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Short Sea Tanker Group Hamburg 3 December
Prest
Prestige possible effects
Seminar on European short sea tanker trade
Terminal vetting
Discrimination of foreign flags
MARPOL Annex II Revisions Council Meeting in Hong Kong
Prestige (Bahamas)
Built 1976, Hitachi Japan for MOC
DWT 81,564
Owner/Manager: Mare Shipping Liberia/Universe Maritime, Greece,
Member INTERTANKO (79)
Cargo: HFO/SG 0.99
Load port , Ventspils, Latvia
Discharge port, Singapore
Damaged 13 December - Sunk 19 December
Prestige – clean record ESP no 5 , ABS, Guangzhou, May
2001 Annual survey Dubai, ABS May 2002
PSC inspection Rotterdam 1 Sept. ’99. 3 def.
ISM certification, BV for July 2001 to 20 June 2006
Inspected St. Petersburgh
Crown Resources,Russia, no vetting
Petrian Shipbrokers sameas for ERIKA
Source: ABS
Departure loading condition (5 Nov 2002)Riga, Latvia
•Still water bending moment is 43% of allowable •Vessel stability in compliance with approved loading manual •CBT mode (clean ballast transit)
Prestige – 13-19 November 200213 November"explosive" sound and shudder at 15.10 hours.started to list in 5 minutes, 26 degrees stb after 15 minutes, waves up to 8 meters 24 crew evacuated 17:00, Captain, Chief Officer and Chief Engineer stayed on board,
19:00 LOF signed 25 miles off the coast 14 November
drifted close to the Spanish coast 06:00-08:00 Coast Guard and inspectors aboard for an assessment of the condition, 12:00 more crew re-joined,two tugs began to tow Prestige away from the coastestimated loss of some 3,000 tonnes of oil
Spanish authorities requested that the engines to be restarted, master concerned about additional stresses
Prestige – 13-19 November 2002 14 November Master asked to be granted a place of refuge the vessel was towed to a requested position some 70 miles off the coastprogressive deterioration of the vessel's condition salvage team reached the vessel by helicopter and engines stopped to reduce stressesestimated loss of some 3,000 tonnes of oil
15 November17:00, the master left the ship, whenthe Salvage Master decided that all personnel should leave the vessel. Prestige taken in tow by salvage tugs away from the Spanish coastline
18 Nov - towed further out to sea
19 Nov - 07:00 broke in two, 160 nm offshore, the two parts sank later in the afternoon at 3,500 m depth
Source: ABS
Source: ABS
ABS, 3 DecNo apparent structural cause has yet been determined
Source: ABS
”The ramifications of extensive structural repair in way of Frame 71 starboard in May 2001 require further evaluation”, ABS
Prestige – issues
Cause of accidentCollision with floating object?
Failing Structure LiabilityPort of RefugeArrest of Capt. Mongouras
The credibility of the industry is at stake again
Capt. Mongouras 32 years experience
Accidental oil spill from tankers tonnes spilt per billion tonne mile
transported
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02
Source: ITOPF/Fearnleys
Accidental oil pollution from tankers in relation to trade
0
300
600
900
1990-95 1996-02
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
60,000
70,000
80,000
000 ts spilt
bn tonne-miles
Source: ITOPF/Fearnleys
Oil spill in the world – mil gallons
0 50 100 150 200 250
Min al Ahmai Terminal, Kuwait*
Oil wells Russia
Ixtoc I well, Mexico
Bahra oil field, Iraq*
Castillo de Bellver South, Africa
Prestige, Spain**
Exxon Valdez, Alaska US
*war accidents, **whole cargo
252 million gallons
The largest is 21,000 million gallons; 700 oil wells in, Kuwait* 1991
Source: CNN
21 million gallons
Tanker incidents Jan-Nov 2002
8%
28% 29%
26% 9%
Collision Groundings
Hull&machinery:19 engine8 hull
Fire&Explosion
Misc.
dwt tankers involved :51 below 10,000 29 10-29,999 dwt25 30-99,999 dwt19 Above 100,000 dwt
Age tankers involved :29 built 1970s or earlier40 built 1980s36 built 1990s13 built 2000s, rest unknown
CNN Prestige survey
11,170
21,483
6,936
0 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000
An inevitable priceof dependency on
oil
Avoidable andinexusable
Bad luck at thehands of Mother
Nature
54%
28%
18%
Tanker structure/corrosion
ESP spring 2001, quality of steel replacement?
