Standardizaon+of+emergent …cfi2014.wide.ad.jp/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/02-Hiroshi...2014/06/02 · 802.11 -2012! 802.11aa Video Transport 802.11ac VHT 5GHz TG without Approved

Standardiza)on of emergent Wireless LAN technology and

evalua)on

　Hiroshi Mano (University of Yamanashi)

May 2014 1 Hiroshi Mano (University of Yamanashi)

Groups Type Group Description Chair WG WG11 The IEEE 802.11 Working Group Adrian Stephens SC PUB Publicity Stephen McCann SC WNG Wireless Next Generation Clint Chaplin SC ARC Architecture Mark Hamilton SC JTC1 ISO/IEC/JTC1/SC6 shadow committee Andrew Myles SC REG Regulatory Richard Kennedy TG MC Maintenance (Revision C) Dorothy Stanley TG AH Operation in 900 MHz bands Dave Halasz TG AI Fast Initial Link Setup Hiroshi Mano TG AJ China Millimeter Wave (CMMW) Xiaoming Peng TG AK General Link Setup Donald Eastlake 3rd TG AQ Pre-association Discovery Stephen McCann TG AX High Efficiency Wireless LAN (HEW) Osama Aboul-Magd

14.6.19

Slide 3

IEEE 802.11 Standards Pipeline

PHY

Sponsor Ballot

MAC

Study groups

Published Standard

WG Letter Ballot

802.11 -2012

802.11aa Video Transport

802.11ac VHT 5GHz

TG without Approved draft

Discussion Topics

Published Amendment

802.11af TVWS

802.11ai FILS

802.11 ah

WNG

802.11ae QoS Mgt Frames

802.11ad VHT 60 GHz

PAD 802.11AQ

802.11aj

802.11-2015

GLK 802.11AK

802.11ax

14.6.19

IEEE 802.11 Revisions

802.11k RRM

802.11r Fast Roam

a 54 Mbps 5GHz

b 11 Mbps 2.4GHz

d Intl roaming

802.11V Network

Management

802.11s Mesh

802.11u WIEN

802.11Y Contention

Based Protocol

802.11n High

Throughput (>100 Mbps)

802.11W Management

Frame Security

802.11z TDLS

802.11p WAVE

802.11 -1999

PHY

MAC

802.11 -2012

802.11 -‐2007

802.11aa Video Transport

802.11ae QoS Mgt Frames

802.11ah <1GHz

802.11ac VHT

6Gbps @ 5GHz

802.11ai FILS

802.11ad VHT

6Gbps @ 60GHz

802.11af TV Whitespace

802.11 -‐2003

g 54 Mbps 2.4GHz

e QoS

i Security

h DFS & TPC

j JP bands

f Inter AP

802.11ak GlobalLink

802.11aj 40 & 60 GHz

802.11aq Service Discovery

14.6.19

Wi-‐Lan is following same way of the Internet.

•  Freedom improve the revolu)on . –  Best effort, Stupid network –  Autonomous deployment

•  No King, No president… •  Technology accelerated new services. –  Consump)on of Band width was rapidly increased.

•  The satura)on of technology open the eye of slept incumbent again.

•  More control, central government, ……? •  Is the future internet given by King or Peoples? •  Is the future Wireless connec)on give by…?

May 2014 Hiroshi Mano (University of Yamanashi) 5

What is IEEE802.11ai FILS (Fast Ini)al Link Setup)

•  New amendment to IEEE802.11 •  Purpose –  Reduce the number of packet exchanges during ini)al link setup.

–  Reduce the AP and Network discovery )me for passive scan. –  Reduce the AP and Network discovery )me for ac)ve scan.

•  Benefit –  Improve the efficiency of spectrum usage by reducing the unnecessary air )me occupa)on.

–  Improve the ba_ery life )me by reducing the power consump)on of scanning.

