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Shinyanga Ngitili system:
Natural regeneration and agroforestry options for livelihood improvement and land rehabilitation
Wendelin Mlenge, Aichi Kitalyi and Mathew Mpanda
Drylands Program Design workshop 3rd – 4th March 2011 Nairobi, Kenya
N
BukombeDistrict
Bukundi
Bujika
Kahama
Mwendakulim a
Shinyanga
Manyada
Maswa
Ngulyati
Igaganulwa
Mwamishali
KahamaDistrict
ShinyangaDistrict
MeatuDistrict
BariadiDistrict
Mwamalili
Shinyanga region in North Western Tanzania
Main Characteristics:
• Area: 50,000 sq km• Semi-arid land: 600 – 800 mm rainfall• Human Population: 3.7mil• Farming System: Predominantly agro-
pastoral• Livestock Population: Cattle 2.8 million,
goats 1.3 mi, sheep 0.5, d• Households below poverty line (2007
est): 42%
The problem- LD
High Deforestation rates– 20,000ha/yr (1985), Overgrazing and bush fires
Two decades of interventions• Increased restoration rates from
(2000ha/yr in 1986 to 21,000 ha /yr in 2002)
• 350,000 ha rehabilitated by 2004• Increased ground cover and biodiversity• Increased livelihood options and
income (Monela et al, 2004)• Empowerment of local institutions• Revival of good traditional land
management practices
Natural regeneration in Ngitili system
Apiculture a source of livelihood
Silvi-culture with high yielding cattle
Homestead nursery potential IGA
What worked?
• Political will and enabling policy (PFM)• Community participation• Use of local institutions• Effective partnership (Local – national –
international) – long term funding• Revival of good indigenous NRM
practices• Integrated approaches
What did not work/challenges•Lack of quality data to assess cost-effectiveness •Low investments to support scaling up and out •Low public understanding of land and NRM policies + weak enforcement of existing laws (statutory and local)•Missing links with livestock, soil and water management •Entrepreneurship and marketing of NTFP
OpportunitiesNew investment prospects:•Climate change impact, adaptation and mitigation global and national program (provide data on carbon stocks in Ngitili)•Rapid resource assessment tools for soils and other resources surveillance•Investing in evergreen agriculture initiatives•Kilimo Kwanza initiative (a TZ green revolution concept) – increase of investment in agriculture
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