97-1
Personality PsychologyPersonality PsychologyPersonality
PsychologyPersonality Psychology
Chapter 5
A PHENOMENOLOGICAL THEORY
Carl Rogerss Carl Rogerss Carl Rogerss Carl Rogerss
PersonPerson--Centered Theory of PersonalityCentered Theory of
Personality
Chapter Focus
self
ideal self
Behavior
Originally, this theory was not one of personality, but
rather
of psychotherapypsychotherapy and the process of changethe
process of change
ideal self
self-actualization
Seek forcongruence
Person Situation
Clinical
understand the total person
his experiences as a therapist
phenomenal world
subjective experience
inherent potential for growth
PhenomenologicalPhenomenological Humanistic
Rogers Theory of Rogers Theory of
PersonalityPersonality
Carl R. Rogers
A View of the Theorist(1)
Agriculture
Seminary
The bitter mutual hatreds of French and German people
Respect for methods of science
Doubts about specific religious doctrines
Concerned about life
Life Event and Training Theory Construction
French and German people
Child guidance
The dynamic views of Freud
The "rigorous, scientific, objective, statistical" views
Concerned about life meaning for individuals
As a Clinical Psychologist
Later in life, attempted to bring these trends into harmony
Carl R. Rogers
A View of the Theorist(2)
Early life reveals two main trends reflected in his later
work
Concern with moral and ethical matters Concern with moral and
ethical matters
Respect for the methods of science
Rogerss View of the Person
The Subjectivity of Experience
Phenomenal Field
Space of perceptions that makes up our experience
A subjective construction
Feeling of Authenticity Feeling of Authenticity conscious
experiences and goals are consistent with the inner,
viscerally-felt values
The Positivity of Human Motivation when we are functioning
freely, we are able to move toward our
potentials as positive, mature beings
Freud: sexual and aggressive instincts
Some religions: Basically Sinful
Rogerss View of the Person
A Phenomenological Perspective
A phenomenological approach
To investigates peoples conscious experiences
Could be applied to psychology or other disciplines
Precursor to psychologists use of the term Precursor to
psychologists use of the term
18th-century philosopher Kant
The noumenal world
Objects as they existed in and of themselves, independent of
the observer
The world of phenomena
The world of conscious experiences
Rogerss View of
the Science of Personality(1)
Hermeneutics and the Human Sciences
Hermeneutics
By German philosopher Wilhelm Dilthey
Doubt that the principles of natural sciences could be
extended to human psychologyhuman psychologyextended to human
psychologyhuman psychology
Natural Natural
ScienceScience
Human Human
ScienceScience
Meaning Meaning InterpretationInterpretation
With Different With Different
PrinciplesPrinciples
CauseCause--Effect Effect LawLaw
Rogerss View of
the Science of Personality(2)
Hermeneutic Approach
Subjective meaning of
experiences
Social and historical context
Evaluate the ethical & moral
Scientific Method
Test hypotheses in a rigorous way
Psychology could eventually establish Evaluate the ethical &
moral
goodness of actions
eventually establish itself as a lawful science
attempted to bridge the gapbetween human and scientific
sides of personality
