Sanjay Kumar Banga

Head –Power System control & Automation

North Delhi Power Limited, INDIA

Presentation Structure Presentation Structure

• About NDPL

• NDPL- SCADA system , Application and

interfaces

• Future grids , integration issues and challenges

• Conclusion

• About NDPL

• NDPL- SCADA system , Application and

interfaces

• Future grids , integration issues and challenges

• Conclusion

2

3

NDPL - Geographic DescriptionNDPL - Geographic Description

NDPLNDPL

BSES BSES

RajdhaniRajdhani

BSES BSES

YamunaYamuna

NDMCNDMCMESMES

Joint Venture of TATA Group with Delhi Govt.Joint Venture of TATA Group with Delhi Govt.

51:4951:49%%

Initial Challenges in July 2002Initial Challenges in July 2002Initial Challenges in July 2002

Change Management -

Working environment of offices & work

culture, a key area of concern

Dilapidated Distribution Network – the

supply system on the verge of collapse- an average consumer faced 110

hours of supply interruption in a year.

Grievances on Revenue Cycle issues had crumbled without extra-ordinary interventions

� New connections pending

� Pending - 100000 complaints in files� more than 50% consumer records out of the total base of 7.43 lakhs received had some form of errors.

….. the challenges on take over were huge but consumer patience very little

INITIATIVES had to be taken that would deliver results quickly.

NDPL Profile:NDPL Profile:

5

As on date

Rs. 2,759 Cr (FY 0910)

1,313 MW (Jul’10)

6,911 MU

1.21 Million

3,950

510 Sq Kms

4.8 Million

1,439

2,372

0.57

08% / 06%

As on Jul’2002

Rs. 1,095 Cr

850 MW

5,237 MU

0.8 Million

5,400

510 Sq Kms

4.2 Million

1,246

1,568

1.03

-

Particulars

Turnover

Peak Load

Energy Requirement

Total Registered Consumers

Number of Employees

Area of Distribution

Population Serviced (approx)

Per Capita Consumption (Units)

No of Consumers / Sq km

Employees / MU input

Load / Energy Growth

Strategic Roadmap: Strategic Roadmap:

WHAT NDPL INHERITED WHAT NDPL INHERITED –– JULY 2002JULY 2002

AT&C LossesAT&C Losses

> 53%> 53%

No concept ofNo concept of

consumer service consumer service

& IT Interface& IT Interface

Electricity Supply Electricity Supply

SystemSystem on the on the

verge of collapseverge of collapse

Lack of Lack of

Performance Performance

OrientationOrientation

STRATEGY FOR THE 1STRATEGY FOR THE 1STST CONTROL PERIOD (2002 CONTROL PERIOD (2002 –– 2007)2007)

AT&C Losses AT&C Losses

<25%<25%

Consumer service Consumer service

& IT Interface& IT Interface to be to be

comparable with comparable with

World StandardsWorld Standards

System ReliabilitySystem Reliability

to to be comparable be comparable

with Best Utilities in with Best Utilities in

India. India.

Performance Performance

OrientationOrientation through through

Change Change

ManagementManagement

��50%50%

1,00,000 1,00,000

Backlog Backlog

ComplaintsComplaints

No Planned No Planned

CAPEX & OPEX CAPEX & OPEX

in Past 3 Yrsin Past 3 Yrs

5,400 Staff 5,400 Staff

(Unfavorable (Unfavorable

Working Condition)Working Condition)

6

Automation Technology RoadmapAutomation Technology Roadmap

C O M M

N E T W O R K

50 OFFICES

TRANSCO GRID

STN (9)

DIST SUB STN

(5000 plus)

CUSTOMERS

(1 Mn Plus)

NDPL

GRID STN (54)

D I SASTER

RECOVERY

WEB

DA

EMS

DMS

OMS

SCADA

CRM

Billing

SAP

GIS

Call Centre

AMR

A way forward for smart grid….

Automation Excellence….

• All grid substation Panels and relays are old and non communicable type .

•All grid substations are manned and operation was carried out at local level.

• All Meters are manually read .

•Lack of centralized monitoring of distribution network

•Unavailability of system parameters across NDPL

•Unavailability of dedicated communication network for NDPL requirement.

•Sub Station Automation

•Automatic meter reading of key consumers .

•Commissioning of NDPL’S own fiber

communication infrastructure

•

• Remote monitoring & Controlling By SCADA Syst

•BCC for disaster Mitigation Plan .

