Summary of Molecular Biology course 2009 Feb-June

Summary of Molecular

Biology course2009 Feb-June

课程内容Contents课程内容Contents

Molecular Biology of the Molecular Biology of the Gene, 5/6/EGene, 5/6/E --- Watson et al. --- Watson et al. (2004/2007)(2004/2007)

Part I: Chemistry and Genetics

Part II: Maintenance of the Genome*

Part III: Expression of the Genome***

Part IV: Regulation***

Part V: Methods**

The revised central dogmaThe revised central dogma

RNA processingRNA processing

The structure of DNA and RNA The structure of DNA and RNA

基因组的保持

基因组的表达

**********

学时分配和教学日历内容内容学时学时

课程简介－从相互认识到中心法则课程简介－从相互认识到中心法则 66

DNADNA 和和 RNARNA 的结构的结构 33

基因组的保持：基因组的保持： DNADNA 复制复制 66

基因组的表达：转录基因组的表达：转录（小考（小考 11 ）） 66

基因组的表达：基因组的表达： RNARNA 剪接与转录后加工剪接与转录后加工 66

基因组的表达：翻译与遗传密码基因组的表达：翻译与遗传密码（文献报告开始准备）（文献报告开始准备） 66

基因调控：原核调控基因调控：原核调控 3+1.53+1.5

基因调控：真核调控基因调控：真核调控 11 3+1.53+1.5

基因调控：真核调控基因调控：真核调控 22 －－ RNARNA 干扰与干扰与 miRNAmiRNA 调控调控 33

分子生物学技术分子生物学技术 66

平时小考平时小考 11 次次 / / 文献报告（文献报告（ 44 天）天） 3+43+4 天天

教学理念For future

& LOVE

教学理念For future

& LOVE

Shaping the future of my students/the

world in Wuhan University

www.themegallery.com

We have worked together closely and hard to prepare you to meet today’s challenges and become leadersof the future.

We have worked together closely and hard to prepare you to meet today’s challenges and become leadersof the future.


世界是平的，英语是当今的国际语言。你们的英语能力提高了。A language means more opportunities

创新是灵魂，你们发现问题和解决问题的能力提高了。Identify the problem and resolve it in a proper and efficient way.

团队 ( 爱 ) 让人坚固，你们的团队意识增强了。Team work is an enjoyable living style


你们的能力增强了 : English skills, Research skills/Resolving problem, Team work skills

你们的能力增强了 : English skills, Research skills/Resolving problem, Team work skills

你们的素质提升了 : 诚实（ integrity ）欣赏和热爱生命（ appreciate/love life ），合作 (cooperation/love others)

你们的素质提升了 : 诚实（ integrity ）欣赏和热爱生命（ appreciate/love life ），合作 (cooperation/love others)

教学策略 passion & creativity

教学策略 passion & creativity


因“材”施教因“材”施教：创造教师：创造教师和学生之间的黄金组合，和学生之间的黄金组合，充分挥洒老师和学生对生充分挥洒老师和学生对生命和对分子的热爱。命和对分子的热爱。

教学策略

爱能创造奇迹，爱能创造奇迹， Love never failsLove never fails


教师团队

鸣谢郭老师和朱老师，以及许光等六位 TAs 。

.

郭德银教授副院长珞珈特聘教授朱应教授


NewFor

2009

1. 小组学习：自由组合的创新突破项目小组。

2. 为欣赏生命之精美和神奇，为热爱生命而学习。

2009 的创意决定（ 2 月 17 日发布）

多元化考核多元化考核

1.平时小考（ 15 ％）：养成平时学习的好习惯，共 2 次【诚信从小考做起】。

2.小组学习项目（ 25 ％）：项目申请报告 5 分，总结报告 5 分，项目执行情况5 分，文献报告 10 分。

3.期末考试（ 60 ％）：知识掌握和综合运用能力。

期末复习期末复习

The structure differences between DNA and RNA, and why DNA is suitable to serve as the genetic material and RNA can act as a catalyst and regulator etc (please review the diverse function of RNA molecule) .

CHAPTER 6 The structures of DNA and RNA

1. The Chemistry of DNA Synthesis

2. The Mechanism of DNA Polymerase

3. The Specialization of DNA Polymerases

4. The Replication Fork

5. DNA Synthesis at the Replication Fork

7. Initiation of DNA Replication ( 原核 & 真核 )

8. Binding and Unwinding

9. Finishing Replication ( 原核 & 真核 )

CHAPTER 8 The replication of DNA

I. Reaction & Catalyst

II. Replication at a fork

III. Initiation & Termination

前导链与后随链

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1. RNA polymerases (RNAP, 真核和原核的异同 ) and transcription cycle (Initiation, elongation and termination)

2. Transcription cycle in bacteria***: Initiation: (1) The feature of 70 promoters.

(2) Promoter binding by 70 transcription factor (recognition mechanism). (3) Transition to open complex. (4) Promoter escape and transition to the ternary complex.

Elongation and editing by polymerase (10-4)Termination: Rho-independent and Rho-

dependent mechanism.

Chapter 12: Mechanisms of Chapter 12: Mechanisms of TranscriptionTranscription

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3. Transcription in eukaryotes by RNAP II***:

---Initiation (i) Cis-acting elements: core promoter & regulatory

sequences(ii) Formation of the pre-initiation complex(iii) Promoter escape and the CTD tail(iv) The function of each GTF (in vitro)(v) Additional proteins for in vivo transcription.

