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Some network models
David Macneil
www.canarie.ca
Feb 5, 2004
2
Organisation of Presentation
> What I thought I was doing> What I will do, some examples
– Broadband Task Force, recognition of market failure in small rural communities
• Inefficient and incomplete deployment of broadband• Search for appropriate alternate models
– Broadband and Rural Development Program, BRAND
> Some URL’s
RISQ
6
Dec 03
ORION network
7
8
RFI March 2002Possible partners and needs
> CANARIE Inc., which is deploying the new CA*net 4 network intended to link provincial research networks … and through them universities, research centers, government research labs, schools and other eligible sites, both with each other and with international peer networks.
> NRC, which is deploying a distributed e-commerce research center in New Brunswick located at Moncton, Saint John and Fredericton with an additional link to Miramichi.
> University of New Brunswick (UNB) which manages the NB-PEI Educational Computer Network (ECN), a province wide education network throughout New Brunswick linking universities and other related institutes. UNB also operates the New Brunswick GigaPOP.
> ACOA and the Province of New Brunswick, which are to provide financial support for linking the NRC distributed eCommerce research centers
> University of Prince Edward Island, which operates and manages the PEI Regional Advanced Network.
> Dalhousie University (ACORN-NS), which operates and manages the Nova Scotia Regional Advanced Network.
> Memorial University, which operates and manages the Newfoundland Regional Advanced Network.
Atlantic Canada Advanced Research Network RFP (by item)
Montreal
Halifax
Fredericton
Charlo
tteto
wn
To St. John’s
CA*net 4 Route Diversity
NB ORAN
CA*net 4 Node
Breakout points for ORAN
CA*net 4 Primary Route
NRC e-commerce network
NS ORAN
Miramichi
Sydney
AntigonishTruro
Wolfville
Summerside
Moncton
Bathurst
Saint John
Edmundston
Sackville
Shippagan
10
NB PEI Grid (assembled) - Production July 1, 2003- Co-op venture
Montreal
Halifax
Fredericton
Charlo
tteto
wn
To St. John’s
CA*net 4 Route Diversity
NB ORAN
CA*net 4 Node
Breakout points for ORAN
CA*net 4 Primary Route
NRC e-commerce network
NS ORAN
Miramichi
Summerside
Moncton
Bathurst
Saint John
Edmundston
Sackville
Shippagan
11
CA*net 4 Diversity - Option 2 Map
12
NB / PEI Research Ring
Results:
> Optical Network (>2000 km GT/360 and Eastlink fiber)
> 7 Years funding in place> 7 GigE Rings + OC192c> CA*net4 route diversity in Atlantic Canada except NF> Connect all NB Universities> Link UNB – UPEI GigaPops> Connect NRC sites in NB
13
Alberta SUPERnet
• Province wide network of condominium fiber to 420 communities in Alberta
• Network a mix of fiber builds and existing supplier infrastructure (swap/buy/lease)
• Condominium approach: All suppliers can• Buy (or swap) a share of the fiber (during build or after)• Lease bandwidth at competitive rates
• Government of Alberta has perpetual right to use (IRU) • Ownership will be held at arms length• GOA/stakeholder rates are costs to run divided over users• Because of fiber capacity, bandwidth can be made available to all
businesses at urban competitive rate• Total cost to GOA $193m• Bell Intrigna prime contractor• Guaranteed cost of bandwidth to all public sector institutions
• $500/mo for 10 Mbps, $700/mo for 100 Mbps
14
Extended Area• 372 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Proceeds from
businesses (urban benchmarked rates) to GOA to further network
Base Area• 48 communities• GOA/stakeholder needs• Business proceeds to Bell
(urban benchmarked rates)
- $143 Million GOA
- 100% GOA IRU
- $50 Million
GOA
- 33%GOA IRU
- $102 Million
Bell
- 67% Bell IRU
Alberta SUPERnet IRUs
15
Combination:
• Fibre build
• Use of Existing Infrastructure
Communities with one or more school
Bell Legend
Extended Fibre Network
Base Fibre Network
Backhaul From Other Vendor
BUFFALO TRAILS SCHOOL DIVISION
Clandonald
Tulliby Lake
Lloydminster Public School District # 1753
Innisfree
VermilionKitscoty
Mannville
Paradise Valley
Dewberry
Chauvin
Edgerton
Hardisty
Amisk
Wainwright
Irma
St. Paul Education Regional Division # 1
