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States of matter – the different forms in which matter can exist
The state of a substance is determined by thearrangement of molecules that make up the substance.
Shape:
Volume:
definite shape/fixed shape
definite volume/fixed volume
Shape:
Volume:
no definite shape/no fixed shape
definite volume/fixed volume
Shape:
Volume:
no definite shape/no fixed shape
no definite volume/no fixed volume
Plasma is considered the 4th state of matter althoughit does not exist naturally on Earth.
Plasma makes up most of our universe and is found instars and the interstellar environment.
Plasma is made up of electrically charged particles.
4”4”4”4”4”
3”
3”
3”
4”4”4”4”
solids
liquids
gases
Shape:
Volume:
Molecules:
definite shape
definite volume
particles are very close together
particles are fixed in place but can vibrate
Shape:
Volume:
Molecules:
no definite shape
definite volume
particles are farther apart
particles can move around one another
Shape:
Volume:
Molecules:
no definite shape
no definite volume
particles are farthest apart
particles can move away from one another
solid
liquidgas
solid liquid gas
shape
volume
particle spacingand movement
solid liquid gas
shape
volume
particle spacingand movement
definite shape
definite volume
in a fixedplace
can onlyvibrate
no definiteshape
takes shapeof container
definite volume
close togetherbut not fixed
can move around
each other
no definiteshape
takes shapeof container
no definitevolume
spreads to filllarger container
far apart
can move freely
shape volume particle spacingand movement
definite shape
no definite shape
takes shape of container
definite volume
no definite volume
spreads to fill larger container
close togetherbut not fixed
far apart
in a fixedplace
can only vibrate
can move around
each other
can movefreely
Changing states – all matter can change from one state to another state
State of matter changes occur when heat energy is added to or removed from a substance.
There are five processes that can change the state of matter.
freezing
melting
sublimation
condensation
vaporization
Freezing is the change in state from a liquid to a solid that occurs when a substance loses heat energy.
remove heat
Melting is the change in state from a solid to a liquid that occurs when a substance absorbs heat energy.
add heat
Vaporization is the change in state from a liquid to a gas that occurs when a substance absorbs heat energy.
add heat
Condensation is the change in state from a gas to a liquid that occurs when a substance loses heat energy.
remove heat
Sublimation is the change in state from a solid directly to a gas that occurs when a substance absorbs heat energy.
add heat
freezing
melting
1. change in state from a liquid to a solid2. heat energy is removed or lost
1. change in state from a solid to a liquid2. heat energy is added or absorbed
Examples
Examples
vaporization - change in state from a liquid to a gas
1. evaporation -
2. boiling -
occurs at the surface of the liquid
occurs throughout the liquid when a liquid reaches a certain temperature(boiling point)
Two types of vaporization:
1. evaporation
2. boiling
condensation
sublimation
1. change in state from a gas to a liquid2. heat energy is removed or lost
1. change in state from a solid directly to a gas2. heat energy is added or absorbed
Examples
Examples
