Standard Specification for Roadworks - JKR-SPJ-1988

8/3/2019 Standard Specification for Roadworks - JKR-SPJ-1988

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Roads BranchPublic Works Department Malaysia

Jalan Sultan Salahuddin50582 Kuala Lumpur

JKR/SPJ/1988

5.0m0m

7.0m0m

StandardSpecifications For

Roadworks


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Standard Specification For Road Works

Cawangan Jalan, Ibu Pejabat JKR, K.L

KERAJAAN MALAYSIA

JABATAN KERJA RAYA MALAYSIA

CAWANGAN JALAN KETUA PENGARAH KERJARAYAIBU PEJABAT JABATAN KERJARAYA MALAYSIA JABATAN KERJARAYA MALAYSIAJALAN SULTAN SALAHUDDIN, JALAN SULTAN SALAHUDDIN 50582 KUALA LUMPUR. 50582 KUALA LUMPUR

FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY

STANDARD SPECIFICATION

FOR

ROAD WORKS


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ADDENDUM NO. 1

This Addendum shall be made part of the JKR Standard Specification For Roads Works

1. Table 4.8 - Gradation Limit For Asphaltic Concrete Clause 4.2.4.2, page S4 21

should read as follows :

Mix Type Wearing Course Binder Course

MixDesignation

ACW 20 ACB 28

B.S Sieve % Passing by weight

37.5 mm

28.0 mm

20.0 mm

14.0 mm

10.0 mm

5.0 mm

3.35 mm

1.18 mm

425 um

150 um

75 um

100

76 -- 100

64 -- 89

56 -- 81

46 -- 71

32 -- 58

20 -- 42

12 -- 28

6 -- 16

4 -- 8

100

80 -- 100

72 -- 93

58 -- 82

50 -- 75

36 -- 58

30 -- 52

18 -- 38

11 -- 25

5 -- 14

3 -- 8

2. Table 4.9- Design Bitumen Contents Clause 4.2.4.3, page S4 - 23 should read as follows :

ACW 20 - Wearing Course 4.5 -- 6.5 %

ACW 28 - Binder Course 4.0 -- 6.0


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ADDENDUM NO. 2


6.2.5.5 Sign Faces

Sign faces for permanent traffic sign shall be as

shown on the Drawing and shall comply with

the Malaysian Standard Specification for

Reflective Sign Faces Materials (MS 1216). All

retro-reflective sheeting shall be fixed in accor-

dance with the manufacturers instruction.

Unless otherwise agreed by the S.O., sign

faces shall be formed from a single piece of

retro-reflective sheeting.

Where, with the aggrement of the S.O., morethan one retro-reflective sheeting is used, the

number of sheets shall be kept to a minimum.

All faces up to 1 m in size shall be produced

with a single sheet and no joint will be

accepted.

Only vertical and horizontal joint shall be per-

mitted and all join in retro-reflective shetting

shall be overlapped by not less than 6 mm. The

overlap in the horizontal joint shall be from the

top and the vertical joint shall be from the left;but joints will be only be accepted for prismatic

retro-reflective sheeting.

Retro-reflective sheeting shall be applied

evenly over the whole surface of the sign plate

and shall adhere fully. it shall be free from

twists, cracks, folds or cuts, air bubbles and

other blemishes.

All retro-reflective sheeting used on the same

sign shall be carefully matched for colour toproduce a uniform appearance both by day and

by night. Non-uniform shades of colour on any

one sign will not be accepted.

The edges of all the retro-reflective sheeting

shall be properly fitted to ensure no

delimination of the sheeting from the base

substrate.

where shetting is applied to the extruded

section by pressure roller, it shall extend over

the top and bottom edges of this sections by not

less than 3 mm.

Any cut-outlet letters, numerals, symbols and

borders shall be of material compatible with the

sheeting to which they are applied. They shall

be applied in accordance with the sheeting

manufacturers instruction.

The finish of all sign faces shall be capable of

passing the tests described in MS 1216, and

and standard of fabrication and workmanship

shall be such that under normal conditions of

service and proper maintenance, the sign faces

shall last not less than 5 years without any

seriousblemishes or defects for Engineering

Grade retro-reflective sheeting and 8 years for

High Intensity and prismatic retro-reflective

sheeting.

The Contractor shall furnish to the S.O. a letterof warranty for the specified period for all sign

faces from the manufacturer of the sheeting or

the sign fabricator.

The retro-reflective sheeting manufacturer shall

furnish the S.O. written warranty that the fluo-

rescent colours shall be durable for a minimum

3 years for temporary signs.


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6.2.6.1.2 Requirements

i) Photometric - Coefficient of

Retroreflection RA

when the sheeting applied on aluminium

test panels is measured in accordance

wth ASTM E 810, it shall have

minimum coefficient of retro-reflectivevalue as shown in Table I. The rotation

angle shall be *90 , the observation

angles shall be 0.2 and 0.5, the

entrance angles and +50, and the

entrance angle (component 1) shall be

- 4, +30, and +50, and the entrance

angle component 2 = 0.


ADDENDUM NO. 3


6.2.6.1 FLUORESCENT ORANGE WIDE ANGLE PRISMATIC RETRO-

REFLECTIVE SHEETING FOR THE WORK ZONE

6.2.6.1.1 Description

The flurescent orange wide angle prismatic

retro-reflective sheeting is specifically designed

for use on rigid substrade work zone signs to

provide high visual impact under nighttime and

daytimedriving condition, including low

visibility periods such as dawn, dusk, and

overcast days. The sheeting shall consist ofprismatic lenses formed in a transparent

flurescent orange synthetic resin, sealed, and

baked with and aggressive presure sensitive

adhesive protected by a removable liner. The

sheeting shall have a smooth surface with a

distinctive interlocking diamond seal pattern

and orrientation marks visible from the face.

TABLE I

Minimum Coefficient of Retroreflection RA

(Candelas per footcandle per square foot)

(90 Rotation Angle*)

Observation Angle ( ) Entrance Angle ( ) Orange

0.20.20.2

1.5

0.50.5

- 4+30+50

-4

+30+50

20012050

80

5020

* The datum mark (arrow) imprinted on the face of the sheeting shall be the datum mark for test

purposes. For the specified 90 rotation angle, the sheeting shall be positioned on the goniometer

so that the direction of this datum mark is perpendicular to the observation plane (this geometry is

equivalent to a 90 orientation angle with a presentation angle of 0 in the measurement geometry

described in Fed. Test Method Standard 370).


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i) Daytime Color

Color shall conform to the reqiurement

of Table II. Daytime color and

maximum spectral radiance factor (peak

reflectance) of sheeting mounted onaluminium test panels shall be

determined instrumentally in accordance

with ASTM E 991.

The value shall be determined on a HunterLab

Labscan 6000 0/45 spectrocolorimeter with

option CMR 559 [or approved equal 0/45

(45/0) instrument withcircumferential viewing(illumination)]. Computation shall be done in

accordance with ASTM E 308 for the 2

observer.


TABLE IIColor Specification Limit ** (Daytime)

Color 1 2 3 4 ReflectanceLimit Y (%)

X Y X Y X Y X Y Min. Max.

Orange(New)

Orange(Weathered)

.583

.583

.416

.416

.523

.523

.397

.397

.560

.560

.360

.360

.631

.631

.369

.369

30

20

-

45

Maximum spectral radiance factor, new : 110%, min.weathered : 60%, min.

iii) Nighttime Color.

Nighttime color of the sheeting applied to alumium test panel shall be determined

instrumentally in accordance with ASTM E 881 and calculated in the u, v coordinate

system in accordance with ASTM E 308. Sheeting shall be measured at 0.33 observation

and - 4 entrance at 90 rotation. Color shall conform to the requirements of Table III.

** The four pairs of chromaticity coordinates determine the acceptable color in terms of the CIE

1931 standard colorimetric system measured with standard illuminatant D65.

TABLE IIColor Specification Limit ** (Nighttime)

Color 1 2 3 4

u v u v u v u v

Orange(New and

Weathered)

.400 .540 .475 .529 .448 .522 .372 .534


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iv) Resistance to Accelerated Weathering.

