Superconducting links for LHC: first outcomes of the ... May 2001final.pdf · A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 23 the Large Hadron Collider project MARIC 30 May 2001 Cryogenics related

A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 1

theLargeHadronColliderproject

MARIC 30 May 2001

Superconducting links for LHC:

first outcomes of the design studies

Antonio Perin

LHC-ACR-IC



MARIC 30 May 2001

Outline• introduction

• technical aspects

• scheduling & “next steps”



MARIC 30 May 2001

UJ 4 6

UA4 7

UJ 4 7RA4 7

UW 4 5

US 4 5

UL4 6

TX4 6

UJ 4 4

UX4 5

RA4 3

UA4 3

UL4 4

UJ 4 3

P Z 3 3

P M3 2

UJ 3 2 UJ 3 3

RZ3 3

TZ3 2

P X4 6P Z4 5

P M4 5

RH2 3

UJ 2 2

UJ 2 3UJ 2 4

UA2 3

RA2 3

P GC2

RA2 7

UJ 2 6

P X2 4

UX2 5

P M2 5

UW 2 5US 2 5

UL2 4

UL2 6

2 7 UA2 7

UP 2 5

UJ 2 8

P MI 2

TI 2

RR1 3

UJ 1 3

RT1 2

UJ 1 4

US 1 5

TI 1 2

P M1 5

P X1 4

UX1 5

UL1 4

UJ 1 2

UJ 1 7

UJ 1 8

UJ 1 6TI 1 8

RR1 7

P M1 8 P X1 6 P X1 5

US A1 5

UL1 6

RT1 8

TI 8UJ 8 8

P GC8

TJ 8

TT 40

TZ 40

LSS4

RH8 7

RA8 3

UA8 3UJ 8 3

UJ 8 4

UJ 8 2

P M8 5

P X8 4

P Z8 5

UX8 5

TX8 4

UL8 6

UA8 7

RA8 7 UJ 8 6

UJ 8 7

UW 8 5

US 8 5

UL8 4

RR7 3

RR7 7

UJ 7 6

P M7 6

TZ7 6

UD6 2

UJ 6 2

UJ 6 3

P M6 5

UJ 6 4

UA6 3

RA6 3

TD6 8

UL6 4

P Z6 5

P X6 4

UJ 6 6

UJ 6 7

UJ 6 8

UX6 5

UA6 7

RA6 7

TD6 8

UD6 8

UP 6 8

UL6 6

TX6 4

UW 6 5 US 6 5

UP 6 2

RR5 3

UJ 5 3

UXC5 5

UL5 4

US C5 5

P M5 4

P X5 6

RZ5 4UP 5 3

UJ 5 6 1

UJ 5 7

RR5

UJ 5 6

P M5 6

UL5 6TU5 6

LHC PROJECT

N

Point 5UNDERGROUND WORKS

CMS

Point 6

Point 7

Point 8

LHC ‘B’ATLAS

Point 1Point 1.8

SPS

Point 2

Point 3.3

Point 3.2

Point 4

ST-CE/ljr18/09/2000

Existing Buildings

LHC Project Buildings

ALICE

Superconducting links for LHC



MARIC 30 May 2001

SC link for Point 3 of LHC

4.5 K 293 K

DFBAE DFBAFQ6 Q6D4 D4D3 D3Q5 Q5Q4 Q4

UJ33

SR3

UJ32

88 x 600A(Ø48)

16 x 120A(Ø23)

2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 810A (Ø42.5)

2 x 13kA 2 x 13kA

2 x 900A (4 x Ø39)

6 x 600A (Ø48) - 243m6 x 600A (Ø48) - 338m6 x 600A (Ø48) - 443m

6 x 600A (Ø48) - 138m

4 x 600A (Ø48) - 94m

4 x 600A (Ø48) - 495m

4 x 120A (Ø23)

4 x 120A (Ø23)

44 x 600A (superconducting) - 500m

16 x 120A (12 x Ø23 + 4 x Ø25)

~ 500m ~ 15m

100 câbles

2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 810A (Ø42.5)2 x 900A (4 x Ø39)

