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Soybean Cyst Nematode: Seed Treatments and Other Management
Strategies!
Phillip Glogoza Extension Educator, Crops
Prairie Grains Conference December 10, 2015
How can we manage SCN? • We can manage this
– Keep your egg levels low • Look for it
– Soil Testing & in-season digging • Plant Resistance • Rotation • Seed Treatments
Soybean cyst nematode surveys
Soybean Growers NEED to begin their own SURVEILLANCE Program
Survey Outcome: • Data from
Minnesota (2012) and North Dakota (2013 - 2014) representing Incidence and Severity for SCN in the region.
Soybean cyst nematode surveys
Soybean Growers NEED to begin their own SURVEILLANCE Program
Survey Outcome: • Data from
Minnesota (2012) and North Dakota (2013 - 2014) representing Incidence and Severity for SCN in the region.
SCN egg counts from soil samples collected from wind blown soil in road ditches . . .
How can we manage SCN? • We can manage this
– Keep your egg levels low • Look for it
– Soil Testing & in-season digging • Plant Resistance • Rotation • Seed Treatments
Current choices
Soybean cyst nematode Seed Treatments
ClarivaTM Seed Treatment
Effects of Avicta®, N-Hibit®, and Votivo® on soybean yield and SCN population densities - 2011
Collaborators: George Bird, Jason Bond, Carl Bradley, Anne Dorrance, Paul Esker, Jamal Faghihi, Loren Giesler, Buyung Hadi, Doug Jardine, Dean Malvick, Sam Markell, Terry Niblack, Laura Sweets, Albert Tenuta and Greg Tylka
In general, no consistent effect on season-long SCN reproduction (as measured by final versus initial egg population densities) were observed.
Soybean cyst nematode Seed Treatments
Variety sites included seed treatment evaluation • Nematicide was primary objective
2013 Soybean cyst nematode Variety Trials
2013 NW MN Seed Treatment Study for SCN Management
Treatments Yield (bu/A @ 13%) Post SCN*
Variety ** Nematicide Insecticide Fungicide W/ SCN W/O SCN AVG Eggs/100cc
S for SCN ---- ---- ---- 13.6 22.7 18.1 8,000 S for SCN ---- ---- Yes 10.7 27.4 19.1 11,375 S for SCN ---- Cruiser Yes 4.4 28.9 16.6 9,913 S for SCN Avicta Cruiser Yes 13.2 26.6 19.8 13,638
MS for SCN ---- ---- ---- 33.4 32.6 33.0 1,438 MS for SCN Votivo Poncho Yes 32.9 33.5 33.2 1,013 ** S = Susceptible; MS = Moderately Susceptible * Average for Pre season SCN: 190 eggs/100cc, sampled 2nd week of June
11 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
11 11
2014 and 2015 Statewide trials on Clariva Complete
Funded by MSR&PC Seed and treatments supplied by Syngenta Crop Protection
12 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
2014 – 2015 Statewide trials on Clariva Complete
Funded by Minnesota Soybean Research & Promotion Council Seed and treatments supplied by Syngenta Crop Protection
Bruce Potter, Senyu Chen, Phillip Glogoza, Ryan Miller,
David Nicolai Seth Naeve, Dean Malvick in Cooperation with UMN Soybean Breeding Project
13 © 2015 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 11/2014
2014 - 2015 Statewide Soybean seed treatment study locations Co-located with U of M Soybean breeding project Soil samples for soil fertility, SCN eggs, SBA, Yield
14 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
ClarivaTM Seed Treatment Target Pest: Soybean Cyst Nematode Active Ingredient: a proprietary seed treatment
nematicide based on Pasteuria nishizawae, a naturally occurring soil bacteria.