The retro-reflective surface of the sheeting

shall be weather resistant and show no

appreciable cracking, blistering, crazing, or

dimensional change after 1 yearsunprotected outdoor exposure in south

Florida, south-facing and inclined 45

from the vertical, or after 1500 hours

exposure in a xenon arc weatherometer in

accordance with ASTM G 26, Type B,

Method A. Following exposure, panels

shall be washed in a 5% HCL solution for

45 seconds, rinsed throughly with clean

water, blotted with a soft clean cloth and

brought to equilibrium at standard

conditions. After cleaning, the coefficient

of retroreflection shall be not less than 100

when measured as in D.2, below, and the

color is expected conform to the

requirements of Table II and III for

weathered sheeting. The sample shall :

a) Show no appreciable evidence of

cracking, scaling, pitting, blistering,

edge lifting or curling or more than 1/32

inch (0.08 cm) shrinkage or expansion.

b) Be measured only at angles of 0.2observation, - 4 entrance and 90

rotation. Where more than one panel of

a color is measure, the coefficient or

retroreflection shall be the averange of

all determinations.

v) Impact Resistance.

The retroreflective sheeting applied

according to the sheeting manufacturersrecommendations to a test panel of alloy

6061-T6, 0.040 (0.10 cn) by 3 (7.6 cm)

by 5 (12.7 cm) and conditioned for 24

hours, shall show no cracking outside the

impact of 100 inch-pounds (11.3Nm) using

a weight with a 5/8 in. (15.8 mm) diameter

rounded tip dropped from a height

necessary to generate an impact of 100

inch-pounds, at test temperatures of both

32 F (0 C) and 72 F (22 C).

vi) Resistance to Heat.

The retroreflective sheeting, applied to a

test panel as in E., above and conditioned

for 24 hours, shall be measured in

accordance with paragraph. A. at 0.2observation and - 4 entrance angles at 90

rotation and exposed to 170 + 5F (77 +

3C) for 24 hours in an air circulating

oven. After heat exposure the sheeting

shall retain a minimum of 70% of the

original coefficient of retroreflection.

vii) Field Performance

Retroreflective sheeting processed and

applied to sign blank materials in

accodance with the sheeting

manufacturers recommendations, is

expected to perform effectively for a

minimum of 3 years. the retroreflective

sheeting will be considered unsatisfactory

if it has deteriorated due to natural causes

to the extent that : (1) the sign is ineffective

for its intended purposed when viewed

from a moving vehicle under normal day

and night driving conditions; or (2) the

coefficient of retroreflection is less than100 when measured at 0.2 observation

and - 4 entrance at 90 rotation. All

measurements shall be made after sign

cleaning according to the sheeting

manufacturers recommendations.



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STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR ROADS WORKS

CONTENT PAGE

SECTION 1 General S1-11 to S1-31

SECTION 2 Earthworks S2-1 to S2-20

SECTION 3 Drainage Works S3-1 to S3-31

SECTION 4 Flexible Pavement S4-1 to S4-55

SECTION 5 Portland Cement Concrete Pavement S5-1 to S5-21

SECTION 6 Road Funiture S6-1 to S6-22

SECTION 7 Street Lighting S7-1 to S7-19

SECTION 8 Traffic Signals S8-1 to S8-33

SECTION 9 Concrete S9-1 to S9-39

SECTION 10 Piling Works S10-1 to S10-35


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SECTION 1

GENERAL


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SECTION 1 - GENERALPage

1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT S1-11

1.2 SCOPE OF WORKS S1-111.3 NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS AND UNITS OF MEASUREMENT S1-11

1.3.1 Notes S1-11

1.3.2 Abbreviations S1-11

1.3.3 Units of Measurement S1-11

1.4 PROGRAMME OF WORKS S1-12

1.5 LIMITATION OF SITE S1-12

1.6 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS S1-12

1.7 MATERIALS OF MALAYSIAN ORIGIN S1-12

1.8 SETTING OUT S1-13

1.9 DIMENSIONS AND LEVELS S1-13

1.10 PROTECTION OF WORKS S1-13

1.11 DESIGN OF TEMPORARY WORKS BYTHE CONTRACTOR S1-13

1.12 CONTRACTOR'S SUPERINTENDENCE S1-14

1.13 INSPECTION AND TESTS S1-14

1.14 COVERING UP OF WORK S1-14

1.15 OFFICE ACCOMMODATION FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF S1-14

1.16 VEHICLES FOR THE S.O.'S STAFF S1-16

1.17 CONTRACTOR'S OFFICE AND ACCOMODATION S1-16

1.18 MATERIAL TESTING LABORATORY AND STAFF S1-16

1.19 PROVISION FOR SURVEY INSTRUMENTS AND CHAINMEN S1-17

1.20 MAINTENANCE OF EXISTING ROADS AND PROTECTION

OF TRAFFIC S1-17

1.20.1 Maintenance of Existing Roads, Bridges, Culverts, etc. S1-17

1.20.2 Temporary Diversions S1-17

1.20.3 Half-width Construction and Traffic Control S1-18

1.20.4 Temporary Traffic Signs S1-19

1.20.5 Temporary Works S1-19

1.21 LOCATION, TEMPORARY PROTECTION AND TEMPORARY

DIVERSION OF PUBLIC UTILITY INSTALLATIONS AND

OTHER SERVICES S1-19

1.22 WATER AND ELECTRICITY SUPPLY S1-20

1.23 PROJECT SIGNBOARD S1-20

1.24 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD OF WORKS S1-20

1.25 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS AND MICROFILMING S1-211.26 CLEARING UP OF SITE S1-21

1.27 OPPORTUNITIES FOR OTHER CONTRACTORS S1-21


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Page

APPENDIX 1A GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT S1-22

APPENDIX 1B SCOPE OF WORKS S1-23

APPENDIX 1C VEHICLES FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF S1-24

APPENDIX 1D LIST OF LABORATORY EQUIPMENT

(a) Soil Testing Equipment S1-25

(b) Concrete Testing Equipment S1-27

(c) Flexible Pavement Testing Equipment S1-27

APPENDIX 1E SURVEY EQUIPMENT S1-30

FIGURE 1-1 APERTURE CARD FOR MICROFILM S1-31


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SECTION 1 - GENERAL

1.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION OFTHE PROJECT

The general description of the project is as

given in Appendix 1A.

1.2 SCOPE OF WORKS

The Works covered in this Contract comprise

the provision by the Contractor at his own risk

and cost of all materials, tools, plants, labour,

transport and everything else necessary for the

construction and completion of the Works as

given in Appendix 1B all to the approval of the

S.O.

1.3 NOTES, ABBREVIATIONS ANDUNITS OF MEASUREMENT

1.3.1 Notes

i) Any clause in this Specification which

relates to work or materials not included

in the Works shall be deemed not

applicable.

ii) Unless stated to the contrary, any

dimension of material described means

the finished or fully compacted

dimension.

iii) All Standards and Codes of Practice

referred to in this Specification shall be

deemed to be the editions current at the

time of Tender. If the Malaysian

Standard exists, which the S.O. deems to

be equivalent to the British or otherStandard specified, then the Malaysian

Standard shall be followed.

In the event of any discrepancy between

the provision of this Specification and

the provision within the relevant

Standards or Codes of Practice as

mentioned in this Specification, then the

provision of this Specification shall take

precedence.

iv) The terms "Engineer" and

"Superintending Officer" shall be

synonymous.

1.3.2 Abbreviations

a) M.S. means Malaysian Standards

published by the Scientific and

Industrial Research Institute of

Malaysia (SIRIM).

b) B.S. means British Standards

published by the British Standard

Institution.

c) A.A.S.H.T.O. means The American

Association of State Highway and

Transportation Officials.

d) A.S.T.M. means The American

Society for Testing and Materials.

e) M.D.D. means Maximum Dry

Density.

f) O.M.C. means Optimum Moisture

Content.

g) C.B.R. means California Bearing

Ratio.

h) S.O. means Superintending Officer.

i) B.Q. means Bill of Quantities.

1.3.3 Units of Measurement

All units of measurement used in thisSpecification and in the Bill of

Quantities shall be in accordance with

the metric system unless otherwise

stated.