- 42m

Superconducting cable- Low Tc NbTi 4.5 K - 6 K- High Tc Bi based wires / tapes

44 x 600A (superconducting) - 500m

DFBL

Solution2: Feedbox in the tunnel

Solution1: Feedbox in UJ33

Nb. of cables 44

Nominal current 600 A DC

Insulation 1.5 kV

Radiation withstand 60 kGy

Length ~ 500 m

Total 600 A cable length 22 000 m



MARIC 30 May 2001

SC link for pt. 1 and pt. 5 of LHC

4.5 K 293 K

Layout of pt. 5 right of LHC

28157 33000 35000

• 4 links are present at left and right of IP 1 & 5• replace continuous cryostats for Q6 and Q5• replace inline DFBMs for D2Q4• feedboxes (DFBL) placed in the RR• length : approximately 60 m

Magnets Busbars

Q5

Q6

D2Q4

3 x 6 kA

3 x 6 kA

3 x 6 kA, 2 x 4 kA, 8 x 120 A



MARIC 30 May 2001

Superconducting links: schematic view

Schematic view of LTC Superconducting Link at pt. 3

Schematic view of Superconducting Links at pts. 1 & 5

DFBL plug

DFBL

Current leads

Q6 Q5 Q4 D2interconnectionplug

5.5 K3.5 bar

interconnectionpluginterconnectionplug

Radiation screen return

20 K1.3bar

6 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

SC cable

~20 m ~30 m ~20 m

4.5 K3.5 bar

DFBL plug

WRL

Radiation screen return20 K1.3bar

5.8 K3.5 bar

5.5 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

Conectionbox DFBA

4.5 K3.5 barDFBL

Current leads

~ 520 m



MARIC 30 May 2001

Functions and constraints

4.5 K 293 K

Function: compact transport of currentConstraints • LHC tunnel integration• use LHC cryogenic fluids• installation schedule with LHC• sectorisation (for pt.3)• operation, cooldown compatible with LHC operation• ...



MARIC 30 May 2001

Technical aspects

4.5 K 293 KComponents of a Superconducting Link• SC cable• “cryostat”• interfaces• feedboxes

System related issues• cryogenics• electrical protection• sectorisation, commissioning

Integration & installation• integration at pt. 1 & pt. 5• integration at pt. 3• installation



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cables for SC links

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• configuration low Tc < 6 K low Tc ( High Tc ?)

based on existing cable existing cable

• thermal contraction integral or localised integral• mechanical stability known cable known cable

special configuration• interconnection based on standard based on standard

“branches” for Q5 & Q6• plugs existing plugs existing plugs• insulation existing cable existing cable• protection existing cable existing cable

green issues must be investigated with experimental program !



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cables for superconducting links

4.5 K

Ic vs. temperature for NbTi cables

42 x 600 A NbTi cable Ø 16

7 x 6 kA NbTi cable



MARIC 30 May 2001

HTS cables

4.5 K 293 K

DFBL plug

WRL

5.5 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

Conectionbox DFBA

DFBL

Current leads

~ 520 m

20 K3.5 bar

American Superconductor, Bi2223 tapewidth, 4.1 mm

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900

200

400

600

800

1000

Cur

rent

[A]

Temperature [K]

Hitachi Bi2212 "ROSAT" wire American Superconductor Bi2223 tape

HTC cables operating at 20 - 25 K

• existing technology• can be adapted to SC links• prices could be competitive



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cables for SC links

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• configuration 2 x ( 6 x 6 kA) + 8 x 120 A low Tc 44 x120 A ( High Tc ?)

based on low Tc < 6 K existing cable existing cable

• thermal contraction integral or localised integral• mechanical stability known cable known cable

special configuration• interconnection based on standard based on standard

“branches” for Q5 & Q6• plugs existing plugs existing plugs• insulation existing cable existing cable• protection existing cable existing cable




MARIC 30 May 2001

Superconducting link connection to Qx cryostats

Picture of a plug with 5 x 6 kA & 12 x 120 A

Ø 40 int. & Ø 50 ext. “QQS” with DFBM/SCL connection

connection

Drawing: T. Renaglia



MARIC 30 May 2001

Busbar lines : Spool pieces busbars (and line N)

NbTi

Weld interface

Machine as installedduring interconnection

Slide by J. Ph. TOCK, ACR-CRI

Connection of 600 A busbars: standard technology



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cryogenic envelopes for superconducting links

