Some network models

David Macneil

David.Macneil@canarie.ca

www.canarie.ca

Feb 5, 2004

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Organisation of Presentation

> What I thought I was doing> What I will do, some examples

– Broadband Task Force, recognition of market failure in small rural communities

• Inefficient and incomplete deployment of broadband• Search for appropriate alternate models

– Broadband and Rural Development Program, BRAND

> Some URL’s

RISQ

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Dec 03

ORION network

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RFI March 2002Possible partners and needs

> CANARIE Inc., which is deploying the new CA*net 4 network intended to link provincial research networks … and through them universities, research centers, government research labs, schools and other eligible sites, both with each other and with international peer networks.

> NRC, which is deploying a distributed e-commerce research center in New Brunswick located at Moncton, Saint John and Fredericton with an additional link to Miramichi.

> University of New Brunswick (UNB) which manages the NB-PEI Educational Computer Network (ECN), a province wide education network throughout New Brunswick linking universities and other related institutes. UNB also operates the New Brunswick GigaPOP.

> ACOA and the Province of New Brunswick, which are to provide financial support for linking the NRC distributed eCommerce research centers

> University of Prince Edward Island, which operates and manages the PEI Regional Advanced Network.

> Dalhousie University (ACORN-NS), which operates and manages the Nova Scotia Regional Advanced Network.

> Memorial University, which operates and manages the Newfoundland Regional Advanced Network.

Atlantic Canada Advanced Research Network RFP (by item)

Montreal

Halifax

Fredericton

Charlo

tteto

wn

To St. John’s

CA*net 4 Route Diversity

NB ORAN

CA*net 4 Node

Breakout points for ORAN

CA*net 4 Primary Route

NRC e-commerce network

NS ORAN

Miramichi

Sydney

AntigonishTruro

Wolfville

Summerside

Moncton

Bathurst

Saint John

Edmundston

Sackville

Shippagan

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NB PEI Grid (assembled) - Production July 1, 2003- Co-op venture

Montreal

Halifax

Fredericton

Charlo

tteto

wn

To St. John’s

CA*net 4 Route Diversity

NB ORAN

CA*net 4 Node

Breakout points for ORAN

CA*net 4 Primary Route

NRC e-commerce network

NS ORAN

Miramichi

Summerside

Moncton

Bathurst

Saint John

Edmundston

Sackville

Shippagan

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CA*net 4 Diversity - Option 2 Map

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NB / PEI Research Ring

Results:

> Optical Network (>2000 km GT/360 and Eastlink fiber)

> 7 Years funding in place> 7 GigE Rings + OC192c> CA*net4 route diversity in Atlantic Canada except NF> Connect all NB Universities> Link UNB – UPEI GigaPops> Connect NRC sites in NB

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Alberta SUPERnet

• Province wide network of condominium fiber to 420 communities in Alberta

• Network a mix of fiber builds and existing supplier infrastructure (swap/buy/lease)

• Condominium approach: All suppliers can• Buy (or swap) a share of the fiber (during build or after)• Lease bandwidth at competitive rates

• Government of Alberta has perpetual right to use (IRU) • Ownership will be held at arms length• GOA/stakeholder rates are costs to run divided over users• Because of fiber capacity, bandwidth can be made available to all

businesses at urban competitive rate• Total cost to GOA $193m• Bell Intrigna prime contractor• Guaranteed cost of bandwidth to all public sector institutions

• $500/mo for 10 Mbps, $700/mo for 100 Mbps

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Extended Area• 372 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Proceeds from

businesses (urban benchmarked rates) to GOA to further network

Base Area• 48 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Business proceeds to Bell

(urban benchmarked rates)

- $143 Million GOA

- 100% GOA IRU

- $50 Million

GOA

- 33%GOA IRU

- $102 Million

Bell

- 67% Bell IRU

Alberta SUPERnet IRUs

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Combination:

• Fibre build

• Use of Existing Infrastructure

Communities with one or more school

Bell Legend

Extended Fibre Network

Base Fibre Network

Backhaul From Other Vendor

BUFFALO TRAILS SCHOOL DIVISION

Clandonald

Tulliby Lake

Lloydminster Public School District # 1753

Innisfree

VermilionKitscoty

Mannville

Paradise Valley

Dewberry

Chauvin

Edgerton

Hardisty

Amisk

Wainwright

Irma

St. Paul Education Regional Division # 1

Elk Island Public Schools Regional Division # 14

Golden Hills Regional Division # 15

Aspen View Regional Division # 19

Clearview School Division # 71

Prairie Land Regional Division # 25

Battle River Regional Division # 31

Northland School Division # 61

Coronation

Elk Point

Killam

Provost

Sedgewick

Two Hills

Vegreville

Viking

Alliance

Consort

Czar

Forestburg

Galahad

Hairy Hill

Heisler

Holden

Lavoy

Marwayne

Myrnam

Strome

Veteran

Willingdon

Alberta SUPERnet Example

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Current (Typical)Residences

• 56 Kbps dial Internet ($85/Month)

