MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY

BACHELOR OF TOURISM PROGRAMME

PROPOSED CHANGES IN THE CURRICULUM FOR

THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF TOURISM (DAY & EVENING PROGRAMMES)

Department of GeographyMakerere University

P.O. Box 7062Telephone: +256-41-531261

Cables: “MAKUNIKA”Email: geog@arts.mak.ac.ug

Kampala, Uganda

CONTACTSThe Head,

Department of Geography,Faculty of Arts,

Makerere University

The Coordinator,Tourism Programme,

Department of Geography,Makerere University

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1.0 INTRODUCTIONEver since the early 1970s Universities, especially in developed countries started introducing academic departments to promote and enhance the teaching tourism at university level. This arose from the recognition that tourism was significantly taking up a position as the world’s single largest trade. This scenario has not changed in any way; and instead the 21st Century forecasts indicate that there is great potential for continued growth in the tourism sector than most other sectors. This is true even within the Great Lakes Region of Africa where Uganda lies. Despite this, tourism as a professional academic discipline is not well established in most Universities and Institutes in developing countries. The situation is even worth in Africa where there are a few recorded fully established Departments of Tourism in African Universities. The Department of Geography, Makerere University recognized this need and started the Bachelor of Tourism Programme in 1997 as a stepping stone for establishment of a Department of Tourism Management in future.

Tourism is a highly competitive industry, especially with regard to the standard of services required by the various clienteles. As highly trained and groomed professionals are required to plan, manage and sustain the standards required of any tourism sector in any given country. Such training and grooming is required in various specialties of the tourism industry like; hotel, restaurant, and institutional management; transport, travel and tour operations management; tourism product development and management; tourism promotion and marketing; leisure and recreational planning and management; wildlife conservation and management; to mention a few. In addition, the demand for tourism products and services worldwide reflects very dynamic changes in tastes of tourists and trends in tourist flows. This calls for constant research on consumer tastes and aspirations in order to determine the quality and quantity of the desired tourism products and services.

The reviewed curriculum for the Bachelor of Tourism Programme aims at producing highly, but broadly inter-disciplinary oriented professionals in aspects of tourism planning, development and management. The programme will emphasize; problem-based; project oriented; work-based and practical/field based learning. After completion of the training, the BTM graduates should be equipped with competencies (knowledge, skills and attitudes) in planning, development and management of tourism, leisure and recreation resources in ways that enhance sustainable tourism and general development. The target will be to produce tourism graduates that are consciously and attitudinally oriented to practical, field, development and extension tourism work.

This curriculum review is based on thorough discussions and consultations with all stakeholders in the tourism industry in Uganda. During the various discussion and consultation meetings that were held, it was emphasized that the following salient issues should be given special consideration in the revision of the Bachelor of Tourism Programme at Makerere University that was designed in 1997. The salient issues are:

1. The Bachelor of Tourism curriculum should emphasize the students’ effective understanding and interpretation of the concepts and issues relevant to the Tourism Industry.

2. All Bachelor of Tourism students should master at least one more International Language in addition to English.

3. The Bachelor of Tourism curriculum should ensure that graduates should come out of the University with reasonable knowledge in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills for the Tourism Industry.

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4. By the time Bachelor of Tourism students finish third year, they must have gone through a well-defined and distinct area of specialization.

5. Bachelor of Tourism students must undertake field training and internship before graduation.

2.0 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSE

2.1 Overall Goal

The overall goal of the Bachelor of Tourism Programme is to provide students with knowledge, skills and appropriate attitudes in tourism management in order to enable them to effectively participate in the development of tourism as an academic discipline and a profession.

2.2 Course Objectives

Upon completion of the Bachelor of Tourism Programme, the students should:1. Explain the concepts of tourism, tourist products, tourism systems and tourism organizations.2. Analyze and interpret ecological and cultural environments for sustainable tourism

development.3. Apply different methods, tools and skills acquired to identify, develop and manage tourism

resources sustainably.4. Apply different methods, tools and skills acquired to plan, design, develop and manage Tourist

facilities profitably and efficiently.5. Make the right tourism interpretations and guide tourists using both General Communication

and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills.6. Have reasonable management and entrepreneurial skills for self-reliance.

2.3 Verifiable indicators for the Objectives

Measurable and non-measurable indicators would be used to evaluate the success or failure of the above objectives. The overall indicator is that at the end of the Bachelor of Tourism course students should be able to apply the knowledge and skills acquired to sustainably run tourism projects and institutions using the right principles and modern Information Communication Tools. The review process recognized the need for each objective to have its own indicators. These indicators per objective are outlined below:

Objective One:The indicators for this objective are that at the end of the course students should be able to:- Understand tourism and tourists- Explain the different aspects of the tourism industry- Explain the various tourist products- Explain the elements of Tourism systems and the role of Tourism organizations- Interpret tourism trends, tourism demand and supply.

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Objective Two:The indicators for this objective are that at the end of the course students should be able to:- Understand and interpret the East African Physical, Human, Economic and Political

environments.- Interpret the East African wildlife ecology for tourism development.- Interpret the various East Africa’s cultures and cultural heritage for tourism development.- Explain the principles of wildlife management for tourism purposes.- Design techniques for conflict management in Protected Areas and Cultural Sites.

Objective Three:The indicators for this objective are that at the end of the course students should be able to:- Understand and apply the steps and models of tourism planning and management in the

planning, development and management of tourism facilities and attractions.- Plan and Design tourism marketing strategies and materials.- Plan, design and implement tourism projects and that blend with the environment.- Manage Hospitality and Recreational Facilities.- Detect and assess impact of tourism activities on the natural and human environment.

Objective Four:The indicators for this objective are that at the end of the course students should be able to:- Apply ICT methods and techniques in Tour and Travel, Hotels, Airline operations. - Apply the principles of Tour guiding- Reasonably use a foreign language other than English to interpret tourist attractions and guide

tourists.- Design and cost tour itineraries- Apply the skills of customer care and public relations.

Objective Five:The indicators for this objective are that at the end of the course students should be able to apply and use:- Entrepreneurial knowledge, principles and skills- Management accounting and Decision making knowledge and principles for effective

management of tourism resources and institutions.

3.0 ADMISSION/ENTRY REQUIREMENTS

3.1 Minimum Entry Requirements

A candidate shall be admitted to the Bachelor of Tourism Programme (DAY or EVENING) if he/she satisfies any one of the following conditions:(i) Possesses at least an Ordinary Level Certificate (Uganda Certificate of Education) or its

equivalent obtained at one sitting and an Advanced Level Certificate (Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education) with a minimum of two principal passes in the Arts, Sciences, Commercial or other subjects obtained at one sitting.

(ii) Has passed the Makerere University Mature Age Entry Examination in the area of Tourism and/or Recreation Management

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(iii) Holds a good Tourism related Diploma (or equivalent) from an Institution or University recognized by Uganda’s Ministry of Education and Sports and more specifically Makerere University.