Where British Imperial units are shown

or stated the following conversions shall

apply :-



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1 inch = 25.40 millimetres

1 foot = 0.3048 metres

1 lb = 0.4536 kilograms

1 gallon = 4.5461 litres

1 lb/sq.in = 6.895 x 10-3 N/sq.mm

1.4 PROGRAMME OF WORKS

Within thirty (30) days after the receipt

of the Letter of Acceptance of Tender,

the Contractor shall submit to the S.O.

for his approval a programme showing

the order of work activities and time

schedule in which the Contractor

proposes to carry out the Works and

shall, whenever required by the S.O. or

the S.O.'s representative, furnish in

writing, particulars of the Contractor's

arrangement for carrying out such works

and of the construction plants and

temporary works, if any, which the

Contractor intends to supply, use or

construct as the case may be. The

submission to and approval by the S.O.

or the S.O.'s representative of such a

programme or the furnishing of such

particulars shall not relieve the

Contractor of any of his duties orresponsibilities under the Contract.

If at any time it should appear to the

S.O. that the actual progress of the

Works does not conform to the approved

programme referred to herein before, the

Contractor shall submit for approval, a

revised programme showing the

modifications to the previously

approved programme necessary to

ensure the completion of the wholeWorks within the time set for

completion.

1.5 LIMITATION OF SITE

The Contractor shall ensure that all his

plants, materials, temporary workshops,

stores and offices are kept within the

Site at locations approved by the S.O.

Should the Contractor require additional

land outside the Site for his workyards,

stores, offices, temporary haul roads or

any other temporary structures, he shall,

on his own, purchase or rent any

additional area he may need.

Areas or area to be rendered as part of

the Site shall be subject to the S.O.'s

approval.

1.6 SUPPLY OF MATERIALS

The Contractor shall place orders for

specified materials at such times as

will enable him to execute the Works in

accordance with his approved

programme.

If the Contractor's failure to supply any

material causes any interruption or delay

in the progress of the Works, the

Government may supply any portion

or all of the materials and the cost

borne by the Contractor shall be either

that as calculated at the current market

rates or the actual cost to the

Government at the date of supply,

including overheads or any othercharges, whichever is the greater.

Any costs incurred under this Section

shall be deducted from the Contract

Sum. No claim for loss of profit under

the conditions of this Contract shall be

deemed to have arisen. No action taken

under this Section shall in any way

affect or modify the right of the

Government to claim for damages in the

event of the Contractor's failure tocomplete the Works by the agreed date.

1.7 MATERIALS OF MALAYSIANORIGIN

Materials of Malaysian origin where

available must be used by the Contractor

to the exclusion of imported materials

and this requirement shall be allowed

for in his tender.



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Under no circumstances shall the

Contractor be permitted to use imported

materials unless he can prove to the

satisfaction of the S.O. that the

materials are not available locally, or if

available are not of an acceptablestandard.

1.8 SETTING OUT

Before commencing the Works at any

location, the Contractor shall provide

and install precast concrete reference

beacons on both sides of the road

centre-line at a spacing of 300 metres.

The beacons shall be firmly sited at right

angles to the centre-line at a distance

from the centre-line of 15 metres or such

other distance as directed by the S.O.

The beacons shall be not less than 75

mm square in plan and shall project at

least 600 mm above the surrounding

ground. Each beacon shall be clearly

marked with its chainage and elevation

above datum.

The Contractor shall take all practicable

steps to safeguard the beacons includingfencing and concreting-in where

necessary in the opinion of the S.O. and

shall immediately replace any damaged

beacons. The Contractor shall give the

S.O. not less than 24 hours notice of his

intention to set out or give levels for

any part of the Works in order that

arrangements may be made for

checking.

1.9 DIMENSIONS AND LEVELS

All temporary benchmarks, reference

markers and levels as shown on the

Drawings shall be checked on the Site

by the Contractor at his own expense

and be confirmed by the S.O.

Before the Works or any part thereof are

commenced, the Contractor shall verify

the levels of the existing ground surface

within areas where earthworks are to be

performed and the locations and bed

levels of water-courses. These maydiffer from the locations and levels

shown on the Drawings owing to

changes which could have taken place

during the interval between the original

survey and construction.

The levels and dimensions taken by the

Contractor jointly with the S.O. shall

form the basis of measurement of the

relevant work quantities.

1.10 PROTECTION OF WORKS

From the commencement of the Works

to the date the Works are taken over by

the Government, the Contractor shall

take full responsibility for the care there

of together with all temporary works

and in case any damage, loss or injury

shall happen to the Works or to any part

thereof or to any temporary works from

any cause whatsoever, he shall at hisown cost repair and make good the

same so that at completion, the Works

shall be in good order and condition and

in conformity in every respect with the

requirements of the Contract and the

S.O.'s instructions. The Contractor shall

also be liable for any damage to the

Works occasioned by him in the course

of any operations carried out during the

Defects Liability Period.

1.11 DESIGN OF TEMPORARYWORKS BY THE CONTRACTOR

Unless otherwise provided in the

Drawings, the Contractor shall submit to

the S.O. for his approval, 2 copies of all

working or shop drawings produced by

him including all drawings made by his

approved sub-contractors for all

temporary works.



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Such submission shall be made at least

two weeks before the temporary work is

scheduled to commence.

Notwithstanding the approval by the

S.O., the Contractor is solely responsible

for the adequacy and safety of his workand for any necessary modification or

addition whenever found necessary by

the S.O.

1.12 CONTRACTOR'SSUPERINTENDENCE

The Contractor shall provide all

necessary superintendence during the

execution of the Works and as long

thereafter as the S.O. may consider

necessary for the proper fulfillment of

the Contractor's obligations under the

Contract.

A competent Site Agent, whose

appointment shall be approved by the

S.O., shall be employed by the

Contractor for management on Site.

The Site Agent shall have the authority

to receive instructions from the S.O. and

to act on behalf of the Contractor. TheSite Agent shall be stationed on Site for

the whole duration of the Contract and

shall not be replaced without the

approval of the S.O.

If the Site Agent needs to be absent from

Site for more than three (3) consecutive

days, he shall give prior notice to the

S.O. who may require the Contractor to

temporarily appoint another Site Agent.

1.13 INSPECTION AND TESTS

The S.O. or his representative may at

any stage of the Works carry out

inspection, measurement and tests on

any part of the Works to ensure

compliance with the requirements of this

Specification and of the Drawings.

The Contractor shall provide the

necessary attendance whenever required

by the S.O. or his representative.

Notwithstanding any tests which may

have been carried out off the Site, theS.O. shall be empowered to order

further tests of any materials or goods to

be made on the Site and to reject such

materials or goods should they fail to

pass such tests on Site.

When required by the S.O., the

Contractor shall submit a copy of the

result of any quality control test carried

out by the Contractor on his own during

the progress of the Works.

1.14 COVERING UP OF WORK

Before any part of the Works is

permanently covered up, the Contractor

shall give due notice to the S.O. for the

inspection and measurement of

dimensions. The S.O. shall attend

without unreasonable delay for the

purpose of examination and

measurement unless he considers it

unnecessary and advises the Contractoraccordingly.

1.15 OFFICE ACCOMMODATION FORS.O. AND HIS STAFF

The Contractor shall provide and

maintain a site office for the use of the

S.O. and his supervisory staff, all in

accordance with the relevant Drawings

inclusive of all furniture and fittings as

shown on the Drawings.

The Contractor is permitted to provide a

relocatable site office as an alternative to

the JKR designed type shown on the

Drawings.



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The quality of such a relocatable site

office shall be of equivalent standard but

not inferior to the JKR designed type

and shall be equipped with similar

furniture and fittings as indicated in the

JKR designed site office.

Where a relocatable site office is to be

provided, the Contractor shall submit

details of the relocatable site office

together with his tender. Such details

should include the name of the

manufacturer, floor area and layout, list

of furniture and fittings and brochures if

available. The Contractor shall also

indicate whether the proposed site office

is new or otherwise.

Unless otherwise shown on the

Drawings, the site office is to be sited,

constructed and positioned as approved

by the S.O.

The Contractor shall make proper

arrangements for and pay all charges in

connection with conservancy. The site

office shall comply with local building

by-laws. It shall be erected or provided

by the Contractor within four (4) weeksfrom the date of possession of Site.

