Selective inhibition of Leishmania donovani by active extracts of wild mushrooms used by the tribal population of India: An in vitro exploration for new leads against parasitic protozoans

Suvadip Mallick, Aritri Dutta, Somaditya Dey, Joydip Ghosh, Debarati Mukherjee, Sirin Salma Sultana, Supratim Mandal, Soumitra Paloi, Somanjana Khatua, Krishnendu Acharya, Chiranjib Pal.

Sofía Medina Ana María Parada III Semestre

INTRODUCTION

LEISHMANIASIS

L. DONOVANI

.

MUSHROOMS

EXTRACT

Is a maceration type, in which the liquid solvent is a mixture of ethyl alcohol and water, which dissolved the active substances contained in the raw material. In other words, it is "the power of a raw material" to become a "drug”.

Lab tests Lab

tests

GENERAL OBJECTIVE

MATERIALES Y METODOS

Preparación de

extractos

MATERIALES Y METODOS

MATERIALES Y METODOS

MATERIALES Y METODOS

Reacción antígeno-anticuerpo basada en la identificación del receptor de membrana por medio de fluorocromo.

Para evaluar apoptosis y variabilidad

Diferentes marcadores

MATERIALES Y METODOS

MATERIALES Y METODOS

MATERIALES Y METODOS

ACTIVIDAD ANTI-PROMASTIGOTE

ACTIVIDAD ANTI-PROMASTIGOTE

ACUMULACIÓN DE LÍPIDOS EN PROMASTIGOTES

ACUMULACIÓN DE LÍPIDOS EN PROMASTIGOTES

APOPTOSIS EN PROMASTIGOTES

CONDENSACIÓN DE LA CROMATINA Y

FRAGMENTACIÓN NUCLEAR

TOXICIDAD DE LOS EXTRACTOS ACTIVOS DE

LOS HONGOS

LIBERACION DE IL-12

Author What the author said Yes/No

Ghosh et al IL-12 interacts with NK cells and induces IFN-g specific Th1 cells differentiation, required for disease demolition Yes

Lai et al To emphasize the findings, a novel astrakurkurone molecule with excellent antileihmanial activity against L. donovani promastigotes has alredy been insolated from A. hygrometricus by our group

Yes

Author What the author said Yes/No

Owens In experimental visceral leishmaniasis, splenic conventional DCs are the first cells to produce IL-12 within the splenic microenviroment, and are activated for heightened expression of a variety of costimulatory molecules through both direct interactions with Leishmania parasites and through inflammatory signals

No mentioned

Liew et al Release of nitric oxide is associated with pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-a, wich has been also reportedto enhance the killing of intracellular amastigotes Yes

It´s important to not underestimate the beliefs or rituals of tribes because as we saw in this study, it is in the beliefs and rituals that we can start to develop new cures to diseases whos current treatment is not accesible to everyone

This study proved the influence of mushrooms extract on the metabolism of lipids and the induction of apoptosis. This can help us in finding or producing new drugs with similar mechanism in order to efectively attack the parasite.

As science has evolved, the importance of the relationship and integration between medicine, technology and natural resources has become more evident.

It´s risky to affirm that the addition of mushroom extracts does not produce negative effects on the organism because the difference in the percentage of control and treated cellular death is not significant.

Ana María Parada P

Sofía Medina