SESSION 5 – VALUES & GOALS Copyright 2011 Phil Heywood

SESSION 5 – VALUES & GOALS

Copyright 2011 Phil Heywood

Lecture Outline

1. Value Sets in Community Planning

2. Prosperity

3. Liberty

4. Buzz Pairs: Prosperity & Liberty in Practice

5. Social Justice

6. Sustainability

7. Interactions between values

8. Conclusions: mutual support

9. Comments & Questions

1. Value Sets in Community Planning

Progress

Knowledge Energy

Sustenance

Shelter

SelfExpression

SUSTAINABILITYSurvival

Recreation

NurtureHealth

Fraternity

DiversityLIBERTY

Choice Procreation

RestComfort

Equity

Security

PROSPERITY

JUSTICE

Beauty

Reasons for Choice of Values: Survival & Flourishing

1. Prosperity• Enhances survival prospects –skills, products, inventions• Supports “human flourishing”

2. Liberty & Choice• Self Expression• Human Choice• Bills of Rights• Role of Personal Independence in promoting truth, progress & survival

3. Social Justice• Role of equity in promoting personal independence• Basis of stable & sustainable community life

4. Sustainability• Conserves essential resources• Promotes harmony between people, places & times

1. A Vision of Prosperity:David Hockney’s Road across the Wolds

Prosperity:What it Means for Community Planning

ATTRIBUTE CURRENT ROLES

EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Development & transmission of productive skills

Research institutes, universities, vocational education & training (VET), indistyrial incubators &apprenticeships

Global ICT: Silicon Valley, Bangalore, Shenzhen, QUT’s Kelvin Grove Urban Village & Institute for Creative Industries.

Traditional family skills & crafts,Guilds & Apprenticeship systems

Knowledge based industries. Web & Wiki networks. Work Integrated Learning in Universities & Schools.


ATTRIBUTE CURRENT ROLES EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE DIRECTIONS

Innovation & invention

Research & development in communications, materials, transport & pharmaceutical technologies ..

Wired & windowed workshop incubators in Stanford, Calif., Austin, Tex., Cambridge (UK & Mass.)

Inner city industrial “swarms”- from Birmingham’s jewellery quarter to heavy engineering & now down to knowledge industry clusters.

Human capital of “Creative Class” in evolving “Knowledge Nodes”



EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE DDIRECTIONS

Changes in organization and scale of production

New industrial cities of China. Rust belts in old production lines of West & Japan. Miniaturized Global networks

Creative hubs of Shanghai , Shenzhen, Silicon Valley, Seattle, Ruhr etc

19th C development of mills & factories>20th C mass production of “Fordism”> 21st C micro clusters.

Flexible individual production, assembly & global distribution

2. Value of Personal Liberty in Community Planning

• Supports self expression, independence, creativity & therefore productivity

• Forestalls massive mistakes of autocracy - “all power corrupts; absolute power tends to corrupt absolutely” ( Acton, 1904)

19th Century Liberty: Individual Choice

... Man everywhere and at all times, whoever he may be, has preferred to act as he chose and not in the least as his reason and advantage dictated… one’s own free unfettered choice, one’s own caprice, however wild it may be, one’s own fancy worked up, at times to frenzy, is that very most advantageous advantage which we have overlooked, which comes under no classification, and against which all systems and all theories are continually being shattered to atoms”

(Fyodor Dostoevsky, 1871, Notes from the Underground)

A Vision of Liberty: Hockney’s Diver

Songeur’s Dancer

20th Century: Freedom & Responsibility(United Nations, Declaration of Human Rights, 1948)

Article 1:

“All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood”

Liberty: What it Means for Community Planning

ATTRIBUTE CURRENT ROLES EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE

Choice & Independ ence

Voluntary Associations (Oregon & New Zealand) European Commission & Court of Human RightsUK Human Rights ActNon Government Organisations (NGOs) & Fair Trade

Worker Management. Housing Coops.Urban farms“Walking buses”.Recycling Centres. Jabugai Dance TroupeBrisbane’s Creek Catchment Coordinating Committees

Athenian DemocracyBuddha’s spiritual detachmentMedieval May days & festivalsUN Declaration of Human Rights, 1948

Devolution & Decentralization. New roles for co-ops; Community power sharingUN Court of Human Rights & Citizenship



Self expression

Freedom of speech & assembly; art & craft festivals; spray art;Self expression in homes & gardens;Parks activities: Tai Chi & neighbourhood Yoga ;Cultural& ethnic fiestas

City Farms & Gardens Community Ideas & Arts festivalsCreative Nodes of inner cities: music, painting & ICT

Body paint in Terra Amata shelters, 300,000 BPEarly Cave paintingsGreek satires, tragedies & amphitheatres.Sienna’s PalioPisa’s Ponte

Collaborative community planningRelaxation of small scale planning controls.Open source and access networks.



EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE

Contribution to truth & progress

Freedom of speech & public debate. Evidence-based policy & use of planning indicators.Scientific evidence of global warming.European Court of Human Rights. Hague International Court of Justice

Records of human rights abuses on Web and Twitter as they happen.Wikipedia, wikimedia and wikileaks.Human Rights Acts & Bills of Rights in UK,Victoria, Australian Capital Territory & elsewhere

Socrates in Athens.15th C introduction of printing.Scientific discoveries of Copernicus, Gallileo, Newton & birth of modern science

More public awareness of policy issues . Advance planning for climate change & resource conservationof water, energy & raw materials.

BUZZ PAIRS

Pairs in left hand half of class identify and explain a situastion where Community Planning has exerted a significant influence on prosperity, while the right hand half identifies and explains a situation where there have been major impacts on personal liberty

Social Justice as a Community Value

• Basic rights: “Life. Liberty & the pursuit of Happiness” ( US

Declaration of Independence, 1775)

• Right to life implies security and shelter

• Equity and self expression are also criteria of social justice

Social Justice in Practice 1:

Howard’s Garden City & Social City with implied rights to social opportunity, easy access. high wages, no sweating, good environment and social cooperation

Social Justice in Practice 2:Queensland’s Community Renewal Project

(1998-2010) Community Renewal is a Queensland Government initiative, delivered in partnership between State and local governments, business, residents and the community sector to deliver projects that improve people's lives in selected Queensland Communities.

From community centres and youth arts projects to traineeships and family support services, the program brings communities and governments together to find new solutions to local needs in areas of social stress.

Social Justice: What it Means for Community Planning

CURRENT EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE

Equity Australia’s Economic Stimulus $6bill Affordable Housing investment .$26 bill (Commonwealth) National Broadband Network.(Queensland) Blueprint for the Bush for equal infrastructure provision.Free State Schools, Higher Education Commonwealth Funded PlacesMinimum wage rules & unemployment pay.

Housing Trusts , Associations and Companies. Brisbane Housing Company, Regional universities.State support for religious schools. Public transport – busways, metros and active transport networks of foot & cycle paths

Alms houses & Ashrams.Garden Cities & UK’s 1945 New Towns Act.National Health Service in UK &Aust’ s Medicare& Family Benefits

Public support for private and community initiatives.Increasede communty self management in work, play, housing and environmentEqual access to scarce resources of clean air, water & open space.

Stable & Sustainable Communities

Qld’s 18 Community Renewal ProgramsAustralia’s Economic Stimulus PackageEnvironmental Planning Act s & Protection Policies

Govt. Guarantees for Home loans.Physical & Social Infrastructure Plans & Guidelines Planning controls in public arena.

Howard’s Garden Cities; UK 1945 Town & Country Planning Act.Public Participation & Communicative Planning

Community spacesActive Transport.Collaborative planning & management of work, housing & environment.

SEQ Infrastructure Plan & Freight Infrastructure Proposals

Funding Social Justice by promoting stable and sustainable communities

4. Sustainability in Community Planning

1. Promoting survival by conserving resources.

2. Preserving diverse resources, gene pools, species & social models.

3. Avoiding disasters by adopting evidence–based policy

4. Establishing a stable cycle of human use of natural resources

Cycle of Human Use of Natural Resources

* Recycling: water, metals, paper, glass, sewerage, animal waste+ Reclamation: Mining spoil, chemicals. Plastics, concrete, bricks, domestic refuse, derelict land

Transformed Natural

Environment & Matter

Polluted Natural

Environment

Mind, Values & Ideas

Natural Environment & Matter

Energy Sources

Raw Material

sFood

Sources:Atmosphere,

sun, soil, water

TechnologicalTransformatio

n

Natural Ecological Processes

The Closing Circle

Recycling*

Human Use

Bio-hostile Matter

Production Refuse Waste

Reclamation &

Restoration+

Summary:Sustainability in Community PlanningATTRIBUTE CURRENT ROLES EXAMPLES HISTORY FUTURE

Conserve essential resources

Free wheeling consumption & emissions.Privatization of utilities.Natural resource dumps- in air, water & on land.Tentative innovations:+Regional Resource Planning+Water recycling+Pollution controls

Agribusiness. Recovery of USA’s Lake Erie from death by DDT. Buy out of Cubby Cotton Station Water.Establishment of Ocean Reserves such as the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority.

Regional Plans & Urban Growth Boundaries;Transition Towns.

