StimulantsStimulants

MarijuanaMarijuana

DepressantsDepressants

HallucinogensHallucinogens

NarcoticsNarcotics

SteroidsSteroids

InhalantsInhalants

Designer Drugs Designer Drugs

ADDICTION

• Physical addiction-body chemistry changes,

The body must have the drug to function normally

• Psychological addiction- a strong mental craving for the drug

This can occur without physical addiction

Drugs produce euphoria by imitating the brain’s natural way of producing feelings of pleasure.

Endorphins- pleasure-producing chemical of the brain.

Dysphoria- lack of endorphins produces unpleasant feelings

DRUG ABUSE DEFINED Drug use- taking of a drug correctly

ex: medicine Drug abuse- taking of a drug for nonmedical purpose,

and in a manner that can damage one’s health Drug misuse- taking of a drug for its correct medial

purpose, but not in the right amount, frequency, strength or manner.

Recreational drug use- people who take mind altering drugs and claim no harmful health effects.

DEPRESSANTS Slows down the brain and the central

nervous system Sedatives: drugs that have a soothing

and produce tranquil effects Barbiturates: depressant drugs that

slow the activity of the CNS

ALCOHOL

 

                                           

Today there are many legally prescribed drugs that are being abused. Of those abused, those with depressive qualities are among the most widely abused.

Barbiturates are used in the treatment of anxiety disorders, tension, panic attacks and sleep disorders. In high doses, some depressants are used as general anesthetics.

Barbiturates: Barbiturates, such as mephobarbital (Mebaral) and pentobarbital sodium (Nembutalare used to treat anxiety, tension, and sleep disorders.

BARBITURATES/SEDATIVES

GHB GHB (Gama Hydroxybutyric

Acid) is a synthetic depressant produced in clandestine labs. While available as a prescription for sleep disorders in some other countries GHB was banned by the FDA in 1990 because of the dangers associated with its use. However, on July 17th, 2002, GHB was approved for treatment of a rare form of narcolepsy. Most of the GHB used in the U.S. is illegally manufactured within its borders.

GHB

 GHB can be made from ingredients such as GBL (gamma-butyrolactone), a solvent commonly used as a paint stripper, or butanediol (1,4-butanediol), a chemical used in the production of plastics and adhesives. Both GBL and butanediol are metabolized into GHB in the body. GHB, GBL, and butanediol are difficult to trace because they quickly leave the body and may be difficult to detect in emergency rooms and other treatment facilities. The FDA has issued warnings for both GBL and 1,4-butanediol, stating that the drugs have a potential for abuse and are a public health danger.

GHB is known as "G," "liquid x","caps," "scoop," "goop," "georgia home boy," and "grievous bodily harm"        GHB is a clear odorless liquid (usually mixed with alcohol) or a white powder (usually made into tablets or capsules.) GHB is snorted, smoked, or mixed into drinks. The most commonly abused form is the liquid. On the street, it is usually sold as a liquid by the dose (a capful from a bottle or drops). In some cities, GHB is put into water guns, and users buy it by the squirt. In other instances, candy, such as a lollipop, is dipped in GHB and sold.

Source: SAMHSA/CSAT, "GHB: A Club Drug to Watch," Substance Abuse Treatment Advisory, Nov. 2002Effects: The effects of GHB vary each time a person uses it and it affects each person differently. Initial effects include euphoria and relaxation. Within 15 minutes nausea, dizziness, drowsiness, visual disturbances, respiratory distress, amnesia, seizures, and coma are possible. It is difficult to predict a person's reaction to GHB-- because GHB is produced in clandestine labs, the purity and strength of doses vary. Coma, poisoning and death resulting from ingestion of GHB have been well documented. As of November 2000, DEA documented 71 GHB-related deaths.

Coma and seizures can occur following abuse of GHB and, when combined with methamphetamine, there appears to be an increased risk of seizure. Combining use with other drugs such as alcohol can result in nausea and difficulty breathing. GHB may also produce withdrawal effects, including insomnia, anxiety, tremors, and sweating. Because of concern about Rohypnol, GHB, and other similarly abused sedative-hypnotics, Congress passed the "Drug-Induced Rape Prevention and Punishment Act of 1996" in October 1996. This legislation increased Federal penalties for use of any controlled substance to aid in sexual assault.

GHB Like Rohypnol, GHB is

considered a "date rape" drug because it can be mixed with liquids (even water) and a victim wouldn't notice by smelling or looking at it. GHB, by itself, has a soapy or salty taste--but when mixed in a drink it may be difficult to detect.