–  Improves user experience of Wi-‐Fi in hot spots. –  Improves user experience with Wi-‐Fi IOT devices .(non click / automa)c connec)on)

Target performance of IEEE802.11ai FILS (Fast Ini)al Link Setup)

•  Required performance of IEEE802.11ai •  IEEE802.11ai aims at providing mechanisms enabling a fast ini)al link

set-‐up in less than 100ms. –  Note: that IEEE802.11ai mechanisms will enable this performance but will

not guarantee the 100ms link set-‐up )me under all circumstances. •  IEEE802.11ai amendment shall support a minimum user load.

Solu)ons shall demonstrate that they support at least 100 non-‐AP STAs entering an ESS within 1 second, and successfully conduc)ng a link set-‐up. –  Note—IEEE802.11ai entertains submissions on the theore)cal limits of the

number of packet exchanges achievable in 1 second as a func)on of packet size and data rate.

•  IEEE802.11ai amendment shall support robustness in the presence of high background load. Solu)ons shall demonstrate that they can provide a link set-‐up for media loads of at least 50%.

Hot spot environment issue •  Environments

•  Busy areas: The famous ”Tokyo Metro Sta)on” measurements •  Increased amount of spectrum & number of networks & number

of devices •  Signaling overhead •  Unnecessary informa)on exchange

•  QoS viola)on •  Offloading, WLAN use is increasing •  It is equally important to shorten the link setup )me as it is

to shorten the data transmission )me •  Shorter scanning reduces power consump)on of the device

Hot spot environment issue 1 •  Most of air )me is occupied by control frame •  Especially undesired probe response frames is overflowing.

•  KDDI’s report •  Understanding

current situa)on of public Wi-‐Fi usage.

•  h_ps://mentor.ieee.org/802.11/dcn/13/11-‐13-‐0523-‐02-‐0hew-‐understanding-‐current-‐situa)on-‐of-‐public-‐wifi-‐usage.pptx

Breakdown of Management frames

Frame type profile at metro station

Problem of high dense area •  Low quality of Wi-‐Fi link due to the FCS errors by interference each other.

•  Most of user turned off the Wi-‐Fi of their smart phone.

•  Caused by –  Power consump)on. –  low quality of network access. – Huge undesired pop up of link detec)on.

•  11ai will solve by –  Reduce the unnecessary management frame. –  Reduce the unnecessary Probe Response by criteria list. –  Improve more air )me by small number of ini)al link setup.

Feature of IEEE802.11ai (Scan)

•  More control to scanning procedures: –  Termina)ng the ongoing scan –  More repor)ng op)ons of the scanning result –  Immediate repor)ng –  Repor)ng aner a channel is scanned –  Legacy, repor)ng aner scanning is completed

•  Announcing one or more neighbor BSS or channel informa)on in Beacon, Probe Response and Fast Discovery (FD) frame –  Avoids scanning of channels with no AP –  BSSID enables more precise ac)ve scanning –  Addi)onal parameters may be included to provide more

informa)on of the neighbor BSSs

Feature of IEEE802.11ai (Higher layer setup)

•  Reduce the number of packet exchanges during ini)al link setup. •  All of necessary informa)on are exchanged in 2 to 3 round trip of packet exchanges.

–  Note: IEEE802.11ai achieves to have an established IP-‐Link aner the set-‐up (ready to use for higher layer protocols / applica)ons) This is a major difference from what we have today (IP-‐setup follows anerwards) and saves lots of )me.

Trial report of feasibility study with FILS !  20 FILS and 20 WPA2 are entering the

service area con)nuously. !  Measured the distance of STA and AP

where STA establish link successfully and received h_p contents.

!  Measured the )me from Associa)on/FILS request to IP address assignment propriety applica)on.

!  h_p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOKaVOPWXTU

•  90% (18/20) FILS STA established link before arriving at in the front of AP.

•  85% (17/20) WPA2 established link since they passed in the front of AP.

•  Average link established )me between FILS request to IP address assignment is 0.742Sec.

