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Simulation and VelomobilesSimulation and Velomobiles
The 2005 Great Midwestern Velomobile and HPV FestivalThe 2005 Great Midwestern Velomobile and HPV FestivalEastern Iowa Environmental Innovators Organization (EIEIO)Eastern Iowa Environmental Innovators Organization (EIEIO)
Nickolas Hein 11 June 2005Nickolas Hein 11 June 2005
Outline
Fundamental EquationsTerrain modelingResultsUsing the results
Bike designCoaching/Training
Possibilities - CurrentPossibilities - Future
Fundamental Equation Acceleration Equation for Human Power
a = F/m = [(P/W) - V2) ]*Wg
V (W/CdA)
V = Vprev + a*t
X = Xprev + V*t
Power Rolling Fric. Slope Wind Resistance
Constant Slope:
Sine-wave Hill= max* sin (2 * x / lhill) or = * sin (2x * max / h max)
where: max = Max hill slopelhill = Hill length. h max = Maximum hill height
3) Table Lookup from recorded data GPS recording via waypoints
GIS data from databases (Mapquest)Manual/auto recording
Terrain ModelingThree Methods
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
0 200 400 600 800
Distance (ft)
He
igh
t (f
t)
Terrain Profile
-3000
-2000
-1000
0
1000
2000
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000
Distance (m)
He
igh
t(m
)
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
Faired
Unfaired
Results – Time History
Results - Phase Plot of Speed/Height
Results - Phase Plot of Speed/Accel
Using the Results - Bike Design
• How much can energy storage help?
• What is the tradeoff between weight and drag.
• What are the range of speeds/accels expected
• How does streamlining affect trip times?
• What is the effect of power input/timing?
• Does size (of hills) matter?
Using the Results – Coaching/Training
• Where do you get the most benefit from putting effort in?
• What is the effect of stopping partway up/down a hill?
• How much energy does turning require?
• Other?
Possibilities – Available & Underutilized
• Graphic Excel Spreadsheet
• Common engineering tools (esp. Simulink)
• Hacking flight simulations (esp. X-Plane)
• Hacking automotive simulations
• Combinations
Possibilities – Available Now
Possibilities - Future
• Custom-coded simulation using public-domain physics engine (TOKAMAK), user interface (Eclipse) and visual system (VRML).
• Cockpit hardware for rider training, design development, various studies
• Open source development centrally archived (Sourceforge)
• Similar projects are underway for aircraft (Flightgear) and spacecraft (Orbiter, Celestia). Does anyone know of something for road vehicles?
Possibilities – Future
Proposal
• Objective: Make it possible for developers to collaborate on simulation development
• Approach: Convene technical committee meeting to:– Survey the current technology– Identify simulation needs among riders, mfgs.– Publish standards for interfaces, methods, data formats– Identify emerging technologies and enable their use– Publish a newsletter to disseminate info and progress
reports.
Conclusion
• Technical Committee Meeting– Time? Place?
• That concludes this presentation.
• Questions?
Links1) www.x-plane.com, www.x-plane.org flight sim2) http://vamos.sourceforge.net/about.html – open source
auto sim (links to other similar sims)3) http://www.tokamakphysics.com4) http://www.simradar.com/Cockpit_Building/ - Flight
simulator cockpit building5)
http://www.mathworks.com/products/demos/simulink/Simulink_Key_Features/SL_R14_Key_Features.html Block diagram modeling
6) http://worldwind.arc.nasa.gov/ Global terrain and satellite photo viewer
7) Suggestions?
From CycleVision 2005