MARIJUANAMARIJUANA

Most abused illegal drugMost abused illegal drug Nick names: pot, grass, weed, dope, Nick names: pot, grass, weed, dope,

hash, reefer, sinsimilla hash, reefer, sinsimilla Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol or THC

produce the euphoriaproduce the euphoria 90% of THC absorbed into lungs then 90% of THC absorbed into lungs then

travels to blood stream then to brain.travels to blood stream then to brain.

                                               

Cannabis sativa, the hemp plant, grows wild Cannabis sativa, the hemp plant, grows wild throughout most of the tropic and temperate throughout most of the tropic and temperate regions of the world. Prior to the advent of regions of the world. Prior to the advent of synthetic fibers, the cannabis plant was synthetic fibers, the cannabis plant was cultivated for the tough fiber of its stem. cultivated for the tough fiber of its stem. Cannabis contains chemicals that are Cannabis contains chemicals that are unique to the cannabis unique to the cannabis plant---"cannabinoids." Among the plant---"cannabinoids." Among the cannabinoids synthesized by the plant are cannabinoids synthesized by the plant are cannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinolidic cannabinol, cannabidiol, cannabinolidic acids, cannabigerol, cannabichromene, and acids, cannabigerol, cannabichromene, and several isomers of tetrahydrocannabinol. several isomers of tetrahydrocannabinol. One of these, delta-9-tetrhydrocannabinol One of these, delta-9-tetrhydrocannabinol (THC), is responsible for the psychoactive (THC), is responsible for the psychoactive effects of cannabis. effects of cannabis.

Three drugs derived from the cannabis plant Three drugs derived from the cannabis plant (marijuana, hashish, and hashish oil) are (marijuana, hashish, and hashish oil) are currently distributed on the U.S. illicit currently distributed on the U.S. illicit market.      market.      

While most of the THC in cannabis plants is While most of the THC in cannabis plants is concentrated in the marijuana , all parts of concentrated in the marijuana , all parts of the plant, including hemp, have been found the plant, including hemp, have been found to contain THC. The existence of THC in to contain THC. The existence of THC in hemp is significant because THC, like hemp is significant because THC, like marijuana, is a schedule I controlled marijuana, is a schedule I controlled substance.substance.

What is "hemp"?What is "hemp"? Hemp and marijuana are actually separate Hemp and marijuana are actually separate

parts of the cannabis plant. The marijuana parts of the cannabis plant. The marijuana portions of the cannabis plant include the portions of the cannabis plant include the flowering tops (buds), the leaves, and the flowering tops (buds), the leaves, and the resin of the cannabis plant. The remainder resin of the cannabis plant. The remainder of the plant — stalks and sterilized seeds — of the plant — stalks and sterilized seeds — is what some people refer to as “hemp.” is what some people refer to as “hemp.” However, “hemp” is not a term that is found However, “hemp” is not a term that is found inin federal law. federal law.

DELTA-9TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL/THCDELTA-9TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL/THC

•Acts as a depressant, hallucinogen, and Acts as a depressant, hallucinogen, and stimulantstimulant•Marijuana is processed in the brain, liver, Marijuana is processed in the brain, liver, lungs, reproductive organs and kidneys.lungs, reproductive organs and kidneys.•THC is fat soluble. It does not dissolve in THC is fat soluble. It does not dissolve in water. Stored in fatty tissue. Acts like water. Stored in fatty tissue. Acts like sponge.sponge.•Alters hearing, touch, taste, smell, sense Alters hearing, touch, taste, smell, sense of time, space, and feelings of the bodyof time, space, and feelings of the body•THC transported out of the body through THC transported out of the body through the urine.the urine.

Burns hotter than tobacco Burns hotter than tobacco therefore more damage to therefore more damage to lungslungs

A urine test can detect A urine test can detect marijuana up to 6 months after marijuana up to 6 months after use.use.

There are 400 chemicals found There are 400 chemicals found in marijuana in addition to in marijuana in addition to THC. THC.

Due to body chemistry Due to body chemistry experiences may differ from experiences may differ from individual to another.individual to another.

Reactions to marijuana may be Reactions to marijuana may be uncontrollable laughter to uncontrollable laughter to euphoria. The vary depends euphoria. The vary depends on expectations, surroundings on expectations, surroundings and the history of the user.and the history of the user.

Hash is the dark, brown resin Hash is the dark, brown resin from the top of the cannabis from the top of the cannabis plant. Contains a higher plant. Contains a higher concentration of THC.concentration of THC.

