Table 1c - Bowel Screening Wales · Web view4.2% of all Faecal Occult Blood (FOB) test kits were validated with an equivocal result, these participants were sent the Immunochemical

Screening Division of Public Health Wales BSW Annual Statistical Report2014/15

Date: January 2016 Version: 1 Page: 1 of 26


Screening Division of Public Health Wales

Bowel Screening WalesAnnual Statistical Report

2013/14Author: Screening Division Informatics TeamDate: January 2015 Version: 2Publication/ Distribution:

BSW Programme Board Stakeholders via Screening for Life Internet site NHS Wales via links on Screening Professionals site Public Health Wales via web story and links to screening sites

Purpose and Summary of Document:This report is a detailed summary of information on work undertaken by Bowel Screening Wales for the financial year 2013/14

For more information about this report contact: Helen Beer, Senior Information Manager and Research Specialist,Screening Division of Public Health Wales,18 Cathedral Road, Cardiff, CF11 9LJTel: 029 2078 7803 WHTN: 0896 7820 or 7803Fax: 029 2078 7900Email: [email protected]

For more information about this report contact: Helen Clayton, Interim Head of Service, Information and Data,


mailto:[email protected]


Informatics Team, Public Health Wales,18 Cathedral Road, Cardiff, CF11 9LJTel: 029 2078 7803 WHTN: 0896 7820 or 7803Fax: 029 2078 7900

Email: [email protected]

Content

s1 INTRODUCTION....................................................................4

2 HEADLINE STATISTICS..........................................................5

3 DATA...................................................................................73.1 Coverage and Uptake.....................................................................73.2 Participants invited.......................................................................163.3 Validated kits................................................................................193.4 Waiting times for screening results..............................................213.5 Attendance at colonoscopy...........................................................223.6 Detection rates.............................................................................233.7 Waiting times for index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy

appointment within 4 weeks of Booking SSP Appointment..........233.8 Attendance at CT scans................................................................23

4 DEFINITIONS......................................................................24


mailto:[email protected]


Table 1a - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015 ................................................. 7Graph 1a: Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Health Board of residence, as at 1st October 2015.................................................. 8Table 1b - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015.............. 9Graph 1b - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015............ 10Table 1c - Bowel Screening Uptake by Health Board of residence........ 11Graph 1c - Bowel Screening Uptake by Health Board of residence ....... 12Table 1d - Bowel Screening Uptake by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence ........................................................................ 13Graph 1d - Bowel Screening Uptake by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence ........................................................................ 14Table 1e - All Wales Bowel Screening Uptake - Historical Comparison. 15Table 1f - All Wales Bowel Screening Uptake by Type of Recall........... 15Table 2a - Number of male participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence ................................................ 16Table 2b - Number of female participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence ................................................ 17Table 2c - Total participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence ..................................... ........ ........ ........ 18Table 3a - Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – FOB kit .................................................................... 19Table 3b - Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – FIT kit..................................................................... 19Table 3c - Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – Total kits ................................................................ 20Table 4 - Waiting time for screening test results, (from receipt of test kit to validated result) ........................................................................ 21Table 5 - Attendance at index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy by Health Board of residence.............................................................. 22Table 6 - All Wales Cancer / Polyp / Adenoma detection rates at index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy ................................................ 23



1 IntroductionThis is the second annual statistical report published by Bowel Screening Wales (BSW). This report covers data for the financial year 2014/15, with the exception of coverage which was run on 1st October 2015 and displays the latest available figure. BSW was launched in October 2008 and aims to reduce the number of people dying from bowel cancer in Wales by 15% by 2020 in the group of people invited for screening. To achieve this aim the bowel screening programme must identify cancer early when treatment is more successful and also identify and remove polyps that may otherwise go on to become malignant. In the year 2014/15 Bowel Screening Wales diagnosed 236 people with cancers and detected and removed polyps in 1269 participants.