On completion of the Works, the

Contractor shall further maintain the site

office till the end of the Defects Liability

Period unless otherwise directed by the

S.O. and thereafter remove from the Site

the site office with all furniture and

fittings which become the property of

the Contractor.

Where electricity and piped water are

available from public utility authorities,

the Contractor shall arrange for the site

office to be connected to the electricity

and water supplies.Otherwise, the

Contractor shall supply the site office

with electric power from generators and

shall provide an adequate supply of

water for washing and potable filtered

water for drinking purposes.

Sanitary facilities with disposal to

septic tanks located not nearer than 5 m

from the building shall be provided.

The office shall be illuminated by

fluorescent fittings giving a general levelof illumination of at least 2 lumens/

sq.m. Additional lighting in the form of

wall or deck lamps shall be provided

where required by the S.O. Lighting to

toilets and corridors may be by tungsten

filament bulbs.

Thermostatically controlled air-

conditioners capable of maintaining a

temperature below 23C in the office

shall be provided.

The Contractor shall arrange for the

installation of a telephone with a

separate connection to the telephone

exchange for the exclusive use of the

S.O. at all times. The telephone shall

also be be fitted with 4 extensions unless

not required by the S.O. The Contractor

shall be responsible for the connection

to such exchange and the payment of

rental for the telephone services but the

Government shall reimburse theContractor for the cost of making calls.

Where a telephone exchange is not

within practical distance, an automatic

mobile telephone such as the ATUR

(Automatic Telephone Using Radio)

service shall be provided.

The Contractor shall keep the offices

accessible at all times and in every way

habitable for working purposesthroughout the duration of the Contract.

The Contractor shall also provide such

labour and cleaning materials as are

required to maintain the site office in a

thoroughly clean and sanitary condition.



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1.16 VEHICLES FOR THE S.O.'SSTAFF

The Contractor shall provide new

vehicles as listed in the B.Q. and

Appendix 1C for the sole use of the S.O.and his staff at all times. All necessary

fuel, oil and lubricants, general

maintenance, comprehensive insurances

and roadtax shall be provided by the

Contractor together with a licensed and

competent driver for every vehicle.

Replacement vehicles shall be provided

when normal vehicles are not available

such as during periods of servicing,

maintenance or repair. The vehicles will

revert to the Contractor at the

completion of the Contract unless

otherwise stated in the B.Q.

1.17 CONTRACTOR'S OFFICE ANDACCOMODATION


maintain a suitable office for himself

and his staff in a position or positions to

be approved by the S.O.

In addition, the Contractor shall provideand maintain temporary accomodation

and living facilities, stores, workshops,

etc., including all necessary services for

water supply, drainage and lighting for

his staff. Before any work can

commence the Contractor shall submit

to the S.O. details of the proposed

buildings and services and shall obtain

the S.O.'s approval together with any

necessary approval in writing from the

relevant statutory authority.

The Contractor shall be responsible for

all fees and other charges or expenses

incurred in connection with such office

and housing and shall keep the whole

area in a clean, tidy and well drained

condition.

When instructed by the S.O., the

Contractor shall remove all such

buildings and appurtenant works from

the Site, clean up the area and restore it

to its original condition.

The Contractor shall provide adequate

first aid facilities appropriate to the size

and composition of his staff and labour

force. The Contractor shall afford the

S.O.'s site staff full use of the services

and facilities as and when required.

1.18 MATERIAL TESTINGLABORATORY AND STAFF


maintain a laboratory at the Site

throughout the duration of the Contract.

Earthworks and pavement construction

will not be permitted to commence until

the laboratory and necessary equipment

have been provided.

The said laboratory shall be in

accordance with the Drawings and shall

be equipped as indicated in Appendix

1D. It shall be maintained in a clean

and tidy condition to the satisfaction ofthe S.O. The laboratory shall be

adequately supplied with water and

electricity.

The laboratory shall be used exclusively

by the S.O. and his staff. However the

Contractor shall provide helpers to assist

the S.O. as and when requested.

All laboratory equipment shall become

the property of the Contractor oncompletion of the Works.


building shall be removed from the Site

and the Site left in a neat and tidy

condition.



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1.19 PROVISION FOR SURVEYINSTRUMENTS AND CHAINMEN

The Contractor shall provide for the sole

use of the S.O. and his staff all such

instruments, equipment and chainmen asthe S.O. may require to enable him to

check the accuracy of the Contractor's

setting out and any measurements taken.

The chainmen shall have knowledge of

Bahasa Malaysia or English and as far

as possible the same men shall be

provided throughout the Contract

period.

The instruments and equipment to be

provided are as listed in Appendix 1E.

The Contractor shall be responsible

throughout the Contract period for all

such instruments, equipment and

chainmen and shall ensure that the

instruments and equipment are at all

times in good working condition and

adjustment. All instruments and

equipment shall remain the property of

the Contractor on completion of the

Works.

1.20 MAINTENANCE OF EXISTINGROADS AND PROTECTIONOF TRAFFIC

1.20.1 Maintenance of Existing Roads,

Bridges, Culverts, etc.

The Contractor shall maintain all

sections of existing roads and all

bridges, drains and culverts includedtherein within the Site to the

conditions at the time of possession

of Site for the full duration of the

Contract. Such maintenance shall

include routine activities such as

grass cutting, clearing of drains,

patching of potholes, etc.

He shall also be responsible for

maintaining the free flow of traffic on

these sections of existing road.

The Contractor shall arrange for the

conveyance of materials and plants so asto cause minimum damage to existing

roads and installations and minimum

inconvenience to the public. He shall

not deposit any earth, rubbish or

materials upon any road, street,

pavement or footway to cause hindrance

or obstruction of vehicles or pedestrians.


any damage caused by any work carried

out by him or by construction traffic to

any existing roads or installations from

whatsoever cause arising thereof and

shall repair, maintain and reinstate the

same to their original condition to the

satisfaction of the S.O. The Contractor

shall also keep such roads clear of

slurry, boulders and loose earth which

may be dropped in the course of

transportation.

Upon failure on the part of the

Contractor to fulfill his obligationsunder this Section, the S.O. may take

whatever action and any means

necessary to satisfy the requirements

and all costs incurred by the S.O. shall

be deducted from any monies due or to

become due to the Contractor under this

Contract.

1.20.2 Temporary Diversions

Temporary diversions shall beconstructed wherever the Site is

intersected by existing roads, footpaths,

cycle tracks, access to properties, etc.

Such diversion ways shall be of a

standard of construction at least

equivalent to that of the original road,

path, track or access.



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The electrical signal lights shall be

automatic in operation, but the

S.O. may, at any time, require them

to be hand operated by a competent

operator.

The Contractor shall make suitable

arrangements for emergency

servicing of the electrically operated

traffic signals to be available at all

times. Manually operated "Stop/Go"

signs shall only be used with the

prior approval of the S.O.; and shall,

if so approved, be of the size, colour

and type as shown on the Drawings

and complying with the requirements

of the ARAHAN TEKNIK(JALAN)

2C/85 (Manual on Traffic Control

Devices for Temporary Signs and

Work Zones Control), published by

Cawangan Jalan, Ibu Pejabat JKR,

Kuala Lumpur.

At least fourteen (14) days notice in

writing of any proposed single-way

traffic system shall be given to the

S.O. for his approval before such a

system can be implemented.

1.20.4 Temporary Traffic Signs

The Contractor shall at all times take

full and sufficient precautions to

ensure the safety of all traffic

through and around the Work Site

and of traffic that is diverted owing

to the Works.

To this end the Contractor shall erect

and maintain on the Site and atprescribed points on the approaches

to the Site, all traffic signs, signals

and warning lights necessary for the

direction and control of traffic. The

sizes of all such signs and the

lettering and wording thereon shall

be as shown on the Drawings and

approved by the S.O. before erection.

Construction and excavation shall be

sign posted and, during periods of

darkness, shall be lit to the approval

of the S.O.

Temporary traffic signals shallcomply with the requirements of the

ARAHAN TEKNIK (JALAN)

2C/85 published by Cawangan

Jalan, Ibu Pejabat JKR, Kuala

Lumpur and shall be reflectorised

and kept clean and legible at all

times.