EFFECTS OF MARIJUANAEFFECTS OF MARIJUANA

Speeds up the heart Speeds up the heart 50% faster50% faster

Damages lungs and Damages lungs and immune systemimmune system

Effects sight (tunnel Effects sight (tunnel vision)vision)

THC is fat solubleTHC is fat soluble THC stays in the body THC stays in the body

up to 30 daysup to 30 days

Marijuana burns hotter Marijuana burns hotter (damages lungs)(damages lungs)

THC is stored in the THC is stored in the brain, lungs, liver, brain, lungs, liver, kidneys, ovaries, kidneys, ovaries, testestestes

Marijuana/pot/reeferMarijuana/pot/reefer

HARMFUL EFFECTS OF MARIJUANAHARMFUL EFFECTS OF MARIJUANA

Feelings of dysphoriaFeelings of dysphoria

Short term memory lossShort term memory loss

Shortened attention spanShortened attention span

Rapid, irregular heartbeats Rapid, irregular heartbeats

Speeds up heart rate 50% fasterSpeeds up heart rate 50% faster

Impaired immune systemImpaired immune system

Decrease reaction timeDecrease reaction time

Depth perceptionDepth perception

Effects motivation “BURN OUT”Effects motivation “BURN OUT”

SIDE EFFECTS OF THE MALESIDE EFFECTS OF THE MALE

•Reduces hormone level (testosterone)Reduces hormone level (testosterone)

•Decreases secondary sex Decreases secondary sex characteristics (teen smoker)characteristics (teen smoker)

facial hairfacial hairtestes don’t growtestes don’t growsperm production lowsperm production lowsperm deformitysperm deformity

SIDE EFFECTS OF THE FEMALESIDE EFFECTS OF THE FEMALE

•Lower levels of estrogenLower levels of estrogen

•Menstrual cycle stopsMenstrual cycle stops

•THC stored in ovaryTHC stored in ovary

•Deformity of female sex cell, the eggDeformity of female sex cell, the egg

MARIJUANA

BIRTH

DEFECTS

The next slide you will view was a picture created by a junior in high school who was high on pot.

NO! Marijuana does not make you an artist.

He could already draw!

STIMULANTSSTIMULANTS

Speeds up the heartSpeeds up the heart Speeds up respiratorySpeeds up respiratory Speeds up blood Speeds up blood

pressurepressure Dilates pupilsDilates pupils Decrease appetiteDecrease appetite

SIDE EFFECTSSIDE EFFECTS sweatingsweating MoodinessMoodiness AnxietyAnxiety HeadacheHeadache SleeplessnessSleeplessness RestlessnessRestlessness ParanoiaParanoia hallucinationshallucinations

EphedrineEphedrine: a stimulant added to look-: a stimulant added to look-alikes and diet pills, and found in herbs alikes and diet pills, and found in herbs such as ma mahuang: has caused heart such as ma mahuang: has caused heart attacks, strokes, seizures, and death, attacks, strokes, seizures, and death, especially when combined with especially when combined with caffeine.caffeine.

AMPHETAMINESAMPHETAMINES

DIET PILLSDIET PILLS

METHAMPHETAMINESMETHAMPHETAMINES

CrankCrank SpeedSpeed IceIce Crystal methCrystal meth

Smoked, snorted,Smoked, snorted,injected, swallowedinjected, swallowed

1 gallon of meth produces 1 gallon of meth produces 2 gallons of toxic 2 gallons of toxic materialmaterial

AMPHETAMINESAMPHETAMINES Amphetamines and methamphetamines are collectively referred to as Amphetamines and methamphetamines are collectively referred to as

amphetamines. Their chemical properties and actions are so similar amphetamines. Their chemical properties and actions are so similar that even experienced users have difficulty knowing which drug they that even experienced users have difficulty knowing which drug they have takenhave taken

During World War II, amphetamines were widely used to keep the During World War II, amphetamines were widely used to keep the

fighting men going; both dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) and fighting men going; both dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) and methamphetamine (Methedrine) became readily available. As use of methamphetamine (Methedrine) became readily available. As use of amphetamines spread, so did their abuse. Amphetamines became a amphetamines spread, so did their abuse. Amphetamines became a cure-all for helping truckers to complete their long routes without cure-all for helping truckers to complete their long routes without falling asleep, for weight control, for helping athletes to perform better falling asleep, for weight control, for helping athletes to perform better and train longer, and for treating mild depression. and train longer, and for treating mild depression.