---Elongation and proofreading involve a new set of GTFs (What)

---Coupled with RNA processing (How)---5’ capping and 3’ polyadenylation

(mechanisms)---Termination: an RNase and two models

1. Why RNA splicing is important? 2. Chemical reaction: determination of

the splice sites, the products, trans-splicing

3. Spliceosome assembly: splicing pathway and finding the splice sites.****

4. Self-splicing introns and mechanisms ***

5. Alternative splicing and regulation, alternative spliceosome ****

6. Two different mechanisms of RNA editing*

7. mRNA transport-a link to translation *

Chapter 13

23/4/1822

Topics 1-4: Four components of translation machinery. T1-mRNA; T2-tRNA; T3-Attachment of amino acids to tRNA (aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases); T4-The ribosome

Topic 5-6: Translation process. T5-initiation; T6-elongation; T7-termination.

Topic 8: Translation-dependent regulation of mRNA and protein stability

Chapter 14-topics

23/4/1823

1. The structure and function of four components of the translation machinery. (****)

2. Translation initiation, elongation and termination ( 具体过程和翻译因子的作用 - 注意起始阶段原核与真核的不同， ****)

3. Translation-dependent regulation of the stability of defective mRNAs and the resulted protein ( 生物学问题是什么，在原核和真核分别怎么解决的 **)

Chapter 14- key points

1.What is the degeneracy of genetic code? what is its importance?

2.What are the three roles governing the genetic code? What are the best known intergenic suppressor genes?

3.What are the benefits of the code universality?


25

1.Principles of gene regulation. (1) who regulate? (2) where to target? (3) How to regulate?

2.Regulation of transcription initiation in bacteria: the lac operon, alternative factors, NtrC, MerR, araBAD operon.

3.The case of phage--layers of regulation: repressor and Cro and their binding; control of the lytic and lysogenic growth; lysogenic induction.


26

TOPIC 1 TOPIC 1 Conserved structures of eukaryotic Conserved structures of eukaryotic transcription activators (2 separable transcription activators (2 separable domains and 2 techniques).domains and 2 techniques).

TOPIC 2TOPIC 2 Recruitment of Protein Complexes Recruitment of Protein Complexes to Genes by Eukaryotic Activators. (two to Genes by Eukaryotic Activators. (two classes of complexes ) (2 techniques)classes of complexes ) (2 techniques)

TOPIC 3TOPIC 3 Transcriptional Repressors (4 ways Transcriptional Repressors (4 ways of repression)of repression)

TOPIC 4TOPIC 4 two examples of signal integration two examples of signal integration and one example of combinatorial and one example of combinatorial control. control.


27

TOPIC 5TOPIC 5 Common pathway of signal transduction: Common pathway of signal transduction: and 4 different ways to Control transcriptional and 4 different ways to Control transcriptional Regulators. Two examples (STAT, MAPK)Regulators. Two examples (STAT, MAPK)

TOPIC 6 TOPIC 6 Gene Silencing by Modification of Gene Silencing by Modification of Histones and DNA (Yeast telomere, YP1 in Histones and DNA (Yeast telomere, YP1 in Drosaphila, DNA methylation in mammalian, Drosaphila, DNA methylation in mammalian, imprinting example HP19-Igf2).imprinting example HP19-Igf2).

TOPIC 7 TOPIC 7 Epigenetic Gene Regulation: concept, Epigenetic Gene Regulation: concept, the inheritance of DNA methylation.the inheritance of DNA methylation.

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1.细菌中 RNA 调控的三种机制： sRNA , riboswitches, attenuation

2.RNA 干扰在真核基因表达调控中的功能（ 1 ） RNA 干扰的发现和作用机制（ 2 ） miRNA 的发现、生成机制和调控

机制。（ 3 ） miRNA 的生物学功能，例子 lin-4（ 4 ） miRNA 在癌症发生中的作用研究

思路（ 5 ） siRNA 的产生方法及其在科研和

治疗上的应用。

Chapter 18 key points

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你在本章中所学到的核酸和蛋白质技术的作用原理和主要用途


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Nucleic acids techniques:Electrophoresis; Restriction digestion;Hybridization (southern, northern, clony); PCR amplification (regular, RT-PCR, mutational

PCR); Sequencing (Sanger), genome sequencing

(Shotgun and genome assembly), genomic analysis (protein gene identification in bacteria and animals, BLAST search to predict the function of a new protein)

DNA cloning and gene expression. (How to analyze a clone, and how to make a fusion protein)

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Protein techniques:Protein purification: column chromatography

and affinity chromatography; Protein separation by PAGE and identification by

western blotProtein sequencing (Edman degradation and

tandem mass spectrometry); Proteomics (combine 2-D gel separation and tandem MS ).

Study the interactions: Protein-nucleic acids in vitro: Gel retardation &

Dnase I footprintingProtein-DNA in cells: Chromatin IPProtein-protein: yeast two-hybrid, Co-IPDetermining the Structure of protein and nucleic

acids: X-ray crystallography, NMR

Documents

Summary of Molecular Biology course 2009 Feb-June