The proportion of colorectal cancers diagnosed by screening is greater in Wales than in England at 12% compared to an overall average for England and Wales of 10% (NBOCAP 2015). There are indications that the rate of emergency admissions for colorectal cancer has reduced in Wales since the bowel screening programme was implemented and this is currently being evaluated further.

Key messages about the programme

Bowel screening reduces your risk of dying from bowel cancer. Men and women aged 60 to 74 are invited to take part every two years. You may feel well even if you have early bowel cancer. Finding cancer

early gives you the best chance of survival. Bowel screening is a free NHS test that can be completed easily in your

own home. Screening will miss some cancers, and some cancers cannot be cured. Taking part in bowel screening is your choice. Read the information

pack carefully to help you make your decision.

Programme delivery The Screening Division of Public Health Wales is responsible for managing, delivering and quality assuring the programme. The programme employs a Head of Programme, administrative staff, nursing staff and Quality Assurance Advisors for Screening Colonoscopy, Pathology, Radiology and surgery. The central screening laboratory is co-located with the administrative department and Cervical Screening Wales laboratory. Laboratory staff work across both laboratories.

Screening pathway



Participants are identified on the Welsh Demographic System and invited for screening. Invitation is based on date of birth not geographical location and comprises a letter from the Director of Screening Division and an information pack which contains the test kit. The initial test kit is a Guaiac Faecal Occult Blood (FOBt) test kit which is sent to eligible people by post for completion at home and return to the central screening laboratory by post in the prepaid envelope provided.

People with negative FOBt results are returned to routine recall and invited again for screening two years later if they remain in the eligible age range. Those with equivocal results are sent a more sensitive FOBt called an immunochemical test (FIT).

Participants with positive results are invited for telephone assessment with Specialist Screening Practitioners (SSP) based in Local Assessment Centres (LAC) who assesses fitness for colonoscopy. Most assessments are undertaken by telephone, but face to face appointments are available at request or if considered necessary by the SSP.

If considered fit, colonoscopy is offered to people and, if accepted, this is undertaken in the participants Local Assessment Centre. Depending on the findings at colonoscopy participants are returned to routine recall, referred to the multi disciplinary team with a diagnosis of cancer or put onto a surveillance programme according to the number and size of polyps removed.

If someone is not fit for colonoscopy, a CT scan is usually offered.

More information is available at www.bowelscreeningwales.wales.nhs.uk

2 Headline statistics Bowel Screening Coverage on 1st October 2015 was 50.3%, ranging

from 48.6% in Cardiff and Vale University Health Board to 51.5% in Powys Teaching Health Board.

Bowel Screening Uptake for those participants invited between April 2014 and March 2015 was 50.8%, ranging from 48.8% in Cardiff and Vale University Health Board to 52.5% in Powys Teaching Health Board.

Coverage and uptake figures are higher in females (coverage was 52.9% in females compared to 47.6% in males, uptake was 53.4% in females compared to 48.1% in males).

Coverage and uptake figures are also higher in those living in the least deprived areas (57.1% and 58.0% respectively in the least deprived areas compared to 41.5% and 41.0% respectively in the most deprived areas).


http://www.bowelscreeningwales.wales.nhs.uk/


For the period April 2014 and March 2015:

257,368 participants were invited for bowel screening.

148,093 test kits were validated of which 3.7% were spoilt and could not be tested.

4.2% of all Faecal Occult Blood (FOB) test kits were validated with an equivocal result, these participants were sent the Immunochemical test kit (FIT).

136,638 test kits were given a definitive result, 98.6% were negative and 1.4% were positive.

98.7% of all test kits were validated and a result letter issued to the participant, within a week of receipt by the laboratory.

Across Wales, 59.0% of participants were offered an index colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy within four weeks of phoning to make the appointment with a Specialist Screening Practitioner and 90.8% of participants were offered a procedure within eight weeks.

Attendance at first (index) colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy was 96.4% with over 1,800 attended index procedures.

At first (index) colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy, cancer detection rate was 12.7%, polyp detection rate was 68.4% and the adenoma detection rate was 53.8%. A colorectal polyp is a growth found on the lining of the colon or rectum. A neoplastic polyp (a tissue whose cells have lost its normal differentiation) is called an adenoma, which is a benign growth but in some cases can develop into a cancer.

