Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
System AdministrationSystem Administration
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
2
What System Administrator Should do? (1)What System Administrator Should do? (1)
Ordinary list• Install new system, programs and OS updates
• Monitoring system and trying to Tune performance
• Adding and removing users
• Adding and removing hardware
• Backup and Restore
• Security
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
3
What System Administrator Should do? (2)What System Administrator Should do? (2)
Non-technique list• Helping users
• Maintaining documentation
• Moving furniture
• Burning your liver
• Good communication and memorization
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
4
What System Administrator Should do? (3)What System Administrator Should do? (3)
The best words to describe the job• Thankless job.
http://www.sysadminday.com/
• System administration is like keeping the trains on time;no one notices except when they’re late.
• 氣象局：「我們對的時候，沒人記得；我們錯的時候，沒人忘記。」
Philosophy of system administration• Know how things really work.
• Plan it before you do it.
• Make it reversible
• Make changes incrementally.
• Test before you unleash it .
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
5
What System Administrator Should do? (4) What System Administrator Should do? (4)
Flow of Change
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
6
What you can learn in this course?What you can learn in this course?
Mostly, the skill to be a candidate of system administrator Secondary, information about CS computer center
System Admin / Network Admin ?• Play with computers
What FreeBSD can do.
資安學程 http://isc.cs.nctu.edu.tw/
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
7
AttitudeAttitude
Attend every class Do every exercise
• As early as possible
• On your own
Read book and practice at least 6 hours every week• Recommend: more than 1.5 hours/day averagely.
Collect information on the internet
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
8
SyllabusSyllabus
Website:• http://www.cs.nctu.edu.tw/~liuyh/course/sysadm/
Instructors: • 劉用翔 [email protected]• 蔡佳宏 [email protected]• 翁綜禧 [email protected]
Time: • Tue. IJK (PM 6:30 ~ 9:20)
Place:• EC115
TAs:• We might get about 3~4 TAs.• Email to TAs: (TBA)
Textbook: • UNIX System Administration Handbook," 3rd ed.
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
9
Syllabus – ContentSyllabus – Content
We will cover the following chapters in this semester (SysAdm):• Chapter 1 ~ 12
• Chapter 13, 17, 18, 23, 26
• Shell Programming
The following chapters is covered in the next semester (NetAdm):• Chapter 14, 15, 16, 19, 20 , 22
• News Server
• SNMP
• Perl Programming
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
10
Syllabus – Text book outlineSyllabus – Text book outline
Chap 1 – Where to start.Chap 2 – Booting and shutting downChap 3 – Rootly powersChap 4 – Controlling processesChap 5 – The FilesystemChap 6 – Adding new usersChap 7 – Serial deviceChap 8 – Adding a diskChap 9 – Periodic processChap 10 – BackupsChap 11 – Syslog and log filesChap 12 – Drivers and the kernelChap 13 – TCP/IP Networking
Chap 14 – RoutingChap 15 – Network hardwareChap 16 – The domain name systemChap 17 – The network file systemChap 18 – Sharing system filesChap 19 – Electronic mailChap 20 – Network management and
debuggingChap 21 – securityChap 22 – Web hosting and internet serversChap 23 – PrintingChap 24 – Maintenance and environmentChap 25 – Performance analysisChap 26 – Cooperating with Windows.
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
11
Syllabus – Grade PolicySyllabus – Grade Policy
Mid• 15 ~ 20%
Final• 15 ~ 20%
Exercise (Homeworks)• 60 ~ 70%
No Delay Work 4 exercises 1 term project
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
12
What you should prepare?What you should prepare?
Background knowledge• Basic of TCP/IP Networking (not required)
Environment• One dedicated PC
Or two OS in your PC.
• One extra IP
Yourself• Your hard study
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
13
Finally, Am I OK to take this course?Finally, Am I OK to take this course?
Are you willing to devote yourself to exercise?• Yes! Please come
Are you newbie in this area?• Yes!? It’s ok, Please come
Do you take more than 3 major courses?• Yes!??? It is quite dangerous, but I can not stop u
Basic knowledge in this courseBasic knowledge in this course
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
15
LoginLogin
SSH (Secure Shell)• PuTTY:
http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/download.html
• Chinese Environment:http://www.cs.nctu.edu.tw/help/putty.html
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
16
CommandsCommands
Useful commands• passwd, chsh, chfn, chpass• ls• ps, top• mkdir/rmdir• cp/mv/rm• write• Email reader: mutt, …etc.• News reader: tin• Connecting: ssh/telnet• Manual: man, info, …etc.• Editor: vim, joe, ee, …etc.• File Transmittion: ftp, ncftp, lftp, scp, wget, curl, …etc.• Compilers: gcc, g++, javac, …etc.• Scripting: perl, php, ruby, python …etc.• login/exit/logout/screen
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
17
ConventionsConventions
Syntax of commands:• Anything between “[” & “]” – are optional.• Anything followed by “…” – can be repeated.• {a | b} – you should choose one of them.• Example:
bork [-x] { on | off } filename …
bork on /etc/hosts ○
bork –x off /etc/hosts /etc/passwd○
bork –x /etc/hosts Ｘbork -h /etc/hosts Ｘ
Globing characters• “*” matches zero or more characters.• “?” match one character.• “~” (twiddle) means home directory• “~user” means home directory of user
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
18
man pages (manual)man pages (manual)
man pages (manual)• Contain descriptions of
Individual command.– % man cp
File format.– % man rc.local
Library routines.– % man strcpy
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
19
man commandman command
Command• % man [section] title (BSD)
% man printf (printf command) % man 3 printf (C Standard printf func.) % man –k exit (keyword search)
Man pages organization
AT&T BSD Contents
1 1 User-Level commands and applications
2 2 System calls and kernel error code
3 3 Library calls
4 5 Standard file format
5 7 Miscellaneous files and documents
6 6 Games and demonstrations
7 4 Device Drivers and network protocols
1m 8 System administration commands
9 9 Obscure kernel specs and interfaces
%man man
Com
pu
ter C
en
ter, C
S, N
CTU
20
Q&AQ&A
Break time.