Intravenous amphetamine abuse spread among a subculture known Intravenous amphetamine abuse spread among a subculture known as "speed freaks." With experience, it became evident that the dangers as "speed freaks." With experience, it became evident that the dangers of abuse of these drugs outweighed most of their therapeutic uses.of abuse of these drugs outweighed most of their therapeutic uses.

COCAINE/CRACKCOCAINE/CRACK

Harvested from a Harvested from a coca bush grown in coca bush grown in South AmericaSouth America

White powder formWhite powder form

1906 cocaine syrup 1906 cocaine syrup found in coca colafound in coca cola

Cocaine is considered by some as the Cocaine is considered by some as the greatest drug threat to the US because it greatest drug threat to the US because it leads in drug-related violence, emergency leads in drug-related violence, emergency department mentions of cocaine use, department mentions of cocaine use, admissions to treatment facilities and admissions to treatment facilities and arrests. arrests.

           

     

                                      

     

Street Terms: coke, snow, nose candy, flake, blow, big C, lady, snowbirds, white

       

             

There is great risk whether cocaine is ingested by inhalation (snorting), injection, or smoking. It appears that compulsive cocaine use may develop even more rapidly if the substance is smoked rather than snorted. Smoking allows extremely high doses of cocaine to reach the brain very quickly and brings an intense and immediate high. The injecting drug user is at risk for transmitting or acquiring HIV infection/AIDS if needles or other injection equipment are shared

  Moderate Dose:Moderate Dose: disturbances in heart rhythm, disturbances in heart rhythm, increased heart and respiratory rates, elevated blood increased heart and respiratory rates, elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, decreased appetite, excessive pressure, dilated pupils, decreased appetite, excessive activity, talkativeness, irritability, argumentative behavior, activity, talkativeness, irritability, argumentative behavior, nervousness or agitation.nervousness or agitation.

High Dose:High Dose: loss of coordination, collapse, perspiration, loss of coordination, collapse, perspiration, blurred vision, dizziness, feeling of restlessness, anxiety, blurred vision, dizziness, feeling of restlessness, anxiety, delusions, heart attacks, chest pain, respiratory failure, delusions, heart attacks, chest pain, respiratory failure, strokes, seizures and headaches, abdominal pain, strokes, seizures and headaches, abdominal pain, nausea, paranoianausea, paranoia

..Symptoms of Overdose:Symptoms of Overdose: increase in body increase in body temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, death  temperature, hallucinations, convulsions, death  

EFFECTS OF COCAINE USE:

                                   

                                        

Wholesale cocaine traffickers purchase cocaine from importers and regional distributors usually in kilogram or multi-kilogram allotments. The photograph to the right is of one kilogram (2.2 pounds) of pure cocaine pressed into a "kilo-brick." This is generally the manner in which cocaine is shipped from Columbia or other cocaine producing countries to the United States and other consuming countries

Once the cocaine reaches it's "consuming country," other wholesalers package the powder cocaine into retail quantities (ounces or grams) or convert the powdered cocaine into crack for retail sales.

     

One way drug dealers smuggle drugs into the United States is by filling balloons or prophylactics with cocaine or other drugs and swallowing them. Just before boarding a commercial aircraft to the U.S., the smuggler swallows the balloons. When the smuggler arrives in the U.S., he or she is met by an accomplice who takes them to a hotel (or other place) to consume a laxative and flush the balloons ("poopers") from their body.

COCAINE/CRACKCOCAINE/CRACK

INJECTED (HIV)INJECTED (HIV) SNORTED (glass)SNORTED (glass) CRASH FOLLOWED CRASH FOLLOWED

BYDEPRESSIONBYDEPRESSION HEART ATTACKHEART ATTACK MALNUTRTIONMALNUTRTION

FORM OF COCAINEFORM OF COCAINE ““FREEBASING”FREEBASING” CRACKLING SOUNDCRACKLING SOUND SMOKING ROCKSSMOKING ROCKS HIGH IN 10 HIGH IN 10

SECONDSSECONDS EXTREMELY EXTREMELY

ADDICITIVE!ADDICITIVE!

