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Swine Flu Update. Rich Feifer, MD, MPH, FACP April 27, 2009. What is “Swine Flu”?. Swine Flu is a type of influenza Usually infects pigs Human transmission from pigs has regularly but infrequently occurred over the years Human-to-human has previously been rare What is happening now? - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Medco is a registered trademark of Medco Health Solutions, Inc.© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
Swine Flu Update
Rich Feifer, MD, MPH, FACP
April 27, 2009
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
What is “Swine Flu”?
Swine Flu is a type of influenza
Usually infects pigs
Human transmission from pigs has regularly but infrequently occurred over the years
Human-to-human has previously been rare
What is happening now? One type of swine flu, H1N1, has undergone a change into a new
virus subtype: Now has the ability to more easily spread from human to human
To avoid confusion: Swine Flu H1N1 is different from Human Flu H1N1
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
World Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic Phases
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
World Health Organization (WHO) Pandemic Phases
Phase 1: No cases of animal influenza virus in humans Phase 2: Human infection by animal influenza virus Phase 3: Sporadic cases or small clusters, but no sustained human-to-human spread (Current Level)
Phase 4: Sustained human-to-human spread in communities Media frenzy Minimal disruptions to business or clinical care
Phase 5: Sustained human-to-human spread in multiple countries within a global region
Localized disruptions Fear
Phase 6: Full Pandemic (eg, world) Multiple “waves” Healthcare system completely overwhelmed Social isolation strategies adopted and enforced Pharmacy supply chain disruptions Pharmacy and medical regulations liberalized Government use of emergency powers
?
Timing
Weeksto
Months
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Current Status
We are not currently in a pandemic, but we are closer to one than we were last week….
A US “Public Health Emergency” was declared on 4/26 This is just a preparedness step, not a description of current pandemic
epidemiology or severity Involves deployment of Federal stockpile of medications to regional sites
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
When is “the flu” NOT the flu?
Symptoms of influenza are severe High fever Cough Sore throat Body aches Headache Extreme fatigue Occasional diarrhea or vomiting
Most respiratory infections are not the influenza (the flu), they are a cold
Symptoms may be similar to above, but are milder More likely to have a runny or stuffy nose
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
Protection Measures
Contact avoidance
Hand washing and hand sanitizers
Antiviral medications Tamiflu and Relenza – YES
– Treatment (suspected vs confirmed H1N1 swine flu)– Pre-exposure prophylaxis– Post-exposure prophylaxis
Amantadine and Rimantadine – NO
Vaccines – NOT YET
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© 2009 Medco Health Solutions, Inc. All rights reserved.
Important Resources
Primary CDC website for influenza http://www.pandemicflu.gov/
Link to state-level pandemic preparedness and response http://www.pandemicflu.gov/whereyoulive/index.html http://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/states/stateplans.html http://pandemicflu.gov/plan/states/antivirals.html (dated 9-08)
Checklist for corporate pandemic preparedness http://www.pandemicflu.gov/plan/pdf/businesschecklist.pdf
Interim guidance on antiviral drugs for swine flu http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/recommendations.htm http://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/antivirals/dosagetable.htm#table
Q&A