• No high speed Internet

Businesses

• Some T1 Facilities ($2000/Month average - rates distance sensitive)

• Some high speed business service on special setup arrangement

Future (Everywhere)Residences• High speed DSL residential

Internet at urban rates ($40/month)

Businesses• High speed business services

available at competitive urban rates (eg $820/month - T1)

• Higher speeds at comparable rates

RURAL COMMUNITIES

Alberta SUPERnet Impact

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À venir

Bande passante louée

Projet démarré

Construit

Observatoire Mont-Mégantic

Val d’Or/Rouyn

MAN de Montréal

MAN de Québec

MAN de Sherbrooke

MAN d’Ottawa/Hull

Quebec University Condo Network

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St-Laurent/Vanier

Lanaudière

Maisonneuve

Marie-Victorin

Champlain

Rosemont

Sorel-Tracy

Montmorency

Édouard-Montpetit

Vieux-Montréal

Bois-de-Boulogne

Ahuntsic

Lionel-Groulx

Vers Québec

Gérald-Godin

John-Abbott

André-Laurendeau

Dawson

À venir

Bande passante louée

Projet démarré

Construit

Montreal Public Sector Condominium Networks

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South Dundas IROQUOIS

MORRISBURG

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South Dundas Results

> Morrisburg , Iroquios Have Fibre Hung Electronics In and Fibre Lit

> ISP’s , ASP’s all Want In the Fibre> Major Employers Inquiring> Very Positive Attitude in Community> Digital Desert to Digital Oasis

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Peel County Municipal Fiber Network

> Mississauga, Brampton, Peel> 200 km of Fibre> 96 strand backbone

– “Enough for small country”

> 12-60 strands elsewhere> 12,000 strand-kilometers

– Laid end-to-end = Victoria to St. John’s …...and back again

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Fredericton, NB

“At this morning's quarterly Mayor's Business Breakfast, City of Fredericton Mayor A.M. (Sandy) DiGiacinto released details about the high-speed fibre optic cable which will be used to connected the new NRC E-Commerce Institute (UNB campus) to the Greater Fredericton Knowledge Park. Staff have been instructed by City Council to prepare a business case that would leverage this 3 km stretch of cable into an Ultra High-Speed Community Network managed by the municipality.”

> Nov. 2000

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Fredericton

> Started as Economic Development tool> MUSH, Govt., Research - ISP, carriers invited to

participate> Build partners emerged quickly, $100,000 “donated”

by private sector> Tender call for 8 km phase 1, $110,000, complete

Sept 2001> 48 fiber min.

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And then…

> City formed not-for-profit “e-Novations”> RFP process not successful> New carrier enters negotiations> GT will provide:

– “Customer Managed” fiber to original partners– 100Mb and GigE VPN

> In production

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And then…2

> 50 km GT fiber> 16 km new build in 2002> 802.11 (b) for some sites> Fred-eZone, a free municipal-wide Wi-Fi, Nov 03> The first phase of the project (downtown and the

airport), which cost $150,000, has already been completed and the city aims to deliver Wi-Fi access to all public spaces

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Ireland

> 50,000 km of fiber rings around 123 cities, towns, 19 (2003), 48 (04), 56 (05)

> 300 million Euro, 90% national govt.> Competition neutral infrastructure, open to all

carriers> 5 Mb standard to home

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Jordan

> “Connecting Jordanians” program> Fiber to all schools by 2004

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Value of Research Networks

Paper by Dr. Tim Lance on behalf of the Net@EDU group of EDUCAUSE:

http://www.educause.edu/asp/doclib/abstract.asp?ID=NET0202

This white paper, which was contributed by the Net@EDU Broadband Pricing Group, provides a vision of higher education's evolving networking needs over the next five to ten years. Articulating the role of research and education networks in our society, it explores the drivers, challenges and policy issues in deploying said networks, and the need for our community to partner with all levels of government in helping to define and achieve national networking goals.

