Section B 1 5 UNIT Shaping young lives with sports To master the reading skill To understand the text To practice the phrases and patterns To learn about

Section B

1

5UNIT

Shaping young lives with sports


To master the reading skill

To understand the text

To practice the phrases and patterns

To learn about report writing

Objectives

Winning is not everything

Warming-up

Reading skills

Text study

Comparative study

Contents

Unit project

Section B Shaping young l ives with sports

Warming-up

Lead-in

Background information


1. According to the video clip, what benefits can sports bring to young people?

Watch a video clip and answer the following questions

Video Watching

Tips

Tips

2. Can you think of more positive effects of sports?

3. In spite of the positive effects, are there any negative effects of sports? What are they?

Tips

Back


In the video, sports give youngsters, who had once made mistake in their life, a second chance to pull themselves together.

Tips

The youngsters learn how to cooperate with each other and how to handle disappointment. After dealing with all kinds of difficulties, they learn the crucial concept of teamwork, which help them improve themselves and regain self-esteem.



To be continued

Tips

During tough training, they change their negative attitude to positive one. As a result, they are not like the prisoners at all but like the soldiers who always listen to the order and obey the rules. Finally, they totally change into another person.



• It stimulates the flow of our blood;

• It builds up the speed with which our brains react to things around;

• It improves our health conditions;

• It helps foster our ambition for greater success.

2. Can you think of more positive effects of sports?


The positive effects of sports include the following:

Tips

1. Too much exercise can be harmful to physical health.; 2. Irregular practice may cause muscle soreness or lack

of nutrition; 3. The excessive pressure of wining in sports will cause

mental problem; 4. Some sports will hurt one’s body and make him/her

badly injured.

3. In spite of the positive effects, are there any negative effects of sports? What are they?


Tips

The negative effects of sports include the following:

1. Why do sports play a very important role in American culture?

2. What kind of sports do American students play in public or private school?

3. According to your understanding, what kind of sports do American like most?

Tips

Tips

Tips


1. Why do sports play a very important role in American culture?

The United States has long been an athletic nation.

Competition gets to the very heart of American

values and illustrates the concept that if you work

hard you will be rewarded.


Tips

2. What kind of sports do American students play in public or private school?

In American public and private schools, sports are included into the curriculum ranging from gym class to team sports, such as baseball, softball ( 垒球 ), basketball, football, soccer, swimming, hockey ( 冰球 ), field hockey ( 曲棍球 ), volleyball, tennis, track, golf, gymnastics, wrestling, cheerleading, etc. Matches between schools are common. A local high school football or basketball game often represents the biggest event of the week for residents in many communities.


Tips

3. According to your understanding, what kind of sports do American like most?

Football;

Basketball;

Baseball.


Tips

Reading skills

Presentation of the skill

Reading skill practice


As a useful reading skill, skimming is very

common in our daily life. To skim is to get a

general idea about an article or a book.

Skimming is different from careful reading.

When skimming, you keep your eyes moving

down over the content of your reading

material by only reading those things that

can help you get a general picture of it.


Skimming

Skimming


The following steps will help you get started:

• Read the title of an article.

• Read the first paragraph completely.

• Read subheadings and first sentences of every paragraph.

• If the final paragraph appears to be a summary, read it completely.

Skimming


• Glance over the body of the article, looking for the following:

Clue words about who, what, when, where, how many, how much.

Transition words such as furthermore, also, however, on the contrary.

Words as furthermore and also suggest adding additional information to the preceding thought.

For example, after glance at Text A, you get to know the first sentence of Paragraph 2 tells you when the race was held (in 1983) and who Cliff Young is (a toothless 61-year-old farmer and amateur runner). The first sentence of Paragraph 7 tells you how Cliff did when the marathon started. The first sentence of Paragraph 8 tells you what Cliff intended to do in the race and the first sentence of Paragraph 9 tells you when he overtook other athletes.


Skimming

Skimming

Reading skill practice

• What is the text mainly about?• What benefits can sports bring

to young people?

• May participation in competitive team sports do harm to young people?

Questions

Answer the following questions about Text B by using the reading skill of skimming.

Text study

Text comprehension

Language focus

Critical thinking


Text comprehension

1. What is the text mainly about?2. What attributes can team sports provide to growing

children? (Para. 2)3. What does the author want to illustrate by

mentioning lemons and honey? (Para. 3)4. How can talented people benefit from team sports?