•Energy auditing from SCADA.m

•DMS Syste

•Distribution Automation

•OMS

AUTOMATION ROADMAP

NDPL –SCADA - DMS NDPL NDPL ––SCADA SCADA -- DMS DMS

• SCADA : • Control & Monitoring of all grid stations

• Grid stations are Unmanned

• Manual & Automatic Load shedding on predefined time from SCADA

• ABT interfaced with load forecasting and Load

shedding

• Energy Audit

• Operation Monitoring

• EMS Applications :

• state Estimator

• Contingency analysis

• DMS Applications :• Basic trace • Fault isolation & Service restoration • Switching procedure management • Jumper ground & Cuts , VVC • Quality Indices

NDPL –Sub transmission Network NDPL –Sub transmission Network

Load SheddingLoad Shedding

8/18/2011 11

Objective :

To avoid system overloading

Key Features:

�Manual Load Shedding

�Under frequency

�Transformer Overload

�Tie Line Overload

Benefits:

�Maintenance of Grid Stability

� Revenue optimization in theft prone areas

�Optimized system overloading

�Reduction in MU losses

Under frequency load shedding Under frequency load shedding

Indicate the

day & time

for which

UFR is

scheduled

Freq. levels

availables

Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF)Short Term Load Forecasting (STLF)

8/18/201113

Objective :

To optimize load prediction for power procurment

Key Features:

�Short Term Load Forecast

�Very Short Term (Tracking) Load Forecast

�Manual Load Forecast

�Forecasts involve weather data as well

Benefits:

�Reduction in Power Purchase Costs

�Allows working within narrow margins

�Optimization of demand schedule

�Inputs for network planning

Availability Based Tariff (ABT)Availability Based Tariff (ABT)

8/18/2011 14

Objective :

To optimize power purchase cost

Key Features:

�FTP scheduled drawl from NDPL machine

�Importing Scheduled drawl data into ABT application

�DUI – Daily Unscheduled Interchange Report

�WUI – Weekly Unscheduled Interchange Report

�MUI – Monthly Unscheduled Interchange Report

�YUI – Yearly Unscheduled Interchange Report

Benefits:

�Reduction in Power Purchase Costs

�Improving upon margins

�Optimum utilization of sanctioned power

G I S , O M S ,

C y m e d i s t

( B y N D P L )

C o p y o f I S & RW e b c o n s o l e s

( B y N D P L )

E n t e r p r i s e W A N( b y N D P L )

S C A D A A p p l i c a t i o n s

D A C

C o n s o l e s )

E M S / D M S L A N

M C C

P o w e r S y s t e mS i m u l a t o r

P r i n t e r s

C o n t r o l S y s t e mS i m u l a t o r

C o n s o l e s

O T S L A N

O T S

T o D C U /

R T U s

V i d e o

p r o je c t o r( O p t i o n )

C N P ( T o t h eC C W A N v i a

t h e f i r e w a l l )

( O p t i o n )

S C A D A

P r i n t e r s

A p p l i c a t i o n s

C o n s o l e s

D a t a A c q

I n t e r f a c e

E M S / D M S L A N

T o D C U /R T U s

V i d e op r o je c t o r

C N P ( T o t h eC C W A N v i a

t h e f i r e w a l l )

( O p t i o n )

M u l t i - p o r tr o u t e r s

U I L A N

P r i n t e r s

P D S P r o c e s s o r

D a t a A c qI n t e r f a c e

C o n s o l e s

P D S L A N

C N P ( T o t h e

C C W A N v i a t h e f i r e w a l l )

( O p t i o n )

P D S

T o D C U / R T U s

C o r p o r a t e N e t w o r k

B C C

P r i n t e r s

R o u t e r

O t h e r u t i l i t i e s

C C W A N

( O p t i o n )

