, rank and instructor

<Your name>, 10th Kup, James Seaman 3rd Degree

- The meaning of “Taekwondo”:

Tae Jumping/flying or kick/smash with the foot Kwon Fist, principally to punch or destroy with the hand/fist

Do ‘Art’, ‘way’ or ‘method’

- TAGB is the Taekwondo Association of Great Britain

- Punch – Jirugi

- Forefist - Ap joomuk

- Front rising kick - Ap cha olligi

- Outer forearm block – Bakat palmok makgi

- Spot turning - Gujari Dolgi - Obverse (baro) and reverse (bandae) - Describe low (najunde), middle (kaunde) and high (nopunde)

sections

- You are a jeja who trains in a dojang wearing a dobok and a ti

- Know the tenets of Taekwondo:

Courtesy, integrity, perseverance, self-control, indomitable spirit

- Meaning of the colour white:

White signifies innocence as that of a beginning student who has no

previous knowledge of Taekwondo

- Count to 10 in Korean

Hana, dool, set, net, daset, yasot, ilgop, yodol, ahop, yol

- Show how to make a proper fist


Page | 35

Advanced

These are items that an advanced student can learn early on:

- Some Korean words you should know for your line work: o Start (Si-Jak) and stop (Goman) o Return to ready stance - Barrol o Dismissed - Haessan o Turn Around - Dwiryo Torro o Backwards (Dwiyro Kaggi) and forwards (Apro Kaggi )

- Understand how the system of belts / kups works

- Grandmaster Major General Choi Hong Hi (9th dan) was the

founder of TKD

Techniques - Perform press ups (10), sit ups (10) and squats (10)

- Walking stance front punch - gunnun so ap jirugi - Sitting stance front punch - Annun so ap jirugi - Walking stance outer forearm block - Gunnun so bakat palmok makgi - Walking stance inner forearm block - Gunnun so an palmok makgi - Walking stance low knifehand block – Gunnun so najunde sonkal

makgi - Front rising kick (leg raising exercise) – Ap cha olligi

Stances You should be able to perform and describe each of the following:

1. Attention stance (Charyot sogi)

Heels together at 45 degree angle, 50/50 weight distribution 2. Walking stance (Gunnon sogi)

1 shoulder width between the centre of the feet, 1.5 shoulder widths long, 50/50

3. Sitting stance (Annun sogi) 1.5 shoulder widths from big toes, 50/50 weight distirbution

4. Parallel ready stance (Narani junbi sogi) 1 shoulder width from the little toes, 50/50 weight distribution

5. L stance (Niunja sogi) 2.5cm gap between heels, 1/5 shoulder widths long, 70/30 weight on the back leg


Page | 36

White Belt (10th Kup) Grading

State your name and grade Put your left leg out into Sitting Stance and perform 10 punches (counting out loud) Perform 10 front rising kicks with each leg Perform 10 press ups Step forwards in a walking stance performing middle punch Step backwards in a walking stance performing outer forearm low block Step forwards in a walking stance performing low block then a reverse punch Step backwards in a walking stance performing outer forearm middle block then a reverse punch Perform Saju Jirugi method 1 (low block) Perform Saju Jirugi method 2 (middle block)

Documents

Taekwondo - Welcome to NottsTKD, start your journey into ...nottstkd.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/10th-kup.pdf · Kicks(Chagi) ... the Taekwondo Association, to strive always to