Semi Hypothetical Case City Archetypes -The ScorePP approach to evaluating Emission Control...
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Semi Hypothetical Case City Archetypes -The ScorePP approach to evaluating Emission Control Strategies (1 st preliminary version of D9.6) By multiple colleagues
Semi Hypothetical Case City Archetypes -The ScorePP approach to
evaluating Emission Control Strategies (1 st preliminary version of
D9.6) By multiple colleagues from DTU, MU and UGent 1 Department of
Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark
2 Urban Pollution Research Centre, Middlesex University, United
Kingdom. 3 Environmental Monitoring, City of Stockholm, Sweden
Slide 2
Content 1. Introduction 2. The ScorePP focus and approach 3.
Lack of data 4. Emission Control Strategies 5. Case Cities and Semi
Hypothetical Case City Archetypes 6. Examples of preliminary
results
Slide 3
The ScorePP approach Limiting release through: - Substitution -
Minimising release from products - Legislation and regulations -
Voluntary use reductions O D+T T Example: Combined system: D+TT +T
Treatment options: - Stormwater BMPs - Household treatment &
reuse of WW - On-site industrial treatment - WWTPs - Sludge
disposal Sinks: - Primary: Surface water (WFD) - Secondary:
Sediments, soils, groundwater, vegetation, air, humans,... R+T
T
Slide 4
Limiting release and emissions Pre-Application Control:
Voluntary and regulatory initiatives, legislation, preventative
measures, phasing out, substitutions etc Pre-Environmental Release
Treatment: municipal and industrial WWTPs and greywater as well as
combined sewer overflows treatment etc Post-Environmental Release
Control and Treatment: structural and non- structural stormwater
best management practices, management of sinks etc
Slide 5
WP2: Analysis of case cities 2.1 Baseline studies in case
cities 2.2 Identification of PPs for further work in case cities
2.3 Improved monitoring in case cities (presented yesterday) 2.4
Identification of appropriate emission control strategies in case
cities 2.5 Substance flow analysis for selected PPs in case cities
2.6 Evaluation of identified emission control strategies
Slide 6
CITY OF STOCKHOLM Cadmium loads (kg/year) in case city A and
B
Slide 7
WP2: Analysis of case cities 2.1 Baseline studies in case
cities 2.2 Identification of PPs for further work in case cities
2.3 Improved monitoring in case cities (presented yesterday) 2.4
Identification of appropriate emission control strategies in case
cities 2.5 Substance flow analysis for selected PPs in case cities
2.6 Evaluation of identified emission control strategies There is a
huge lack of data Thus, we also work on a more general level, with
semi- hypothetical case city archetypes...
Slide 8
BatteriesPaintsPlastics Cadmium WATER Direct WATER Indirect
(sewers) Urban Run-off (sep. stormw.) BenzeneDEHP From: C.
Viavattene, Middlesex University
Slide 9
Emission Control Strategies (ECS) Emission control strategies
are combination of individual options(source control barriers or
treatment units) The ScorePP ECSs: 1: Baseline 2: Implementation of
relevant EU directives 3: 2 + Household voluntary initiatives and
on-site treatment 4: 2 + Industrial Best Available Technologies 5:
2 + Post-Environmental Release Control and Treatment (stormwater
and CSO) 6: 2 + Advanced end-of-pipe treatment
Slide 10
Emission Control Strategies (ECS) ECS1: Baseline (no treatment
at all; only consisting of unlimited release based on the ES
concept) ECS2: Implementation of relevant EU directives; UWWT,
sewage sludge and IPPC Directives etc. ECS3: ECS2 + Household
voluntary initiatives and on-site treatment, for example greywater
treatment, household recycling of batteries, etc. ECS4: ECS2 +
Industrial BAT and beyond. Generic BAT is also applied to
small-scale industries (facilities) in this case, such as
barbershops or paint retailers that are not specifically covered
elsewhere by chemical regulations. Technologies beyond current BAT
that are implemented for large-scale production plants are also
covered by this ECS.
Slide 11
Emission Control Strategies (ECS) ECS1: Baseline (no treatment
at all; only consisting of unlimited release based on the ES
concept) ECS2: Implementation of relevant EU directives; UWWT,
sewage sludge and IPPC Directives etc. ECS 5: ECS2 +
Post-Environmental Release Control and Treatment (stormwater, CSOs
and old contaminated sinks). Here, stormwater treatment, street
sweeping, mitigation and treatment of CSOs as well as cleanup of
historical contamination (e.g., dredging of harbour sediment) is
all included. ECS 6: ECS2 + Advanced end-of-pipe treatment. The
UWWT (91/271/EEC) calls for secondary treatment of urban
wastewater, here tertiary treatment and advanced oxidation
processes are explored.