(Para. 4)5. What will those who lack talent learn through

sports? (Para. 5) 6. What could be the consequences when too much

emphasis is put on winning according to the text? (Para. 6)

Questions Previewing

1. Skim the whole passage and tell what the text is mainly about?

This article is mainly about the benefits that sports can bring to young people.

Some contents are more useful in Section B:

(Para. 1) “A healthy mind is to be found in a healthy body.”(Para. 2) More than … young people learn critical skills that

will serve them well in their adult lives. (Para. 3) Nevertheless, many lessons remain abstract

concepts until they are made real by life experiences.

Tips

Text comprehension

Note

1. Skim the whole passage and tell what the text is mainly about?

This article is mainly about the benefits that sports can bring to young people.

Some contents are more useful in Section B:

(Para. 4) Naturally, those who are inherently talented will spend more time on the field and will achieve fame. (Para. 5) Sports can inspire and encourage the less naturally talented athletes to be their best. (Para. 7)Sports teach much more than what is easily seen on the surface.

Tips

Text comprehension

Note

2. What attributes can team sports provide to growing

children? (Para. 2)

Team sports can bring about attributes such

as inspiration and physical stimulation.

Tips

Text comprehension

原句：The ability to work toward a common goal underlines the value of teamwork. (Para. 2, L3)

解释 : The ability to work toward the same goal shows how important the value of teamwork is.译文：年轻人为了一个共同目标而努力的能力更加

凸显了团队合作的价值。

Text comprehensionSentence Interpretation

show that sth. is important

3. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning lemons and honey? (Para. 3)

By mentioning lemons and honey, the author wants to illustrate that in order to get to know the real meaning of something, you have to experience it.

Tips

Text comprehension

原句：Nevertheless, many lessons remain abstract concepts until they are made real by life experiences. (Para. 3, L2)

解释 : However, if those lessons are not followed in real life, they will be just ideas which have not much practical value.

译文：然而只有在生活中真正经历之后，许多经验

教训才不再是抽象的概念。


4. How can talented people benefit from team sports? (Para. 4)

Tips

Text comprehension

By taking part in team sports, talented people have the chance to develop leadership skills and earn the respect of their team members.

5. What will those who lack talent learn through sports?(Para. 5)

Through sports, those who lack talent will learn the value of individual hard work, the value of cooperation and teamwork, and the fundamental importance of planning and preparation for the positive outcome of their ambitions.

Tips

Text comprehension

原句：What is missing in natural talent can be overcome through hard work, practice and learning from the example of others. (Para. 5, L2)解释 : One can make up for the lack of natural talent through hard work, practice and learning from others.译文：一个人天分不足可以通过努力奋斗、训练和向其他榜样学习来弥补。


be successfully controlled

6. What could be the consequences when too much emphasis is put on winning according to the text? (Para. 6)

When too much emphasis is put on winning,

children may suffer psychological harm, and may

miss the learning opportunities sports can offer.

Tips

Text comprehension

译文：在这样的环境中，体育运动就会暴露出负面的、令人身心疲惫的和有害的后果，从而也就抵消了体育运动带来的诸多益处。

Text comprehension Sentence Interpretation

原句：In such circumstances, the sports experience uncovers negative, draining and harmful consequences, canceling out the many desirable effects of sports. (Para. 6, L9)

解释 : In such situations, the negative aspect of the sports experience shows up: It requires too much time and energy and might lead to harmful results. Such negative aspect of sports makes the sports experience lose many good effects.

stop sth. from having any effect

Young people benefits a lot from playing sports. Growing children learn ________ skills through sports that will serve them well in their adult lives. Through sports, they learn the valuable lessons of being ________ in victory and ___________ in defeat. Youngsters grasp the ________ concepts such as strategy, __________, and cooperation by playing sports. Those inherently talented develop their leadership skills and ___________________ their team members, while those naturally less talented can be inspired and encouraged to be ____________ _ while playing sports.

critical

humble generous crucial

teamwork

Text comprehension Text Summary

earn the respect of

at their best


All in all, sports teach youngsters much more than what is easily seen _____________. It does not only help them keep their body _________, but also give them a sense of __________ and accomplishment. It helps them learn the ________________, and how to coexist with others, which ________________ their future success. However, despite the positive effects, participation in competitive team sports is ___________ hazards. By placing excessive emphasis on winning, the sports experience may __________ many desirable effects, which may make one feel extremely pressured.