(iv) Holds a Degree (or equivalent) in any area of study from a recognized University

3.2 Specific Entry Requirements

In addition to the minimum entry requirements candidates shall be selected for admission to the Bachelor of Tourism Programme (DAY or EVENING) basing on their performance in particular subjects at their Advanced Level Education. The criteria used shall be based on what are considered to be ESSENTIAL, RELEVANT and DESIRABLE subjects as indicated below:

Essential Subjects: Geography, Economics and BiologyRelevant Subjects: Mathematics, History and Foreign LanguagesDesirable Subjects: All other subjects are desirable

NOTE: The above minimum and specific admission/entry requirements are liable to change from time to time without due knowledge of potential candidates.

4.0 UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS

This revised curriculum will follow all other Makerere university regulations relating to: Entry Weighting system Funding (government sponsorship versus private sponsorship) Time for running of the course (Day programme versus Evening programme) Structure of three year programmes under the Semester system Examinations Progression through the programme (normal progress, probationary progress, retaking of course

units, discontinuation and award of degree)

5.0 THE REVIEWED CURRICULUM

The curriculum will lead to the award of the degree of Bachelor of Tourism of Makerere University and was designed in such a way that the course shall extend over three academic years. In the first year of study students are introduced to tourism, tourism operations and other related disciplines. All the first year courses are compulsory. The second year will take students through more specific and in-depth courses in tourism, tourism operations and related disciplines. During the second year vacation students are compulsorily expected to carry out an independent tourism oriented research project whose report/dissertation shall be submitted at the end of third year. In the third year, students will be offered opportunity to specialize in the following areas: Tourism Management; Hospitality and Recreation Management; and Travel and Transport Management. During the third year long vacation students will seek for attachment in any tourism related institution/firm in the Great Lakes Region where they will be expected to undergo internship/industrial training for at least two (2) months (60 days) before graduation. This industrial training is compulsory and will be supervised by the Bachelor of Tourism Academic Staff.

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During the three years students will undertake all stipulated practicals including compulsory academic field trips in Uganda and other parts of the Great Lakes Region. A minimum of three (3) such compulsory academic trips for each academic year lasting a maximum of 20 days in all will be organized. At the end of these trips students will be expected to prepare and hand-over field reports.

The field reports, the independent research project report/dissertation and the results from industrial training will constitute an independent course unit referred to as Course TOU.3101 - Field course, Research Project and Internship in this reviewed curriculum.

A student offering the Bachelor of Tourism shall be required, to take all the courses as specified and described here below. The structure below indicates the three-year course units and how they were reviewed.

Important things to note in the Structure: The coding system is structured basing on year of study, semester of study and course unit. The course codes have been revised and changed across-board. L = Lectures, P = Practicals, CH = Contact Hours and CU = Credit Units The italicized courses indicate old courses that have changed title or that have been merged and

have thus changed course content accordingly. The bold courses indicate new courses that are being proposed for introduction

5.1 Nature of the Curriculum Review

FIRST YEARSemester One L P CH CUTOU.1101 Introduction to Tourism and Tourism Operations 60 0 60 4

(Modification of TOU.100)TOU.1102 East African Environment and Tourism Product

Development 60 0 60 4 (Merger of TOU.101 and TOU.201)

TOU.1103 East African Wildlife Ecology I 45 30 75 4(Merger of TOU.103 &122)

GEO.1103 Communication Skills 45 30 75 4GEO.1104 Introductory Economics 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoTOU.1201 Tourism Business Operations 60 0 60 4TOU.1202 Introduction to Quantitative skills 60 0 60 4

(Modified TOU.121)TOU.1203 Map and Photographic Interpretation 30 60 90 4

(Modified TOU.123)GEO.2210 Basic Accounting 60 0 60 4

(Modified TOU.124)TOU.1204 East African Wildlife Ecology II 45 30 75 4

(Merger of TOU.120 &122)TOU.1205 Foreign Language I (Swahili, French, German, etc) 60 0 60 4

(Same as TOU.229)SECOND YEARSemester One L P CH CUCore Courses:

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GEO.2107 Introduction to Computer Applications 30 60 90 4(Same as TOU.200)

TOU.2109 Tourism and Hospitality Services Management 60 0 60 4(Modification of TOU.202)

TOU.2102 Tourism Professional Ethics 60 0 60 4TOU.2103 Foreign Language II (Swahili, French, German, etc) 45 30 75 4

Elective Courses:TOU.2104 Ecotourism 45 30 75 4TOU.2105 Development Concepts and Applications 60 0 60 4TOU.2106 Aquatic Tourism 60 0 60 4

(Modification of TOU.204)TOU.2107 Tourism Organization Management 60 0 60 4

(A split of TOU.303)

Semester TwoCourse Courses:RMH.2201 Research Methods 60 0 60 4TOU.2201 Principles of Tourism Resource Management 60 0 60 4

(Modified TOU.221)TOU.2202 Computer applications in Tourism 30 60 90 4TOU.2203 Tourism Analysis 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.2204 Human Resource Management 60 0 60 4

(Split of TOU.303) TOU.2205 Travel Behavior and Management 45 30 75 4TOU.2206 Protected and Conservation Areas Management 45 30 75 4

(Modified TOU.228)TOU.2207 Public Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.2208 Culture Tourism 50 20 70 4

THIRD YEARGeneral Core Courses L P CH CUSemester OneTOU.3101 Tourism Planning and Policy in East Africa 60 0 60 4

(Modified 301)TOU.3102 Tourism Communication and Technology 50 20 70 4

Semester TwoTOU.3201 Tourism Economics 60 0 60 4

(Modified TOU.300) TOU.3202 Tourism Marketing Systems 60 0 60 4

(Previous TOU.304)GEO.3208 Field course, Research Project and Internship - - - 4

(Previous TOU.223 & 323)

AREAS OF SPECIALISATION AND COURSES TO BE OFFERED

A. TOURISM MANAGEMENT OPTION

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Semester OneCore Course:TOU.3103 Sustainable Tourism Development 60 0 60 4TOU.3104 Rural and Wildlife Based Tourism Development 45 30 75 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3105 Principles of Geographical Information Systems 45 30 75 4TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4

Semester Two Core Course:TOU.3201 Tourism Project Planning and Management 45 30 75 4TOU.3202 Human Resource Management II 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3203 Urban Tourism and Heritage Sites Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3204 Conflict Resolution in Tourism development 60 0 60 4TOU.3205 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3206 Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

Applications in Tourism 30 60 90 4

B. HOSPITALITY AND RECREATION MANAGEMENT OPTION

Semester OneCore Course:TOU.3108 Hospitality Operations Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3109 Customer Care and Hospitality Marketing and Sales 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4TOU.3110 Foods and Beverages Production Management 45 30 75 4TOU.3111 Accommodations Management 45 30 75 4

Semester TwoCore Course:TOU.3207 Recreational Facilities Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3208 Sports and Events Tourism 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.3205 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3209 Strategic Planning and Management 60 0 60 4

C. TRAVEL AND TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT OPTION

Semester OneCore Course:

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TOU.3112 Tour Operations Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3113 Travel Operations Management 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.3105 Principles of Geographical Information Systems 60 0 60 4TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4TOU.3114 Transport in Tourism Development 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoCore Course:TOU.3210 Tour guiding and Leadership Skills 45 30 75 4TOU.3211 Transport Systems Management 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3205 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3206 Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

