Instructors: John Hildebrand (SIO) and Lisa Balance (SWFSC) JH Office hours: Friday 10:30-11:30 Ritter Hall 200E Guest lecturers: Ana Širović and Simone Baumann-Pickering Teaching assistants: Kait Frasier and Matt Leslie ML Office hours: Monday 2:00-4:00 Galbraith Hall 364 KF Office hours: Wednesday 10:00-12:00 GH 364 Class website: www.cetus.ucsd.edu/sio133

SIO 133 – Marine Mammal Biology

SIO 133 – Marine Mammal Biology

Textbook: Marine Mammals: Evolutionary Biology (2nd Edition) Berta, Sumich and Kovacs Supplemental PDF readings posted on class website: www.cetus.ucsd.edu/sio133

SIO 133 – Evaluation Criteria

Midterm: 30% Term Paper: 30% Final Exam: 30% Section Participation: 10% Important dates: Midterm May 5 Term Paper Topic Due May 5-7 Term Paper Outline Due May 12-14 Term Paper Due June 6 @ 6 pm Final Exam June 11, 8-11 am

SIO 133 – Term Paper

Detailed examination of a topic or species ~5-7 pages (not including citations) Beyond level of material covered in class Use information from the primary literature Scientific journals or Monographs

e.g. Marine Mammal Science

SIO 133 – Goals of the Course

Understand marine mammal diversity, evolution, physiology, ecology, and behavior

Challenges for mammals living in the sea Thermal regulation Diving hydrostatics Communication Social systems, reproduction

Conservation and management Whaling Fisheries interactions

Marine Biozones and Light Zones

Major Biomes

Polar (Arctic) zone

Polar (Antarctic) zone

Global Ocean Circulation

Subsurface

Surface

POLAR TEMPERATE SUBTROPICAL TROPICAL

Vertical Profiles of Temperature and Nutrients

Coastal Upwelling in the Northern Hemishpere

SEA SURFACE PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY

Based on satellite data for ocean color

Zooplankton Biomass

Benthic Biomass

• Plankton (float, limited ability to propel themselves)

• phytoplankton (plants)

• zooplankton (animals)

• Nekton (swimmers): fish, reptiles, mammals, birds ...

• Benthos: live on the bottom (epifauna) or within the sediments (infauna)

• Many change: plankton early in life benthic or nekton

Lifestyles of Marine Organisms

Marine Food Web Availability of food established by:

- Primary production and number of trophic levels

Marine Mammals Early observations: Aristotle (384-322 BC) – Historia Animalia describes

mammals: dolphins, killer whales, baleen whales Konrad Gesner (1516-1565) – Historia Animalium

earliest drawings of marine mammals

Marine Mammal Science Emerged as a discipline in last 50 years Journals: Marine Mammal Science, Journal of

Mammalogy, Canadian Journal of Zoology,

Journal of Zoology, Fisheries Bulletin, Marine

Ecology Progress Series, …

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1495-1840 1845-1960 1961-1998 1999-2004

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Marine Mammal Science Study of Mammal Mammals Increasing technology:

Remote sensing

acoustic, satellite

time-depth recorders

Crittercam Molecular ecology

systematics

taxonomy