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5, Pt. 3• vacuum tank & shield rigid, flexible for singularities, < Ø 200, 15 m pieces

• thermal contraction rigid, bellows compensated

flexible, corrugated pipe, continuous for pt.3

flexible, wave install

• interconnection based on DFBM design

“branches” for Q5 & Q6

• thermal performance special configuration




MARIC 30 May 2001

“Cryostats” for superconducting links

Vacuum envelope

Multilayer insulation

Thermal shield

cold He pipe

return gas for shield

Superconducting cables11 x 6 kA (+ 12 x 120 A)

Ø90Ø60

Ø150Ø30

Flexible lineRigid line

•“standard” cryogenic transfer line technology• production of long length• “easier” installation but difficult end boxes & singularities (pumpin ports)• not optimal thermal performance• already used for SC links high cost• vacuum ?

•“standard” cryogenic transfer line technology• max “1-piece” ~ 15 m• more difficult installation but easier end boxes & singularities• good thermal performances• vacuum : cryopumping

Very good in singularities Ok for straight sections & branches



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cryogenic envelopes for superconducting links

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5, Pt. 3• vacuum tank & shield rigid, flexible for singularities, outer dimension < φ 200

max

• thermal contraction rigid,bellows compensated

flexible, corrugated pipe

flexible, wave install

• interconnection based on DFBM design“branches” for Q5 & Q6

• thermal performance special configuration




MARIC 30 May 2001

Feedboxes for superconducting links

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• position in RR in UJ33• cryogenics ”standard” specific (sectorisation)



MARIC 30 May 2001

Conceptual design of a DFBL (in RR)



MARIC 30 May 2001

DFBL in RR57

Drawing: A. Kosmicki



MARIC 30 May 2001

DFBL in UJ33

No QRL in UJ33 !

DFBL plug

WRL


5.8 K3.5 bar

5.5 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

Conectionbox DFBA

4.5 K3.5 barDFBL

Current leads

~ 520 m

The SC link acts as cryogenic line



MARIC 30 May 2001

Electrical protection

• LTC cables are very similar to existing and well known cables

the envisaged cables are safe

• (HTS cables: no experience at CERN, literature very encouraging)

Commissioning

• for commisioning and protection, the SC links are subject to the same constraints as DFBs

• for pt. 3, the sectorisation is fully respected, sector 3-4 can be run independently from sector 2-3

4.5 K 293 K



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cryogenics related aspects

4.5 K 293 K

Pts.1 & 5 Pt. 3• Inlet temperature 4.5 K, with subcooler 4.5 K, with subcooler for LTC

( 5.5 K for HTS)

• thermal screen yes; 6K to 20 K yes; 6K to 30 K

(no for HTS)

• flow instabilities to be investigated to be investigated• cooldown same as cryogenic lines same as cryogenic lines• safety effect of cable quench effect of cable quench• insulation vacuum pumping ports at ends pumping port every 100m ?



MARIC 30 May 2001

4.5 K 293 K

Superconducting link & LHC cryogenics

Temperature & pressure in header C

20 K1.3 bar

65 K19 bar

2931 K1.1 bar

5.5 K, 3.1 bar / 2.6 bar OK NO OK

16 K, 1.3 bar NO NO (OK)

65 K, 19.5 bar NO OK OK

Cooling possibilities for a SC link

Heat load on cryo SC line- only “cryostat load”- Tin < Tout

- LTC : Tout < 6K => subcooler required- compatible pressure drop

1 requires heater



MARIC 30 May 2001

Superconducting links: schematic view

Schematic view of LTC Superconducting Link at pt. 3

Schematic view of Superconducting Links at pts. 1 & 5

DFBL plug

DFBL

Current leads

Q6 Q5 Q4 D2interconnectionplug

5.5 K3.5 bar

interconnectionpluginterconnectionplug

Radiation screen return

20 K1.3bar

6 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

SC cable

~20 m ~30 m ~20 m

4.5 K3.5 bar

DFBL plug

WRL


5.8 K3.5 bar

5.5 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

Conectionbox DFBA

4.5 K3.5 barDFBL

Current leads

~ 520 m



MARIC 30 May 2001

HTS cables

4.5 K 293 K

DFBL plug

WRL

5.5 K3.5 bar

:LHe subcooler

Conectionbox DFBA

DFBL

Current leads

~ 520 m

20 K3.5 bar

American Superconductor, Bi2223 tapewidth, 4.1 mm

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 900

200

400

600

800

1000

Cur

rent

[A]