in shape self-worth

ways of the world

Text comprehensionText Summary

paves the way for

not without

cancel out

on the surface

Practical PhrasesLanguage focus

Practical Phrases Meanings1. at one’s best 有最佳的表现2. early on 在初期；开始不久 3. blame sb. for sth. 责怪；指责；把……归咎于4. place emphasis on sth. 重视5. cancel out 抵消6. on the surface 表面上；从外表看；乍一看7. in shape 健康状况良好8. pave the way for sth. 为某事物铺平道路；为某事

物创造条件

有最佳的表现

(inspire / at one’s best)

A teacher needs to know how to inspire students to be

at their best.

at one’s best短语逆译

短语应用老师需要知道如何激励学生，使其发挥最大的潜能。

意群提示

Language focus Practical Phrases

（关系、过程等）在初期；开始不久 early on短语逆译

(early on) I knew quite early on that English is one of the most

important courses in the university.

短语应用我很早就知道英语是大学里最重要的课程之一。

意群提示


责怪；指责；把……归咎于

(blame sb. for sth. / misleading)

Some blamed the media for misleading the public in diet.

blame sb. for sth.短语逆译

短语应用一些人责怪媒体在饮食上误导大众。

意群提示


重视

(point out/ place emphasis on)

Some educators point out that today many parents place too much emphasis on their kids’ exam result.

place emphasis on sth.短语逆译

短语应用一些教育家指出如今许多父母过于强调孩子考试分数的重要性了。意群提示


抵消

(losses/gains/cancel out)

This company’s losses have canceled out its gains.

cancel out短语逆译

短语应用这家公司的损失抵销了其收入。

意群提示


从外表看

(on the surface/stock market/ indexes on the rise)

On the surface, the stock market looked pretty good, with indexes on the rise.

on the surface短语逆译

短语应用

从表面上看，股市行情很好，各大股指纷纷上扬。

意群提示


健康状况良好

(hiking/in shape)

My uncle believes that hiking is a good way to keep in shape.

in shape短语逆译

短语应用

我叔叔相信徒步旅行是保持健康的好方法。

意群提示


为某事物铺平道路

(detailed exploration /the way for)

Scientists hope that the data will pave the way for a more detailed exploration of Mars.

pave the way for sth.

短语逆译

短语应用

科学家希望这些数据将为更深入地探索火星铺平道路。

意群提示


Language focus

Functional Patterns Functions & Usages

1. There is no greater responsibility / joy / than doing sth. …

“ 做某事时某人最大的责任 / 快乐等”，否定的比较级结构表达最高级意义。

2. … not without … “ 双重否定形式，表达肯定的意思”。

3. Sth. does much more than… “ 某事远比表面上多 / 好；不只是 ······” ，用于表达“ 做某事远不止是······” 。

Functional Patterns

句型提炼

对家长﹑老师和教练而言，最大的责任莫过于让我们的年轻人保持身心健康。

原句译文

逆译练习For parents, teachers, and coaches, there is no greater responsibility than sustaining the mental and physical health of our young people. (Para. 1, L2）

Language focusFunctional Patterns

句型应用

There has been no greater joy/sorrow/pride/shame/regret than doing sth.

句型提炼

应用提示用于表达“做某事时某人最大的快乐 /痛苦 /骄傲 /耻辱 /遗憾等” , 否定的比较级结构表达最高级的意义。


(love for his hometown/ cultural consciousness/ Nobel Prize in Literature) Mo Yan expresses his love for his hometown and his cultural consciousness through his work. There has been no greater pride than watching him receive Nobel Prize in Literature.

典型例句莫言的作品表现了他的家乡情结和文化意识。没有什么比看到他获得诺贝尔文学奖更令人骄傲的。意群提示


句型提炼

当然，参加竞技团队体育运动也并非没有危害。

原句译文

逆译练习Of course, participation in competitive team sports is not without hazards. (Para. 6, L1)

Language focusFunctional patterns

句型应用

… not without…

句型提炼

应用提示用于“双重否定形式，表达肯定的意思”。


(start a new life abroad/ obstacles)

Life in the foreign country may be fresh, but starting a new life abroad is not without obstacles.

