Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
SLAVES:•Economic – gang force labor in fields, Manifest Destiny opened rich new lands (more slaves were needed)
•Social – treated as property, dehumanized, deprived of African name and culture, cruelty
•Political: South, no rights, Political power in white South was based on how many slaves one owned. North, slavery was gradually abolished after the Revolutionary Ward
•Westward expansion caused heated debates over slavery
Free Blacks
•Economic – worked as domestics, artisans, laborers and sailors
Social – African Methodist and Baptist Churches were the central focus
Political: Black national conventions, eight states sent black delegates to the 1853 convention, limited freedom due to prejudices, regulated by slave codes.
Most famous African American who played a role in the abolitionist movement
•Escaped from slavery
•Published the “North Star” (antislavery newspaper)
•Wrote an autobiography Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglas
Supreme Court case struck down Missouri Compromise allowing slavery to expand in the “free territories” of the North and West
Scott was a slave who was forced to accompany his master from Missouri to a free territory
Scott sued for his freedom in the new territory
Chief Justice ruled that Scott was property not a citizen
Importance: Big step leading toward Civil War
1860 – 16th President of the U.S.
South Carolina was the first state to secede from the Union because Lincoln was a Republican and associated with the abolitionist cause
Believed the states had never legally left the Union
Assassinated 1863 by John Wilkes Booth
North wanted strong central government while the South wanted states’ rights
Slavery was the major issue
North prevailed
Brilliant general of the Confederate Army
His defeat at the Battle of Gettysburg was the turning point of the war in favor of the North
Lee surrendered to Grant at Appomattox Court House in 1865
Union’s top general in the Civil War
1868 – President of the United States
Presidency marred with corruption and scandals
Site of first shots of the Civil War
Significance: North Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, and Arkansas seceded
Former Senator from Mississippi
1861 = elected first president of the Confederacy
Struggled to unify the southern states under a central government
President Abraham Lincoln
Freed all slaves in states that were rebelling against the Union
Effect: Many African Americans rushed to join the union army
Involved most soldiers and produced most deaths in the Civil War
Site of Lincoln’s famous Gettysburg address
Turning point of Civil War in favor of the North
Part of the Anaconda Plan
Union took control of the Mississippi River cutting the South off from the West
Stressed concept of national unity
Denied secession’s legality
Promised not to interfere with slavery in border states where slavery existed
Stated, “Malice toward none; charity for all”
Period after the Civil War known as radical Reconstruction
The South was in political, social and economic turmoil and eleven states had suceded.
1865 – Freedmen’s Bureau was established to assist former slaves with food, medical care, schools and resettlement
1865-South created the black codes. These restricted blacks rights to own property, established a curfew, and forced blacks to work as agricultural laborers. The Civil Right Act of 1866 eliminated these codes.
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments
After federal troops withdrew from the South, blacks again became second-class citizens. It would not be until the civil rights movement in the 1960s that this would change.