Temperature [K]

Hitachi Bi2212 "ROSAT" wire American Superconductor Bi2223 tape

HTC cables operating at 20 - 25 K



MARIC 30 May 2001

Cryogenic loads for SC links

Pts 1 & 5Low Tc, NbTi cable

• worst case (5L) ?

HTS4.5 K - 20 K

• Full secorisation

Tin

Tmax SC

T screen return

M flow

Remarks

Description

4.6 K (with subcooler) 5.5 K

Config. cable + return screen HTS cable, no return screen

5.6K 25 K

0.8 g/s + 0.2 g/s subcooler 4 g/s

21 K na

1 including eventual heater

Pt. 3Low Tc, NbTi cable

•Full sectorisation

4.6 K (with subcooler)

cable + return screen

5.6K

7 g/s + 1.8 g/s subcooler(4 g/s for screen & 3 g/s for

DFBL)

25 K

SCL length 70 m SCL length 540 mDFBL feedLTS cable

SCL length 540 mDFBL feedHTS cable

Hyothesisinner cryo: 0.1 w/mshield: 1 w/m



MARIC 30 May 2001

Integration at pts. 1 &5 • superconducting link will be installed under the QRL• main problem is at pt. 5, space is very limited• DFBL are all in RR

Integration at pt. 3• main problem : pass Q6 : solution pass on the ceiling and go down after• DFBL is placed in UJ33

4.5 K 293 K

Integration



MARIC 30 May 2001

Integration of the superconducting link at pt. 5 left (RR57)

link to QRLSC link

DFBL



MARIC 30 May 2001

Integration at pts. 1 &5 • superconducting link will be installed under the QRL• main problem at pt. 5, space is very limited (400mm less than pt.1)• DFBL are all in RR

Integration at pt. 3• main problem : pass Q6 : solution pass on the ceiling and go down after• DFBL is placed in UJ33

4.5 K 293 K

Integration



MARIC 30 May 2001

Pt.3 of LHC: UJ33 to tunnel

Integration of SCL at pt.3



MARIC 30 May 2001

Integration of SCL at pt.3 of LHC



MARIC 30 May 2001

3D view of a flexible SCL from UJ33 to tunnel



MARIC 30 May 2001

Installation schedule

4.5 K 293 K

Pts 1 & 5 : QRL installation LSS install

•Pt1 : 1-2 Q2 - 2003 Q3 - 20048-1 Q3 - 2003 Q3 - 2004

•Pt5: 4-5 Q2 - 2004 Q3 - 20055-6 Q4 - 2004 Q4 - 2005

Pt3 : QRL installation LSS install3-4 Q3 - 2003 Q3 - 2003

•Ring “closed” : 01.2006•First beam : 02.2006•First collision : 04.2006

LHC schedule



MARIC 30 May 2001

“Next steps”

4.5 K 293 K

Critical issues to solve

• thermal contraction compensation• flow instabilities• thermal performances of links• branches & interconnections• use of HTS ? Validation of technology(bubbles, thermal compensation, protection) ?

• Integration at pt.5 and at pt.3 (Q6)

Prototype line(s)

Next steps • 2001 finalize integration & DFBLs• Q1 2002 : test bench : multi-function end boxes, mechanical, hydraulical, electrical tests

construction of prototype lines



MARIC 30 May 2001

HTS related issues

4.5 K 293 K

Critical issues to solve

• thermal contraction compensation• isolation• reliability, durability• electrical protection• “bubbles”• interconnects

Prototype line(s)

Next steps • Q1 2002 : test bench : multi-function end boxes, mechanical, hydraulical, electrical tests

construction of prototype lines

Documents

Superconducting links for LHC: first outcomes of the ... May 2001final.pdf · A. Perin LHC-ACR 05/2001 , 23 the Large Hadron Collider project MARIC 30 May 2001 Cryogenics related