SKELETAL UNIT PACKET

Bones List

Cranium/Face:- Frontal- Occipital- Temporal- Parietal- Maxilla- Mandible- Sphenoid

Vertebral Column:- Cervical - Thoracic- Lumbar- Sacrum- Coccyx

Carpals & Hand:- Scaphoid- Lunate- Triquetral/triquetrum- Pisiform- Trapezoid- Trapezium- Capitates- Hamate- Metacarpals- Phalanges

Teeth- Central incisor- Lateral incisor- Cuspid- First bicuspid- Second bicuspid- First Molar- Second Molar- Third Molar

Arm:- Scapula- Humerus- Ulna- Radius

Pelvis/Leg: - Ilium- Ischium- Pubis- Femur- Tibia- Fibula

Tarsals & Foot:- Calcaneus- Talus- Cuboid- Cuneiforms- Navicular- Metatarsals- Phalanges

Walking Tour

#1 - The # on the femur:- The # on the sternum- The # on the humerus

#6 - The # on the parietal bone- The # on the manubrium- The # on the occipital bone

#2 - The # on the clavicle- The # on the fibula- The # on the ulna

#7 - The # on the thoracic spine- The # on the lumbar spine- The # on the cervical spine

#3 - The # costal- The # on the scapula- The # on the patella

#8 - The # on the carpal bones- The # on the Tarsal bones- The # on the phalanges

#4 - The # on the Tibia- The # on the radius- The # on the ilium

#9 A hinge joint allows primarily only the movements of flexion & extension T/F:List the numbers of the hinge joints on the skeleton:

#5 - The # on the calcaneus- The # on the maxilla- The # on the frontal bone

#10 A ball and socket joint allows the movements of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction and circumduction (circle) T/F:

List the numbers of the hinge joints on the skeleton:

#11 - The # on the pubis- The # on the mandible- The # on the sphenoid

ABBREVIATIONSAnt C1-C7DJD orth THR TKR

WORD PARTSSkelet/o -al, -ia-tion Articul/oAx/o -ialBurs/o -aCartilage/o Degenerate/oExtreme/o, extremit/o Fasci/oOrth/o Peri-Oss/e, oss/I, oste/o, ost/o

-um

Prosth/o, prosthet/o -sisSynovi/o, synov/o Tendin/o-itis Cervic/oBrev/i, brev/o Pod/o-blast -clastSpher/o Platyslord/o Kyph/o-porosis Arthr/oDislocate/o Scoli/o

VOCABULARYSkeletal Articulation

Appendicular Axial

Bursa Cancellous

Cartilage Fibrous connective tissue Collagen White protein fibers of the kin, tendons, bone and cartilage

Compact Having a dense structure, hard Degeneration

Extremity Fascia Fibrous connective tissue that joins organs

Ligament Marrow Soft organic material filling the cavities of bones

Orthopedic Periosteum

Plaque Prosthesis

Resorption Loss of bone tissue caused by the action of specialized cells

Synovial

Tendon

Skeletal OutlineFunctions of Bones:

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Bone Tissue- Composed of:

- Need

- Continue

Components of bone:-

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Skeletal system:1. Axial =

2. Appendicular =

Shapes of Bone:- Long:

- Short:

- Flat: - Irregular:

- Sesamoid:

Skull- Cranium:

o

- Face:

o- ears- mandible is

Thorax:- ribs

o true ribs: o false ribs: o intercostal space:

- sternum- vertebral bones:

Articulations (joints):- named by the bones they join

o Synarthrosis

o Amphiarthrosis

o Diathrosis

Synovial joints contain

6 types of Diarthrosis (movable) Joints1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

SKELETAL HEALTH CONCERNSDisease/disorder Etiology S/S TX

GoutToo much uric acid in the blood Painful swelling of a joint

mostly in the great toe, fever, chills

Medications, diet therapy

Dislocation Relocated by professional, surgery

Kyphosis:Abnormal curvature of the thoracic spine “hunchback”

Exercises to strengthen back

Scoliosis:Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine

Congenital, rickets, shortening of one leg

Corrective exercises, braces, casting, surgical correction

Lordosis:Abnormal curvature of lumbar spine “swayback”

Pregnancy, obesity, poor posture Exercise, brace

Bursitis:-inflammation of the sac around the joint

Trauma or irritation Swelling, restricted movement

Protection of joint, rest, medication, removal of excess fluid

Arthritis:Inflammation of a joint. #1 crippling disease

No cure, treatment to relieve pain. Surgery in severe cases to replace joint

Osteoporosis Hormones, calcium vitamin D

Spiral fx Splinting, cast, MD

Colles fx Splinting, cast, possible surgery

Greenstick fx: Incomplete break. Most common in young athletes

Brace, possible surgery,

6 types of diarthrosis joints