The Contractor shall position, cover

or remove these signs as may be

directed by the S.O.

1.20.5 Temporary Works

The Contractor shall provide,

maintain and remove on completion

of the Works all temporary works

including diversion ways, tracks,

staging, bridging, etc., and shall

make them safe and suitable in every

respect for carrying all plants and

materials and for all purposes related

to the Works.

1.21 LOCATION, TEMPORARYPROTECTION ANDTEMPORARY DIVERSION OFPUBLIC UTILITYINSTALLATIONS AND OTHERSERVICES


locating the positions of all public utility

installations, including water mains,overhead and underground cables, pipes,

sewers and drains and all service

connections to buildings, and where

necessary, shall adopt such methods of

excavation as may be required by the

appropriate authorities or owners to

ensure that no damage is caused to

them.



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The Contractor shall make good, at his

own expense, any damage caused by him

to the existing services to the approval of

and in accordance with the instruction of

the appropriate authority or owner

concerned, and shall keep the Governmentindemnified at all times from all claims,

costs and expenses which may arise on

account of any damage (whether

permanent, temporary or recurring) to the

said services.

All such installations which are

encountered in the course of the Works

shall be adequately supported, slung-up,

strutted or otherwise protected from injury

to the satisfaction of the respective

authority.

The temporary diversion or relocation of

any service within or outside the Works to

permit the construction of the Works shall

be the responsibility of the Contractor.

Where a service is required to be

interrupted or relocated the Contractor

shall inform and obtain the approval of the

S.O. who shall notify the appropriate

authority or owner of the required removal

and/or relocation.

Temporary diversion shall mean works

involved in the diversion of services that

will be reinstated to their original position

and condition on completion of the works

in the affected areas. In planning his work

for the diversion or relocation of services,

the Contractor shall make reasonable

allowance for the time necessary to obtain

the S.O.'s approval for the work and for the

appropriate authorities or owners toauthorise the work, obtain the necessary

materials and carry out the work.

The Contractor shall not be entitled to any

extension of time due to his failure to

allow for a reasonble period of time

necessary for obtaining approval and

completing the work.

1.22 WATER AND ELECTRICITYSUPPLY

The Contractor shall provide at his own

risk and cost all water, lighting and

electric power where required for use inthe Works and shall pay all costs, fees

and charges and comply with all safety

regulations and statutes in connection

therewith.

The Contractor shall also provide and

maintain temporary water storage

together with any distribution piping

which may be necessary.

1.23 PROJECT SIGNBOARD

The Contractor shall provide, erect and

maintain signboards at locations to be

decided by the S.O. and pay all charges

in connection with this, including

obtaining permission, licences and fees,

etc. Each sign board shall comply with

the design and specification as shown on

the Drawings. On completion of the

project, the Contractor shall dismantle

and clear away the signboards asdirected by the S.O.

1.24 PHOTOGRAPHIC RECORD OFWORKS

The Contractor shall provide a camera

of reasonable quality for the purpose of

taking record photographs and slides of

the Works as and when directed by the

S.O. The Contractor shall bear the costs

of providing the film, development offilm, printing two (2) copies of each

exposure in 3R size and documenting

the photographs in suitable albums.

The negatives of the photographs shall

be the property of the Government and

no prints from these negatives may be

supplied to any person or persons except

with the approval of the S.O.



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A suitably typed caption shall be affixed

to the reverse side of each photograph

describing the subject and the time at

which it was taken. One copy of each

photograph shall be signed by the

Contractor and the S.O.

1.25 AS-BUILT DRAWINGS ANDMICROFILMING

Drawings for recording as-built

construction details of the Works shall

be prepared by the Contractor and shall

be certified by the S.O. or his

representative. The originals, in good

quality transparencies, and two (2)

printed copies of all as-built drawings

shall be supplied by the Contractor to

the S.O. progressively as sections of the

Works become completed. All drawings

shall be completed within one month

after the completion of the respective

section.

As-built drawings shall be A1 size (838

mm x 584 mm) unless otherwise

approved by the S.O.

The Contractor shall also microfilm the

as-built drawings using 35.0 mm film

with the aperture card format as shown

in Figure 1-1 and submit the same to the

S.O.

1.26 CLEARING UP OF SITE

The Contractor shall make every effort

to keep the Site in a reasonably cleanand tidy condition for the duration of the

Works. He shall, in addition, from time

to time on the completion of any area of

the Works or where directed by the S.O.,

remove rubbish, surplus materials, or

any other construction debris from such

areas as may be attributable to his work

under this Contract and generally leave

them in a satisfatory condition, to the

approval of the S.O.


Contractor shall remove all rubbish,

debris and surplus materials from the

Site and leave the whole Site in a neat

and tidy condition to the satisfaction of

the S.O.

1.27 OPPORTUNITIES FOR OTHERCONTRACTORS

The Contractor shall, when required by

the S.O., afford all reasonable

opportunity to any other Contractors

employed by the Government and their

workmen and to the workmen of the

Government and of any other duly

constituted authorities who may be

employed in the execution on or near

the Site of any work not included in the

Contract.



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APPENDIX 1A

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT


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APPENDIX 1B

SCOPE OF WORKS


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APPENDIX 1C

VEHICLES FOR S.O. AND HIS STAFF

All vehicles shall be NEW and of the types listed below :-

Type A - 2000 c.c. four-door, air-conditioned saloon car;

Type B - 1600 c.c. five-door, air-conditioned estate car;

Type C - 1500 c.c. four-door, air-conditioned Proton Saga;

Type D - 2000 c.c. four-wheel-drive, air-conditioned Trooper or equivalent with hard top;

Type E - 2250 c.c. four-wheel-drive, air-conditioned long-wheel- base Land Rover or

equivalent with hard top.


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(b) Concrete Testing Equipment

No.

(1) 152 mm x 152 mm x 152 mm standard concrete test cube steel moulds

as specified in B.S. 1881. 6

(2) Slump cones with tamping rods as specified in B.S. 1881. 2

(3) Compacting factor apparatus as specified in B.S. 1881. 1

(4) Tank for curing of concrete specimens to accomodate 50 Nos. x 152 mm

cubes in layers not more than 50 mm deep. 1

(c) Flexible Pavement Testing Equipment

(1) Metal tray, 0.6 m square or similar suitable for measuring spray rates of

bituminous materials and spread rates of cover aggregate for surface dressing. 4

(2) Metal thickness gauge (or set of slotted sleeves) as specified in M.S. 30 for

determination of aggregate flakiness index. 1

Additional items required for asphaltic concrete and/or bituminous Macadam :-

(3) Balance of 2 kg capacity, accurate to 0.1 g suitable for weighing samples

suspended in liquid. 1

(4) Steel moulds for Marshall test specimens (100 mm diameter) with base,

extension collar, extraction collar and extraction plate as specified in B.S. 598. 6

(5) Extractor for removing Marshall test specimens from moulds without distortion

or shock as specified in B.S. 598. 1

(6) Compaction hammer and automatic compactor for Marshall test specimens as

specified in B.S. 598. 1 of each

(7) Compaction pedestal and mould holder for Marshall test as specifiedin B.S. 598. 1 of each

(8) Thermostatically controlled hot plate. 1

(9) Thermometers for use in laboratory and in asphaltic mixes for Marshall test as

specified in B.S. 598. 2 of each


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No.

(10) Rubber and heat resistant gloves. 2 pairs of each

(11) Filter papers - 100 mm diameter. As needed

(12) Containers for heating aggregates and bituminous materials. As needed

(13) Pavement coring machine of the thin-walled diamond bit type for

obtaining 100 mm diameter samples of bituminous surfacings. 1

(14) 100 mm diameter thin-walled diamond bits for use with pavement

coring machine. As needed

(15) Tools for cutting and trimming pavement cores. As needed

(15) Metal bottles of suitable capacity for bitumen extraction by direct

determination as specified in B.S. 598. As needed

(16) Machine to rotate the bottles about their longitudinal axes at a speed of

between 10 rev/min to 30 rev/min as specified in B.S. 598. 1

(18) Volumetric flasks of suitable capacity. As needed

(19) Centrifuge capable of developing an acceleration of 25,000 m/sq.

second as specified in B.S. 598. 1

(20) Filtration apparatus for extraction of bitumen by direct determination asspecified in B.S. 598. 1

(21) Recovery apparatus for extraction of bitumen by direct determination

as specified in B.S. 598.