Applications in Tourism 30 60 90 4TOU.3212 Transport Organizations and Policies 60 0 60 4TOU.3213 Transport Law and Regulations 60 0 60 4

5.2 Final Version of the Reviewed Curriculum

FIRST YEARFirst year students will offer:Five Core Courses in First and Second Semester

Semester One L P CH CUTOU.1101 Introduction to Tourism and Tourism Operations 60 0 60 4TOU.1102 East African Environment and Tourism

Product Development 60 0 60 4 TOU.1103 East African Wildlife Ecology I 45 30 75 4GEO.1103 Communication Skills 60 0 60 4GEO.1104 Introductory Economics 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoTOU.1201 Tourism Business Operations 60 0 60 4TOU.1202 Introduction to Quantitative skills 60 0 60 4TOU.1203 Map and Photographic Interpretation 30 60 90 4TOU.1104 East African Wildlife Ecology II 45 30 75 4TOU.1205 Foreign Language I (Swahili, French, German, etc) 60 0 60 4GEO.2210 Basic Accounting 60 0 60 4

SECOND YEARSecond year students will offer:Four Core Courses per SemesterTwo Elective Courses per Semester

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Semester OneCore Courses:GEO.2107 Introduction to Computer Applications 30 60 90 4TOU.2101 Tourism and Hospitality Services Management 60 0 60 4TOU.2102 Tourism Professional Ethics 60 0 60 4TOU.2103 Foreign Language II (Swahili, French, German, etc) 45 30 75 4

Elective Courses:TOU.2104 Ecotourism 45 30 75 4TOU.2105 Development Concepts and Applications 60 0 60 4TOU.2106 Aquatic Tourism 60 0 60 4TOU.2107 Tourism Organization Management 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoCourse Courses:RMH.2201 Research Methods 60 0 60 4TOU.2201 Principles of Tourism Resource Management 60 0 60 4TOU.2202 Computer Applications in Tourism 30 60 90 4TOU.2203 Tourism Analysis 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.2204 Human Resource Management 60 0 60 4TOU.2205 Travel Behavior and Management 45 30 75 4TOU.2206 Protected and Conservation Areas Management 45 30 75 4TOU.2207 Public Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.2208 Culture Tourism 50 20 70 4

THIRD YEARThe third year students will offer:Two General Core Courses Two Specialization Core course per SemesterTwo Specialization Elective Courses per Semester

General Core Courses:Semester OneTOU.3101 Tourism Planning and Policy in East Africa 60 0 60 4TOU.3102 Tourism Communication and Technology 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoTOU.3201 Tourism Economics 60 0 60 4TOU.3202 Tourism Marketing Systems 60 0 60 4GEO.3208 Field course, Research Project and Internship - - - 4

AREAS OF SPECIALISATION AND COURSES TO BE OFFERED

A. TOURISM MANAGEMENT OPTION

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Semester OneCore Course:TOU.3103 Sustainable Tourism Development 60 0 60 4TOU.3104 Rural and Wildlife Based Tourism Development 45 30 75 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3105 Principles of Geographical Information Systems 45 30 75 4TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4

Semester Two Core Course:TOU.3203 Tourism Project Planning and Management 45 30 75 4TOU.3204 Human Resource Management II 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3205 Urban Tourism and Heritage Sites Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3206 Conflict Resolution in Tourism development 60 0 60 4TOU.3207 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3208 Geographical Information Systems Applications in Tourism30 60 90 4

B. HOSPITALITY AND RECREATION MANAGEMENT OPTION

Semester OneCore Course:TOU.3108 Hospitality Operations Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3109 Quality Management and Customer Care 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4TOU.3110 Foods and Beverages Production Management 45 30 75 4TOU.3111 Accommodations Management 45 30 75 4

Semester TwoCore Course:TOU.3209 Recreational Facilities Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3210 Sports and Events Tourism 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.3207 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3211 Strategic Planning and Management 60 0 60 4

C. TRAVEL AND TRANSPORT MANAGEMENT OPTION

Semester OneCore Course:

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TOU.3112 Tour Operations Management 60 0 60 4TOU.3113 Travel Operations Management 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses: TOU.3105 Principles of Geographical Information Systems 60 0 60 4TOU.3106 Entrepreneurial skills development 50 20 70 4TOU.3107 Management Accounting and Decision Making 60 0 60 4TOU.3114 Transport in Tourism Development 60 0 60 4

Semester TwoCore Course:TOU.3212 Tour guiding and Leadership Skills 45 30 75 4TOU.3213 Transport Systems Management 60 0 60 4

Elective Courses:TOU.3207 International Relations 60 0 60 4TOU.3208 Geographical Information Systems Applications in Tourism30 60 90 4TOU.3214 Transport Organizations and Policies 60 0 60 4TOU.3215 Transport Law and Regulations 60 0 60 4

6.0 COURSE DESCRIPTIONS

TOU.1101 INTRODUCTION TO TOURISM AND TOURISM OPERATIONS (Core)The Tourism System: components and organization, Historical Dimensions of Tourism – travel in ancient time, middle age, renaissance, industrial age and modern mass tourism, Economic, social, cultural, environmental and political dimensions – defining international tourism, the importance of international tourism, travel flows, and the international tourist behaviour, Impacts of tourism, Environmental Dimensions – environment and tourist behaviour, environmental perception, environment as an attraction, and the “greening” of tourism. Tourism Players/Stakeholders – public sector, private sector, local communities and non-governmental organizations, Role of Various Players/Stakeholder – policy, regulate, planning, operation and management. Tourism Attraction – environmental, cultural and social, Tourism Infrastructure – transport, accommodation, etc.

TOU.1102 EAST AFRICAN ENVIRONMENT AND TOURISM PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT (Core)

A survey of the physical geography of East Africa; landform including the Rift Valley and associated highlands. Geographical structure and soils. Climatic background; the unexpected aridity of East Africa. Ecological variability. The disease environment. East Africa as a cultural heath of man. People and cultures of East Africa both past and present. Comparative study of the demographic situation. Research potentials and exploitation including agriculture, forestry, wildlife, minerals. Economic infrastructure industry, transport and communications, trade, banking. Tourism attractions and products, facilities, services and infrastructure development alternatives for East Africa.

TOU.1103 EAST AFRICAN WILDLIFE ECOLOGY I - (Core)Introduction to plants and their classification. Flowering plants and their morphology: life cycles, growth habitat. Modification of plants in relation to functions: modified organs, reproduction in flowering plants; mechanisms of pollination, fertilization; mechanism and seed dispersal.

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Natural history of Ugandas plants Ethnobotany: the cultural and economic value of plants, use of plants by wildlife. Plants and their environment: distribution and ecology. Ecological regions of Uganda and their characteristic floral vegetation types; and forests savanna, dry lands, aquatic. Impact of man on plants: deforestation, decertification, and environment pollution. Conservation of plants and their sustainable utilisation: tree planting, afforestation, botanic gardening. Diversity of East Africa’s (Uganda in particular) flora and its importance to tourism. Practical include plant collecting, identification and classification including herbarium techniques.

