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© Fraunhofer ISI
Privacy: What are we actually talking about? – A mul:disc ip l inary approach
Ph i l i p S chü t z , PhD Cand ida te a n d M i c h a e l F r i e d e w a l d , F r a u n h o f e r I S I
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Fraunhofer Ins:tute for Systems and Innova:on Research ISI
Breslauer Strasse 48 | 76139 Karlsruhe | Germany
Sixth PrimeLife/IFIP Summer School ‐ Helsingborg Monday, 2nd August 2010
© Fraunhofer ISI Seite 2
At a glance
1 Introduction
2 The different perspectives
Ethical dimension Social perspective Economic aspects
3 Conclusion
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
© Fraunhofer ISI Seite 3
Old or new topic?
Introduc)on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
September 2008 July 1970
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
© Fraunhofer ISI Seite 4
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc)on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
"If you have something that you don't want anyone to
know, maybe you should not be doing it in the first
place.“ Erik Schmidt (Google CEO) in an interview on CNBC in December 2009
“You have zero privacy anyway, get over it.“ Scott McNealy (former CEO of Sun Microsystems) at a press conference in 1999
“People have really gotten comfortable not only
sharing more information and different kinds, but
more openly and with more people.“ Mark Zuckerberg (CEO of Facebook) at the Crunchie awards, San Francisco, in 2010
Challenging privacy
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Ethical dimension W h y d o w e c o n s i d e r p r i v a c y a s s o m e t h i n g w o r t h y t o p r o t e c t ?
Biological arguments - Territorial behaviour and avoidance of overcrowding
Anthropological perspective - Privacy as a “cultural universal”
Psychological aspects - Safety valve function
Feminists’ perception - Instrument of power from men over women
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
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Ethical dimension Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
Religious influence - Private realm as a sacred place
Liberalism - Privacy as a negative (defensive) and positive right
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Social perspec:ve I s t h e r e a s o c i a l v a l u e t o p r i v a c y ?
Dichotomy between private and public - Zero-sum game
Schoppenhauer’s hedgehog’s dilemma - Hobbes’ homo homini lupus and Aristotle’s zoon politicon
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec)ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
Conflicting values - Privacy vs. national security; privacy vs. transparency
Balancing processes - Testing of a legitimate end, suitability, necessity and
proportionality
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Social perspec:ve Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec)ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
Pursuit of the greater good - Danger of Tocqueville’s tyranny of the majority
“Dark side” of privacy - Shields terrorists and other criminals from being discovered
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Economic aspects W h a t i s t h e r e t o g a i n o r l o s e f r o m p r i v a c y ?
Actor-centred approach - Privacy Protector (PP)
• Dual Choice Model: “Giving away” or “Retaining Privacy”
- Information Collector (IC) • Options of action involve the collecting, aggregating, storing and processing of
personal data, the reaction to privacy breaches as well as the deployment of
PETs
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
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Economic aspects Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
Cost-benefit matrix of the PP
Cost-benefit matrix of the IC
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Conclusion
Overlaps - Intrinsic value of privacy and the need of balancing
Synergetic effects - Ethical aspects as a complement to the economic perspective
Monday, 2nd August 2010 [email protected]
Introduc:on | Ethical dimension | Social perspec:ve | Economic aspects | Conclusion
© Fraunhofer ISI Seite 12
Thank you for your a t tent ion !
Contact: Philip Schütz Dr. Michael Friedewald Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research Breslauer Straße 48, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany Phone: +49 721 6809-146 Email: [email protected]
The PRESCIENT Project http://www.prescient-project.eu
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