F i r e w a l l s

O t h e r

s e r v i c e s

I S & RI S & R

Architecture Architecture

DSIDC1

NARELA

RG-3 SUB RING - 1

Σ2

2

2 2

2

2

Σ

Σ

RG-5

PUSA

ROAD

RANIBAGH

GRID

Saraswati

garden

NARAYANA PH-

I

CORE RING

FIBER RING - NDPLFIBER RING - NDPL

RANIBAGH CCC

NEW ROHTAK ROAD

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ Σ

Σ

Σ

ΣΣ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

2

Σ

Σ

2

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

Σ

WZP-II

INDER VIHAR

AZAD PUR

WAZIRABAD

CIVIL LINES

SARASWATI GARDEN

PANDU NAGAR

VSNL

S PARK

KESHAV

PURAM DO

ROHTAK ROAD

RAM PURA

TRI NAGAR

ASHOK

VIHAR H

BLOCK CCC

GULABI BAGH SHEHJADA BAGH

SHAKTI NAGAR DO

GTK Grid

SHALIMAR

BAGH

PITAM PURA DO

PP III

PP II

MGP-II

INDER PURIHUDSON LINES

WZP-I

ASHOK VIHAR GRID

MGP-1

Σ2

RG-IVRG-22

RG-23

BAWANA

GRID-6

POOTH

KHURD

GRID

BAWANA

WATER

WORKS and

Bawana DO

DSIDC A7,

NARELA

DSIDC1

NARELA

RG-1

PP-1

HDR’PUR

SGTN

JAHANGIR

PURI

AIR

KHAMPUR

BADLI

RG-6

RG-II

Fiber Sub Ring

Fiber Main Ring

Σ Grids

2 Enterprise DATA Σ2 Enterprise and Grid

VSNLVSNL Gateway

for internet

RAMA ROAD

Σ

Σ2

Σ2

Σ2

Σ2

Σ2

2NARELA DO

DSIDC2

NARELA

STM 16

STM 4

STM 4

STM 4

STM 4

STM 4

SUB Ring 3

SUB Ring 2

SUB Ring 4

SUB Ring 5

Very Robust backbone

Typical 66/33/11 KV sub station architectureTypical 66/33/11 KV sub station architecture

IEC 60870-5-104

Typical System configuration

I/OsI/Os I/Os

UTP cable

UTP cable

D25 BCU

D25 BCU

D25 BCU

D20 Data concentrator

Communication N/W

MCC

BCUs for 66-33 kV I/C

BCUs for 66/33/11 kV Transformer Feeder

BCUs for 33 kV Bus Coupler

IEC 60870-5-104IEC 60870-5-104

Argus Protection relays on 66/33kV

Incomer, Transformer. Feeder, Bus-Coupler,

Outgoing & Capacitor Banks

RTU Maint. PortEthernet Switch

Multi function Transducer (Modbus)

Transformer Monitoring

Units

IEC 60870-5-104

Fiber Optic Cable

IEC-60870-5-103Sigma-1

RS-232, Copper

IEC-60870-5-103

BCC

Protocol – Modbus RTU (Sepam Relays) or SPA (ABB Relays)

Sigma-3

Substations components ….Substations components Substations components ……..

� Integration of Different IEDS/Relays

� Modbus Devices

� Argus Relays

� Battery Charger IED

� SPA Devices

� Average I/O Signals integrated per bay

� 33/66 kV Lines : 73

� Power Transformers : 100

� Bus Coupler & Auxiliaries : 110

� 11 kV : 20

� Equipment Health parameters available for

� 33/66 kv Breakers : Trip Counter (Normal & on Fault)

� 11 kV Breakers : Trip Counters

� OLTC Operations : No of Operations

� Remote Relay Setting Capability

25 types of IED successfu

lly integrated to SCADA

system through IEC 104

NDPL OFC Network

MCC BCC

DC DC

GPRS Network

Service providers Location

S/s

S/s S/s

S/s

S/sS/s

…GPRS Connectivity …

…2 Mbps leased lines …

Distribution Automation architectureDistribution Automation architecture

Distribution AutomationDistribution Automation

SCADA –SAP integration for Reporting

Integration of Reporting Module at Database level

Reporting

Module

(Historical & Future Database)

(SAP Reporting Module)

Report Output through BO

Few issues faced during integration

• SCADA Data structure was different and was not easily understandable at SAP

– Oracle Views were created to provide access of data in a better way

• Synching of data across 2 different systems

– Data coming from database was synchronized at regular interval to SAP System

• Taking care of huge amount of data being generated at SCADA side

– Data for only last 90 days is present at SCADA end, remaining data is archived at SAP end thereby utilizing its potential of warehousing data

• Accessibility of SAP reports

– Usage of Common repository of making reports available online onour intranet portal

SCADA-SAP Integration Benefits

• Energy audit for Sub transmission system

– The reports from SCADA System became easily

accessible using this interface to every one

• Network Planning

– Peak feeder data and transformer data is used for system improvement and yearly CAPEX planning .