GEO.1103 COMMUNICATION SKILLS (Core)Introduction to communication, basic vocabulary for usage in particular environments, collection and summarizing of data/information; the writing process; thinking critically/selectively, selecting relevant details, organizing relevant details logically, writing reports and essays in appropriate academic register. Writing and expanding information; notes, tables, figures, graphs, and technical diagrams, paraphrasing non-linear texts. Streamlining writing; avoiding ambiguities, fallacies, irrationalities, providing supporting evidence, drafting and editing various types of descriptive, narrative, argumentative, expository essays, quoting, citing, referencing foot-noting, writing bibliographies. Speaking skills; effective speaking, public address, the art of persuasion, ducting interviews, conducting meeting and writing minutes, participating in group discussions and tutorials, non-verbal communication cues, presenting papers/reports in tutorials/seminars, seeking clarification, giving and justifying opinions, agreeing and disagreeing.

GEO.1104 INTRODUCTORY ECONOMICS (Core)Scope and method of Economics. Concepts of economics. Elementary theory of price and distribution. The idea of scarcity and choice. The economy as a whole, the circular flow of income and its measurement. Survey of structure of the economy and domestic pricing policies using specified country examples. Comparative economic system, international economy and trade relation with the rest of the world. Other economic aspects including unemployment, underemployment and social welfare. Economic growth and development and role of tourism.

TOU.1201 TOURISM BUSINESS OPERATIONS (Core) Tourism Demand; the nature of demand, products and buyer objectives in tourism, Types of variable, influencing and containing tourism demand, Levels of choice in traqvel and tourism demand, Constraints on tourism demand, levels of choice in travel and tourism demand, Constraints on tourism demand, Income price effects, Other special variables in tourism demand. Supply of Travel and Tourism Products; the decision to supply, Time frames in tourism supply, production functions and inputs, Costs and supply in tourism, Pricing, Elasticity of supply, Controls on supply; equilibrium in tourism markets. Tourist Motivation and Behaviour; the tourist needs and wants, General and Specific motivations, Motivation and facilitators. The Structure and Organization of the Travel and Tourism Industry; Structure and Role of public Sector in Tourism.

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TOU.1202 INTRODUCTION TO QUANTITATIVE SKILLS (Core) Overview of quantification and quantitative skills. Quantitative techniques and tourism. Summarizing data (frequency distributions, averages and measures of dispersion, transformation and combination of data, etc). Basic measures of spatial distribution (point distributions, line distributions and continuous distributions). Decision making. Probability and probability statistics. Index numbers. Time series. Budgeting and investment analysis. Network analysis. Statistical diagrams.

TOU.1203 MAP AND PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION (Core)Tourism Information and cartographic and photographic representation. Vision and perception. Topographic maps; representation of topographic features, identification and analysis of potential tourism resources from topographic maps. Othophotomaps and tourism. Special-purpose and Special-subject maps; tourism, travel, recreation and leisure maps (Charcteristics, Design, content and Interpretation). Challenges of using maps in tourism in developing countries. Types of photographs and their relevance to tourism. The Aesthetic qualities of photographs and its relevance to tourism marketing and promotion. Principles of Interpreting variuos types of photographs. Principles of taking various types of photograps, Photographic equipment and their use. Ethical considerations relating to production and use of maps and photographs. Trends and developments in the cartographic and photographic industry and implications for the tourism industry.

TOU 1204: EAST AFRICAN WILDLIFE ECOLOGY II – (Core)Introduction to and animals and their classification and characteristics. Natural history of East Africa’s animals. Ethnozoology; the cultural, biological, environmental and economic value of animals. Scientific study of animals, binomial nomenclature animal classification, kingdoms of life; prakaryotes, eukaryotes. Origins of metazoa; architectural patterns of animals; levels of organization; animal body plans, animal symmetry, evolution of body cavities, meteorism and caphalization; general characteristics and basic structural features of major invertebrate and vertebrate phyla. Adaptability of the chordate plan as exemplified by modern amphibians, reptiles, apes and mammals.Animal cells; structure and functions; animal tissues; digestion, excretion, circulation, cellular and respiratory systems, reproduction, nero-endocrine systems and homestasis; basic ecological concepts; adaption of organism to their environment; basic concepts of genetics, laws of heredity; mutations, evidence and theories of heritable variation; natural selection; community features, stability and dynamics, zoogeographical animal variation with special reference to Africa (Ecological regions of East Africa and Uganda in particular) – tropical region; mechanisms of isolation. Importance of fauna to tourism development. Impact of man fauna. Conservation and preservation fauna resources and their sustainable utilization.

TOU.1205 FOREIGN LANGUAGE I (SWAHILI, FRENCH, GERMAN, ETC) -CoreIntroduction to pronunciation of the alphabet. Who is who. What is what. Getting to know someone. Negation. Asking for more details. What is available and where it is. Prices. Getting what you want. Getting precisely what you want. Saying what you would like to do. Localization. Destination. Provenance. Imperative. Adverbs. Comparative and superlative. Transport. Seasons and time telling. Some useful expressions for requesting, giving or refusing an appointment.

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GEO.2210 BASIC ACCOUNTING (Core)Record keeping; ledger income statement, balance sheet, assets and liabilities, analysis of simple financial statements. Interest discounts and commissions. Simple and compound interest, calculation of discount and commissions. Concept of Accounts; accounting cycle; inventories and firm assets; journals; ledgers. Debt accounting. Financial accounting: trial balance, final accounts, receipts and payments; income and expenditure account. Deprecations, reserves and provision; capital and revenue expenditure and receipts; manufacturing accounts; partnership accounts; bank reconciliation. Internal audio and control procedures; budget and budgetary controls. Accounting practices of in tourism establishments (tour and travel bureaus, hotels, motels, restaurants, etc); Review of accounting principles, accounting for sales, accounting for cash receipts, accounting for purchases, accounting for wages, departmentalized worksheet, reports to management.

GEO.2107 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS(Core) Introduction to the computer; characteristics of computers, components of computers, types of computers, basic computer operations and commands, use of the keyboard. Introduction to the operating systems software; working with the Disk Operating System and associated commands, working under the windows environment. Introduction to the basic computer application software; word processing software, spread sheets and database management applications

TOU.2101 TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY SERVICES MANAGEMENT (Core)An introduction to hospitality services available in East Africa such as hotels, lodges, hostels, guesthouses, tented camps, resorts and other private catering facilities. Objectives of hospitality services; profits; sales, great satisfaction, enhancing the image of accommodation facilities front and back of the house. Service standards and classification criteria of hotels. Additional services including recreation game viewing, laundry, safety and security, medical, special requirements of the handicapped.

TOU.2102 TOURISM PROFESSIONAL ETHICS (Core)The nature of ethics/morality; good versus evil; right versus wrong; normative ethics and meta ethics; key concepts in ethics, freedom and responsibility, justice and equality and duty. The nature of morality based on reason and morality based on community, morality and conventions. The nature and characteristics of a profession; personal versus professional ethics; ethical issues in tourism industry (clientele ethics, work place ethics, environmental ethics, etc), comparative study of professional ethics in various professions, the nature and characteristics of a code of conduct; codes of conduct and their relationship to ethic; code of conduct for tourism professionals.

