STP1020 Foreword

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S T P 1020

Fracture M echanics:Perspectives and Directions(Twentieth Symposium)

R ob ert P. Wei and Rich ard P. Ganglof f , edi tors

1 91 6 Race S t r ee t

Ph i l ade lph ia , PA 1 91 0 3



A S T M P u b l i c a ti o n C o d e N u m b e r ( P C N : 0 4- 01 02 00 -3 0)

ISB N : 0 -8 0 31 -1 2 5 0 -5

ISN : 1 0 4 0 -30 94

Copyright 9 by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1989

N O T E

T h e S o c i e t y i s n o t r e s p o n s i b l e , a s a b o d y ,

f o r t h e s t a t e m e n t s a n d o p i n i o n s

a d v a n c e d i n t h i s p u b l i c a t i o n .

P e e r R e v i e w P o l i c y

E a c h p a p e r p u b l i sh e d i n th is v o l u m e w a s e v a l u a t e d b y t h r e e p e e r r e v i e w e rs . T h e a u t h o r s

a d d r e s s e d a l l o f th e r e v i e w e r s ' c o m m e n t s t o t h e s a t i s f a c ti o n o f b o t h t h e t e c h n i c a l e d i t o r ( s )

a n d t h e A S T M C o m m i t t e e o n P u b l i c a t i o n s .

T h e q u a l i t y o f th e p a p e r s i n t h is p u b l i c a t io n r e f l e c ts n o t o n l y t h e o b v i o u s e f f o r t s o f t h e

a u t h o r s a n d t h e te c h n i c a l e d i t o r ( s ) , b u t a l s o t h e w o r k o f t h e s e p e e r r e v i e w e r s . T h e A S T M

C o m m i t te e o n P u b l i c at io n s a c k n o w l e d g e s w i t h a p p r e c i a t io n t h e i r d e d i c a t io n a n d c o n t r ib u t i o n

o f t i m e a n d e f fo r t on b e h a l f o f A S T M .

Printed in Ann Arbor, MI

November 1989



Foreword

T h e T w e n t i e t h N a t i o n a l S y m p o s i u m o n F r a c t u r e M e c h a n ic s w a s h e ld o n 2 3 - 2 5 J u n e 19 87

a t L e h i g h U n i v e r s it y , B e t h l e h e m , P e n n s y lv a n ia . A S T M C o m m i t t e e E - 2 4 o n F r a c tu r e T e s ti n g

w a s t h e s p o n s o r o f t h is s y m p o s i u m . R o b e r t P . W e i , L e h i g h U n i v e r s i ty , a n d R i c h a r d P .

G a n g l o f f , U n i v e r s i t y o f V i r g in i a , s e r v e d a s c o e d i t o r s o f th i s p u b l i c a t i o n . R o b e r t P . W e i a l s o

s e r v ed a s c h a ir m a n o f th e s y m p o s i u m .



Conten ts

Overview

PART I--Invited Papers

A N A L Y T I C A L F R A C T U R E M E C H A N I C S

Fracture Mechanics in Two Decades--GEORGE C. SIH

Weight Function Theory for Three-Dimensional Elastic Crack Ana ly s i s - -

J A M E S R . R I C E

N O N L I N E A R A N D T I M E - D E P E N D E N T F R A C T U R E M E C H A N I C S

Softening Due to Void Nucleation in Metals--JOHN W. HUTCHINSON

A N D V I G G O T V E R G A A R D

Results on the Influence of Crack-Tip Plasticity During Dynamic Crack

Growth--L. B. FREUND

M I C R O S T R U C T U R E A N D M I C R O M E C H A N I C A L M O D E L I N G

Creep Crack Growth--HERMANN RIEDEL

The Role of Heterogeneities in Fracture--nLi s. ARGON

F A T I G U E C R A C K P R O P A G A T IO N

Mechanics and Micromechanics of Fatigue Crack Propagation--KEISUKE TANAKA

Microstructure and the Fracture Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Propagation--

E . A . S T A R K E ~ J R .~ A N D J . C . W I L L I A M S

E N V I R O N M E N T A L L Y A S SI ST E D C R A C K I N G

Microchemistry and Mechanics Issues in Stress Corrosion Cracking--

R U S S EL L H . JO N E S , M I C H A E L J . D A N I E L S O N , A N D D O N A L D R . B A E R

Environmentally Assisted Crack Growth in Structural Alloys: Perspectives

a n d N e w D i r e c t i o n s - - - R O B E R T P . W E I A N D R IC H A R D P. G AN G L O F F

29

61

84

101

127

151

184

209

233



FRACTURE MECHANICS OF NONMETALS AND NEW FRONTIERS

T h e N e w H i g h - T o u g h n e s s C e r a m i c s - - A . G . E V A N S 2 6 7

P A R T II--Contributed Papers

ANALYTICAL FRACTURE MECHANICS

S t r e ss - In t e n s it y F a c t o r s f o r S m a l l S u r f a c e a n d C o r n e r C r a c k s in P l a t e s - -

I V A T U R Y S. RAJU, SATYA N. ATLURI, AND JAMES C. NEWMAN, JR.