• SCADA performance reports

SCADA –Knowledge Management (KM)portal

Purpose

� Real Time SCADA information across NDPL

� joint monitoring in initial stage to avoid

overloading

� Network Updation

Corporate NetworkSCADA Network

SCADA-Knowledge management Integration

SCAD

A

System

Knowledge

Management

System

Firewall

Reports

How it to works

• SCADA Data is polled every 3 minutes.

• A text file is created and pushed on to the FTP Server.

• A dot net based application has been developed which pulls data from the FTP server.

• The data is then displayed in the relevant format at

NDPL knowledge management portal Sanchay

• Whole data is refreshed every 3 minutes

Data Flow

SCADA Real Time

Database.Data is polled every 3 minutes

Application runs on NDPL

Knowledge Management Portal.

Data pushed on to an FTP server

Dot net based Application pulls

Data from FTP Server

SCADA-Knowledge Management

Feeders for each grid Values

Daily Peak Load GRID: CIVIL LINES

6.6 KV I/C-1 283.38

3-2-2010 6:00:00 PM

6.6 KV I/C-2 119.58

3-2-2010 9:45:00 AM

6.6KV CHANDRAWAL-1 120.24

3-2-2010 11:15:00 AM

6.6KV CHANDRAWAL-2 197.58

3-2-2010 8:45:00 PM

KASHMIRI GATE-1 156.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

KASHMIRI GATE-2 86.41

3-2-2010 9:45:00 AM

SABZI MANDI-1 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

20/25MVA, TR-1 109.40

3-2-2010 9:45:00 AM

20/25MVA, TR-2 82.30

3-2-2010 9:30:00 PM

5 MVA, TR-1 58.04

3-2-2010 4:45:00 PM

5 MVA, TR-2 25.02

3-2-2010 9:45:00 AM

ACDB Bus-2 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

ACDB Buscoupler 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

BUS COUPLER 1 104.75

3-2-2010 10:00:00 AM

BUS COUPLER 2 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

CAPACITOR BANK 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

DIFR CKT. 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

GOPALPUR CKT-1 0.00

3-3-2010 12:00:00 AM

GOPALPUR CKT-2 0.00

SCADA on NDPL Knowledge Portal SCADA on NDPL Knowledge Portal

Online SCADA data and logs are accessible throughout NDPL.

Future Grid….. Different from Past

32

Characteristic Today Tomorrow

Enables Consumer

Participation

Little price visibility, time-

of-use pricing rare, few

choices

Full price info, choose

from many plans, prices

and options, buy and sell

Accommodates

Generation/Storage

Dominated by central

generation. Little DG, DR,

storage or renewables

Many “plug and play”

distributed energy

resources complement

central generation

Enables New Markets

Limited wholesale

markets, not well

integrated

Mature, well-integrated

wholesale markets,

growth of new electricity

markets

Meets PQ NeedsFocus on outages not

power quality

P,Q a priority with a

variety of quality/price

options according to

needs

The Smart grid Gap

338/18/2011

Characteristic Today Tomorrow

Optimizes Assets &

Operates Efficiently

Little integration with

asset management

Deep integration of

grid intelligence with

asset management

software

Self Heals

Protects assets

following disruption

(e.g. trip relay)

Prevents disruptions,

minimizes impact,

restores rapidly

THE SMART GRID GAP

348/18/2011

35

SMART GRID ARCHITECTURE FOR DISTRIBUTION UTILITY SMART GRID ARCHITECTURE FOR DISTRIBUTION UTILITY

IEC Smart Grid Standardization Road Map 2010

36

Integration requirement

• Grid integration : where the enterprise interacts with devices using standards defined by the IEC, IEEE and ANSI, where a variety of

private and public networks can be leveraged as transports.

• Process-centric application integration : where enterprise or control

center applications are integrated through a service-oriented architecture (SOA). This may involve services, messaging between

processes, short running workflows or the more complex

• Database-centric application integration : where information exchanges

between databases are driven through the use of Extract Transform Load mechanisms

• Web integration : where users and organizations collaborate using

Web-based technologies over the internet, intranet or virtual private

network. 38

Conventional integration Architecture: Extensions

become more expensive over time

• PRICE PER REQUIREMENT VS. TIME

cost

/ re

quirem

ent

time

Architecture 1.0 Architecture 2.0 Architecture 3.0

Architecture X.0

Page 40 Aug-11

Smart substation automation

Field Device integration : IEC -61850Field Device integration : IEC -61850

What’s necessary?