•  Average link established )me between Associa)on request to IP address assignment is 21.599Sec

FILS

Service Area

歩

移

動

WPA2

非接続

非接続

Established Link Point

Feasibility study of automobile applica)on •  Fast ini)al link setup enables opportunis)c

vehicle to vehicle communica)on. •  Toyota InfoTechnology Center measured the

number of user text message exchanges during specific )me period.

•  Assump)on –  Air coverage: 50m –  Vehicle speed: 40km/h（11m/Sec） –  Available communica)on )me : 5Sec

•  WPA2: More than 4Sec communica)on )me is required to exchange messages.

•  FILS: it is available to exchange messages under short communica)on )me. –  Y: Number of exchanged messages –  X: Communica)on )me

•  This measurement did only consider the higher layer set-‐up features while using legacy scanning.

•  We expect FURTHER performance increase if the sta)ons implemented the new scanning features.

Why do we need system evalua)on?

•  The system , it is complicate. – Wireless Link –  Transport behavior –  Higher layer setup –  Higher layer mobility –  etc,.

•  The system performance not only depends on wireless link quality.

•  Every single building block inside system affects the total quality.

•  Therefore we have to evaluate the system performance by End-‐to-‐End.


Which kind of combina)on of the interferences should be evaluated?

•  In case of shared spectrum band, there are complex interference over space, )me and frequency domain. –  Infinite combina)on of interference occurs in shared spectrum band.

•  Of course the interference in the same system should be evaluated. –  Wireless LAN Vs Wireless LAN

•  Moore over the interference between different system should be evaluated too. –  Wireless LAN Vs DSRC, ZigBee,Bluetooth,LTE-‐u etc,.

f

P

Interference between different systems over frequency domain.

　t

P

Frame interference over )me domain

Interference between different systems over space domain


Today's system evalua)on method and limita)on.

•  Computer simula)on –  It is popular by economy, scalability and repeatability. –  It provide evalua)on of wireless link with limited Interference condi)on.

–  The real )me simula)on is limited by computer power.

•  Field test –  It is the only way to evaluate the end-‐to-‐end performance with real )me.

–  The repeatability of field test is not sufficient and not so economical.


Limit of computer simula)on

•  Define the specifica)on of every single desired signals and undesired signals.

•  Calculate the Eb/No (SINR) Vs BER between the system. ( Crea)ng BER (SINR) Table)

•  Calculate the link budget of every single path including mul) paths

•  Look up the BER (SINR) Table by the calculated Eb/No (SINR).

•  Evaluate packet (frame) error rate.

•  The combina)on of interference should be specified first.

•  It does not scale for huge combina)on of complex interference.

~

Mod Demod

AWGN or Interference

Eb/No

BER

Tx Rx

Link Budget

Interference

Mul)-‐path

Packet Level Simulator


Requirement of system evalua)on

•  Complexity –  Do not depend on par)cular radio specifica)on. –  Provide reconfigurable radio sources of frequency, modula)on,

power, antenna, sensi)vity and etc,. –  Provide evalua)on of the end-‐to-‐end performance with related

external system elements such as servers and controllers.

•  Immediacy (Real )me) –  Evalua)on should be performed in the real )me

•  Repeatability –  Test scenario should be reusable

•  Scalability –  Suppor)ng high dense environment of radio alloca)on.


Overview of proposed wireless emula)on system

•  Universal test bed for wireless system evalua)on

LAN LAN

Management Network

LAN LAN Service Network

2.4 GHz Outdoor Urban

IEEE802.11 AP

IEEE802.11 STA on High-‐speed vehicle

TV WS Outdoor Urban

IEEE802.11ah /AP

IEEE802.11ah STA

Broadcast Sta)on

2.4 GHz Indoor

IEEE802.11s STA’s

2.4 GHz 900 MHz Outdoor Urban

IEEE802.11 AP

IEEE802.11+LTE +IEEE802.18

LTE BS

TVWS DB Mobile IP etc,. Management Network

Mobile IP etc,.