(22) Pressure filter of appropriate size, air pump and funnel for extraction

of bitumen by direct determination as specified in B.S. 598. 1 of each


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No.

Further items required for asphaltic concrete :-

(23) Wire basket of 6.5 mm or smaller mesh with wire hanger as specified inM.S. 30, for determination of specific gravity and water absorption

of aggregates. 1

(24) Airtight container of similar capacity as wire basket above. 1

(25) Gas jar - 1.5 litre. 1

(26) Pyconometer - 1 litre. 1

(27) Warm air blower. 1

(28) Mechanical mixer of 2 kg capacity, for preparation of asphaltic concrete mixtures. 1

(29) Thermostatically controlled water bath for Marshall test specimens as

specified in B.S. 598. 1

(30) Steel Marshall testing head as specified in B.S. 598. 1

(30) Compression testing machine with proving ring, capable of applying loads of

up to at least 22 kN at a constant rate of strain of 50 mm + 3 mm per minute

and recording the maximum load achieved as specified in B.S. 598. 1

(31) Dial gauge and mounting assembly for measuring Marshall test flows of up to10 mm with accuracy of + 0.1 mm as specified in B.S. 598. 1

Testing which is specifically required in the Contract and any test defined in quoted British

Standard Specifications which are required to ensure compliance with the Contract but cannot be

done in the Site testing laboratory shall be carried out at approved laboratories off the Site. These

tests shall be carried out as directed by the S.O. The cost incurred by the Contractor shall be

deemed to have been included in the tendered rates.


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APPENDIX 1E

SURVEY EQUIPMENT

The Contractor shall provide and maintain the following instruments and equipment for the

purpose of measurements and setting out. These shall become the property of the Contractor at the

end of the Contract :-

1 No. Theodolite of direct read out accurate to 1 second.

2 No. Automatic levels - Wild NA2 or Koni 007 or equivalent.

2 No. Levelling staves - 5 m aluminium.

1 No. 50 m x 5 mm steel measuring band divided throughout and numbered at 5 m intervals.

Divided over first 30 m at 1 m intervals. Divided over first 5 m at 50 mm intervals.

1 No. Repair set for the same.

2 No. 30 m steel box tapes, white face.

2 No. 30 m fibreglass box tapes.

10 No. 2.5 m ranging rods.

2 No. 1 m spirit level, steel or aluminium.

2 No. Survey umbrellas.

Templates, straightedges, canvas bags, pegs, hammers, parangs, etc.


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SECTION 2

EARTHWORKS


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SECTION 2 - EARTHWORKS

Page

2.1 CLEARING, GRUBBING AND STRIPPING TOPSOIL S2-35

2.1.1 Description S2-35

2.1.1.1 Clearing S2-35

2.1.1.2 Grubbing S2-35

2.1.1.3 Stripping Topsoil S2-35

2.1.2 Construction Methods S2-35

2.1.2.1 Areas To Be Cleared S2-35

2.1.2.2 Areas To Be Cleared, Grubbed and Stripped Of Topsoil S2-36

2.1.2.3 Topsoil S2-36

2.1.2.4 Timber S2-36

2.1.2.5 Structures S2-37

2.1.2.6 Disposal Of Material S2-37

2.2 EARTHWORKS S2-38

2.2.1 Definitions S2-38

2.2.2 General Requirements S2-39

2.2.3 Roadway Excavation S2-39

2.2.3.1 Dimensional Tolerances S2-39

2.2.3.2 Separation and Stockpiling of Suitable Material S2-40

2.2.3.3 Removal of Excavated Material From Site S2-40

2.2.3.4 Removal of Unsuitable Material S2-402.2.3.5 Replacement of Unsuitable Material Under Standing Water S2-40

2.2.3.6 Widening Cuts S2-40

2.2.3.7 Excavation of Rock S2-41

2.2.3.8 Storage and Handling of Explosives S2-42

2.2.3.9 Blasting S2-42

2.2.3.10 Safety Measures S2-42

2.2.3.11 Insecure Material S2-43

2.2.4 Earth Embankment S2-43

2.2.4.1 Material S2-43

2.2.4.2 Borrow Pits S2-432.2.4.3 Placement of Fill Material S2-43

2.2.4.4 Compaction S2-44

2.2.5 Rock fill Embankment S2-45


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Page

2.2.6 Embankment Over Soft Ground S2-462.2.6.1 Foundation Treatment S2-46

2.2.6.2 Surcharge and Staged Construction S2-46

2.2.6.3 Settlement Markers S2-46

2.2.6.4 Settlement Records S2-47

2.2.7 Subgrade S2-47

2.2.8 Protective Vegetation for Erosion Control S2-48

2.2.8.1 Topsoil S2-48

2.2.8.2 Turfing S2-48

2.2.8.3 Seeding S2-48


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SECTION 2 - EARTHWORKS

2.1 CLEARING, GRUBBING ANDSTRIPPING TOPSOIL

2.1.1 Description

This work shall consist of clearing,

grubbing and stripping topsoil in the

areas designated hereunder and/or

shown on the Drawings and/or

directed by the S.O., and of clearing

only in other areas designated here

under and/or shown on the Drawings

and/or directed by the S.O., all as

specified herein and as required by

the S.O. The work shall also include

the demolition and disposal of

structures in said areas, except where

otherwise provided for in the

Contract, as specified herein and as

required by the S.O.

2.1.1.1 Clearing

Clearing shall consist of the

cutting and/or taking down,

removal and disposal ofeverything above ground

level, including objects

overhanging the areas to be

cleared such as tree branches,

except such trees, vegetation,

structures or parts of structures,

and other things which are

designated in the Contract to

remain, or be removed by others,

or which the S.O. directs are to

be left undisturbed. The materialto be cleared shall include but not

necessarily be limited to trees,

stumps (parts above ground),

logs, brush, undergrowth, long

grasses, crops, loose vegetable

matter and structures (except

those structures whose removal

or clearance is otherwise

provided for in the Contract).

Clearing shall also include the

levelling of obsolete dikes,

terraces, ditches, etc., unless

otherwise directed by the S.O.

2.1.1.2 Grubbing

Grubbing shall consist of the

removal and disposal of surface

vegetation, the bases of stumps,

roots, the underground parts of

structures, and other obstructions

to a depth of at least 0.50 metre

below ground level, all to the

satisfaction of the S.O.

2.1.1.3 Stripping Topsoil

Stripping topsoil shall consist of

the removal of topsoil to an

average depth of at least 100 mm

below ground level, and its

stockpiling for use in the Works,

and/or its disposal, as directed by

the S.O.

2.1.2 Construction Methods

2.1.2.1 Areas To Be Cleared

The entire road reserve area shall

be cleared as described above,

unless otherwise shown on the

Drawings and/or directed by the

S.O.

Clearing shall be carried out to

the extents deemed necessary and

approved or directed by the S.O.

in areas outside the road reservewhere channel excavation or

other work is required.

In areas which are to be cleared

only, and in which grubbing and

stripping topsoil are not required,

the methods of work shall be

such as will not unduly damage

the surface vegetation and

topsoil, and care shall be taken



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not to disturb the topsoil and the

root systems of grasses and other

surface vegetation. No topsoil

shall be removed from such

areas, except as directed by the

S.O., and any topsoil, grasses andother surface vegetation other

wise removed or disturbed shall

be replaced and made good at the

Contractor's own expense, all to

the satisfaction of the S.O.

2.1.2.2 Areas To Be Cleared,Grubbed

and Stripped Of Topsoil

Except as otherwise shown on

the Drawings and/or directed by

the S.O., clearing, grubbing and

stripping topsoil shall be carried

out in all areas of roadway

excavation and in all areas where

embankment is to be constructed,

except that grubbing and

stripping topsoil shall not be

carried out in those areas where :-

i) embankment is to be

constructed on earth

designated as swamp or softground;

ii) embankment is to be

constructed to a height at the

centre-line of 1.50 metres or

more on ground with a

cross-slope of not more than 1

(vertical) to 30 (horizontal).

Clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall

be carried out to the extents deemed necessaryand approved or directed by the S.O. in areas

both inside and outside the road reserve where

channel excavation or other work is required.

Except where further excavation is required,

holes and cavities in the ground surface after

clearing, grubbing and stripping topsoil shall be

filled with materials similar to the adjacent

ground, and such fill shall be compacted to a

dry density similar to that of the surrounding

material, all to the satisfaction of the S.O.

This work shall be considered

incidental to the work of clearing,

grubbing and stripping topsoil,

and shall not be measured for

payment.

2.1.2.3 Topsoil

Topsoil to be stockpiled for the

Works shall be sufficiently fertile

to promote and support the

growth of vegetation, and shall be

taken from such areas where

clearing, grubbing and stripping

topsoil is required as approved or

directed by the S.O. Before

stockpiling, topsoil shall be

separated from objectionable

materials, all to the satisfaction of

the S.O. The Contractor shall

arrange for stockpile sites either

within or outside the road

reserve, at his own expense, and

all to the satisfaction of the S.O.

Otherwise, topsoil removed

during grubbing and stripping

operations shall be separated

from objectionable materials andspread within the road reserve or

borrow areas, or otherwise

disposed of, as approved or


2.1.2.4 Timber

The ownership of timber is

vested in the Government.

Saleable timber shall be trimmed

and stacked in accordance withthe requirements of the

appropriate Government agency,

in accessible places within the

road reserve as approved or


The Contractor shall have the

right to use unsaleable timber (or

saleable timber when permission

is granted in writing by the



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Incombustible material, including

where appropriate the remains of

burning, shall be disposed of in a

safe and tidy manner at solid

waste dumps outside the Site,

unless otherwise approved ordirected by the S.O. The

Contractor shall be solely

responsible for making the

necessary agreements, and paying

expenses and claims arising from

the use of such solid waste

dumps whether on Government

or private land.

2.2 EARTHWORKS

2.2.1 Definitions

(a) Formation Level

Formation level means the top

surface of the subgrade.

(b) Subgrade

Subgrade means that part of the

embankment or existing groundin cutting which is immediately

below the subbase or lower

subbase of the road pavement

and shoulders.

(c) Common Excavation

Common excavation shall mean

excavation in any materials

which are not rock or artificial

hard materials as defined inSub-Sections 2.2.1 (f) and (g).

(d) Unsuitable Materials

Unsuitable materials shall

include :-

i) running silt, peat, logs,

stumps, perishable or toxic

material, slurry or mud, or

ii) any material

- consisting of highly

organic clay and silt;

- which is clay having aliquid limit exceeding

80% and/or a plasticity

index exceeding 55%;

- which is susceptible to

spontaneous combustion;

- which has a loss of weight

greater than 2.5% on

ignition;

- containing large amounts

of roots, grass and other

vegetable matter.

Materials that are soft or unstable

merely because they are too wet

or too dry for effective

compaction are not to be

classified as unsuitable, unless

otherwise classified by the S.O.

(e) Suitable Materials

Suitable materials shall mean

those materials other than the

unsuitable materials defined in

Sub-Section 2.2.1 (d) above.

(f) Rock

Rock shall mean material found

in ledges or masses in its original

position which would normallyhave to be loosened either by

blasting or by pneumatic tools or,

if excavated by hand, by wedges

and sledge hammers. It shall not

include material which can be

loosened with a track-type tractor

with mounted and drawn ripper

of the following descriptions :-



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i) Tractor Unit : Equipment with a

minimum weight of 20 tonnes

and nett horse power rating of

200 brake horse power or more.

The tractor unit is to be in good

condition and operated byexperienced personnel skilled in

the use of ripping equipment;

ii) Ripping Unit : The ripper to be

attached to the tractor shall be the

most efficient parallelogram type

recommended by the tractor or

ripper manufacturer. The ripper

shall have a single shank in good

working condition with

sharpened cutting point.

Boulders or detached pieces shall only be

regarded as rock if they individually

exceed 0.5 cubic metre.

(g) Artificial Hard Material

This shall mean any hard artificial

material which would require the use

of blasting or approved pneumatic

tools for its removal but shall

exclude individual masses less than0.5 cubic metre.

2.2.2 General Requirements

The work shall include the

excavation of all types of material,

backfilling, compaction, forming

embankments and slopes, etc., as is

necessary for the completion of the

Works up to the formation levels, in

accordance with the lines, grades,dimensions, shapes and typical

cross- sections shown on the

Drawings and to the approval of the

S.O.

The Contractor shall provide where

necessary temporary water courses,

ditches, drains, pumping or other means of

maintaining the earthworks free from

water. Such provision shall include

carrying out the work of forming thecuttings and embankments in such a

manner that their surfaces have at all times

a sufficient gradient to enable them to shed

water and prevent ponding.

In pumping out excavations and in the

lowering of water tables the Contractor

shall pay due regard to the stability of all

structures.

Adequate means for trapping silt shall be

provided on all temporary drainage

systems. Similar arrangements shall be

made for all earthworks including

excavations whether for pile trenches,

foundations or cuttings.

Should the surface of completed areas be

damaged by erosion or by any other cause

the Contractor shall at his own cost make

good such areas to the satisfaction of the

S.O.

The Contractor shall exercise care in

preventing wastage of suitable material

needed for embankment or fill

construction.

2.2.3 Roadway Excavation

2.2.3.1 Dimensional Tolerances

Slopes in cutting shall be

trimmed mechanically to neatand even surfaces which shall

have gradients not steeper than

that shown on the Drawings.

Widths of excavations shall not

exceed the dimensions shown on

the Drawings by more than 300

mm, unless otherwise approved

by the S.O.



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TABLE 2.1 - GRADING LIMITS OFMATERIALS FORREPLACEMENT OFUNSUITABLE MATERIAL

Where the rock is of satisfactory

quality, the Contractor may elect to

crush and screen it to produce

aggregates required for concrete,

roadbase, subbase, or other purposes.

Excavated rock needed for earthwork construction which the

Contractor elects so to use for

producing select materials shall be

replaced at the Contractor's own

expense by borrow of satisfactory

quality approved by the S.O.

Otherwise, excavated rock shall be

used in the construction of

embankment and fill, to the fullest

practical extent, in either of the two

following ways :-

i) excavated rock shall be broken

down to a maximum particle size

of 400 mm and used as rock fill

as described in Sub-Section 2.2.5;

ii) excavated rock shall be broken

down to a maximum particle size

of 150 mm, blended with suitable

earth fill material in a proportionnot exceeding 1 rock to 1 earth,

and used as common fill.

The Contractor may only waste

excavated rock with the approval of the

S.O. Excavated rock needed for

earthwork construction which the

Contractor elects to waste shall be

replaced at the Contractor's own expense

by borrow of satisfactory quality



B.S. Sieve Size % Passing ByWeight

Crushed Rock orGravel

63.0 mm37.5 mm20.0 mm10.0 mm

10085 - 1000 - 200 - 5

Sand

10.0 mm5.0 mm1.18 mm300 um150 um

10090 - 10045 - 8010 - 302 - 10

2.2.3.7 Excavation of Rock

Rock excavation shall be carried

out by methods appropriate toSite requirements as approved by

the S.O. Where explosives shall

be used, the relevant security

regulations dealing with

purchase, transport, handling,

storage and usage of explosives

shall be complied with.

All material from rock

excavations shall be used as far

as is practicable in the Works.


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Where embankment is to be

constructed on ground with a

cross-slope flatter than 1

(vertical) to 10 (horizontal) but

steeper than 1 (vertical) to 30

(horizontal), the foundationmaterial, except where this is

rock, shall be scarified to a depth

of 100 mm, blended with

embankment fill material and

compacted as described in Sub-

Section 2.2.4.4.