Elk Island Public Schools Regional Division # 14
Golden Hills Regional Division # 15
Aspen View Regional Division # 19
Clearview School Division # 71
Prairie Land Regional Division # 25
Battle River Regional Division # 31
Northland School Division # 61
Coronation
Elk Point
Killam
Provost
Sedgewick
Two Hills
Vegreville
Viking
Alliance
Consort
Czar
Forestburg
Galahad
Hairy Hill
Heisler
Holden
Lavoy
Marwayne
Myrnam
Strome
Veteran
Willingdon
Alberta SUPERnet Example
16
Current (Typical)Residences
• 56 Kbps dial Internet ($85/Month)
• No high speed Internet
Businesses
• Some T1 Facilities ($2000/Month average - rates distance sensitive)
• Some high speed business service on special setup arrangement
Future (Everywhere)Residences• High speed DSL residential
Internet at urban rates ($40/month)
Businesses• High speed business services
available at competitive urban rates (eg $820/month - T1)
• Higher speeds at comparable rates
RURAL COMMUNITIES
Alberta SUPERnet Impact
17
À venir
Bande passante louée
Projet démarré
Construit
Observatoire Mont-Mégantic
Val d’Or/Rouyn
MAN de Montréal
MAN de Québec
MAN de Sherbrooke
MAN d’Ottawa/Hull
Quebec University Condo Network
18
St-Laurent/Vanier
Lanaudière
Maisonneuve
Marie-Victorin
Champlain
Rosemont
Sorel-Tracy
Montmorency
Édouard-Montpetit
Vieux-Montréal
Bois-de-Boulogne
Ahuntsic
Lionel-Groulx
Vers Québec
Gérald-Godin
John-Abbott
André-Laurendeau
Dawson
À venir
Bande passante louée
Projet démarré
Construit
Montreal Public Sector Condominium Networks
19
South Dundas IROQUOIS
MORRISBURG
20
South Dundas Results
> Morrisburg , Iroquios Have Fibre Hung Electronics In and Fibre Lit
> ISP’s , ASP’s all Want In the Fibre> Major Employers Inquiring> Very Positive Attitude in Community> Digital Desert to Digital Oasis
21
Peel County Municipal Fiber Network
> Mississauga, Brampton, Peel> 200 km of Fibre> 96 strand backbone
– “Enough for small country”
> 12-60 strands elsewhere> 12,000 strand-kilometers
– Laid end-to-end = Victoria to St. John’s …...and back again
22
Fredericton, NB
“At this morning's quarterly Mayor's Business Breakfast, City of Fredericton Mayor A.M. (Sandy) DiGiacinto released details about the high-speed fibre optic cable which will be used to connected the new NRC E-Commerce Institute (UNB campus) to the Greater Fredericton Knowledge Park. Staff have been instructed by City Council to prepare a business case that would leverage this 3 km stretch of cable into an Ultra High-Speed Community Network managed by the municipality.”
> Nov. 2000
23
Fredericton
> Started as Economic Development tool> MUSH, Govt., Research - ISP, carriers invited to
participate> Build partners emerged quickly, $100,000 “donated”
by private sector> Tender call for 8 km phase 1, $110,000, complete
Sept 2001> 48 fiber min.
25
And then…
> City formed not-for-profit “e-Novations”> RFP process not successful> New carrier enters negotiations> GT will provide:
– “Customer Managed” fiber to original partners– 100Mb and GigE VPN
> In production
26
And then…2
> 50 km GT fiber> 16 km new build in 2002> 802.11 (b) for some sites> Fred-eZone, a free municipal-wide Wi-Fi, Nov 03> The first phase of the project (downtown and the
airport), which cost $150,000, has already been completed and the city aims to deliver Wi-Fi access to all public spaces
27
Ireland
> 50,000 km of fiber rings around 123 cities, towns, 19 (2003), 48 (04), 56 (05)
> 300 million Euro, 90% national govt.> Competition neutral infrastructure, open to all
carriers> 5 Mb standard to home
28
Jordan
> “Connecting Jordanians” program> Fiber to all schools by 2004
29
Value of Research Networks
Paper by Dr. Tim Lance on behalf of the Net@EDU group of EDUCAUSE:
http://www.educause.edu/asp/doclib/abstract.asp?ID=NET0202
This white paper, which was contributed by the Net@EDU Broadband Pricing Group, provides a vision of higher education's evolving networking needs over the next five to ten years. Articulating the role of research and education networks in our society, it explores the drivers, challenges and policy issues in deploying said networks, and the need for our community to partner with all levels of government in helping to define and achieve national networking goals.