TOU.2103 FOREIGN LANGUAGE II (SWAHILI, FRENCH, GERMAN, ETC) -CoreArticles. Common nouns. Gender. Number. Interrogation remarks. Sentence: Yes, No, Imperative + Infinitive. Prepositions. Pronouns: personal, possessive, demonstrative, relative, interrogative, indefinite, complement of the imperative. Adjectives: non qualifying and qualifying. Tenses. Language variation. Causes of language variation. Rules for use and usage. Letter writing. Comprehension and summary writing. Composition and report writing. Dialogues. Reading skills. Writing skills. Language laboratory drills.

TOU.2104 ECOTOURISMBackground to ecotourism; the concept of ecotourism and its evolution; the basis of nature-oriented tourism. Goals and objectives of ecotourism. Costs and benefits of ecotourism. Visitor needs in ecotourism. Identification of potential ecotourism zones and sites. Planning, development and management of ecotourism sites. Ecotourism types and alternatives for East Africa Political, social and ecological impacts of ecotourism. Ecotourism versus other protected area based tourism. Problems and prospects of ecotourism.

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TOU.2105 DEVELOPMENT CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONSThe best of concepts of development; economic conception, political conception, social conception, cultural environment conceptions. Objectives of development. Theories of development; classical, neo-classical and current theories. Growth versus development. Relationship between social-economic development and economic growth. Analysis of contemporary development problems in Africa and East Africa in particular. Philosophical and organizational strategies for development. Agents of development; management development resources. The role of tourism in economic growth and development.

TOU.2106 AQUATIC TOURISMUnderstanding aquatic resources; the hydrological cycle and aquatic resource sustainability; precipitation, evapotranspiration, interception, soil water, ground water, runoff. Classification of rivers, lakes, estuaries and oceans. Characteristics of the various aquatic habitats e.g vertical and horizontal zonation on the shore line and in the water column. Aquatic resources and tourism. Aquatic tourism possibilities and activities on the sea, the lakes, the coastal areas, the beach, the rivers, etc. Impact of aquatic tourism on the marine environment (e.g. pollution, pollution problems in freshwater bodies, estuaries, etc). Planning for, development and management of aquatic tourism facilities and services in Uganda (Challenges and possibilities).

TOU.2107 TOURISM ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENTOverview of Tourism Organization (WTO, ICAO, Multinational Tourism Organizations e.g ETC, CTO, National Tourism Organizations, etc). In-depth look at National and Local Tourism Organizations (governmental, governmental agency, quasi-governmental, non-governmental, private industry, Community based, etc). Functions of National and Local Tourism organizations. Organization Structures of Tourism Organization (special emphasis will be given to national and local tourism organizations). Critical look at Community Tourism organizations. Tourism Organizations management: vision, goals, objectives, priorities and targets; principles of organization management; organization activities and programmes and management possibilities, strategies and challenges. Financing Tourism organizations.

RMH.2201 RESEARCH METHODS (Core)Research and the state of knowledge; purpose of research; principles of research and problems in starting research. Feasibility and ethical issues in research. The research process; the research problem, formulating objectives, questions, hypotheses, etc. Conceptualization of the problem and the need for a conceptual framework, conceptual proposal and research proposal. Principles of literature review. Research types and research designs (descriptive studies, analytical stuidies, experimental research, forecasting studies, etc). Sampling and sample designing. Data collection instruments and techniques. Data handling, processing and analysis (record forms, coding, basic parametric and non-parametric forms of data analysis, testing hypotheses, etc). Tourism research and potential tourism research opportunities and areas. Reporting research results (writing a report and types of research reports, verbal presentations, etc)

TOU.2201 PRINCIPLES OF TOURISM RESOURCE MANAGEMENT (Core)The nature of natural resources. Concepts of resource management. Approaches in resource management (ecological, economic, technological, ethnological and sustainability approaches). Resource analysis for tourism. Resource appraisal for tourism (estimating demand and determining supply and implication for resource management). Principles of resource allocation (role of spatial organization of resources and spatial interaction processes). Perceptions, attitudes and behavior and

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their implications for tourism resource management. Relevance of the concepts of land evaluation, land capability and suitability, carrying capacity, hard and risk to tourism resource management. Poverty and its implications to natural resource management. Environmental impact assessment issues. Principles and ethics of natural resource conservation. Preservation versus conservation. Restoration of degraded environments. Resources management Law and Policy.

TOU.2202 COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN TOURISM (Core)Computer applications relevant to the tourism sector; data analysis packages such as SPSS; database management systems e.g Ms-access (database design, relational modeling, database management, etc); Worksheets, schedules and reports design (housekeeping schedules, staff schedules, cleaning and laundering schedules, reports to management, budget work sheets, sales report, etc). Basic managerial, accounting, hospitality management, bookings and reservations packages, etc

TOU.2203 TOURISM ANALYSIS (Core)Understanding the tourist (types of scales, scaling techniques, etc). Segmentation of the tourism market (issues in segmentation, a priori segmentation, factor-cluster segmentation, etc). Forecasting tourism demand and market trends (forecasting models, trend extrapolation, gravity model, probabilistic models, etc). Selecting a site for tourism development (location theory, inductive reasoning, etc). Defining and describing tourism regions (definition and goals of regionalization, analysis of tourism regions basing on standard distance, compact index, connectivity index, nearest neighbor techniques, etc). Shadow prices and non-market valuation in tourism. Tourism impacts and evaluation techniques (cost-benefit analysis, use indicators for sustainable tourism, etc)

TOU.2204 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENTPrinciples of personnel management; and administration, recruitment, training. Worker motivation, incentives and conditions of employment. Labour law; management of occupational hazards. Manpower planning and development. Organizational structure, process and functioning. Organizations as systems. Personal management recruitment, training, scheduling, motivation and appraisal. Development of management thought and practice, management functions. Structure and design of organizations. Organization and external environment; implications for management approach, staffing and personnel function. Human behavior in the organization environment, (specifically group dynamics in the organization environment). Interpersonal and organization communication. Management problem and decision-making process. Application of system thinking in organizational management with specific attention to operations management.

TOU.2205 TRAVEL BEHAVIOR AND MANAGEMENTThe tourist behaviour (tourist needs, desires and motives) Needs, desires and motives assessment among tourists and travelers. Tourist’s learning process. Selecting a tourism or travel destination (information available, perception, benefit segmentation, etc). The tourist/traveller’s buying process (attention and awareness, knowledge and comprehension, attitudes, interest and liking, evaluation, preference and desire, intention and conviction, adoption, etc) Comparison on old and new tourism in travel behaviour and management. Management of travel; air, sea, road and rail travel. Travel requirements including government procedures, immigration procedures and regulations. Operations of travel agencies. Travel related automation and technologies in the present world and implications for the travel industry. Global terrorism and its implications on travel behaviour and management. Travel law-rights of travelers, liability of travel agents, class and action suits.