DRUG HIGH VARIABLESDRUG HIGH VARIABLES

1. TOLERANCE OF THE BODY1. TOLERANCE OF THE BODY

2. AMOUNT OF THE DRUG OR 2. AMOUNT OF THE DRUG OR CONCENTRATIONCONCENTRATION

3. METHOD OF INGESTION:3. METHOD OF INGESTION:• SnortedSnorted 3 minutes3 minutes• InjectedInjected 30-60 seconds30-60 seconds• InhaledInhaled 6 seconds6 seconds

PROCESS OF CRACKPROCESS OF CRACK

Coca leaves + sulfuric acid+ kerosene=coca pasteCoca leaves + sulfuric acid+ kerosene=coca paste

Paste + HCL + solvent = cocaine HCL (sniff, inject)Paste + HCL + solvent = cocaine HCL (sniff, inject)

Cocaine HCL + alkali = basic cocaine (freebasing,ether)Cocaine HCL + alkali = basic cocaine (freebasing,ether)

Cocaine HCL + baking soda + water + energy = CrackCocaine HCL + baking soda + water + energy = Crack

Dried and broken into “rocks”Dried and broken into “rocks”

Cocaine abuse is a problem for over 1 million people in the United Cocaine abuse is a problem for over 1 million people in the United States.States.

NARCOTICS/OPIATESNARCOTICS/OPIATESOpiatesOpiates: a group of drugs derived form the opium poppy. That : a group of drugs derived form the opium poppy. That relieves pain and induces sleep. Also known as narcoticsrelieves pain and induces sleep. Also known as narcotics

NarcoticsNarcotics: habit-forming drugs that relieve pain and produce : habit-forming drugs that relieve pain and produce sleep when taken in moderate doses/ also called opiates. sleep when taken in moderate doses/ also called opiates. Because most are derived from the opium poppy.Because most are derived from the opium poppy.

CodeineCodeine: a narcotic that commonly used for suppressing coughs.: a narcotic that commonly used for suppressing coughs.

OpiumOpium: a narcotic drug that relieves pain and induces sleep, : a narcotic drug that relieves pain and induces sleep, made from the poppymade from the poppy

MorphineMorphine: narcotic, painkiller prescribed by doctors: narcotic, painkiller prescribed by doctors

Heroin:Heroin: narcotic, made from morphine, illegal narcotic, made from morphine, illegal

HEROINHEROINHeroin, an illegal opiate drug known on the street Heroin, an illegal opiate drug known on the street as smack, junk, brown sugar, dope, horse, skunk as smack, junk, brown sugar, dope, horse, skunk and other names is derived from the resin of the and other names is derived from the resin of the poppy plant which grows predominantly in poppy plant which grows predominantly in southeast and southwest Asia, Mexico and now in southeast and southwest Asia, Mexico and now in Colombia. It is manufactured in remote Colombia. It is manufactured in remote laboratories using rudimentary equipment which laboratories using rudimentary equipment which presses the powder into bricks for bulk shipment presses the powder into bricks for bulk shipment to destination countries like the United States. to destination countries like the United States. Smaller amounts are smuggled by couriers who Smaller amounts are smuggled by couriers who swallow heroin-filled latex balloons before swallow heroin-filled latex balloons before boarding commercial airlines. boarding commercial airlines. 

Pure heroin is a white powder with a bitter taste. Pure heroin is a white powder with a bitter taste. Most illicit heroin is a powder form which may vary Most illicit heroin is a powder form which may vary in color from white to dark brown because of in color from white to dark brown because of impurities left from the manufacturing process or impurities left from the manufacturing process or the presence of additives. Pure heroin is rarely the presence of additives. Pure heroin is rarely sold on the street. A "bag" --slang for a single sold on the street. A "bag" --slang for a single dosage unit of heroin--may contain 100 mg of dosage unit of heroin--may contain 100 mg of powder, only a small portion of which is heroin. powder, only a small portion of which is heroin. The remainder could be sugars, starch, powdered The remainder could be sugars, starch, powdered milk, or quinine. Traditionally the purity of heroin in milk, or quinine. Traditionally the purity of heroin in a "bag" has ranged from one to ten percent. More a "bag" has ranged from one to ten percent. More recently, heroin purity has ranged from one to recently, heroin purity has ranged from one to ninety-eight percent, with a national average of ninety-eight percent, with a national average of thirty-five percent. thirty-five percent. 

HEROIN ADDICTION

METHADONEMETHADONEGerman scientists synthesized German scientists synthesized methadone during World War II methadone during World War II because of a shortage of because of a shortage of morphine. Although chemically morphine. Although chemically unlike morphine or heroin, unlike morphine or heroin, methadone produces many of methadone produces many of the same effects. the same effects. Introduced into the United Introduced into the United States in 1947 as an analgesic States in 1947 as an analgesic (Dolophinel), it is primarily used (Dolophinel), it is primarily used today for the treatment of today for the treatment of narcotic addiction. HEROINnarcotic addiction. HEROINIt is available in oral solutions, It is available in oral solutions, tablets, and injectable Schedule tablets, and injectable Schedule II formulations, and is almost as II formulations, and is almost as effective when administered effective when administered orally as it is by injection.orally as it is by injection. Methadone's effects can last up Methadone's effects can last up to 24 hours.to 24 hours.

