ORGANIC INTERMEDIATES FROM SWITZERLAND

for dyestuffs pharmaceuticals agrochemicals perfumes photochemicals

Cyclohexylbenzene Phenylcyclohexane

NM2

CH (CH3)2

4-lsopropylaniline 4-Aminocumene

o

0 C2H5C(CH3)2

4-te/f. Amylcyclohexanone 4-ferf. Pentylcyclohexanone

N H 2

a,a,a -Trifluoro-m-toluidine 99% 3-Aminobenzotrifluoride

COOH

N0 2 ^ COOH

5-Nitroisophthalic acid

J§t? HN I C2H5

N-Ethyl-3,4-methylene-dioxyaniline

Isosorbide dinitratelSDN mixtures with lactose,etc.

For catalog,samples,technical data pleasecontact US-Agents: Riches-Nelson, Inc., 170 Mason-Street, Greenwich, Conn. 06831 Phone: 203TO9-3088 Samples for commercial trade only Agents in other countries: Please inquire

SSF DOTTIKON Swiss Explosives Works Ltd CH-5605 Dottikon/Switzerland Phone 057/4 05 55 Telex 52 694 fasex ch

Slow growth ahead for textile chemicals With textile mill fiber consumption slated to grow about 4% annually over the next few years, the market for textile chemicals is expected to top the billion-dollar mark by 1980. But the small companies that traditionally scramble for their slice of the textile chemical business will have to work harder to maintain their share. Large, integrated textile mills are developing their own chemical operations and are starting to formulate their own textile chemical compounds.

Right now, according to Edward G. Hochberg, these large mills account for about 10% of the dollar sales volume for dyeing, finishing, and printing chemicals. By 1980, he says, their share of the market could reach 15% as the chemicals used captively up to then move out into mer­chant markets.

Many of the 300 or more companies that are part of the pipeline to the textile chemical market will feel the pressure. But Hochberg, who is a principal with E. G. Hochberg & Associates (Chester, N.J.), says the small company that has a strong technological base in textile chemicals and can innovate compounds to meet specific industry requirements still will be able to compete profitably.

He told a recent meeting of the Chem­ical Marketing Research Association in New York City that, in most cases, dyers, finishers, and printers have only a limited knowledge of the chemicals used in com­pounds or in concentrate formulations. As a result, the relatively small formulator-compounder, with annual sales averaging less than $5 million, still controls 80 to 85% of the textile chemical market.

The exception is in finishing chemicals, where large volumes of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylic latices are sold directly by basic polymer producers. About 40% of the market for finishing agents is controlled by the basic resin producers.

Last year, says the chemical industry consultant, that market amounted to $516 million. That's 63% of the total market for textile chemicals, which also includes dyeing chemicals ($190 million) and printing chemicals ($110 million). Not included in these totals are the dyes and pigments used in textile processing.

Textile finishing agents cover a wide range of products, such as durable press resins and catalysts, flame retardants, stain repellents, softeners, and lubricants. But the largest share by far goes to the resins and starches that are used for car­pet back coatings, nonwoven binders, and adhesives.

Hochberg estimates that in 1980 about 12 billion lb of textiles and carpeting will be treated with one or more finishing agents. If he's right, the market for fin­ishing chemicals could grow to $675 mil­lion (in 1980 dollars). The various resin latices could capture $460 million of the total.

An estimated $714 million worth of

KEY CHEMICALS For the past two years Chemical & Engineering News has been publishing a series of data-packed, one-page reviews of the current economic status and short-term outlook for each of 30 of the basic products of the chem­ical industry. These 30 reviews have now been brought together in a convenient reprint.

So, with this one publication bring yourself up to date on the products that form the underpin­nings for the entire chemical business.

The 30 chemicals are:

Ammonia

Benzene

Butadiene

Carbon black

Carbon dioxide

Caustic soda

Chlorine

Cyclohexane

DMT/PTA

Ethylene

Ethylene glycol

Formaldehyde

Lime

Methanol

Nitric acid

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Phosphoric acid

Phosphorus

Propylene

Propylene oxide

Soda ash

Styrene

Sulfur

Sulfuric acid

Titanium dioxide

Urea

Vinyl acetate

Vinyl chloride

p-Xylene

Chemical & Engineering News Reprints 1155—16th St., N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036

Please send . copies of "Key Chemicals" at $3.50 per copy, $2.50 per copy for orders of more than 10. On orders of $20 or less, please send check or money order with request.

Name

Address

City

State

10 C&ENMay29, 1978

WHAT'S BETTER THAN SPEED READING?

SPEED LEARNING ( S P E E D P L U S C O M P R E H E N S I O N )

Speed Learning is replacing speed reading because it's easy to learn everything you read . . . and is now available to ACS members at

Do you have too much to read and too little time to read it? Do you mentally pronounce each word as you read? Do you frequently have to go back and re­read words or whole paragraphs you just finished reading? Do you have trouble concentrating? Do you quickly forget most of what you read?