236 people diagnosed with cancer and 1269 participants with polyps detected and removed in the year.

Across Wales, the proportion of booked computer tomography (CT) scans which were attended was 96.8%.



3 Data3.1 Coverage and UptakeTable 1a - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015

Total Female Male

Health Board EligibleScreened

within 2.5 years

% Coverage Eligible

Screened within

2.5 years

% Coverage Eligible

Screened within

2.5 years

% Coverage

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 87617 44506 50.8 44797 23641 52.8 42820 20865 48.7

Aneurin Bevan UHB 97143 48781 50.2 49492 25960 52.5 47651 22821 47.9

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 126816 63600 50.2 64877 34330 52.9 61939 29270 47.3

Cardiff and Vale UHB 66381 32255 48.6 33638 17230 51.2 32743 15025 45.9

Cwm Taf UHB 48710 24554 50.4 24715 12806 51.8 23995 11748 49.0

Hywel Dda UHB 74355 38139 51.3 37795 20685 54.7 36560 17454 47.7

Powys Teaching HB 28188 14529 51.5 14225 7921 55.7 13963 6608 47.3

Unknown 4084 1893 46.4 2001 1003 50.1 2083 890 42.7

All Wales 533294 268257 50.3 271540 143576 52.9 261754 124681 47.6



For description of uptake and coverage calculations, please see definitions in section 4.

Graph 1a: Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Health Board of residence, as at 1st October 2015



Table 1b - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015

Health Board Q1 – least deprived Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 – most

deprived Unknown Total

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 57.4 54.4 51.2 48.3 42.3 0.0 50.8

Aneurin Bevan UHB 57.3 54.0 51.4 47.6 41.9 0.0 50.2

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 56.5 52.5 49.6 44.6 38.6 0.0 50.2

Cardiff and Vale UHB 56.6 48.1 44.4 42.4 34.8 0.0 48.6

Cwm Taf UHB 60.3 55.6 51.1 49.3 45.4 0.0 50.4

Hywel Dda UHB 57.0 53.6 51.4 47.9 45.1 0.0 51.3

Powys Teaching HB 57.0 52.3 50.6 45.2 46.9 0.0 51.5

Unknown 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 46.4 46.4

All Wales 57.1 52.9 50.5 47.0 41.5 46.4 50.3



Graph 1b - Bowel Screening Coverage (within 2.5 years) by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, as at 1st October 2015



Table 1c - Bowel Screening Uptake by Health Board of residence, 2014/15

Total Female Male

Health Board Eligible Responded % Uptake Eligible Responded % Uptake Eligible Responded % Uptake

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 41324 21061 51.0 21161 11257 53.2 20163 9804 48.6

Aneurin Bevan UHB 46417 23651 51.0 23620 12540 53.1 22797 11111 48.7

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 60410 30659 50.8 30793 16499 53.6 29617 14160 47.8

Cardiff and Vale UHB 31641 15434 48.8 15955 8235 51.6 15686 7199 45.9

Cwm Taf UHB 23257 11825 50.8 11805 6113 51.8 11452 5712 49.9

Hywel Dda UHB 35640 18425 51.7 18051 9972 55.2 17589 8453 48.1

Powys Teaching HB 13476 7081 52.5 6809 3883 57.0 6667 3198 48.0

Unknown 1973 981 49.7 987 542 54.9 986 439 44.5

All Wales 254139 129118 50.8 129181 69041 53.4 124957 60076 48.1

Uptake includes participants invited for bowel screening during April 2014 to March 2015.