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TOU.2206 PROTECTED AND CONSERVATION AREAS MANAGEMENTConservation versus preservation versus sustainability in general. Understanding Protected areas and Conservation areas. Protected and Conservation areas in Uganda. Ecological dynamics in protected areas as opposed to those in Conservation areas. Resource development in Conservation areas. Resource management issues in protected areas and conservation areas. Resource management strategies (possibilities and challenges) in protected and conservation areas of Uganda and their implications for tourism development. Case studies of management of protected and conservation areas in dry/range lands, moist forest lands, mountainous environments, coastal or marine areas, peri-urban and urban environments, and densely populated rural environments. Protected and Conservation areas institutional management frameworks, policies and laws. International cooperation and arrangements for protected and conservation areas management.

TOU.2207 PUBLIC RELATIONS The principles and place of public relations; public relations practitioners and public relations skills; the role of public relations in marketing; the need for and the role of public relations in tourism (tourism as a public relations discipline). Public relations and planning and management of tourism, leisure and recreation projects and activities; the role of public relations in projecting company/product reputation and goodwill; Managing cooperate reputation and goodwill.

TOU.2208 CULTURE TOURISM Culture and heritage tourism; the evolution and characteristics of ethnic cultures in Uganda and the rest of East Africa, Planning for the development of cultural tourism basing cultural products like traditional/cultural songs, dances, poems, religion, architecture, art and sculptures, customs and rituals, etc. Concept of hospitality, social economic and political organization of societies in East Africa, Traditional sites and shrines as tourism attractions. The conflicts between preservation of cultural heritage and development of tourism and leisure. Uganda’s diverse cultures as tourist attractions, and development of alternative tourism projects, Case study of interactions between Uganda’s host communities and socio-cultural and economic impacts of tourism development.

TOU.3101 TOURISM PLANNING AND POLICY IN EAST AFRICAPublic Policy definitions. The policy environment (power arrangements, values, institutional arrangements, etc). The policy arena (interest groups, institutions, institutional leadership, etc). Specific policy issues (demands, decisions, outputs, outcomes, etc). Tourism public policy scale (International, national, local), Tourism policy producer, non-producer and interest groups at the various scales. Importance of tourism planning. Tourism Institutional elements and planning. Tourism planning process (Study preparation to implementation and monitoring). Organizational structure for tourism planning and policy. Tourism investment policies and incentives. Tourism planning in East Africa. Tourism policies in East Africa. The Uganda situation and its implication for tourism development.

TOU.3102 TOURISM COMMUNICATION AND TECHNOLOGYTourism information identification, gathering, organisation and storage. Retrieval, repackaging and dessimination and communicating of information. Roles of libraries and Tourism information points. Information service and general management of libraries and tourism information services. Roles, responsibilities and challenges of Tourism information Centres in tourism promotion and marketing. Roles and responsibilities of an information and communication manager. Tourism information and communication management and delivery tools and technologies (computers, audio-visual, multi-media technologies, etc) – relevance, use and handling.

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TOU.3103 SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENTThe concept of sustainable development – sustainable development, sustainable tourism, interactions of tourism with the environment. Tourism sustainability principles (ecological, socio-cultural and economic). Dimensions of sustainable tourism – trends in demand, environmental issues, different types of holidays, reactions of the tourism industry,. Partners in sustainable tourism development. Private and Public sector involvement – drive to sustainable development, market imperfections, motives of ethics and justice, roles of government, private sector and local community. The tourism industry, the environment and the community. Managing the tourism sector and its environmental and social impacts. Case studies of the situation in the Great Lakes region. Uganda’s policies and implications for sustainable tourism development.

TOU.3104 RURAL AND WILDLIFE BASED TOURISM DEVELOPMENTTrends in rural and wildlife based tourism – concepts and classifications, alternative tourism, history of rural tourism. Rural environment and wildlife zones ; accessibility, resource integrity, image conflicts, resource allocation, physical access and travel patterns, Rural and wildlife based tourism and authenticity – tourist – host interactions, temporal and spatial constraints, lack of spontaneity, and unequal and unbalanced tourist experience. Social impacts – index of tourist irritation, euphoria to xenophobia the physical presence of tourists, and the demonstration effect, Cultural impacts – effects on culture, inter-cultural communication, culture as a commodity, material forms of culture, renaissance of traditional art, and non-material forms of culture. Impact rural and wildlife based tourism on natural resources sustainability. International and country policies in wildlife conservation.

TOU.3105 PRINCIPLES OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS The basic principles of geographical information systems including: the concept of spatial data, digital representation of spatial data, description of spatial data and spatial data characteristics. GIS as a system, components and functions of GIS and spatial data relationships in a GIS. Spatial data models (roster & vector), topology, spatial data manipulation, classification and type of spatial analysis. Spatial data entry through digitizing, establishment of topology and geometric data editing, coordinates systems, projections and geo-referencing. Attribute data handling and spatial data queries. Basic analytical GIS technique including buffering and topological overlays. Data visualization using appropriate cartographic standards. The case studies with elements of geo-referencing, digitizing editing, basic analysis and visualization.

TOU.3106 ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS DEVELOPMENTWho is an entrepreneur? How do you know that you are an entrepreneur (inventory and evaluation of individual and group potentialities for entrepreneurship). Entreprenuerial skills development (Attitudes towrds self, others, subject matter and business). Principles of entrepreneurship. Concepts, characteristics and functions of entrepreneurs. The business idea and how to start a business. How to start a tourism related business. Micro and small business development and management (definition, types, forms, characteristics, possibilities and challenges). Micro and small business in the tourism industry. Making a feasibility study. Making a marketing plan. Starting the business (start-up capital, financial plan, business plan, legal responsibilities, etc). Effective management of micro and small scale enterprises resources (human, material and financial) institutional arrangements for supporting entrepreneurs and micro and small scale businesses in Uganda.

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TOU.3107 MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND DECISION MAKINGManagerial account, Balance sheet, Income statements and statements of cash flow and financial ratios, Types of costs, cost-benefit analysis and pricing, Forecasting, budgeting, cash management, internal control, capital budgeting, leasing and taxation. The Decision making process; rational decision making; rational decision making principles in a financial environment or for business purposes. Relevance of management accounting and rational decision making in tourism establishments.

TOU.3108 HOSPITALITY OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTHospitality products and markets; Hotel facilities and services as products, Hotel accommodation markets, Hotel catering markets. Product styles and concepts. Product growth and development, concept selection and development. The hotel as a total market concept. The hospitality cycle; the business cycle, the control cycle, the operations cycle. Productivity management. Product quality. Menus and tariffs. Foresting and managing demand. Work coordination and control. Facilities layout and design. Equipment specification and selection. Features of a service. Service design in hospitality operations. Service development and innovations. Service quality and productivity; the quality mix. Customer orientation and care. Customer participation and quality. Legal framework of hospitality services; Regulation and quality, Food law, Accommodation law, Guests and the law, licensing law. Ethics in hospitality services; ethics and the front office, ethical concerns in food and beverage management, ethics and housekeeping, hotel engineering and security, ethics in information technology and in relationship with the community.