First available in the 2014 growing season Clariva™ Complete Beans
CruiserMaxx® Beans with Vibrance® insecticide/fungicide Pasteuria nishizawae, Sedaxane, Thiamethoxam, Fludioxonil, Mefenoxam
Soybean cyst nematode Seed Treatments
15 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
2014 STATEWIDE CLARIVA Seed Treatment: breakdown of treatments by active ingredient
Nematicide Insecticide ----------------------- Fungicide -----------------------
Untreated ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
Clariva Complete P. nishizawae (Clariva©)
thiamethoxam (Cruiser©)
mefenoxam (Apron©)
fludioxomil (Maxim©)
sedaxane (Vibrance©)
CruiserMaxx + Vibrance ---- thiamethoxam
(Cruiser©) mefenoxam
(Apron©) fludioxomil
(Maxim©) sedaxane (Vibrance©)
16 © 2015 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 11/2014
2015 Changes Added an addition fungicide
(Mertec) – Examine increased activity
spectrum Added iLeVo
– Proported to have SCN activity
– ONLY in SDS areas in southern MN
2015 STATEWIDE NEMATICIDE- TREATMENTS Soybean SCN Seed
Treatment Variety Resistant Treatment
Northern1 S06-H5 Y Untreated2 S06-H5 Y Clariva Complete3 S06-H5 Y Cruiser Maxx + Vibrance4 S06-H5 Y Cruiser Maxx 5 S06-H5 Y Clariva Complete + Mertec
6 S08-G1 N Untreated7 S08-G1 N Clariva Complete8 S08-G1 N Cruiser Maxx + Vibrance9 S08-G1 N Cruiser Maxx 10 S08-G1 N Clariva Complete + Mertec
Southern1 S22-S1 Y Untreated2 S22-S1 Y Clariva Complete3 S22-S1 Y Cruiser Maxx + Vibrance4 S22-S1 Y Cruiser Maxx 5 S22-S1 Y Clariva Complete + Mertec
6 S22-F8 N Untreated7 S22-F8 N Clariva Complete8 S22-F8 N Cruiser Maxx + Vibrance9 S22-F8 N Cruiser Maxx 10 S22-F8 N Clariva Complete + Mertec
11* CropPlan Y EverGol Energy + iLeVo12* CropPlan Y EverGol Energy
17 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
2014 STATEWIDE CLARIVA – PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE
Factorial ANOVASCN YIELD SCN Pf/Pi (reprod. Factor)Pi p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F)rating* Variety Seed trt Variety x Seed trt Variety Seed trt Variety x Seed trt
Becker 1 0.3768 0.1345 0.7091 0.0158 0.2218 0.1843Westbrook(Dovray) 3 0.3430 0.2339 0.7827 0.0012 0.4270 0.7789Lamberton( Non-infested) 2 0.5107 0.7320 0.9824 0.2142 0.5099 0.4031Lamberton (Infested) 3 0.0009 0.1655 0.7864 0.0001 0.1364 0.0248Fairfax 3 0.0001 0.3786 0.2412 0.0001 0.5309 0.9018Waseca (infested) 4 No yield - Hail damage 0.1569 0.9669 0.5658Rochester - Lawler 1 0.5422 0.0100 0.7442 0.4397 0.7582 0.8304High Tower -Welter 4 0.0010 0.4453 0.4851 0.0008 0.0612 0.0174Rosemount - (infested) 2 0.0385 0.8216 0.8552 0.0640 0.8436 0.7802Rosemount (non-infested) 2 0.1171 0.5029 0.4150 0.0000 0.9134 0.8585Morris 2 0.5054 0.4712 0.4350 0.0029 0.3071 0.2613Danvers 3 0.4572 0.5822 0.9901 0.5096 0.5615 0.5736Crookston 1 0.0000 0.2833 0.1257 No SCNShelley 1 0.2383 0.9867 0.3770 0.3332 0.3911 0.3911TRF 2 0.2002 0.9174 0.7573 0.0078 0.4297 0.4370Moorhead-Kragnes 1 0.0013 0.4161 0.2865 0.0732 0.9577 0.9249Gary 3 0.0004 0.0474 0.1221 0.0000 0.9738 0.8568Kent 3 No yield - Herbicide damage 0.0281 0.2502 0.3331Mahnomen 2 0.0000 0.2833 0.1257 0.0019 0.4822 0.5965Roseau 1 0.9900 0.8135 0.2162 No SCN*SCN Pi rating: 1= <50 2 = 51-250 3 = 251-2500 4 > 2501-10000 5 > 10000
Shading indicates significant statistical response at the p = 0.10
18 © 2015 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 2015
2015 STATEWIDE CLARIVA STUDY ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE - PRELIMINARY
Factorial ANOVAProbabilities SCN
Pi p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F) p(F)rating* Variety Seed trt Variety x Seed trt Variety Seed trt Variety x Seed trt
Becker 2 0.0000 0.6490 0.4111 0.0012 0.3723 0.6859Lamberton( Non-infested) 2 0.0000 0.0282 0.5358 0.0000 0.2213 0.1775Lamberton (Infested) 4 0.0220 0.4042 0.3043 0.0106 0.5998 0.5998Fairfax 3 0.0000 0.9065 0.1838 0.0000 0.3630 0.3938Waseca (Non-infested) 1 0.5831 0.6242 0.9706 0.1175 0.1908 0.1908Waseca (infested) 4 0.896 0.7345 0.7200 0.0008 0.3421 0.5414
