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Stages of Adolescence
By Katelyn Dibrell
"Adolescence is the period of life from about 13 to early 20s, during
which a person is no longer physically a child but not yet an
independent, self-supporting adult"
Definition
• Early Adolescence: puberty begins, desire for independence, abstract thinking, greatly influenced by their peers (11-13)
• Middle Adolescence: end of puberty, greater self-involvement, goal-setting, new friends (14-18)
• Late Adolescence: end of physical development, thinking about the future, stronger sense of identity, serious relationships (19-21)
Stages Overview
Examining Different Types of Development
• Physical: Puberty begins and end, allowing the body to grow and reach sexual maturity
Examining Different Types of Development
• Cognitive: Initially focused on the present and not consequences, but over time begin to plan for the future and set achievable goals
+ Attempt to gain independence by distancing selves from parents
+ Struggle with identity but find stability with age
Examining Different Types of Development
• Psychosocial: Strongly influenced by peer group early on but begin to branch out to new groups as identity consolidates
+ Romantic relationships in early years are short-lived but in later years longer-term relationships develop
Adolescent Development & Piaget's Formal Operational Stage
• Begins at 11 or 12 but continues into adulthood
• Abstract concepts, deductive reasoning, problem-solving
• Instead of relying on previous experiences, individuals consider potential outcomes within hypothetical scenarios
Early Adolescence (11-13)
Physical: Onset of puberty--body hair, weight gain, height increase, and sexual interest
+ Girls: breasts and menstruation+ Boys: genitals, voice deepens+ Overall, girls' development is faster than boys’
Early Adolescence (11-13)
Cognitive: Abstract thought, interest in careers, but more focused on the present and near future
Psychosocial: Awkward about developing bodies, influenced by peer group, struggle with identity
+ Rule and limit testing and a strong desire for independence (may argue more with parents and spend more time with friends)
Middle Adolescence (14-18)• Physical: Puberty ends
and physical growth continues at a slower rate for girls but is still steady for boys
• Cognitive: Goal-setting, moral reasoning, existentialism
Middle Adolescence (14-18)
Psychosocial: Self-involvement that oscillates between unrealistic high expectations and anxiety about failure
+ Lowered opinions of parents+ Selection of role models+ New friends and focus on popularity+ Love and passion, with frequently changing relationships and concerns about sexual attractiveness
Late Adolescence (19-21)• Physical: Most girls are fully
developed but boys often continue to grow
• Cognitive: future-oriented thinking, sense of identity, emotional stability, self-reliance, delay of gratification, moral reasoning
• Psychosocial: clearer sexual identity, serious relationships, cultural traditions might gain importance