TOU.3109 QUALITY MANAGEMENT AND CUSTOMER CAREOverview of quality management and customer care. Trends in total quality management (TQM), Contributions of TQM in improving all aspects of operations performance, The relationship between profitability, productivity and quality, Quality improvement within TQM, Steps involved when planning and controlling quality, Approaches and techniques which can be adopted in order to improve and evaluate operations, Formulation of TQM framework of services. Consumer behavior, clients/customer analysis. Communication and clientele handling. Customer winning and retention techniques. Listening to customer (procedures, techniques and practice). Front office management.

TOU.3110 FOODS AND BEVERAGES PRODUCTION MANAGEMENTUnderstanding foods and beverages. Food security, food production, preservation, storage, distribution and purchasing. Cultural aspects of food, traditional food habits and food preferences. Food service system and their development, organization, classification and management. Food production systems: types, equipment, floor planning and layout. Procedures and method of purchasing food commodities. Store room management: ordering, receiving, inventorying and issuing. Food and beverage cost control: factors affecting cost control, records of control, cash transactions, control of food sales, receiving controls, menu costing and pricing, standardized of recipes daily production and sales control, production planning and scheduling, analysis of break-even-point.

TOU.3111 ACCOMMODATIONS MANAGEMENTScience of accommodation: scientific analysis of practical problems in the use of floor coverings, soft furnishings and upholstery material; Properties of surfaces; Cleaning and their maintenance; Effects of policies and other materials on surfaces; Cleaning and disinfection of catering facilities and equipment; Various cleaning methods and material; identification of various products used in cleaning and disinfection including their advantages and disadvantages; Proper care of drainage systems and refuse disposal systems; Methods and procedures used in laundering various

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housekeeping articles such as linen, table covering and accessories, drapes/upholstery and soft furnishing; Cleaning methods and procedures applicable to floors, windows, and walls; Proper care and attention to household plants; Application of appropriate heating, ventilation and illumination in hospitality establishments.

TOU.3112 TOUR OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTTour motivations and the vacation decision – making process, Incentive tours. Knowledge of Tour Planning, Product Development in relation to our marketing. Designing, preparation and costing of tour circuits and itineraries. Conducting of tours, accommodation reservations; tour, travel and transport procedures. Understanding of the major economic, socio-cultural and environmental factors influencing the tour operating industry knowledge of public relations in relation to a tour operator, Tour operation law. In particular the tasks and responsibilities of a tour operator Contracting: Knowledge of - the major and concepts associated with tour operating law Contracts made between the wholesaler and the producers Economics: understanding of the economics of tour operating Technology; Understanding of major technological developments in the tour operating industry Research.

TOU.3113 TRAVEL OPERATIONS MANAGEMENTInsight into the various modes of travel; water transportation, land and air transportation, knowledge of the growth of the travel industry and the current trends of different modes of travel and especially the airline industry. Marketing issues in relation to the various modes of travel, International travel policies and laws; Operations management in relation to travel and transportation. Travel Facility Management; Insight into transport terminal management and marketing. Planning and Logistics in travel. Impact of liberalization and deregulation on the travel industry in Uganda.

TOU.3114 TRANSPORT IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENTOverview of transport systems; centrality of transport in tourism; transport trends and the tourism sector; modes of transport versus visitor types, modal choice and competition; Transport routes and networks; connectivity considerations and tourism; tourism flows and gravity models, the shrinking world and tourism, Globalization and regionalization of the airline and railway industries; Urban and rural transport (accessibility and mobility, passenger versus private transport, rural transport problems in developing countries; transportation systems in urban areas, etc); Travel and tourism surveys (transport research for tourism); Sustainable transportation planning and policies for tourism.

TOU.3201 TOURISM ECONOMICSEquilibrium of the firm and industry. Basic characteristics of demand and supply. Market structures (monopoly, perfect competition, oligopoly, monopolistic competition). Factor markets and income distribution, production function and cost function. Resource supply and factor market equilibrium. Factor employment equilibrium and elementary theory of distribution. General equilibrium and welfare economics. Input-output analysis. Classical macro economic model. Kaynesian model. The demand and supply of money, including liquidity preference and interest rate determination. Consumer behavior. Investment theory. Theory of economic growth. Business circles. International aspects of macro-economic theory (targets and instruments of macro economic policy). Economic development. Problems and measurement of economic development; strategies of economic development. Micro-economic indicators and social-well being; impact on tourism and recreation. National and international laws governing tourism; duty, customs; import and export laws, immigration laws. Need for policy; evolution of policy in specified countries. Sport and recreation policy and linkage with tourism. Tourism is an invisible industry. Tourism as

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a national asset and liability; cost analysis of the tourism industry. National and international political influences, revenue, tariffs, taxes, tourism products. Supply and demand economics with regard to tourism. Tourism investment, financing and amenity values. Role of multinational corporations in tourism,

GEO.3208 FIELD COURSE, RESEARCH PROJECT AND INTERNSHIPDuring the course, students will undertake a minimum of three (3) compulsory academic field trips (to be conducted in or out of the semester and preferably in each academic year). The purpose of the academic field trips will be to enhance the students’ practical skills and knowledge about planning, management and operations of Tourism sites/facilities/services. The field trips will also act as a learning experience as they will in reality expose students to the general tourism, travel/tour issues.

The research project represents an independent but guided tourism research that is problem-solving oriented. Students should orderly investigate a defined tourism related problem using scientific research methods and techniques. The project must demonstrate ability to develop the research problem, review the literature, use of relevant methodology, presentation of results and appropriate use of illustrations, the argument and conclusions. The project will be undertaken with the supervision of the lecturer chosen by the department. The project will commence at the beginning of the second semester of second year and must be accomplished with completion on the end of course industrial training. The project will culminate into a written report dissertation of between 5,000 – 10,000 words.

Industrial attachment/Internship will give opportunity to the student to put into practice the skills acquired over the entire period of training. During the industrial attachment period students will be required to prepare a small internship report. Students will also be supervised by their trainers and University tourism staff.

TOU.3202 TOURISM MARKETING SYSTEMSMarketing as the key function of meeting customer needs and competitive threats. Key marketing policy decisions-products, pricing, promotion and advertising and the distribution of goods and services in domestic and international markets. Marketing research and information its acquisition and analysis as the basis for the marketing strategies and decisions managing the marketing function planning, organizing and control. Case studies from different industries and markets to give course participants the opportunity to apply the concepts studied. Attitudes of tourists and local people. Market analysis and market strategies. Psychology, designing and layout. Market targeting.

TOU.3203 TOURISM PROJECT PLANNING AND MANAGEMENTTypes of tourism projects and programmes, Project planning, Project Development, Project Evaluation, implementation, monitoring and assessment, An overview and critique of procedures and methods used in planning economic and social development projects in developing countries; the focus is on the generic “project cycle” including the various stages: identification, preparation and formulation, design, feasibility analysis, financial and technical appraisal, selection among the alternative project proposals; Project management, monitoring and control, project evaluation and management of both economic investment projects seeking to promote social change and economic growth with social equity and environmental responsibility.

