Smart-grid Interface with Photovoltaic Installation – Phase 2

PP-01Team members:

Matt KoreshIvan Mills

Matt Martin

Advisor:

Dr. Aliprantis

Problem StatementOur group is tasked with the completion of previous work on a PV panel. The panel must be installed on top of Coover Hall and must incorporate smart grid technology.

Our client has expressed a need for a wireless device to send power data between a solar inverter and a computer interface.

Our client has expressed using new Zigbee technology to be incorporated in our design.

Solution

We built upon small amounts of previous work laid out by the previous group and began a design for the installation

We designed a current measuring circuit and incorporated a wireless Zigbee device in order to transmit data to a computer.

Previous PhaseDocumentation on PV panel

PV panel and cables

Due to lack of testing and documentation reverse engineering the inverter could prove futile.

System Diagram

Measurements and Data transfer

Current will be measured from Inverter output

Power will be calculated from known grid Voltage and Current measurements

Data measurements will be sent over Zigbee network to computer with Software interface to display results

Schematic of Final Board

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Microcontroller: PIC18F4620

-10-Bit A/D Converter(up to 13 channels)-Internal Oscillator-USART interface-ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Program)-ICD (In-Circuit Debug)

PIC Programming

MPLAB from Microchip used to programAssembly Code Utilized

◦3 basic functions: Analog to Digital Conversion of input voltage

signal Serial Communication Interface 30 second timer to repeat main functions

PIC ProgrammingList P = PIC18F4620 #include<P18F4620.INC>

;-------------------------------------------------------------------------------;;------ This program is implementing USART on a PIC18F4620 ---------------------;;------ OSC = INT RC-Port on RA6, Port on RA7-----------------------------------;;------ Fosc = 8MHz (internal)--------------------------------------------------;

;------Initialization Routine----------------------------------------------------;Init:

;----------Set Oscillator----------;banksel OSCCONmovlw b'01110000' ;set frequency to 8MHzmovwf OSCCON

;------Configure Input/Output------;;Clear PORTAbanksel PORTA ;Select the bank that PORTA is locatedclrf PORTA ;Clear the Port just in case erroneous

;Configures Pin AN0 as an A/D inputbanksel TRISA ;Select the bank that TRISA is locatedMOVLW b'00000001' ;move binery number to w-registerMOVWF TRISA ;move value from w-reg to TRISA - this makes pin AN0 an input for ADC later

;------ADC Init------;;ADCON0: Controls operation of A/D modulebanksel ADCON0 ;Select the bank that ADCON0 is locatedmovlw b'00000001' ;bit selects AN0 as A/D channel, A/D module enabled, A/D conversion to idlemovwf ADCON0

;ADCON1: Configures functions of port pinsbanksel ADCON1 ;Select the bank that ADCON1 is locatedmovlw b'00000000' ;sets Vref- to Vss, Vref+ to Vdd and AN0 as analog inputmovwf ADCON1

;ADCON2: Configures A/D clock source, programmed acquisition time and justificationbanksel ADCON2 ;Select the bank that ADCON2 is locatedmovlw b'10101000' ;A/D Result right-justifiedmovwf ADCON2

;------Configure USART Communication------;banksel TRISC ;select bank holding TRISCmovlw b'11000000' ;Program RC7/RX pin and RC6/TX pin as directed by datasheet (pg 201)movwf TRISC ;

banksel SPBRG ;Select bank holding SPBRGmovlw b'00001100' ;decimal value of 12 (binary 00001100) is required value for 9600 baud ratemovwf SPBRG ;

PIC Programming (cont)banksel RCSTA ;select bank holding RCSTAmovlw b'10000000' ;Enabled transmission, 8 data bits. SPEN bit (RCSTA<7>=1)movwf RCSTA ;USART ready to transmit and recieve data

banksel TXSTA ;select bank holding TXSTAmovlw b'10000000' ;Transmit enabeled bit TXEN(TXSTA<5>) set low(disabled) for now, Asynchronous mode low speed(BRGH=0)movwf TXSTA ;

goto Main ;force program to go to Main loop after initialization

;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------;;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------;

;;------Main Routine--------------------------------------------------------------;Main:

;------ADC------;\

;Clear ADC Output registers first to ensure correct measurementbanksel ADRESH ;Select the bank that ADRESH is locatedclrf ADRESH ;clear output highbanksel ADRESL ;Select the bank that ADRESL is locatedclrf ADRESL ;clear output low