OPIUMOPIUMThere were no legal restrictions on There were no legal restrictions on the importation or use of opium the importation or use of opium until the early 1900s. In the United until the early 1900s. In the United States, the unrestricted availability States, the unrestricted availability of opium, the influx of opium-of opium, the influx of opium-smoking immigrants from East smoking immigrants from East Asia, and the invention of the Asia, and the invention of the hypodermic needle contributed to hypodermic needle contributed to the more severe variety of the more severe variety of compulsive drug abuse seen at compulsive drug abuse seen at the turn of the 20th century. In the turn of the 20th century. In those days, medicines often those days, medicines often contained opium without any contained opium without any warning label. Today, there are warning label. Today, there are state, federal, and international state, federal, and international laws governing the production and laws governing the production and distribution of narcotic substances.distribution of narcotic substances.

                 

   

 

                                   

              

CODEINE/MORPHINECODEINE/MORPHINE

Codeine is medically Codeine is medically prescribed for the relief of prescribed for the relief of moderate pain and cough moderate pain and cough suppression. Compared to suppression. Compared to morphine, codeine produces morphine, codeine produces less analgesia, sedation, and less analgesia, sedation, and respiratory depression, and is respiratory depression, and is usually taken orally. usually taken orally. It is made into tablets either It is made into tablets either alone (Schedule II) or in alone (Schedule II) or in combination with aspirin or combination with aspirin or acetaminophen (i.e., Tylenol acetaminophen (i.e., Tylenol with Codeine, Schedule III). with Codeine, Schedule III). As a cough suppressant, As a cough suppressant, codeine is found in a number codeine is found in a number of liquid preparationsof liquid preparations

MORPHINEMORPHINEMorphine is one of the most Morphine is one of the most effective drugs known for effective drugs known for the relief of severe pain and the relief of severe pain and remains the standard remains the standard against which new against which new analgesics are measured. analgesics are measured. Like most narcotics, the use Like most narcotics, the use of morphine has increased of morphine has increased significantly in recent years. significantly in recent years. Since 1990, there has been Since 1990, there has been about a 3-fold increase in about a 3-fold increase in morphine products in the morphine products in the United States. United States.

 

                              

OXYCONTIN/OXYCODONEOXYCONTIN/OXYCODONEAbuse of the prescription pain reliever OxyContin® are serious problems in certain areas of the United States, particularly in the East. In 1996, OxyContin® was introduced as a longer lasting dosage of oxycodone, which is prescribed for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Since 1996, Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) data indicate an increasing number of deaths associated with oxycodone. The growing abuse of OxyContin®, commonly known as Oxy’s, OC’s, Killers, Poor Man’s Heroin, and Hillbilly Heroin, is leading to an increase in burglaries, thefts, and robberies of residences and pharmacies.

HALLUCINOGENS

• LSD: lysergic acid diethylamide a powerful hallucinogenic

• PCP: phencyclidine hydrochloride animal tranquilizer, abused by human beings as

a hallucinogen.

• Peyote: a cactus that produces the hallucinogen mescaline

• Psilocybin: hallucinogen produced by mushrooms

LSDD-lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is the most potent hallucinogenic substance known to man. Dosages of LSD are measured in micrograms, or millionths of a gram. By comparison, dosages of cocaine and heroin are measured in milligrams, or thousandths of a gram. Compared to other hallucinogenic substances, LSD is 100 times more potent than psilocybin and psilocin and 4,000 times more potent than mescaline. 

LSD is classified as a Schedule I drug in the Controlled Substances Act of 1970. As a Schedule I drug, LSD meets the following three criteria: it is deemed to have a high potential for abuse; it has no legitimate medical use in treatment; and, there is a lack of accepted safety for its use under medical supervision. 

LSD is being concealed in candy Sweet Tarts by simply placing a clear drop of the drug in the tart. Tarts may or may not have a slight discoloration such as on the pink tart above. Tarts are becoming more popular as a method of concealment. Tarts are used in this instance, however, many other candy products can be used as well.

LSD is being concealed in candy Sweet Tarts by simply placing a clear drop of the drug in the tart. Tarts may or may not have a slight discoloration such as on the pink tart above. Tarts are becoming more popular as a method of concealment. Tarts are used in this instance, however, many other candy products can be used as well.