If you answer "yes" to any of these questions — then here at last is the prac­tical help you've been waiting for. Whether yoi* read for business or plea­sure, school or college, you will build excep­tional skills from this major breakthrough in effective reading, created by Dr. Russell Stauffer at the University of Delaware.

Not just "speed reading" — but speed reading-thinking-understanding-

remembering-and-learning

The new Speed Learning Program shows you step-by-proven-step how to increase your reading skill and speed, so you understand more, remember more and use more of everything you read. The typical remark made by the 75,000 slow readers who completed the Speed Learning Program was: "Why didn't someone teach me this a long time ago?" They were no longer held back by the lack of skills and poor reading habits. They could read almost as fast as they could think.

What makes Speed Learning so successful?

The new Speed Learning Program does not offer you a rehash of the usual eye-exercises, timing devices, costly gadgets you've probably heard about in connec­tion with speed reading courses or even tried and found ineffective.

In just a few spare minutes a day of easy reading and exciting listening, you discover an entirely new way to read and think — a radical departure from any-

Full Refund if Dissatisfied

This program is produced by Learn, Inc., Mount Laurel, New Jersey. Any purchaser who decides that the program does not live up to the description above may return all materials, in good condition, within ten days after receipt for full refund of the purchase price.

To order the program, use the convenient order form provided. Please allow three weeks for delivery.

thing you have ever seen or heard about. Research ,shows that reading is 95% thinking and only 5% eye movement. Yet most of today's speed reading programs spend their time teaching you rapid eye movement (5% of the problem) and ig­nore the most important part (95%) think­ing. In brief, Speed Learning gives you what speed reading can't.

Imagine the new freedom you'll have when you learn how to dash through all types of reading material at least twice as fast as you do now, and with greater comprehension. Think of being able to get on top of the avalanche of newspa­pers, magazines and correspondence you have to read . . . finishing a stimulating book and retaining facts and details more clearly and with greater accuracy than ever before.

Listen-and-learn at your own pace

This is a practical, easy-to-learn pro­gram that will work for you — no matter now slow a reader you think you are now. The Speed Learning Program is sci­entifically planned to get you started quickly . . . to help you in spare minutes a day. It brings you a "teacher-on-cassettes" who guides you, instructs, en­courages you, explain­ing material as you

AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY Educational Activities Department

, . . lasts a lifetime . . . applies to a very attractive price. read. Interesting items taken from Time Magazine, Business Week, Wall Street Journal, Family Circle, N.Y. Times and many others, make the program stimulating, easy and fun . . . and so much more effective.

Executives, s tudents, professional people, men and women in all walks of life from 15 to 70 have benefited from this program, which costs only 1/5 the price of less effective speed reading class­room courses. Now you can examine the same, easy, practical and proven methods at home . . . in spare time . . . without risking a penny.

Examine Speed Learning FREE for 10 days

You will be thrilled at how quickly this program will begin to develop new thinking and reading skills. After listen­ing to just one cassette and reading the preface you will quickly see how you can achieve increases in both the speed at which you read and in the amount you understand and remember.

You must be delighted with what you see or you pay nothing. Examine this remarkable program for 10 days. If, at the end of that time you are not convinced that you would like to master Speed

Learning, simply return the ~ 9I _. program and owe noth-GANDHi ^ ^ ^ H l i ng- See the coupon

for low price. Mail Today!

In most cases, the entire cost of your Speed Learning Program is Tax Deductible.

1155 Sixteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036

YES! Please send me the Speed Learning Program (Includes postage & handling) • ACS Member $79.95 • Nonmember $82.95 Enclosed is my check payable to ACS. A $3 billing charge is added to all non-prepaid orders.

Name

Title

Company/Organization

Address

City_ State. Zip.

Business Phone No.

May 29, 1978 C&EN 11

LIME and the products we need

Now perhaps more than ever, people in manufacturing are under pressure to protect the "bottom line." And in any company that uses industrial chemicals, the chances are that lime is—or could be—making heroes of its ad­vocates. Like, for instance, using lime instead of caustic soda—at about 80 rr savings—for neutralizing.

There are, in fact, at least 15 important things that lime can do for manufacturers, as well as or better than costlier chemicals. The broad spectrum of lime's appli­cations is indicated by light flashes in the above picture of a housewife, her home and car.

Something is owed to lime for the textiles in her clothes . . . the leather in her shoes and bag . . . the paper in her magazine . . . the gold and silver in her jewelry . . . the steel in her car . . . the mortar, window glass, gutters and down-spouts in her home. And more, much more.

Yes, lime is indeed a versatile chemical. And beyond helping us produce a wide variety of products, it can help us breathe cleaner air, drink purer water, eat better food. If you'd like to know more about what lime can do —possibly in advancing your career—request a copy of our booklet Chemical Lime Facts from our Department F-l .