Storage with HFO containing
H2S Ballasting to rectify list,
strongly increased bending moment
Increased stresses du to restart of engine
Port of RefugePort of RefugeCould the ship have been
saved and pollution mitigated if the tanker had been taken into sheltered
water?
Phase out above 60,000 dwt
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
200,000
120,000-199,999
80,000-119,999
60,000-79,999
dwt range:122
Number
Phase out 5- 59,999 dwtnumber
183
7745 54
84
32 24 26 32 23 19 22
153
44
60
80 71
61
6039 26 23
22 22 26
43
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
20,000-59,999
5,000-19,999
HFO reported fixtures in Europe*Cargo tonnes
LoadArea
Europa M
ed
SE
Asia
US
Atlantic C
oast
US
Gulf
Mediterraean
UK
Continent
Other trades
Grand T
otal
Mediterraean 160 50 205 27 50 299 791Black Sea 150 478 70 44 1,622 50 438 2,852UK Continent 154 920 933 1,750 518 1,041 382 5,698Baltic 260 610 1,207 43 2,394 793 5,307Other trades 419 0 60 0 818 973 173 2,443Grand Total 883 1,708 1,878 3,001 3,028 4,508 2,085 17,091
* Europe: N Sea, Med, Black Sea, Baltic
HFO charterers
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
VitolUnknownChevron
AdamAlpine
NewtonEnelAgip
WestportBregana
KochBp
ShellHess
T T M IChemoilEl Paso
TotFinElfLia OilCrown
ExxMobRepsol >10 years
10-14 years
15-19 years
20-24 years
25-29 years
<30 years
Number
22 of 121 charterers35%, 53 charterers 1 fixture
Charterer Mil. cargo tsNaftex 4.9Karran 4.2Vitol 3.4Agip 3Alpine 2.6Sibnft 2.5Repsol 1.9Lukoil 1.6Koch 1.5ERG 1.4CTC 1.4Newton 1.2BP 1.2Crown 1.1ChevTex 1.1Laguna 1.1Others 21.3Total 55.4
Largest charterers of dirty oil, January until 21 November 2002Europe/Baltic/Mediterranean and Black Sea
Tankers up to 120,000 dwt built in 1982 and earlier.
Traders with limited vetting dominating chartering of old tankers
Evoikos ’97 28,000 ts S’pore
Nakhodka ’98 13,000 ts Japan
Erika ’99 20,000 ts France
Natuna Sea ’00 7,000 ts Indonesia
Baltic Carrier ’01 2,700 ts Denmark
Prestige ’02 77,500 ts Spain
HFO spills
USD
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 5 20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125 140 155
Fund 92
CLC 92
CLC 92Increase Dec 2003
Prestige
Voluntary
GT
Liability for oil pollution
number
Possible measuresDraft Council Conclusions:
Accelerated phasing out of single hull tankers , CAS from age of 15 years
Not accept SH tankers carrying the heaviest grades of oil…
25% target of Port State Control, EMSA, quality, uniformity inspections
Identify places of refuge for ships in distress
Control of maritime traffic along the coasts
Establishment of a supplementary compensation fund
Response capability strenthened
Modernisation of the tanker fleet takes place at a rapid pace
Possible measuresDraft Council Conclusions:
Ownercondition and operation of ship
Class structure of ship
Charterers type of cargo
selection of ship
Authoritiesport of refuge
clean up
P&Iclaims handling
Who is to responsible and who failed?
Overreaction counter-
productive
A sound industry needs
predictable contitions
INTERTANKO involvement Response to press – some 500 calls Supplying facts/statistics Meetings ABS/EU Commission With ITOPF at the scene in Spain Participate in ABS investigation International versus unilateral regulations,
make class work, against age discrimination, cargo receivers to finance COPE, rational and dispassionat debate,
long term effects of oil spill normally not serious