LSD is being concealed in candy Sweet Tarts by simply placing a clear drop of the drug in the tart. Tarts may or may not have a slight discoloration such as on the pink tart above. Tarts are becoming more popular as a method of concealment. Tarts are used in this instance, however, many other candy products can be used as well.

LSD is being concealed in candy Sweet Tarts by simply placing a clear drop of the drug in the tart. Tarts may or may not have a slight discoloration such as on the pink tart above. Tarts are becoming more popular as a method of concealment. Tarts are used in this instance, however, many other candy products can be used as well.

The effects of LSD are unpredictable. They depend on the amount taken, the user's personality, mood and expectations, and the surroundings in which the drug is used. Usually, the user feels the first effects of the drug 30-90 minutes after taking it.

These effects include dilated pupils, higher body temperature, increased heart rate and blood pressure, sweating, loss of appetite, sleeplessness, dry mouth, and tremors. Sensations and feelings change much more dramatically than the physical signs.

The user may feel several different emotions at once or swing rapidly from one emotion to another.

EFFECTS OF LSD

Phencyclidine, more commonly known as PCP, is illicitly marketed under a number of other names including Angel Dust, Super grass, killer Weed, Embalming Fluid, and Rocket Fuel, reflecting the range of its bizarre and volatile effects.

In its pure form, it is a white crystalline powder that readily dissolves in water. However, most PCP on the illicit market contains a number of contaminates as a result of makeshift manufacturing causing the color to range from tan to brown and the consistency from powder to a gummy mass. Although sold in tablets and capsules as well as line powder and liquid form, it is commonly applied to a leafy material, such as parsley, mint, oregano or marijuana, and smoked.

SHROOMS/MESCALINE•Psilocybin (O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N, N-ethyltryptamine) and psilocyn (4-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine) are obtained from certain mushrooms indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Mexico, and the United States. •As pure chemicals at doses of 10 to 20 mg, these hallucinogens produce muscle relaxation, dilation of pupils, vivid visual and auditory distortions, and emotional disturbances.• Fatal poisoning may occur due to mistaken identity of a mushroom: many varieties of mushrooms are poisonous. •80% of all mushrooms are poisonous!

PEYOTE

Psilocybin (O-phosphoryl-4-hydroxy-N, N-ethyltryptamine) and psilocyn (4-hydroxy-N, N-dimethyltryptamine) are obtained from certain mushrooms indigenous to tropical and subtropical regions of South America, Mexico, and the United States. As pure chemicals at doses of 10 to 20 mg, these hallucinogens produce muscle relaxation, dilation of pupils, vivid visual and auditory distortions, and emotional disturbances. However, the effects

PEYOTE

INHALANTS

• Inhalants are common household and workplace substances that are sniffed or huffed to give the user an immediate head rush or high.

• Inhalants are "sniffed" from an open container or "huffed" from a rag soaked in the substance and held to the face.

• They include a diverse group of chemicals that are found in consumer products such as aerosols, plastic cement, nail polish remover, lighter fluid, hair spray, insecticides, and cleaning solvents.

INHALANTS

Three types of chemicals are used to produce a high.Solvents: liquids that vaporizer at room temperaturePropellants: substances added to products such as paint, hair spray, whip cream, oven cleaner,Medical: ether, chloroform, nitrous oxide, amyl nitrate

SOLVENTS

PROPELLANTS

MEDICAL

ether

Nitrous oxide

Whip cream

Nitrous oxide

• Sudden sniffing death syndrome: sudden death, usually from heart failure, in a person who is startled while sniffing inhalants.

• The fright often occurs upon discovery of the sniffer by an authority figure or when the drug produces a frightening hallucination

•Designer drugs: laboratory-made drugs that closely resemble illegal drugs in chemical, structure, but that are different enough to be legal until ruled illegal.

Lab made drugs that resemble illegal drugs in chemical structure

MDMA (Ecstasy)(mimics meths)

Fentanyl(synthetic heroin)

Created Parkinson’s disease-

destruction of parts of the brain that control muscles

DESIGNER DRUGS

MDMA/ECSTASY

MDMA is marketed as a feel good drug. Devotees say it produces profoundly positive feelings, empathy for others, elimination of anxiety, and extreme relaxation--hence the nickname "hug drug," or "love drug." MDMA is also said to suppress the need to eat, drink, or sleep, enabling club scene users to endure all-night and sometimes two, or three-day parties.      MDMA is taken orally, usually in tablet or capsule form. MDMA tablets are often "stamped" with icons or logos intended to appeal to a young audience. Its effects last approximately four to six hours.