L.IIV1EI

5 0 1 0 W I S C O N S I N A V E N U E , N.W. W A S H I N G T O N , D.C. 2 0 0 1 6 NATIONAL LIME ASSOCIATION "THE"

VERSATILE CHEMICAL

the versatile chemical T.M.

Now reaching beyond historic roles in building and agriculture, lime to­day has become just about the No. 1 chemical in both diversity and ton­nage of uses. With remarkable effec­tiveness and cost-benefit ratios, among other things modern lime can:

ABSORB

ALKALIZE

BENERCIATE

CAUSTICIZE

CLARIFY

COAGULATE

DEHYDRATE

DISINFECT

FLUX

NEUTRALIZE

PLASTICIZE

PURIFY

PRECIPITATE

REFINE

STABILIZE •

all this and more can be done with

Textile chemicals: a billion-dollar market by 1980

Markets (and typical examples) $ Millions8

DYE BATH ADDITIVES $240 Carriers (Biphenyl, ophenyl phenol, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene, methyl 55

naphthalene, perchloroethylene) Leveling and dispersing agents (Alkyl aryl sulfonic acids, ethoxylated alcohols, 27

quaternary ammonium compounds) Antlfoams (Silicones, surfactants) 24 Acids (Acetic acid, formic acid) 23 Wetting and penetrating agents (Ethoxylated nonyl phenol, ethoxylated 16

alcohols, alcohols of alkyl aryl sulfonic acid, esters of phosphoric acid) Exhaust agents (Sodium chloride, sodium sulfate) 12 Other 83

FINISHING AGENTS $675 Carpet back coatings, nonwoven binders, adhesives, and hand modifiers 417

(Acrylic latex, styrene-butadiene rubber latex, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, melamine formaldehyde, starches, and polyvinyl chloride)

Stain repellents (Fluorochemicals, silicones, waxes) 70 Durable press resins and catalysts (Glyoxal [dimethylol, dihydroxy ethylene 54

urea], carbamate [isobutyl, 2-methoxy ethyl]) Softeners and lubricants (Silicones, polyethylene emulsions, quaternary 51

cationics) Flame retardants (Tetrakis, phosphonium sulfate/ammonia, cyclic 26

phosphonates, antimony oxide, diammonium phosphate, alumina trihydrate) Other 57

PRINTING CHEMICALS $147 Thickeners (Starch, alginates, guar, maleic anhydride, polyacrylic acids, 55.2

acrylates) Binders (Acrylates, styrene-butadiene rubber, butadiene acrylonitrile, 13.2

hexamethylol melamine formaldehyde) Acids and acid donors (Formic acid, acetic acid) 9.0 Wetting and penetrating agents (Dioctyl sulfosuccinates, ethoxylates, alcohols) 6.4 Bactericides (Pentachlorophenol, o-phenyl phenol) 5.9 Solvents (Low C8 and aromatic distillates, urea) 2.8 Softeners (Polyethylene glycol ethers, quaternary compounds) 2.4 Dispersing agents/emulslfiers (Ethoxylated alcohols, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, 1.2

sodium lauryl sulfate)

Other 50.9

TOTAL TEXTILE CHEMICALS $1062

a In 1980 dollars. Source: E. G. Hochberg & Associates

LIME

dyes and other chemicals were used in textile dyeing operations last year, Hochberg says. He expects that by 1980 9.5 billion lb of textiles and carpets will move through some kind of dyeing oper­ation. This likely will push the 1980 market for dyes and dye-bath additives up to $939 million (in 1980 dollars), he adds.

Dyes will account for the greatest por­tion of the market ($699 million) in 1980. Disperse-type dyes for polyester and acid dyes for nylon (which dominates the tufted carpet market) will be the most important dyes over the next few years, Hochberg says.

Meanwhile, the market for dye-bath chemicals will become a $240 million target in its own right by 1980. There are literally thousands of formulated dye-bath additive compounds on the market. With dyeing still what Hochberg calls "a black art," each dye bath is run with for­mulas worked out empirically over the years by the dyer himself.

For the dyer, hydrocarbon carriers

represent the largest single-cost element other than dyes themselves. Hochberg estimates that they will purchase about $55 million worth of carriers that increase dyeing speed and make it easier for the dye to penetrate the fiber.

The $147 million market that Hochberg projects for textile printing agents in 1980 will bring the total market for textile processing chemicals above the billion-dollar mark that year. By then, the in­dustry will be printing about 3.5 billion linear yards of textiles (60-inch width) and 800 million square yards of carpeting. In addition to the printing agents or chemicals, another $194 million will be spent on dyes and pigments for printing processes.

In all, Hochberg sees the total market for textile chemicals, dyes, and pigments approaching $2 billion in 1980. But that is in 1980 dollars. In constant (1977) dol­lars, the total market value is $1.67 billion. This amounts to a 4% average annual growth rate through the remainder of the 1970's. D

May 29, 1978 C&EN 13