Aboriginal “Poison Lands” & Totemic protection.Medieval Europe’s 3 fields fallowing system.Traditional garden perma culture in Africa & Pacific.Native American custodianship of species: Buffalo, Elk, wolves, etc

Reduced & equalized personal consumption.Human, solar, thermal, tidal & wind energy replacing fossil fuel.Limits to Growth.Mass miniaturization of technologyIncreased sharing- of space, transport, work, play, information & political power.

Summary:Sustainability in Community Planning


Harmony between people, places and times

“Development meeting the needs of the present generation, without compromising the ability of future generations…” (Our Common Future,

(United Nations,1987)

Environmental stewarsdship.Gift relations: Kula circles of Trobriand islands;Living on interest, not natural capital (Hawkin & Lovins, 2000).

Religious reciprocity: Christ & St Francis: “Do as you would be done by”.

Reverence for life of Lao Tze & Buddha.Advocacy of Nature & Romantic Poets:Wordsworth, Kendall; Environmental Conservationists – Carson , Suzuki & Meadows.

7 “R”s:1. Re-use,

2. Recycle

3. Rehabilitate

4. Reclaim

5. Reserve

6. Ration

7. Regulate

7 ‘Rs’ of Sustainability

1. Re-use: batteries, cartridges, clothing2. Recycle: demolition materials for building of homes and roads3. Rehabilitate: subsidence areas and spoil tips for water sports

& ski slopes4. Reclaim : “brownfield” sites for inner city housing and mixed

uses 5. Reserve: Refuge habitats in oceans, wetlands & highlands for

species recovery6. Ration: road space; emission levels; access to central areas7. Regulate: land uses, and settlement boundaries

Sustainability: Conserving Essential Resources

SEQ 2009 Regional Land Use Categories:

Regulate, Reserve & Reclaim

Transition Towns: The 6 Principles of Planning for Transition

1. InformationHelp People access good Information and trust them to make good decisions

2. Inclusion and Openness “Power is shifting from institutions that have always been run top‐down,

hoarding information at the top, telling us how to run our lives, to a new paradigm of power that is democratically distributed and shared by us all”. Trippi, J. (2004) The Revolution Will Not Be Televised.

3. Build Resilience Develop communities’ capacities from local to national, to deal with shock, including resilience in food, economics and energy, not centralising, but making decisions at the most appropriate, practical and empowering levels, reflecting the ability of natural systems to self organise.

Transition Towns:The 6 Principles of Planning for Transition

4. Display the Dazzling Array of Transition Initiatives Celebrate spontaneity &diversity, avoiding being prescriptive, supporting emerging groups.

5. SubsidiaritySelf‐organisation and decision making at the appropriate levelEncouraging devolution of decisions to lowest feasible level

6. Character of Transition Network Ltd “...the key characteristic of a living network is that it continually produces itself.

Autopoiesis, or ‘self‐making’, produces a network in which each component participates in transforming others so that. … the network continually makes itself. Fritjof Capra “The Web of Life”.

Transition Network Ltd.’s support for these initiatives

Established in Totnes in 2006 to:1, Inspire;2, Encourage; 3, Support; 4, Enable Networking; 5. Train .

Transition Towns: July-August 2010 Web Hits

Conclusions: Relations Between the 4 Major Community Planning Values

Inevitably, there is will be some conflict between the demands and implications of these 4 values:

1. Some paths to prosperity may impinge on liberty, justice & sustainability

2. Some interpretations of personal liberty may impact on social justice

3. Some aspects of social justice may limit particular paths to increased productivity

4. Some aspects of sustainability may constrain short term aggregate productivity & prosperity

Conclusions:Positive Interactions

VALUE CONTRIBUTIONS TO ACHIEVEMENT OF OTHER VALUES

Prosperity Liberty Social Justice Sustainability

Prosperity Supports personal independence, self expression and educational advance

Supports personal and mutual esteem and inter-dependence

Supports reflection & sound judgment . Creates capacity for conservation.

Liberty Stimulates individual creativity, inventiveness & exchange

Promotes free criticism & participation; & protects fair shares.

Promotes personal responsibility & self awareness.

Conclusion:Positive Interactions

VALUE CONTRIBUTIONS TO ACHIEVEMENT OF OTHER VALUES

Prosperity Liberty Social Justice Sustainability

Social Justice Generates social capital & capacity to contribute

Safeguards human rights and personal initiative

Constrains conspicuous consumption of common goods for short term profit.

Sustainability Maintains resources of natural capital & promotes long term planning & investment

Protects shared environment & cultural capital

Safeguards fair shares, natural resources and rights of future generations

• Comments

• Additions

• Questions?

Documents

SESSION 5 – VALUES & GOALS Copyright 2011 Phil Heywood