;Actually Perform ADCbanksel ADCON0 ;Select the bank that ADCON0 is locatedbsf ADCON0, GO_DONE ;sets GO_DONE bit high enabling ADCbtfsc ADCON0, GO_DONE ;checks GO_DONE, if low the next line is skippedgoto $-1 ;this is a loop, if GO_DONE is low (ie. ADC is complete)

program returns to previous line

;------Send data in A/D registers to Serial------;;---Note:Data to transmit must be in W register--;

TXDATA:;---Send ADRESH-----;

banksel TXSTAbsf TXSTA,TXEN ;Transmit enabled bit TXEN(TXSTA<5>) set, this enables

transmission

banksel ADRESHmovf ADRESH, W ;put data located in ADRESH into working registrybanksel TXREGmovwf TXREG ;Store ADRESH data in TXREG initializing transmission

PIC Programming (cont)movlw b'10101010' ;waste time in order to allow TRMT (status bit) to change so we can pole itmovlw b'11010101' ;waste more time

WaitHere btfss TXSTA,TRMT ;transmit complete if bit TRMT(TXSTA<1>) is highgoto WaitHere ;sending not

done, go back through loop

banksel TXSTAbcf TXSTA,TXEN ;clear transmit

enabled bit when finished

;---Send ADRESL-----;banksel TXSTAbsf TXSTA,TXEN ;Transmit enabled bit TXEN(TXSTA<5>) set, this enables

transmission

banksel ADRESLmovf ADRESL, W ;put data located in ADRESL into working registrybanksel TXREGmovwf TXREG ;Store ADRESL data in TXREG initializing transmission

movlw b'10101010' ;waste time in order to allow TRMT (status bit) to change so we can pole itmovlw b'11010101' ;waste more time

WaitHere2 btfss TXSTA,TRMT ;transmit complete if bit TRMT(TXSTA<1>) is highgoto WaitHere2 ;sending not

done, go back through loop

banksel TXSTAbcf TXSTA,TXEN ;clear transmit

enabled bit when finished

;------Wait 30's to take another measurement and send data------;;---------------------------Delay Loop--------------------------;;-------Instructions occure every 1/f --------------------------;

;This code segment defines how many times to run the delay loopmovlw 0xFF ;Put the value of 85h in the working register (85h is a value)movwf 09h ;Move this value to the 09h register (09h is a register)

COUNT2 equ 09h ;09h defines how many times to run COUNT1 delay loop

movlw 0xFF ;Put the value of 85h in the working register (85h is a value)movwf 07h ;Move this value to the 09h register (09h is a register)

COUNT3 equ 07h ;09h defines how many times to run COUNT1 delay loop

PIC Programming (cont)LABEL3:

movlw 0xFF ;Put the value of FFh (255) in the working register (FFh is a value)

movwf 08h ;Move this value to the 08h register (08h is a register)COUNT1 equ 08h ;Now COUNT will equal the value 85hLABEL DECFSZ COUNT1,1;Decrease COUNT1 by 1 from 255, if COUNT1=0 skip next line and continue

goto LABEL ;COUNT1 is not 1 therefore go to LABEL

DECFSZ COUNT2,1 ;Decrease COUNT2 by 1 from 09h, if COUNT2=0 skip next line and continuegoto LABEL3 ;if COUNT2 is not 0 therefore re-run delay loop another time

DECFSZ COUNT3,1 ;Decrease COUNT2 by 1 from 09h, if COUNT2=0 skip next line and continuegoto LABEL3 ;if COUNT2 is not 0 therefore re-run delay loop another time

goto Main

;--------------------------------------------------------------------------------;

end

Wireless Communication

Wireless communication utilizes Zigbee protocol

Zigbee:a) Was a design requirementb) Requires minimal powerc) Easy to used) Is becoming a standard

Zigbee Module•Includes MAC address•Straight-forward interface•More standardized than other modules

Network Topology Due to low power of Zigbee modules a mesh network is utilized to increase

reach of our network We are planning ahead for an increased number of devices in the future Zigbee modules work with other device brands

Installation Location

Installation (cont)

Equipment

Standards

Expandability

Serial Communications

Built in Java

Event Driven

USB to Serial

Testing Communications

PC Settings

Communications Check

Modem Configuration

Data Storage

Relay data to a MySQL database

Programs Needed

PHP/Script Interaction

Expandability

Visualization

Google API

Select and Zoom Feature

Project Evolution

Prototype Final Product

Project Evolution

Prototype Final Product

Sources

http://www.wirelessnetdesignline.com/173500576 http://www.microchip.com http://www.digi.com http://www.microwatt.co.uk/images/zigbee_topology.png

Questions?