If you can't read please download the document
Upload
dougal
View
28
Download
1
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment. Main Ideas of Enlightenment Science Before the 1500’s “Natural Philosophers” did not make observations themselves but instead relied on ancient authorities (especially Aristotle). This slowly began to change as - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
Slide 1
Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment
Main Ideas of Enlightenment Science Before the 1500s Natural
Philosophers did not make observations themselves but instead
relied on ancient authorities (especially Aristotle). This slowly
began to change as People began to question Church science When
things didnt make sense, people wanted to find out how things
worked for themselves. Gutenbergs Printing Press spread new ideas -
Ideas laid the foundation for a modern worldview based on
rationalism and secularism (wanted things to made sense and be
explainable) - Enlightenment intellectuals advocated individual
rights, paving the way for the rise of democracy - People were
interested in studying mans concept of his place in the universe
changes - New philosophies bring about social change
Changes is thought After the 95 Thesis of Luther, it was more acceptable to question the Catholic Church (but NOT OK with the church) It was believed that the only way to know something was true was to use your own senses to see, hear, etcit for yourself Separation of Sciences/specialization (individuals began work on one or a few areas instead of trying to know everythingno more Renaissance men) view of the clockwork universe. God is a clockmaker.
There were 3 thoughts of how the universe worked. Two of which
were against the Catholic Church and could therefore get you killed
for heresy.
The thoughts of Ptolemy (from ancient Rome) geocentric- the
Earth was round and was the center of the universe universe is a
series of concentric spheres (like jelly containing planets,
asteroids, etc the spheres move around the Earth
The Thoughts of Copernicus- Poland 1473-1543 Heliocentric- the
sun was the center of the universe and the planets revolve around
itStars are set in place and do not move. believed the sun
contained God Humans are no longer the center of the
universe
Copernicus was a mathematician, astronomer, physician, classical
scholar, translator, Catholic cleric, jurist, governor, military
leader, and economist. Astronomy was just a hobby for him.and he
changed the world through it!
Johann Keplers beliefs on the Universe Heliocentric- sun
centered paths of orbit are elliptical instead of circular
perfectly predicted planetary motions
Galileo Galilei Provided the evidence that clinched the Copernican-Keplerian view of the universe used the telescope to systematically study the heavens, discovered that while the planets orbit the sun the moon actually orbits the earth, and many other moons orbit other planets. was charged with heresy by the Catholic Church
New Number Systems began to be acceptedCalculate this:MDMCXLVII x CCCLXXIII
- Roman numerals were difficult to deal with - The adoption of
Arabic numerals (which were actually Hindu) in the Middle Ages
enabled the calculations which led to Ptolemys model being
overthrown
Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes
Bacon
Descartes
Believed that Nothing should be accepted until it is proven to be
true. The only truth that you can accept is that you are alive. I
think, therefore I am.
Isaac Newton Published Mathematical Principles of Natural
Philosophy (Principia Mathematica) Defined three laws of motion
that governed the universeAn object at rest will stay at rest and
an object in motion will stay in motion until acted upon by an
outside forceetc Universal law of gravitation= every object in the
universe is attracted to another object by gravity (this explains
the elliptical orbits of the planets) Invented calculus (along with
Leibniz)