� Standard intelligent process interfaces (Process bus IEC 61850)

� Standard communication and processes inside

the station and among stations (horizontal and vertical integration)

� Digital system, online information, and intelligent

applications

� Digital protection devices and components for online network analyses

Complex, personal

intensive engineering and

operating

From To

To be harmonized with CIMIEC 61970*

Vendor-independent device integration via IEC 61850 process bus

Substation automation: IEC 61850 configurationSubstation automation: IEC 61850 configuration

IEC 61850IEC 61850

IEC 61850 (Ethernet)

Protection & Control

Firewall

Router

Digital instrument transformer data via IEC61850-9-2

Merging

unit

IED IED

Communication to

other substatons*

*in standardizationwork

x

Circuit

breaker

controller

CBC

IEC61850 station bus

IEC61850 process bus

CT

VT

Control center

SCADA integration ….. Getting standardizedSCADA integration ….. Getting standardized

• Substation Automation – IEC 61850 - Making life easier

• Communication Infrastructure

• SCADA/EMS/DMS control center Application

– Integration with Business components.

» Service oriented Architecture

» Common information model (CIM)

– Decoupling SCADA and DMS-OMS

Conventional network control systems are difficult to integrate because they do not use uniform data standards. Network control systems with a standardized data format for source data , based on the standardized Common Information Model (CIM), in accordance with IEC61970, offer the best basis for IT integration

Conventional network control systems are difficult to integrate because they do not use uniform data standards. Network control systems with a standardized data format for source data , based on the standardized Common Information Model (CIM), in accordance with IEC61970, offer the best basis for IT integration

Common information model

43

Common information Model :

• the CIM allow application software to exchange information about the

configuration and status of an electrical network.

• The IEC 61970-301 standard defines the core packages of the CIM, with

focus on the needs of electricity transmission, where related applications

include energy management systems (EMS), supervisory control and data

acquisition (SCADA), planning and optimization.

• The IEC 61970-501 and 61970-452 standards define an XML format for

network model exchanges using referred to as CIM XML.

• The IEC 61968 series of standards extend the CIM to meet the needs of

electrical distribution, where related applications include distribution

management system, outage management systems, planning, metering,

work management, geographic information systems, asset management and

customer information systems. 44

SOA is based on the notion that the real world is

heterogeneous!

• SERVICE ORIENTED ARCHITECTURE

• Many legacy applications

• There is no way to start

from scratch

• Highly heterogeneous

• Long lifetime of business

data and content

• Bottlenecks are “suicide”

• Perfectionism is to

expensive

Reality of large IT

systems

• Scalability: The

amount of data used

by the system will

grow

• Flexibility: The

business processes

keep changing

• Fault tolerance:

Individual components

might fail, the overall

system may not

Requirements

• Service: business

functionality with

message based

interface

• High interoperability:

accept different

languages, platforms,

middlewares

• Loose coupling:

Simplify interaction

SOA principles

SOA : Preferred Solution for SCADA - Enterprise

application integrations

• The Business processes of utilities are changing. That means that the IT systems supporting those

processes must be adapted more often; the valuable business data has to be protected.

• In order to simplify operational processes there is an

increasing need for integration between different IT

systems, like EMS, ERP, GIS, etc. Due to the fact, that those applications have different upgrade and migration cycles, this integration has to be designed in a stable and maintainable way.

• The Business processes of utilities are changing. That means that the IT systems supporting those

processes must be adapted more often; the valuable business data has to be protected.

• In order to simplify operational processes there is an

increasing need for integration between different IT

systems, like EMS, ERP, GIS, etc. Due to the fact, that those applications have different upgrade and migration cycles, this integration has to be designed in a stable and maintainable way.

So where we are moving for

CIM and SOA provide a common concept for the

integration of technical and business processes.

The underlying IEC 61970 SOA structure allows the

flexible implementation of new applications and

make SCADA a true enterprise application as

component of Smart Energy Eco system

47

Integration challenges ….

• Smart Metering systems and processes will increase the

number of endpoints , more so , it will move them to private households. Physical security is hard to achieve

• Presence of legacy system where security has never been an important requirement.

• The majority of network connections and communications paths in Smart Grid scenario will be based on Internet-

technologies / IP-networks. This infrastructure comes along with high flexibility but also introduces a higher vulnerabilitybecause of the mal-ware (e.g.: worms, viruses)

48

Conclusion.. Few key points Conclusion.. Few key points

• When upgrading , think of standards , openness

& flexibility .

• Change management is more difficult

• Involvement of all & Internal capability building

49

Thank You