I n t e r se c t io n o f S u r f a c e F l aw s w i th F r e e S u r fa c e s: A n E x p e r i m e n t a l S t u d y - -

C . W. SMITH, T. L. THEISS, AND M. REZVANI

A n E f f i c ie n t F i n i t e - E l e m e n t E v a l u a t i o n o f E x p li c it W e i g h t F u n c t i o n s fo r

M i x e d - M o d e C r a c k s i n an O r t h o tr o p i c M a t e r i a l - - G E O R G E T . S H A,

CHIEN-TUNG YANG, AND JAMES S. ONG

A u t o m a t e d G e n e r a t i o n o f I n f l u e n c e F u n c t i o n s f o r Pl a n ar C r a c k

P r o b l e m s - - R O B E R T A . S IR E , D A V I D O . H A R R IS A N D E RN E S T D . E A S O N

NONLINEAR AND TIME-DEPENDENT FRACTURE MECHANICS

F r a c t u r e T o u g h n e s s in t h e T r a n s it io n R e g i m e f o r A 5 3 3 B S t e e l: P r e d i c t i o n o f

L a r g e S p e c i m e n R e s u l t s f r o m S m a l l S p e c i m e n T es tS --T ER R Y I N G H A M ,

NIGEL KNEE, IAN MILNE, AND EDDIE MORLAND

Pla s t i c Co l l a ps e in Pa r t -W a l l F la ws in P la teS- -ANTHONY A . W I L L O U G H B Y

AND TIM G. DAVEY

A C o m p a r i s o n o f C r a c k -T ip O p e n i n g D i s p l a c e m e n t D u c t i l e I ns ta b il it y

A n a l y s e s - - J . R O B IN G O R D O N A N D S T E P H EN J . G A R W O O D

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MICROMECHANICAL MODELING

E f f ec t o f V o i d N u c l e a t i o n o n F r a ct u re T o u g h n e s s o f H i g h -S tr e n g t h

A u s t e n i t i c St ee ls -- PA TR IC K T. PURTSCHER, RICHARD P. REED,

AND DAVID T. READ

D y n a m i c B r it tl e F r ac tu r e A n a ly s is B a s e d o n C o n t i n u u m D a m a g e M e c h a n i c s - -

E R - P I N G CHEN

E f f ec t o f L o a d i n g R a t e a n d T h e r m a l A g i n g o n t h e F r a c t u re T o u g h n e s s o f

S ta in l e s s -S t ee l A l l o y s - - W I L L I A M J . M IL LS

FATIGUE CRACK PROPAGATION

F a ti gu e C r a c k G r o w t h U n d e r C o m b i n e d M o d e I an d M o d e I I L o a d i n g - -

S T E F A N I E E. STANZL, MAXIMILIAN CZEG LEY, HERWIG R. MAY ER,

AND ELMAR K. TSCHEGG

2 9 7

3 1 7

3 2 7

3 5 1

3 6 9

3 9 0

4 1 0

4 3 3

4 4 7

4 5 9

4 7 9



On the Influence of Crack Plane Orientation in Fatigue Crack Propagation

and Catastrophic Failure--LESLIEBANKS-SILLS AND DANIEL SCHUR 497

Fracture Mechanics Model of Fatigue Crack Closure in Steel--

YOICHI TANAKA AND ISAO SOYA 514

A Finite -Element Investigation of Viscoplastic-lnduced Closure of Short

Cracks at High Temperatures--ANTHONY PALAZOTFOAND E. BEDNARZ

Crack Opening Under Variable Ampl itude Loads--FARREL J. ZWERNEMAN

AND KARL H. FRANK

530

548

ENVIRONMENTALLY ASSISTED CRACKING

Strain-Induced Hydrides and Hydrogen-Assisted Crack Growth in aTi-6AI-4V AUoy--SHU-JUN GAO, HAN-ZHONG XIAO, AND XIAO-JING WAN

Gaseous-Environment Fatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of a Low-Alloy

Steel--P. K. LIAW, T. R. LEAX, AND J. K. DONALD

569

581

The Crack Velocity-K~ Relationship for AIS I 4340 in Seawater Under Fixed

and Rising Displacement--RONALD A. MAYVILLE, THOMAS J. WARREN,

AND PETER D. HILTON 605

Influence of Cathodic Charging on the Tensile and Fracture Proper ties ofThree High-Strength Steels--VERONIQUE TREMBLAY, PHUC NGUYEN-DUY,

AND J. IVAN DICKSON 615

Threshold Crack Growth Behavior of Nickel-Base Superalloy at Elevated

Temperature--NOEL E. ASHBAUGHAND THEODORE NICHOLAS

FRACTURE MECHANICS OF NONMETALS AND NEW FRONTIERS

628

Streng th o f S t re s s S ingu la r i t y a nd S t re s s - ln t ens i t y Fa c tors f or a Tra nsvers e Cra ck

in Finite Symmetric Cross-Ply Laminates Under Tension--JIA-MIN BAI

AND TSU-TAO LOO 641

Fracture Behavior of Compacted Fine-Grained SoiIS--HSAI-YANGFANG,

G. K. MILROUDIS, AND SIBEL PAMUKCU 659

Fracture-Mechanics Approach to Tribology Problems--YUKITAKA MURAKAMI

AND MOTOHIRO KANETA 668

INDEXES

A u t h o r I n d ex 691

Subject Index 693



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STP1020 Foreword