Slide 12
Three kinds of case cities ScorePP case cities Case cities in
other European projects Semi-hypothetical case city archetypes
Slide 13
ScorePP case cities Prague (Czech republic) Stockholm (Sweden)
Saint Malo (France) San Sebastian (Spain) Quebec (Canada) Vastly
different with respect to climate, industry, treatment technologies
and environmental awareness. + Real-life monitoring, existing
industries and release patterns etc - Limited by missing or
confidential information
Slide 14
Case cities in other European projects Review of European water
related projects (1998-2008) 87 reviewed, 31 contacted and 17
replies Primary selection criteria: Geographical location Good
contacts Secondary selection criteria: City characteristics;
Climate End-users Management & governance
Technique/structure
Slide 15
Semi-hypothetical case city archetypes Semi-hypothetical case
cities are defined Designed to represent different geographical and
urban systems All data needed for further work (modelling,
visualisation, multi-criteria analysis, evaluation of emission
control strategies) is by definition available, because we
construct it !
Slide 16
Emission Control Strategies for semi-hypothetical case city
archetypes Emission control strategies Trends and prospects case
city 2025 Urban system Economical Social Stakeholder involvement
Technical Urbanisation (% impermeable surfaces, housing density
etc) Industrialisation (%: heavy & light industry, white-collar
business, agriculture etc) Logistics (types and amounts of
transport) Government, legislature Non-governmental organisations,
voluntary initiatives Resources (raw materials, refinement)
Economics: GNP, Gini coefficient Social: Human Development Index
(HDI) Public/private waterworks and wastewater treatment plants
Geographical system Climate Environmental Size (area, population,
density) Climate (inland/coastal; southern/northern) Water
resources (groundwater, surface water, desalination) Geographical
system Urban system Emission control strategies
Slide 17
SHCCAs and ECSs Two SHCCAs defined, a Eastern Europe Inland
(EI) and a Nordic Europe Coastal (NC) EI 1.2 M inhabitants GDP per
head: 40 000 EUR EPER-level A: 70 50% combined sewers NC 0.51 M
inhabitants GDP per head: 80 000 EUR EPER-level A: 30 90% combined
sewers Both Secondary treatment
Slide 18
SFAs and ECS evaluations in ScorePP PPCace city A and B
EINCIUWS Model B[a]PXXX (EI) CdXXX DEHPXXX (NC) DiuronXX HCBXX
HgXXX NiX NPsXX PBDEXX C10-C13XX
Conclusions The examples shown here are preliminary, i.e. the
actual numbers and the way to present them may change over the next
months The overall aim is to synthesize as much information from
the project as possible, in task 9.6 and 9.7 Emission Control
Strategies are combinations of individual Emission Control Options
Semi-Hypothetical Case City Archetypes are defined to allow
generalisation and avoid problems with lacking data We have defined
a range of standardised ECS (#1-#6) that we will evaluate for
selected SHCCAs, as well as for the case cities This, remaining
part of the work will focus on a selection of PPs as shown
previously
Slide 25
Source Control Options for Reducing Emission of Priority
Pollutants from Urban Areas Thanks to colleagues from DTU
Environment: H.-C. Holten Ltzhft, E. Eriksson, L. Vezzaro, H.
Birch, A. Ledin to many other colleagues from: Middlesex
University, UK Gent University, Belgium Anjou Recherge, France
ENVICAT Consulting, Belgium University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
ESTUDIS, Spain Environmental Monitoring, Stockholm City, Sweden
modelEAU, Canada and to the European Commission: Project
Coordinator: Peter Steen Mikkelsen DTU Environment, Dept. of
Environ. Engineering Technical University of Denmark [email protected]
www.scorepp.eu
Slide 26
Project plan WP Mth Resp. 1-1213-2425-42 WP1: User requirement
analysis and dissemination to end-users DTU WP2: Analysis of case
studiesAR WP3: Source characterisation of priority pollutantsDTU
WP4: Limiting release of priority pollutantsENVICAT WP5: Treatment
optionsMU WP6: GIS-based identification of emission control
measures UL WP7: Models and monitoring strategiesUGent WP8:
Socio-economic analysis of source control measures ESTUDIS WP9:
Integration of knowledge and comparison of emission control
strategies DTU WP10: Project management and coordinationDTU
Establishing technical-scientific facts GIS, models, monitoring
Socio-economic and integrated analyses Case studies Advisory board,
PPRIS Now!