Where embankment is to be

constructed against existing

embankment or on ground with a

cross-slope of 1 or more (vertical)

to 10 (horizontal), the foundation

shall be excavated in all materials

(including hard rock) to form

benches with horizontal and

vertical faces from which con

struction of the embankment shall

proceed. The benches shall be

contiguous beneath the full width

of the embankment, and shall be

of a suitable width to accomodate

construction equipment such as

motor-graders, trucks, rollers, etc.Scarifying of the horizontal and

vertical faces of the benches shall

not normally be required, and the

material excavated in forming the

benches may normally be used as

fill in the embankment as


2.2.4.4 Compaction

(a) General

All materials used in

embankments and as fill

elsewhere shall be compacted

as soon as practicable after

being placed and spread.

Compaction shall be

undertaken to the

requirements of this Section

by plant approved by the S.O.

All compaction requirements

shall be controlled by meansof field density measurement.

For compaction of

embankment slope, the

Contractor may either extend

each compacted layer beyond

the design slope surface by at

least 600 mm and then trim

back to the required slope

angle, or he may employ a

tow type roller to compact the

sloping surface.

(b) Compaction Trials

The B.S. 1377 Compaction

Test (4.5 kg rammer method)

shall be used in determining

the moisture versus density

relation of soil.

The Contractor shall submit to

the S.O. for his approval theproposed method of

compaction for each main

type of material to be used in

the embankment. This shall

include the type of

compaction plant for each

type of material and the

number of passes in relation

to the loose depth of material

to achieve desired

compaction. The maximumcompacted thickness for fill

shall be limited to 300 mm

unless otherwise approved by

the S.O. The Contractor shall

carry out field compaction

trials, supplemented by any

necessary laboratory

investigations, as required by

the S.O.



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This shall be done by using the

procedures proposed by the

Contractor for earthworks and

shall satisfy the S.O. that all the

specified requirements regarding

compaction can be achieved.Compaction trials with the main

types of material likely to be

encountered shall be completed

before the works with the

corresponding materials will be

allowed to commence. Each trial

area shall be not smaller than

8 m x 15 m.

(c) Degree of Compaction

The whole of the embankment

below the top 300 mm of the

subgrade shall be compacted to

not less than 90% (for cohesive

material) or 95% (for

cohesionless material) of the

maximum dry density determined

in the B.S. 1377 Compaction Test

(4.5 kg rammer method).

(d) Field Density Testing

Field density tests on each layer

of compacted earth fill shall be

carried out using the sand

replacement method in

accordance with B.S. 1377 or by

using other means of testing of

comparable accuracy approved

by the S.O.

(e) Moisture Control

Each layer of earth fill shall be

processed as necessary to bring

its moisture content to a uniform

level throughout the material,

suitable for compaction. The

optimum moisture content as

determined by the B.S. 1377

Compaction Test (4.5 kg rammer

method) shall be used as a guide

in determining the proper

moisture content at which each

soil type shall be compacted.

Water shall be added, or the

material aerated and dried to

adjust the soil to the proper

moisture content to obtain therequired density. A satisfactory

method and sufficient equipment

as approved by the S.O. shall be

used for the furnishing and

handling of water.

If the natural water content of

suitable materials is too high for

the proper compaction to be

carried out, the Contractor can

either bring down the moisture

content by aeration or drying or

alternatively replace it with

suitable materials of compactable

moisture range at his own cost.

2.2.5 Rock fill Embankment

Rock used in rock fill

embankments shall be of maximum

particle size of 400 mm so that it can

be deposited in horizontal layers,

each not exceeding 500 mm incompacted depth and extending over

the full width of the embankment

except for any specified external

cover to slopes or new formation

level. The materials shall be spread

and levelled by a crawler tractor

weighing not less than 15 tonnes.

Each layer shall consist of

reasonably well graded rock and all

large voids shall be filled with

broken fragments before the nextlayer is placed. The top surface and

side slopes of embankments so

formed shall be thoroughly blinded

with approved fine graded material

to seal the surface.



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crushed rock or gravel, regulated

and blinded.

ii) Where rock outcrop occurs over

part of the formation only:-

The rock outcrop shall be cut

down to a level not less than 300

mm below the formation level.

The surface shall then be brought

up to level with suitable subgrade

material.

2.2.8 Protective Vegetation for Erosion

Control

2.2.8.1 Topsoil

Topsoil stockpiled for the Works

in accordance with Sub- Sections

2.1.1.3 and 2.1.2.3 shall be spread

and lightly compacted to an even

thickness of 50 mm as directed

by the S.O. in areas to be turfed

and/or seeded, or used as the S.O.

shall otherwise direct for tree

planting and other purposes.

2.2.8.2 Turfing

Turfing shall be carried out as

soon as practicable on all earth

slopes and other areas as shown

on the Drawings and/or where

directed by the S.O. The type of

turf shall be as indicated on the

Drawings or other alternative

type as approved by the S.O. and

shall be free of lallang and

essentially free of weeds.

Turf shall be obtained in

unbroken sods with a substantial

amount of topsoil and shall be

approximately 250 mm x 250

mm in size and 100 mm thick,

from an approved source, and

shall be placed in position as

soon as practicable after cutting.

Turf sods shall be stacked and

watered when they cannot be

laid immediately after cutting.

The surfaces to be turfed shall

be trimmed and thoroughlywetted. The turf shall then be

carefully laid to form a complete

and uniform cover as shown on

the Drawings. Turf laid on slopes

steeper than 1 (vertical) and 3

(horizontal) shall be pegged

down with bamboo stakes

approximately 250 mm in length.

Approved fertiliser shall be

applied after placing of turf at

suitable times and at rates of

application approved by the S.O.

All turf shall be regularly

watered and fertilised to the

satisfaction of the S.O. until

the vegetation is satisfactorily

established. Any dead turf

shall be replaced with new

turf at the Contractor's own

expense.

2.2.8.3 Seeding

Seeding or hydroseeding shall be

carried out as soon as practicable

on slopes and other areas as

shown on the Drawings and/or


The Contractor shall submit to

the S.O. for his consideration and

approval, at least four (4) weeksin advance of the proposed work,

full details of his proposed

method of seeding or

hydroseeding. The information

submitted shall include, but not

necessarily be limited to, a full

description of the following

aspects of the work :-



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i) the preparation of the areas to be

seeded or hydroseeded, including

if appropriate the amount of top

soil to be used and its method of

application;

ii) the details and results of

investigations to determine which

types of grass and legume are

compatible with the soil in the

areas to be seeded;

iii) the types of grass and legume (if

any) and strains of seed to be

used, and the function, root and

growth characteristics of each

type;

iv) the rates of application of the

grass and legume seeds;

v) the composition of fertiliser to be

used at the time of seeding and its

rate of application;

vi) the composition of fertiliser to be

used after seeding, the times of

application after seeding, and the

rates of application;

vii) the type of mulch to be used and

its method and rate of

application;

viii) the amounts of lime or other

chemicals (if any) to be applied

to improve the soil before,

during and/or after seeding;

ix) the type and amounts of bindingagent to be applied with the

seeds, mulch, fertiliser, etc.,

as appropriate.

x) the proportions and methods of

preparation of the seeding mix;

xi) the equipment and methods to be

used in preparing and placing the

seeding mix and other materials;

xii) the cultivation and after-care of

the seeded areas, including rates

and frequencies of watering,

fertilising, grass cutting and

general maintenance for at least 1

year after seeding;

xiii) the time after seeding required for

establishing permanent, dense

growth of grasses, which will

require minimal maintenance;

xiv) guarantees of the success of the

seeding work.

All grass shall be regularly watered until

the vegetation is satisfactorily

established to the satisfaction of the S.O.

Any dead grass shall be replaced at the

Contractor's own expense.



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SECTION 3

DRAINAGE WORKS


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SECTION 3 - DRAINAGE WORKS

Page

3.1 GENERAL S3-54

3.2 EXCAVATION AND BACKFILLING FOR DRAINAGE WORKS S3-54

3.2.1 Description S3-54

3.2.2 Materials S3-54

3.2.2.1 Excavation S3-54

3.2.2.2 Granular Bedding Material S3-54

3.2.2.3 Concrete Bedding S3-54

3.2.2.4 Ordinary Backfill Material S3-54

3.2.2.5 Granular Backfill Material S3-54

3.2.2.6 Concrete Back

Documents

Standard Specification for Roadworks - JKR-SPJ-1988