Graph 1c - Bowel Screening Uptake by Health Board of residence, 2014/15



Table 1d - Bowel Screening Uptake by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, 2014/15

Health Board Q1 – least deprived Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 – most

deprived Unknown Total

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 57.4 54.6 51.2 49.3 42.3 0.0 51.0

Aneurin Bevan UHB 59.0 55.0 52.4 48.0 42.1 0.0 51.0

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 57.5 53.6 49.7 45.0 38.7 0.0 50.8

Cardiff and Vale UHB 57.7 47.5 44.2 42.1 35.3 0.0 48.8

Cwm Taf UHB 61.0 57.1 51.1 50.4 44.8 0.0 50.8

Hywel Dda UHB 57.2 54.1 51.8 48.3 42.3 0.0 51.7

Powys Teaching HB 58.6 53.1 51.5 47.2 40.6 0.0 52.5

Unknown 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 49.7 49.7

All Wales 58.0 53.6 50.8 47.6 41.0 49.7 50.8



Graph 1d - Bowel Screening Uptake by Deprivation Quintile and Health Board of Residence, 2014/15



Table 1e - All Wales Bowel Screening Uptake - Historical Comparison

Year Eligible Tested % Uptake

2009-10 201842 111537 55.3

2010-11 204291 108175 53.0

2011-12 268727 137366 51.1

2012-13 266693 128583 48.2

2013-14 280192 147378 52.6

2014-15 254139 129118 50.8

Table 1f - All Wales Bowel Screening Uptake by Type of Recall, 2014/15

Prevalent Round - 1st Invite Prevalent Round - Subsequent invite(s) Incident Round

Year Eligible Tested % Uptake Eligible Tested %

Uptake Eligible Tested % Uptake

2014-15 41192 18324 44.5 92169 9603 10.4 120778 101191 83.8



3.2 Participants invited

Table 2a - Number of male participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence, 2014/15

Males

Health Board 60-64 years

65-69 years

70-74 years

Total Invited

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 9713 6248 4491 20452

Aneurin Bevan UHB 10959 7025 5128 23112

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 13534 9646 6915 30095

Cardiff and Vale UHB 7966 4702 3265 15933

Cwm Taf UHB 5456 3561 2587 11604

Hywel Dda UHB 8178 5630 4058 17866

Powys Teaching HB 3049 2137 1598 6784

Unknown 511 303 197 1011

All Wales 59366 39252 28239 126857



Table 2b - Number of female participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence, 2014/15

Females


65-69 years

70-74 years

Total Invited





Cwm Taf UHB 5593 3627 2691 11911

Hywel Dda UHB 8373 5702 4178 18253


Unknown 489 299 219 1007

All Wales 60196 40161 30153 130510



Table 2c – Total participants invited for bowel screening – by age and Health Board of residence, 2014/15

Participants


65-69 years

70-74 years

Total Invited





Cwm Taf UHB 11049 7188 5278 23515

Hywel Dda UHB 16551 11332 8236 36119


Unknown 1000 602 416 2018

All Wales 119562 79413 58392 257368



3.3 Validated kitsTable 3a - Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – FOB kit

Number of kits validated - FOB Percentage - FOBHealth Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative Positive Total Health Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative PositiveAbertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 916 1020 21250 57 23243 Abertawe Bro

Morgannwg UHB 3.9 4.6 99.7 0.3

Aneurin Bevan UHB 1002 1068 23689 61 25820 Aneurin Bevan UHB 3.9 4.3 99.7 0.3Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 1070 1429 31031 78 33608 Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 3.2 4.4 99.7 0.3Cardiff and Vale UHB 647 744 15511 36 16938 Cardiff and Vale UHB 3.8 4.6 99.8 0.2Cwm Taf UHB 511 593 11823 36 12963 Cwm Taf UHB 3.9 4.8 99.7 0.3Hywel Dda UHB 674 837 18740 49 20300 Hywel Dda UHB 3.3 4.3 99.7 0.3Powys Teaching HB 250 279 7232 14 7775 Powys Teaching HB 3.2 3.7 99.8 0.2Unknown 44 29 990 1 1064 Unknown 4.1 2.8 99.9 0.1All Wales 5114 5999 130266 332 141711 All Wales – FOB 3.6 4.4 99.7 0.3

Table 3b - Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – FIT kitNumber of kits validated - FIT Percentage - FIT

