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Syngas
Synthetic GasSynthesis GasWood GasPyrolysis GasProducer Gas
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Clarke Energy is the authorised distributor and servicepartner
for GE Energys gas engine division in a growingnumber of countries
across the world. In addition toproviding high-efficiency, reliable
gas engines we combinethiswith the expertise and resources to
deliver unbeatableproduct support.
Whether your requirement is for the supply of a single gasengine
generator or a complete turnkey power generationfacility, we can
meet that need. Our ability to add value byoffering an end-to-end
service, from initial proposal toreliable long-term maintenance,
has led to us becoming amulti-national company with operations in
ten countriesacross the globe. Our company prides itself on
integrity,delivering only the highest quality products whilst
providinga reliable accountable localised service.
Benefits of working with Clarke EnergyClarke Energy provides
flexible solutions for your gasgeneration projects. Our services
range from the supply ofa gas engine generator, through to the
complete turnkeyinstallationofagaspoweredgeneration
facility.ClarkeEnergyhas a dedicated, top-quality team of sales,
engineering,projectmanagement, commissioningandmaintenancestaffto
meet your needs. We also offer long-term maintenancecontracts
backed up by a strong balance sheet, givingpeace of mind with
respect to the long-term performanceof your GE gas generation
equipment.
Power from Syngas
Syngas, also known as synthesisgas, synthetic gas or producer
gas,can be produced from a variety ofdifferent materials that
containcarbon. These can include biomass,plastics, coal, municipal
waste orsimilar materials. Historically towngas was used to provide
a gassupply to many residences inEurope and other
industrialisedcountries in the early 20th Century.
Syngas is created by the gasificationor pyrolysis of
carbonaceousmaterials. Gasification involvessubjecting these
materials to hightemperatures, in the controlledpresence of oxygen
with only limitedcombustion to provide thermalenergy to sustain the
reaction.Gasification can occur in man-madevessels, or
alternatively could beconducted in-situ as in the gas ofunderground
coal gasification.
Where the fuel to the gasifier is ofrecent biological origin,
such aswood or organic waste, the gasproduced by the gasifier
isconsidered to be renewable and sois the power produced by
itscombustion. When the fuel to thegasifier is a waste stream,
itsconversion to power in this mannerhas the combined benefit of
theconversion of this waste into usefulproducts.
Benefits of Synthetic Gas
Generation of renewable power Conversion of problematic
wastes to useful fuels Economical onsite power
production and reducedtransmission losses
Reduction in carbon emissions
Syngas Challenges
The composition of syngas is highlydependent upon the inputs to
thegasifier. A number of thecomponents of syngas causechallenges
which must beaddressed at the outset, includingtars, hydrogen
levels and moisture.
Hydrogen gas is much quicker toburn than methane, which is
thenormal energy source for gasengines. Under normalcircumstances,
faster combustion inthe engine cylinders would lead tothe potential
of pre-ignition,knocking and engine backfiring. Inorder to counter
this challenge theengine has a number of technicalmodifications and
the output of theengine is reduced to between 50-70% of its
typically natural gasoutput. (I.e. a 1,063kW enginerunning on
natural gas iscomparable to a maximum 730kWengine on synthetic
gas).
Syngas
Gas cooler
Gasfier
Gas scrubber
Flue gas cooler Flue gas filter
Gas filterGas blower
Gas flow back
Gas boiler
Flue gas blower
Fly ash
Air
Bed ashSteam
Biomass
Electrical energy
Exhaust gas
Heatexchanger
Heatconsumer
Co
mb
ustio
n ch
amb
er
Syngas Schematic
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Syngas Composition
Substance Composition (%)H2 20-40CO 35-40CO2 25-35CH4 0-15N2
2-5
Fuel Gas Quality
A wide range of hydrogen gases canbe used in gas engines.
However aswith all engine fuels, there are specificlimits to
different components theinput fuel gas. Gas contaminants insyngas,
most notably tar andhumidity, are a key technical challengeto the
utilisation of synthetic gases.Please request the special
gastechnical instruction for fuel gasquality for more
information.
Concept
Varying compositions, as well ascalorific values and the
combustionbehaviour of the gases fromsynthetic gases processes,
putgreater demands on engine design.Clarke Energy offers
speciallymodified GE Jenbacher gas enginesthat make efficient use
of thesegases for combined generation ofheat and electricity.
Special featuresof these engines may include flamearrestors for the
prevention ofbackfiring, special gas mixers toimprove gas mixing
and to be morerobust to dirt.
In general, the stable composition ofwood gas makes it
advantageous asan engine fuel. The high hydrogencontent of some
syngases however,means the combustion process isvery fast, which
increases thedanger of engine pre-ignition,knocking or engine
backfiring. Toavoid this risk, GE has created anengine control
system that is able tofuel the GE Jenbacher engine with avery lean
mixture and, at the sametime, react very quickly to variationsin
the engine load.
Some synthetic gases have a highcarbon monoxide content,
whichhas a low combustion speed and isvery harmful. GE has
developed thespecific gas engine combustionsystem that enables
burning of thegas efficiently and reliably.Additionally, Clarke
Energy & GEoffer a safety technology packagethat allows firm
handling of harmfulgases such as carbon monoxide.
Syngas can be used to create hotwater, steam and electricity.
The hotwater and exhaust gases from theengines are fed into
boilers. Theresulting steam can be used withinother localised
industrial processes.Electricity generated by the GE gasengines can
either be used on-siteor sold to the public grid. Syngaselectrical
efficiencies of 37% andover can be achieved withJenbacher gas
engines
Advantages
Independent power supply Reduced energy costs, and
greater predictability and stability Efficient and economic
combined heat and electricitysupply
High electrical efficiencycompared to other powergeneration
technology (i.e. steamor gas turbines)
Best suited for an electricaloutput range from a few hundredkW
up to 20-30MW
Low gas pressure required Alternative disposal of a problem
gas while simultaneouslyharnessing it as an energysource
Substitute to conventional fuels Environmental benefits by
greenhouse gas reduction
Our Competence
Clarke Energy has comprehensiveexperience with gas
enginetechnology and has a large reservoirof knowledge with respect
tohandling tricky gases such assyngas.
The GE Jenbacher gas engine isknown for its flexibility
androbustness when utilising difficultgases. Coupling this with
amaintenance agreement with ClarkeEnergy will enable you to get
thehighest performance from yourgenerator.
Yamagata, Japan, wood gas project 1x JMS612,1x JMS 616
Gssing, Austria, wood gas project,1x JMS 620
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If you would like to find outmore about how ClarkeEnergy can
help youdevelop your syngasproject, please contact yourlocal office
for more details.