High-‐speed Handover test (11ai,11u,…) TV White Space test Mesh Network test(11s). CogniNve Wireless test

Heterogeneous Network capability

IEEE802.11s STA’s

Programmable Wireless propaga/on+ Reconfigurable Wireless nodes

Virtual network testbed

Virtual W

ireless system


System Image •  Reconfigurable SDR

–  FPGA base universal SDR Board + PC

•  Scenario Generator –  Sonware +PC

•  Propaga)on emulator –  FPGA Board +PC

P-‐WEM

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR

Scenario Generator

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR

P-‐SDR


Reconfigurable SDR implementa)on •  Evalua)on with several applica)ons and OS •  Reconfigure the all of Radio func)ons

–  LLC , modula)on, demodula)on •  Reconfigure the characteris)c of frontend

•  Channel offset, I/Q offset, Non Linear AMP, Roll off filters, etc,.

Guest OS

VM

Guest OS

VM

Guest OS

VM

LLC-High driver

Host OS (Linux)

LLC-Low (embedded MPU or hard ware)

Base Band Processor

Frontend

PCI-‐E I/F

FPGA

PC

Complex I/Q signal

Sin

I

Q

~ Cos

~ ~

NCO

Noise Noise

LUT

LUT

Gain

Filter

Filter

Heterodyne PA BPF

Gain

Gain

nonlinearity


Scenario Generator •  Sonware calculate the link loss, delay and phase shin of all of propaga)on path by every single scenario )me from given parameter such as –  Path loss model –  Antenna model –  Loca)on (x,y,z) –  Transmit power –  Doppler frequency


Propaga)on emulator •  FPGA based propaga)on emulator add the fluctua)on of

delay, loss and phase on real )me (less than 1uSec). •  And then add the all signals (100Mhz BW for each port)

to the des)na)on port.

d0

L0 ! t0

d1

L1 ! t1

d2

L2 ! t2

dm

Lm ! tm

N1 Tx N1Rx

N2Tx N2Rx

N3Tx N3Rx

NnTx NnRx

2n-‐n Propaga)on paths


Emulate the interference effect between different system

•  Measure the through put by iPerf.

•  Interference of – OFDM vs OFDM

– OFDM vs CW

802.11AP 802.11STA

Interference

iPerf

Desire : OFDM 6Mbps, f=2442MHz

Un-‐desire: OFDM or CW, f=variable

Plot Desire/Un-‐desire power ra)o @10% outage of through put.

Compare proposed Emulator and RF circuit

-40

-20

0

20

40

2400 2420 2440 2460 2480

D/U

(dB

)

Undesired signal frequency (MHz)

D/U ratio @ 10% outage of through put (Desired signal frequency = 2442 MHz)

"CW (Emulator)"

"ODFM (Emulator)"


Emulate the interference effect between different channel of

IEEE802.11 OFDM

802.11STA1 802.11STA2

iPerf

Link1: OFDM 6Mbps 7ch fix

Measure the through put of each Link by the parameter of the A_enua)on between each link.

802.11STA3 802.11STA4 Link2: OFDM 6Mbps ch variable

Valuable A_enua)on ATT


Result

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Link a_enua)on [dB]

Through pu

t [Mbp

s]

Link a_enua)on [dB]

Through pu

t [Mbp

s]

Link a_enua)on [dB]

Through pu

t [Mbp

s]

RF connec)on Computer Simula)on

Emula)on


Applica)on level emula)on


Conclusion

•  IEEE802.11ai –  IEE802.11ai improve the user experience in high dense environment.

–  IEEE802.11ai standard will be published in 2015 •  Wireless & Wired Testbed for system evalua)on –  Evaluate the system performance by End-‐to-‐End is required.

–  Real )me wireless emula)on is available today. –  Common evalua)on method is important for the new technology evalua)on.

–  Sharing wireless emula)on system improve the evalua)on of new proposed ideas with fairness.


Documents

Standardizaon+of+emergent …cfi2014.wide.ad.jp/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/02-Hiroshi...2014/06/02 · 802.11 -2012! 802.11aa Video Transport 802.11ac VHT 5GHz TG without Approved