Short Term Effects: increased heart rate, blood

pressure and body temperature; jaw and teeth clenching/muscle tension, hypertension, dehydration, chills and/or sweating, nausea, blurred vision, faintness, dizziness, confusion, insomnia, paranoia

Long Term Use: depression, sleep disorders,

drug craving, persistent elevation of anxiety, paranoia, aggressive and impulsive behavior, rash

Medical Complications:large dose: muscle breakdown, hyperthermia, kidney failure, cardiovascular system failurelong term: liver damage, brain damage, paralysis, and possible others pending research

MDMA, CSA Schedule I, abuse in the United States and the trafficking of MDMA to the United States are on the rise, posing serious social concerns. Once confined to major metropolitan areas on the East and West Coasts, MDMA trafficking has now expanded to smaller communities throughout the country.

MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine), also referred to as Ecstasy, XTC, Adam, and Essence, is a illegally manufactured variation of mescaline and amphetamine. It is considered a designer drug---a substance on the drug market that is a chemical analogue or variation of another psychoactive drug

STEROIDS•  The CSA defines anabolic steroids as

any drug or hormonal substance chemically and pharmacologically related to testosterone (other than estrogen, progestins, and corticosteroids), that promotes muscle growth.

• Most illicit anabolic steroids are sold at gyms, competitions and through mail order operations. For the most part, these substances are smuggled into the United States.

• Those commonly encountered on the illicit market include: boldenone (Equipose), ethylestrenol (Maxibolin), fluoxymesterone (Halotestin), methandriol, methandrostenolone (Dianabol), Depo-Testosterone Android - 25 (mehyltestosterone)

• In addition, a number of bogus or counterfeit products are sold as anabolic steroids. 

When used in combination with exercise training and high protein diet, anabolic steroids can promote increased size and strength of muscles, improve endurance and decrease recovery time between workouts. They are taken orally or by intramuscular injection. Users concerned about drug tolerance often take steroids on a schedule called a cycle. A cycle is a period of between six and 14 weeks of steroid use followed by a period of abstinence.

Additionally, users tend to "stack" the drugs, using multiple drugs concurrently.

Another mode of steroid use is "pyramiding." Users slowly escalate steroid use (increasing the number of drugs used at one time and/or the dose and frequency of one or more steroids) reaching a peak amount at mid-cycle and gradually tapering the dose toward the end of the cycle.

LYLE ALZADO• Started taking steroids in

1969• NFL player• Played 15 years as defensive

end with Denver Broncos,Los Angeles

Raiders, Cleveland Browns• Went form 190 to 220 by

eating• 220 to 300 with steroids• All Pro Team

• Two days after he married his second wife, he was diagnosed with brain lymphoma

• Lost 60 pounds in one month

• Chemotherapy• HGH steroid• Cadavers 20-$30,000• On 10-12 weeks cycles off 2

weeks• Brain seizures• Died at the age of 49.• Left his son Justin

This statue was sculpted in 1808 before the introduction and discovery of steroids.

DO WE NEED STEROIDS FOR A QUICK FIX?

WHAT HAPPENED

TO HARD WORK?

JOHN BELUSHI

AGE 32

DRUG OVERDOSE

LEN BIAS

AGE 23

NCAA/NBA

CRACK

CHRIS FARLEY

AGE 33

HEROIN/

COCAINE

JOHN MATUZAK

AGE 38

STEROIDS

JANIS JOPLIN 27

DENNIS WILSON

AGE 39

DROWNED DRUNK

BEACH BOYS

JIMI HENDRIX AGE 27

GRATEFUL DEAD

BRENT MYDLAND 36

JERRY GARCIA 53

PIGPEN MCKERNAN 26 CIRRHOSIS

ROLLING STONES

BRIAN JONES

AGE 27

DROWNED DRUNK

KURT COBAIN/NIRVANA

AGE 27 DIED APRIL 5, 1994

HEROIN/VALIUM/MARIJUANA

DRUG RELATED SUICIDE

ELVIS PRESSLEY

AGE 42

POLYDRUG

OVERDOSE

LED ZEPPELIN

JOHN BONHAM

AGE 32

ALCOHOL INTOXIFICATION

QUEEN

FREDDIE MERCURY

AGE 45

AIDS DRUG RELATED

RED HOT CHILI PEPPERS

HILLEL SLOVAK

AGE 25

HEROIN OVERDOSE

GRATEFUL DEAD

BRENT MYLAND

AGE 38

MARILYN MONROE

AGE 36

1926-1962

RIVER PHOENIX

AGE 23

HEROIN,

COCAINE,

VALIUM,

MARIJUANA