典型例句国外的生活也许很新鲜，但是要在国外开始新生活不会是一帆风顺的。

意群提示


句型提炼

体育运动教给我们的远比表面上看起来的多得多。

原句译文

逆译练习Sports teach much more than what is easily seen on the surface. (Para. 7, L1）


句型应用

Sth. does much more than…

句型提炼

应用提示用于表达“做某事远不止是……”。


(keep young bodies in shape/ growing at healthy rates )

Sports does much more than just keep young bodies in shape and growing at healthy rates. It has many unexpected functions.

典型例句运动不只能使年轻人保持健康的体魄、健康成长，它还有许多意想不到的功能。意群提示


1. 保持身心健康 sustain the mental and physical health

2. 学习重要技能和至关重要的概念

learn critical skills and crucial concept

3. 成名 to achieve fame

4. 赢得某人的尊重 to earn the respect of sb.

5. 白白得到好处 free ride

6. 对…表示相当大的忧虑

to express considerable concern about…

7. 失去机会 miss opportunity

8. 自我价值感和成就感 a sense of self-worth and accomplishment

9. 了解世界的方方面面 learn the ways of the world

10. 如何与他人相处 how to coexist with others

Language focus Collocations

成长中的孩子需要精神激励和身体刺

激。团队体育运动是提供这些特质的极好途径。

a. Growing children need

inspiration and

physical

stimulation. Team sports are

a great way to provide these

attributes!

Language focusLanguage Appreciation

胜不骄、败不馁强调了在所有人际交往中保持风度是彼此的义务。

b. Being both humble in

victory and generous in defeat

emphasizes the

mutual

obligation of graceful manners

in all human interactions.


对于在身边大人的压

力下被迫去赢的孩子们来说，这样的观念

会很苛刻的。

c. Such an outlook can be

harsh on children when they

feel pressured to win from the

adults around them.


运动能给年轻人带来自我价值感和成就感，并

教会他们很好地对待胜败输赢。

d. Sports give youth a

sense of self-worth and

accomplishment and teach

them to deal capably with

failure and success.

Language focusLanguage appreciation

Further Discussion

1. Have you ever played in any competitive team sports? How did you handle the pressure?

2. How do you think you can benefit from playing sports?

3. How do you think we should handle victory and defeat in sports games?

Critical thinking

Tips

Tips

Tips

Yes, I have played in competitive sports. I was on the

class volleyball team in high school. Every year we

competed at the school sports meeting. I usually felt

stressed out a few days before the game. I would calm

myself down by closing my eyes and taking deep

breaths, or by practicing meditation or yoga. Besides, I

would keep telling myself that my team had practiced a

lot, we cooperated well, and we were ready.

Further DiscussionCritical thinking

Tips

1. Have you ever played in any competitive team sports? How did you handle the pressure?

Improve health, fitness and overall well-being; Enjoy college life more; Develop self-discipline, learn to set goals and

work hard to achieve the goals; Have a positive physical appearance and

higher self-esteem; Learn how to act gracefully in face of failure.

Critical thinking

Tips

2. How do you think you can benefit from playing sports?

Further Discussion

We should be humble in victory and gracious in

defeat. If you win, be humble. Don’t boast about your

talents or skills. Don’t play down your opponents. But if

you lose, be gracious. Don’t complain that the judge

wasn’t fair, or your teammates didn’t play well, or your

opponents were just lucky. Say “Congratulations!” to

your opponents, and shake hands with them. Also

thank your teammates for their efforts.

Critical thinking

3. How do you think we should handle victory and defeat in sports games?

Further discussion

Tips

Talk about Chinese

physical activity: Kung fu

Critical thinking

Further discussion

1. How much do you know about traditional Chinese

Kung fu? Share your knowledge in class.

2. Have you ever watched any “Kong fu movies”

made by Westerners? According to your

understanding, what is Kung fu in their eyes? Do

they have the same feeling toward Kung fu as we

Chinese?

Critical thinking

Tips

Tips

Further discussion

Critical thinking

1. How much do you know about traditional Chinese Kung fu? Share your knowledge in class.

Further discussion

Tips

Kung fu, also known as Wu shu or martial arts, is one of the most well known examples of traditional Chinese culture. It is the earliest and longest lasting sports which utilize both brawn and brain. The theory of kung fu is based upon classical Chinese philosophy. When playing kung fu, people do not only exercise their bones and skin but also train their spirit, their Qi (气 ), and their mind. Today the popularity of Chinese kung fu, including Taiji (太极 ), Qigong (气功 ), etc., is not limited to China but has become a worldwide phenomenon.

