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Sodium atom (Na) Chlorine atom (Cl)
Sodium ion (Na+) Chlorine ion (Cl-)
+ -
Sodium ChlorideNaCl
CLASSIFYING MATTER
KEY WORDS
Pure Mixture CompoundMolecule Heterogeneous HomogeneousDiatomic Chemical formula Subscript
• Describe the difference between element and compound, and atom and molecule.
• Understand the various descriptions of matter.
• Understand the information in a chemical formula.
Matter: Anything that has mass and takes up space, or
volume.
Pure substanceThe particles that make up a substance are all the same kind.
Mixture Substance contains more than one kind of particle.
ElementsThe simplest form of a material; an atom is the smallest particle of an element.
CompoundsThe simplest form of any material containing two or more elements chemically bonded together.
A molecule is the smallest particle of a compound.
Element:Silver– all atoms are pure silver.
Possible to have a molecule of the same atoms:
Oxygen gas – O2 Hydrogen gas – H2
Molecules like this are diatomic – “two atoms.”
Compound:Salt – all molecules are pure sodium chloride.
Heterogeneous mixture· Particles are not evenly distributed.· Individual particles can be found.
Sand and waterPizza
Homogeneous mixture· Particles of are evenly distributed – “solution”· Cannot easily separate different parts.
Salt and waterCoke
• All matter is either pure or a mixture.
• Pure matter - elements (atoms) or compounds (molecules).
• Mixtures - homogenous (joined) or heterogeneous (separate).
• Homogenous mixtures are called “solutions”