Health Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative Positive Total Health Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative PositiveAbertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 59 0 741 286 1086 Abertawe Bro

Morgannwg UHB 5.4% 0.0% 72.2% 27.8%

Aneurin Bevan UHB 56 0 792 284 1132 Aneurin Bevan UHB 4.9% 0.0% 73.6% 26.4%Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 68 0 1031 415 1514 Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 4.5% 0.0% 71.3% 28.7%Cardiff and Vale UHB 40 0 532 205 777 Cardiff and Vale UHB 5.1% 0.0% 72.2% 27.8%Cwm Taf UHB 51 0 433 164 648 Cwm Taf UHB 7.9% 0.0% 72.5% 27.5%Hywel Dda UHB 50 0 626 219 895 Hywel Dda UHB 5.6% 0.0% 74.1% 25.9%Powys Teaching HB 15 0 223 58 296 Powys Teaching HB 5.1% 0.0% 79.4% 20.6%Unknown 3 0 23 8 34 Unknown 8.8% 0.0% 74.2% 25.8%All Wales 342 0 4401 1639 6382 All Wales – FIT 5.4% 0.0% 72.9% 27.1%



Table 3c – Total Bowel Screening Kits validated by test result and Health Board of residence – Total kitsNumber of kits validated – TOTAL Percentage - TOTAL

Health Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative Positive Total Health Board Spoilt Equivocal Negative PositiveAbertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 975 1020 21991 343 24329 Abertawe Bro

Morgannwg UHB 4.0% 4.4% 98.5% 1.5%

Aneurin Bevan UHB 1058 1068 24481 345 26952 Aneurin Bevan UHB 3.9% 4.1% 98.6% 1.4%Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 1138 1429 32062 493 35122 Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 3.2% 4.2% 98.5% 1.5%Cardiff and Vale UHB 687 744 16043 241 17715 Cardiff and Vale UHB 3.9% 4.4% 98.5% 1.5%Cwm Taf UHB 562 593 12256 200 13611 Cwm Taf UHB 4.1% 4.5% 98.4% 1.6%Hywel Dda UHB 724 837 19366 268 21195 Hywel Dda UHB 3.4% 4.1% 98.6% 1.4%Powys Teaching HB 265 279 7455 72 8071 Powys Teaching HB 3.3% 3.6% 99.0% 1.0%Unknown 47 29 1013 9 1098 Unknown 4.3% 2.8% 99.1% 0.9%All Wales 5456 5999 134667 1971 148093 All Wales 3.7% 4.2% 98.6% 1.4%

Note: Spoilt rates are calculated as a percentage of the total results.

Equivocal rates are calculated as a percentage of the equivocal, negative and positive results.

Negative and positive rates are calculated as a percentage of negative and positive results only.



3.4 Waiting times for screening resultsTable 4 - Waiting time for screening test results, (from receipt of test kit to validated result), 2014/15

Days Number validated

Percentage of total validated

Same day 65277 44.1%

1 38513 26.0%

2 20466 13.8%

3 10572 7.1%

4 5807 3.9%

5 4224 2.9%

6 1235 0.8%

7-13 days 1672 1.1%

14 days + 327 0.2%

TOTAL 148093 100.0%

Across Wales in 2014/15 98.7% of all test kits were validated and a result letter issued to the participant within a week of receipt by the laboratory.



3.5 Attendance at colonoscopyTable 5 - Attendance at index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy by Health Board of residence, 2014/15

Health Board Booked

index procedure

Attended index

procedure

% Attended

Abertawe Bro Morgannwg UHB 337 320 95.0%

Aneurin Bevan UHB 371 355 95.7%

Betsi Cadwaladr UHB 425 411 96.7%

Cardiff and Vale UHB 240 236 98.3%

Cwm Taf UHB 200 196 98.0%

Hywel Dda UHB 254 246 96.9%

Powys Teaching HB 86 80 93.0%

Unknown 10 10 100.0%

All Wales 1923 1854 96.4%



3.6 Detection ratesTable 6 - All Wales Cancer / Polyp / Adenoma detection rates at index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy, 2014/15