2. Have you ever watched any “kong fu movies” made by Westerners? According to your understanding, what is kung fu in their eyes? Do they have the same feeling toward kung fu as our Chinese?

Critical thinking

Tips

Further Discussion

Yes, I have watched many “kong fu movies” made by Westerners, such as The Forbidden Kingdom ( 功夫之王 ) . It seems that Westerners love kong fu as much as Chinese. They regard kung fu as a mysterious oriental physical activity with profound meaning. Kung fu is considered as a unique combination of exercise, practical self-defense, self-discipline and art with a long history.

Thematic study

Comparative study

Thematic study

Language features analysis


2. What did you learn from this unit? Have you decided to make a plan for your future body exercise? Explain it in class.

Thematic study

1. Compare the Olympic spirit that you have learned from Text A and Text B.

Tips

Tips

1. Compare the Olympic spirit that you have learned from Text A and Text B.

Olympic spirit in Text A1. Do sports with determination

and endurance;2. Win for devotion not for

wealth;3. Keep going and remain

humble in victory;4. Never say you are too old to

play sports;5. Where there’s a will, there’s a

way!

Olympic spirit in Text B1. A healthy mind is to be found

in a healthy body;2. Be both humble in victory and

generous in defeat; 3. Strategy, teamwork and

cooperation are more crucial;4. Learn the value of cooperation

and teamwork;5. Winning isn’t everything, it is

only a thing.

Thematic study

After learning this unit, I know the importance of playing sports. My Fitness Plan goes like this:

Wake up at 6:00 every day and then run around community until 7:00.

Do body exercises, such as push-ups, sit-ups, and some other outdoor activities every evening around 7:00.

Tips

Thematic study

2. What did you learn from this unit? Have you decided to make a plan for your future body exercise? Explain it in class.

Based on your study of the two texts, compare the writing styles of the two texts in terms of their typical language features.


1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?

2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.


Tips

Tips

Text A is a narration. There are some well-written introductory paragraphs in this passage which start with ideas or situations that form contrast with the one you will have.

Text B is an argumentation. The common strategy the writer uses is to acknowledge differing viewpoints, which helps win an argument over readers who hold different opinions.

1. What are the typical language features of the two texts?


Tips

2. List more examples from the text to support your ideas.


Tips Text A good introduction paragraphs:1. Considered one of the toughest marathon events

in the world… The contest takes up to seven days to complete and is a challenging test of fitness and strength even for world-class athletes… (Para.1)

2. Soon, the marathon started and the young athletes left Cliff far behind… Many people said and even more people thought: “Surely, someone should stop this insane old man before he really harms himself!” (Para. 7)

Unit project

Mottos interpretation

Debate

Report writing


Find some mottos related to

sports after class. Then

introduce your mottos to your

classmates.


C-E Translation

生命在于运动。

Life lies in

movement.


C-E Translation


运动是生命的源泉。

Sport is

the source

of all life.

C-E Translation


活动是生活的基础。 —歌德

Activity is

the basis

of life.

人的健康不但靠饮食，尤靠运动。 —蔡元培

People’s sound, not only by foods, especially to rely on motion.


C-E Translation

体育教育和知识教育之间必须保持平衡。体育应造就体格健壮的勇士，并且使健全的精神寓于健全的体格。 —柏拉图

Physical and knowledge education must maintain a balance between. Sports should make vigorous, mighty men of valor, and make a sound mind in a sound frame.


C-E Translation

Conducting a debate on the size of

Olympic Games

In recent decades, the size of the Olympic Games has been increasing quickly. New sports events are constantly added to the Games. Some people say this is a good thing while some others argue that the size should be reduced rather than increased. What’s your opinion on this?

Debate

Think about:

Write a report : Study on the Olympic Games

You may include the following points:

• The general introduction of Olympic Games

• The opening ceremony of Olympic Games

• The custom of Olympic Games

• The Olympic spirit and oath

Report writing

You may use the following expressions in your writing.

Report writing

to compete for the highest honors;

to parade and march round …;

to march out of …;

to take the Olympic oath on behalf of…;

to put on a display;

The purpose of the Olympic Games is not to … but to.

The End


Documents

Section B 1 5 UNIT Shaping young lives with sports To master the reading skill To understand the text To practice the phrases and patterns To learn about