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TOU.3204 HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IIEqual Opportunities, Selection and Recruitment Management, Human Resource Development and Training, compensation, Benefits, Pay Systems, Incentives Schemes, Employee Security and Safety, Labour Economics, Planning and budgeting for Human Resource, Personnel Department, Disciplinary Systems and Procedures Management, Performance Appraisal and Evaluation, Communication and Interpersonal Skills, Decision Making and Problem solving, Delegation and Team Building, Leadership, Motivation, Conflict Resolution and Management, Instituting Change in an Organization, Planning for Change, Employer’s Rights and Obligations, Labour Laws, Staff Regulations and Employment Contracts, Gender issues in Employment, Trade Unions, public Service Regulations and Procedures, Basic Elements in Statistics for Human Resource Management, Test of Significance, Regression Analysis (Simple and Multiple). TOU.3205 URBAN TOURISM AND HERITAGE SITES MANAGEMENTThe structure of Urban and heritage sites tourism (attractions, facilities, infrastructure, transportation and hospitality). Inventorying urban tourism attractions/ products (issues of concern would be: scope, types, ownership, accessibility, permanency, trends, etc). Heritage tourism resources inventorying (scope, types, ownership, accessibility, etc). Understanding an urban and heritage oriented tourist (needs, desires and motives). Inner city tourism versus peri-urban tourism. Urban heritage sites versus upcountry heritage sites. Recent trends in urban tourism (theme parks, urban nature trails, etc). Development and design of urban tourism and heritage sites itineraries. Planning and management of urban tourism and heritage sites in developing countries (principles, issues of concern, strategies, possibilities and challenges). A look at urban tourism and heritage sites tourism in Uganda (potentialities, possibilities and challenges).

TOU.3206 CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN TOURISM DEVELOPMENTTheories of conflict resolution. Communication and negotiation (the features and process of communication, the importance of clear communication to conflict resolution, good presentation and listening skills, etc). Conflict resolution (philosophy, foundations, processes and procedures). Alternative dispute resolution procedures and its relevance to the tourism profession. Planning and conflict resolution(conflict management skills and the planning process, etc). Developing consensus (group decision making, sustaining agreements, the role of facilitators, etc). Mediation processes (possibilities and challenges). Conflict resolution and protected and conservation area management

TOU.3207 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSIntroduction to international relations (evolution, its nature, theories of state of society). Foreign policy and the social making. The realistic theory of international relations – classical and modern theories. Interdependence and transnationalism. Intergration theory(or beyond the nation state). Structural and dependence theories. Normative issues in international relations. International relations and tourism

GEO.3207 GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS IN TOURISM Review the major functions of GIS (Spatial data capture, storage manipulation and visualization). Applied GIS functionalities for spatial data management and handling. Applied GIS functionalities for spatial data processing and analysis covering aspects like classifications, overlay operations, neighborhood and interpolation operations and remote sensing and photo and image analysis. Decision making under a GIS and Tourism Planning and Management with emphasis on modeling, simulations and suitability analysis through a case studies.Tourism Case studies in the based on the specialization options for students will be conducted. These case studies will covers specialized areas like; Itinerary Design and Routing of Tours, Conflict Management in Protected Areas, Tourism forecasting to mention a few.

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TOU.3209 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES MANAGEMENTKey concepts (tourism, recreation, leisure and recreation resources). Inventory of recreation facilities, recreation land use and recreation activities (the potentiality approach). The demand for recreation (actual, latent and potential). Analysis and evaluation of recreation resources, facilities and activities. Approaches to land evaluation for recreation (the recreation approach, the tourism approach and the conservation approach). Interpretability of land/physical suitability (scenic, water, shores, forest, roadsides, etc). Types of recreation facilities in Uganda; hunting, fishing, horse raiding, various games and sports. Community centers, libraries, playgrounds and how these are managed.

TOU.3210 SPORTS AND EVENTS TOURISMAn international, regional and country overview of sport and events tourism. Sports and events in Uganda and East Africa. Analysis of potential sports and events for tourism development. Investigating the relationship between sport and events in the development of tourism. Tourism and the development of sports and events, the economic impacts of sport and event tourism, The socio-cultural impact of sport tourism, Administrative and policy issues, Sport tourism in the twenty-first century, The impact of big international sports events on tourism.

TOU.3211 STRATEGIC PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT Characteristics and levels of strategy; operational management/strategic management; strategic management process and methods; dialectical inquiry and team-based management; benchmarking and deeming cycle; program evaluation and review techniques (PERT). Strategy Development – patterns of strategies (intended, realized, emergent, opportunistic and imposed: strategic decision making process; paradigm and strategic drift. Acceptability of strategy – Profitability and cost benefit analysis; Strategy and planning – resource allocation (corporate and business level); resource plan (finances and number of employees); structural design (centralization, coordination and control); structural types of organization. Strategic Change – change (process, needs, managing the process, barriers and unfreezing); change agent (characteristics and key competencies); successful change management and; levels at which ethical issues are made feasibility and acceptability); portfolio analysis; life cycle analysis and value chain; methods of screening strategic options (ranking, decision trees and scenario’s).

TOU.3212 TOUR GUIDING AND LEADERSHIP SKILLS General overview (general knowledge about tourism systems, tourism products, tourism services, tourism facilities and amenities, etc); Qualities of a Professional tour guide (service oriented, cross-cultural awareness, positive approach and relationship, professional appearance, stress management, etc); Communications skills in tour guiding and leadership (Clarity, good listening, non-verbal communication or body language, responding to questions, preparing and delivery of commentaries, Procedures for planning for, managing/conducting and leading a tour (the plan, reservations, itinerary, adherence to the itinerary, arrivals and departures, etc); Skills relating to game viewing, game drives, nature trails/walking safaris, wilderness and scenic spots, mountain climbing, bird watching, etc. Issues and principles of driving vehicles (issues relating to the car, the driver, the co-driver, the passengers, other road users). Problem solving principles and skills during tours (managing difficult situations, handling complaints, handling emergencies, what of lost clientele or clientele’s property, etc).

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TOU.3213 TRANSPORT SYSTEMS MANAGEMENTOverview of transport systems management; transport paradigm shifts; transport management issues (operational characteristics, transportation problems, routing scheduling techniques, etc); Information systems and communications in transport; Marketing and customer relations in transport; Quality management systems; sustainable transportation planning for tourism; fundamentals of transportation planning and management.

TOU.3214 TRANSPORT ORGANIZATIONS AND POLICIESOverview of transport; overview of transport organizations; transport and the role of governments and private sector; major transportation organizations (national e.g UTODA, CAA, etc, International e.g ICAO, IATA, IUPT, AAA, etc), Transport policy issues. Evolution of transport policies, The nature and objectives of transport policies; Instruments of transport policies, Transport liberalization, deregulation and competition and their impact on tourism; Mergers, acquisitions, partnerships and market concentrations in the transport sector.

TOU.3215 TRANSPORT LAWS AND REGULATIONS The need for Transport laws and regulations, the relationship between transport laws and regulations and transport policies (bridging the gaps); evolution of transport laws; transport regulations (nature, safety, mode, etc); major transportation agreements (regional and international agreements e.g the Chicago convention 1944, the Yamoussoukro agreement, the open skies agreement, etc); Transport laws and regulations relating to safety, security, efficiency, user and provider rights, etc; transport laws and regulations in Uganda and implications for the tourism sector.

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