Danvers 1 0.0130 0.2061 0.0688 0.1280 0.6393 0.4298Calloway 1 0.0917 0.1790 0.6275TRF 1 0.2469 0.2544 0.6099Gary 1 0.6707 0.1586 0.9596 0.0060 0.5739 0.5884Downer 2 0.1797 0.2926 0.1743 0.0174 0.3824 0.5885*SCN Pi rating: 1= <50 2 = 51-250 3 = 251-2500 4 > 2501-10000 5 > 10000Variety 0= SUSC 1= RESSEED TRT 0 = NONE 1= Clariva Complete 2 Cruiser Max + vibrance
3= ApronMaxx 4=Clariva Complete + Mertec
YIELD SCN eproductive factor (SCN Pf/Pi)
20 © 2015 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 2015
2015 STATEWIDE CLARIVA MULTI-SITE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE -PRELIMINARY
Yield SCN reproduction
Factorial ANOVA p(F) Pf/Pi (p(F) *SITE 0.9843 0.0000VARIETY (SCN RES.) 0.0000 0.0000SEED TRT. 0.0014 1 0.5709SITE * VARIETY (SCN RES.) 0.0000 0.0000SITE * SEED TRT. 0.7875 0.7448VARIETY (SCN RES. ) * SEED TRT. 0.0127 0.7433SITE* VARIETY (SCN RES.) * SEED TRT. 0.7219 0.7952
1 Untreated yield less than any fungide only and Clariva Complete+ Mertec for Southern variety set only
21 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Variety (SCN resistance) had a significant effect on yield in many locations
Variety (SCN resistance) had consistent, significant effect on SCN reproduction in SCN infested locations
Seed treatments did not provide a consistent effect on yield or SCN reproduction. – Fungicide effect was observed on Southern Treatments and contributed
to statewide statistical effect.
Data suggest seed treatments should be targeted, not used as a universal prophylactic
OBSERVATIONS
22 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Variability within field/plot area makes research on and management of SCN difficult.
RECOMMENDATIONS
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How can we manage SCN? • We can manage this
– Keep your egg levels low • Look for it
– Soil Testing & in-season digging • Plant Resistance • Rotation • Seed Treatments
2013 – 4 locations with same varieties 2014 – 3 locations with same varieties 2014 – 4 locations with same varieties released varieties and experimental lines
• Conventional weed control
• Pre and Post SCN counts
• Conducted cooperatively with the UMN Soybean Variety Breeding Project
Soybean cyst nematode Variety Trials
Soybean cyst nematode Variety Trials - 2015
z.umn.edu/2015mnsoybeantrials
Soybean cyst nematode Variety Trials - 2015
z.umn.edu/2015mnsoybeantrials
How can we manage SCN? • We can manage this
– Keep your egg levels low • Look for it
– Soil Testing & in-season digging • Plant Resistance • Rotation • Seed Treatments
Why rotate? • Prevent or Fix biological problems
– Prevent or slow economic pest population buildup • Reduce populations of persistent pests
– Delay development of economic levels of resistance • Field specific for pests with limited mobility
– Allow more effective management with plant protection chemical & host plant resistance
32 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 2014
WHEN IS A ROTATION NOT A ROTATION? Volunteers Weedy hosts Use same crop genetics
33 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Bruce Potter 11/2014
SCN resistance is not immunity
SCN resistance is declining under single tactic approach (PI 88788)
– Shifts may not be reversible
Working with multiple genes is tough
Watch for symptoms Use rotation
EVENTUALLY, THINGS GO WRONG
CORN - SOYBEAN ROTATION
4 YEARS CORN
PI 88788 resistant soybean. Brown County, MN 2015.
34 © 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.
Scout and soil sample fields to determine level of SCN Problem and effectiveness of Host plant resistance (HPR)
HPR works for now, for most producers. Just rotating resistance sources is not enough.
– Crop rotation is an important component of SCN management!
Data suggest a targeted approach to seed treatments, not universal prophylaxis
RECOMMENDATIONS
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© 2014 Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. In accordance with the Americans with Disabilities Act, this PowerPoint is available in alternative formats upon request. Direct requests to the Extension Store at 800-876-8636.
Bruce Potter 2/18/2014
Thanks for listening!
Questions?