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Thank you

www.canet3.net/library/papers.htmlwww.cityofchicago.org/CivicNet/civicnetRFI.pdfwww.canarie.ca/advnet/workshop_2000/presentations/www.smartwinnipeg.mb.ca/Municipal_Fibre.htmhttp://www.crc.ca/en/html/crc/home/research/rrba/definition (BRAND)www.light-wave.com www.enovations.ca (Fredericton)www.albertasupernet.cawww.risq.qc.ca/

www.educause.edu/asp/doclib/abstract.asp?ID=NET0202www.canarie.cawww.canet3.net

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Extra

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Customer Empowered Networks

> Universities, school boards and municipalities throughout North America are building condominium dark fiber networks in partnership with a variety of partners

> Individual institutions – the customers – own and control their own strands of fiber– Fiber are configured in point to point private networks; or– Connect to local ISP or carrier hotel– Private sector maintains the fiber

> Low cost LAN architectures and optics are used to light the fiber> These new concepts in customer empowered networking are

starting in the same place as the Internet started – the university and research community.

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Background

> growing trend for many Universities, schools, and large businesses/institutions to acquire own dark fiber as part of a condominium or municipal fiber build

> increasing need for extreme high-Bw interconnection of large databases, distributed computer systems, instrumentation systems

> more carriers are selling point-to-point wavelengths on long term leases (IRU) which can virtually extend a dark fiber network across a wide area

> network now becomes an asset as opposed to a telecom service> opens up the possibility of swapping light paths with other

organizations on a peer-peer basis> recent explosion in facilities which will allow institutions easy

access to wavelength pooling points (a.k.a. IXs, NAPs, GigaPoPs, carrier hotels), necessary to create a swapping market

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Examples of CENCustomer Empowered Networks

> Universities in Quebec have built their own 3500km “condominium” fiber network in partnership with 6 carriers- $US 2million– Deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear

> Universities in Alberta deploy their own 400 km 4xGbe dark fiber network - $US 200K– Deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear

> City of Montreal is second most fibered city in the world because of municipal owned open access conduit

> Peel County – Mississauga & Brampton has built a 200km public sector fiber network - $US 5m

> Many other cities including Fredericton, Toronto have developed or are looking at similar initiatives

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What is condominium fiber?

> A number of organizations such as schools, hospitals, businesses and universities get together to fund and build a fiber network

> Carrier partners are also invited to be part of condominium project– Several next generation carriers and fiber brokers are now arranging condominium fiber

builds– IMS, QuebecTel, Videotron, Cogeco, Dixon Cable, GT Telecom, etc etc

> Fiber is installed, owned and maintained by 3rd party professional fiber contractors – usually the same contractors used by the carriers for their fiber builds

> Each institution gets its own set of fibers, at cost, on a 20 year IRU (Indefeasible Right of Use)– One time up front cost, plus annual maintenance and right of way cost approx 5%

of the capital cost> Institution lights up their own strands with whatever technology they want –

Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, PBX, etc– Long range laser will reach 120+ km

> Ideal solution for point to point links for large fixed institutions– Payback is usually less than 18 months

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Market Drivers

> First - low cost– 10% to 1% cost over current telecom prices. 9-36 month payback

> Second - LAN invades the WAN – no complex SONET or ATM required in network

– Network Restoral & Protection can be done by customer using a variety of techniques such as wireless backup, or relocating servers to a multi-homed site, etc

> Third - Enables new applications and services not possible with traditional service providers

– Relocation of servers and extending LAN to central site– Out sourcing LAN and web servers to a 3rd party with no performance impact– IP telephony in the wide area– HDTV video at a new price point

> Fourth – Allows access to new competitive low cost telecom and IT companies at carrier neutral meet me points

– Much easier to out source servers, e-commerce etc. to a 3rd party at a carrier neutral collocation facility

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Typical Fiber Capital Costs

> Average total cost between $7 and $15 per meter as follows:– Engineering and Design:

• $1 - $3 per meter for engineering, design, supervision, splicing

– Plus Installation:• $7 to $10 per meter for install in existing conduit; or• $3 to $6 per meter for install on existing poles

– Plus Premise termination:• Average $5k each

– Plus cost of fiber:• 15¢ per strand per meter for 36 strands or less • 12¢ per strand per meter for 96 strands or less• 10¢ per strand per meter 192 strands or less• 5¢ per strand per meter over 192 strands

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Condo Fiber Costs - Examples

> Des affluents: Total cost $1,500,000 ($750,000 for schools)– 70 schools– 12 municipal buildings– 204 km fiber– $1,500,000 total cost– average cost per building - $18,000 per building

> Mille-Isles: Total cost $2,100,000 ($1,500,000 for schools)– 80 schools– 18 municipal buildings– 223km– $21,428 per building

> Laval: Total cost $1,800,000 ($1,000,000 for schools)– 111 schools– 45 municipal buildings– 165 km– $11,500 per building

> Peel county: Total cost $5m – 100 buildings– Cost per building $50,000

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Conclusion

> Many governments have recognized the importance of access to low cost dark fiber as fundamental economic enabler

> It will be the 21st century equivalent to the roads and railways that were built in the 20th century