Number Detected

Total Index Procedures

Percentage Detected

Cancer detection rate 236 1854 12.7%

Polyp detection rate 1269 1854 68.4%

Adenoma detection rate* 998 1854 53.8%

3.7 Waiting times for index colonoscopy/ flexible sigmoidoscopy appointment within 4 weeks of Booking SSP Appointment

During the April 2014 to March 2015 year, 1853 participants were offered an index procedure and 1094 (59.0%) were offered a procedure date within 4 weeks of booking their Specialist Screening Practitioner (SSP) assessment appointment. A total of 1683 (90.8%) were offered a procedure date within 8 weeks and 170 (9.2%) were offered a procedure date more than 8 weeks after booking their SSP assessment appointment.

3.8 Attendance at CT scansAcross Wales, 96.8% of booked CT scans were attended; this varies between 92.5% and 100% across Health Boards for the year April 2014 to March 2015.



4 DefinitionsThis section provides further detail on the calculations used in this report.

Eligible For coverage calculations, eligible participants are those that are resident in Wales at the time of reporting, that are not currently ceased or suspended from bowel screening invitation following notification of a diagnosed bowel condition, movement or death and are between invite age range 60 to 74 years.

For uptake calculations, eligible participants are those that were resident in Wales (not deducted on NHAIS in the 6 months following invitation) and invited for bowel screening during the reporting period date range. Participants that were ceased or suspended from bowel screening invitation following notification of a diagnosed bowel condition, movement or death, within six months following invitation were excluded, unless they had returned a used test kit.

Uptake Participants were deemed to have responded to their invitation if the bowel screening programme received a used test kit within six months following their invitation.

CoverageThe calculation counts those eligible participants that have had a used test kit validated within two and a half years of the reporting date.

Deprivation Deprivation quintiles were assigned using the Welsh Index of Multiple Deprivation (WIMD) 2008, measured at lower super output area (LSOA) level. LSOAs are ranked into quintiles at an all-Wales level so they can be compared between health boards. This means that there will not be an equal proportion of people in each quintile when you look at each health board e.g. in Monmouthshire, 40% of the population live in the least deprived quintile of Wales, but no areas fall into the Welsh most deprived quintile.

Health Board This is health board of residence.

Spoilt test kit These rates are calculated as a proportion of the total bowel screening test kits validated in the reporting period.

Equivocal test kit These rates are calculated as a proportion of the un-spoilt bowel screening test kits validated in the reporting period.



Negative and positive test kit These rates are calculated as a proportion of the test kits validated in the reporting period as negative and positive results – i.e. those kits that have a definitive result.

Prevalent Round - first invite (table 1f)Prevalent round first invitation is the first time a person is invited to take part in screening. They have not been screened before as they have not been invited before.

Prevalent round - subsequent invite (table 1f)Prevalent round subsequent invitation is when a person has previously been invited, but has not actually taken part in screening before. They have not been screened before but they have been invited before.

Incident Round (table 1f)Incident round is when people are invited that have previously taken part in the screening programme.

ColonoscopyColonoscopy is the visual inspection of the interior of the colon with a flexible, lighted tube (colonoscope) inserted through the rectum. During colonoscopy, biopsies (tissue samples of abnormal areas) can be obtained to aid diagnosis.

Flexible SigmoidoscopyA flexible sigmoidoscopy is the visual inspection of the lower part of the large intestine with a flexible lighted tube inserted through the rectum. During flexible sigmoidoscopy, biopsies (tissue samples of abnormal areas) can be obtained to aid diagnosis. Attendance and detection rates (Tables 5 and 6) report procedures that are booked in the reporting period. Waiting times were calculated using those participants with an index procedure first offered within the reporting period. This might not be the procedure they attended, due to participant choice or other factors.


Documents

Table 1c - Bowel Screening Wales · Web view4.2% of all Faecal Occult Blood (FOB) test kits were validated with an equivocal result, these participants were sent the Immunochemical