30
Thank you
www.canet3.net/library/papers.htmlwww.cityofchicago.org/CivicNet/civicnetRFI.pdfwww.canarie.ca/advnet/workshop_2000/presentations/www.smartwinnipeg.mb.ca/Municipal_Fibre.htmhttp://www.crc.ca/en/html/crc/home/research/rrba/definition (BRAND)www.light-wave.com www.enovations.ca (Fredericton)www.albertasupernet.cawww.risq.qc.ca/
www.educause.edu/asp/doclib/abstract.asp?ID=NET0202www.canarie.cawww.canet3.net
31
Extra
32
Customer Empowered Networks
> Universities, school boards and municipalities throughout North America are building condominium dark fiber networks in partnership with a variety of partners
> Individual institutions – the customers – own and control their own strands of fiber– Fiber are configured in point to point private networks; or– Connect to local ISP or carrier hotel– Private sector maintains the fiber
> Low cost LAN architectures and optics are used to light the fiber> These new concepts in customer empowered networking are
starting in the same place as the Internet started – the university and research community.
33
Background
> growing trend for many Universities, schools, and large businesses/institutions to acquire own dark fiber as part of a condominium or municipal fiber build
> increasing need for extreme high-Bw interconnection of large databases, distributed computer systems, instrumentation systems
> more carriers are selling point-to-point wavelengths on long term leases (IRU) which can virtually extend a dark fiber network across a wide area
> network now becomes an asset as opposed to a telecom service> opens up the possibility of swapping light paths with other
organizations on a peer-peer basis> recent explosion in facilities which will allow institutions easy
access to wavelength pooling points (a.k.a. IXs, NAPs, GigaPoPs, carrier hotels), necessary to create a swapping market
34
Examples of CENCustomer Empowered Networks
> Universities in Quebec have built their own 3500km “condominium” fiber network in partnership with 6 carriers- $US 2million– Deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear
> Universities in Alberta deploy their own 400 km 4xGbe dark fiber network - $US 200K– Deploy and manage their own optics and long haul transmission gear
> City of Montreal is second most fibered city in the world because of municipal owned open access conduit
> Peel County – Mississauga & Brampton has built a 200km public sector fiber network - $US 5m
> Many other cities including Fredericton, Toronto have developed or are looking at similar initiatives
35
What is condominium fiber?
> A number of organizations such as schools, hospitals, businesses and universities get together to fund and build a fiber network
> Carrier partners are also invited to be part of condominium project– Several next generation carriers and fiber brokers are now arranging condominium fiber
builds– IMS, QuebecTel, Videotron, Cogeco, Dixon Cable, GT Telecom, etc etc
> Fiber is installed, owned and maintained by 3rd party professional fiber contractors – usually the same contractors used by the carriers for their fiber builds
> Each institution gets its own set of fibers, at cost, on a 20 year IRU (Indefeasible Right of Use)– One time up front cost, plus annual maintenance and right of way cost approx 5%
of the capital cost> Institution lights up their own strands with whatever technology they want –
Gigabit Ethernet, ATM, PBX, etc– Long range laser will reach 120+ km
> Ideal solution for point to point links for large fixed institutions– Payback is usually less than 18 months
36
Market Drivers
> First - low cost– 10% to 1% cost over current telecom prices. 9-36 month payback
> Second - LAN invades the WAN – no complex SONET or ATM required in network
– Network Restoral & Protection can be done by customer using a variety of techniques such as wireless backup, or relocating servers to a multi-homed site, etc
> Third - Enables new applications and services not possible with traditional service providers
– Relocation of servers and extending LAN to central site– Out sourcing LAN and web servers to a 3rd party with no performance impact– IP telephony in the wide area– HDTV video at a new price point
> Fourth – Allows access to new competitive low cost telecom and IT companies at carrier neutral meet me points
– Much easier to out source servers, e-commerce etc. to a 3rd party at a carrier neutral collocation facility
37
Typical Fiber Capital Costs
> Average total cost between $7 and $15 per meter as follows:– Engineering and Design:
• $1 - $3 per meter for engineering, design, supervision, splicing
– Plus Installation:• $7 to $10 per meter for install in existing conduit; or• $3 to $6 per meter for install on existing poles
– Plus Premise termination:• Average $5k each
– Plus cost of fiber:• 15¢ per strand per meter for 36 strands or less • 12¢ per strand per meter for 96 strands or less• 10¢ per strand per meter 192 strands or less• 5¢ per strand per meter over 192 strands
38
Condo Fiber Costs - Examples
> Des affluents: Total cost $1,500,000 ($750,000 for schools)– 70 schools– 12 municipal buildings– 204 km fiber– $1,500,000 total cost– average cost per building - $18,000 per building
> Mille-Isles: Total cost $2,100,000 ($1,500,000 for schools)– 80 schools– 18 municipal buildings– 223km– $21,428 per building
> Laval: Total cost $1,800,000 ($1,000,000 for schools)– 111 schools– 45 municipal buildings– 165 km– $11,500 per building
> Peel county: Total cost $5m – 100 buildings– Cost per building $50,000
39
Conclusion
> Many governments have recognized the importance of access to low cost dark fiber as fundamental economic enabler
> It will be the 21st century equivalent to the roads and railways that were built in the 20th century