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SCIENCE POLICY IN CROATIA Franjo Ranogajec Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia. Facts about Croatia. Geopolitics. Location:. Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia (45 N, 15,5 E). Area:. 56,542 km 2. Population:. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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SCIENCE POLICY IN CROATIASCIENCE POLICY IN CROATIA
Franjo RanogajecFranjo Ranogajec
Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia
Facts about CroatiaFacts about CroatiaFacts about CroatiaFacts about Croatia
Location: Southeastern Europe, bordering the Adriatic Sea, between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Slovenia (45 N, 15,5 E)
Area: 56,542 km2
4,44 mil. (2001)Population:
Geopolitics
Capital: Zagreb, 970.000 (region)
Capital ZagrebCapital ZagrebCapital ZagrebCapital ZagrebCity of Zagreb is cultural , scientific,economic, political and administrativecenter of the Republic of Croatia.
R & D and higher education sector in Croatia consists of:
• 26 public institutes, • 13 private scientific institutions, • 6 technology and research development centers, • 11 research centers in industry, • 1 military research center, • 7 universities • 16 public colleges and polytechnics.
The Ministry of Science, Education and Sports and the National Science Council monitor the development and quality of R & D sector.
The Research and The Research and Development (R & D)Development (R & D) sector sector
Research potential (Sept 2006):
• 3232 Masters of Science, • 5780 Doctors of Scinece, • 1989 other researchers,
Industry and private companies employ• 2705 Masters of Science,• 976 Doctors of Science
The Research and The Research and Development (R & D)Development (R & D) sector sector
● Increasing investments into research and development, and their efficiency
● Restructuring Croatia’s science system
● Strengthening cooperation between science, government and industry in the creation of new knowledge and goods
● Increasing participation of Croatian scientists and other bodies in EU Framework Programmes
Main objectives of science Main objectives of science policypolicy
Increasing investments into R&D Increasing investments into R&D and their efficiencyand their efficiency
● preparation of a national action plan based on 3% allocation at GDP level
● refinement of the structure of existing funds’ use
● annual increase of funds for R&D at the rate of at least 25%
● ensure conditions for constant funds inflow to the National Foundation for Science, Higher Education and Technological Development (NFS) and focus NFS investments into most prominent research
● new expert systems for evaluation of projects and programmes, based on the model of European countries, which would enable greater transparency of scientific research to the public
● increase of investment into capital and medium equipment, renewal of the research infrastructure
● establishment of legal framework as well as financial / tax regulations that would encourage investment into science, research and human resources
● establishing financial and tax regulations that would stimulate public & private partnerships
Increasing investments into R&D Increasing investments into R&D and their efficiency-2and their efficiency-2
Restructuring Croatia’s science Restructuring Croatia’s science systemsystem
● programmes for raising awareness on the significance and influence of science and research to society development (through educational system, media and special activities)
● interlinking of the research infrastructure with the purpose of more efficient use of potential (centers of excellence)
● clustering of existing scientific projects into integrated scientific programmes with the aim of creating internationally recognized and competitive centers of excellence - to join the European network of scientists and businesses
Restructuring Croatia’s science Restructuring Croatia’s science system-2system-2
● scientific profiling and integrating of universities, mainly ones outside of Zagreb, according to the needs of balanced regional development of Croatia
● reform of doctoral studies into efficient 3rd cycle research studies, which in a given period (3-5 years) promote the student to a science doctorate (Ph.D.)
● redefining the mission, role and manner of institutes’ management, and reform of institutes with the aim of stronger orientation towards national research priorities
● refining the system of transfer and application of scientific results
● education of youth in the spirit of creativity, curiosity and desire to attain new knowledge
Strengthening cooperationStrengthening cooperation between sicence, government and between sicence, government and
industry in the creation of new industry in the creation of new knowledge and goodsknowledge and goods
● creating financial instruments to encourage collaboration between researchers and R&D institutions with the public sector and business
● Creating a legal frame that would enable flexibility and appeal of the science labor market, enable tighter cooperation of higher education institutions, institutes, industry and public administration bodies, as well as employment of foreign scientists in the system and of Croatian scientists from abroad, respectively facilitate transfer of knowledge from top-level foreign S&T institutions
Strengthening cooperationStrengthening cooperation between sicence, government and between sicence, government and
industry in the creation of new industry in the creation of new knowledge and goods-2knowledge and goods-2
● Systematic stimulation to gradually increase R&D personnel share in industry and public administration bodies
● Positive legal and financial measures with the purpose of increasing the number of junior researchers and highly specialized experts in the enterprise sector
Croatian scientists and EU Croatian scientists and EU Framework ProgrammesFramework Programmes
● Developing measures of co-financing and stimulating bonuses for cooperation in EU programmes (points for promotion, assigning of extra resources – early stage researchers and equipment, stimulative co-financing of project preparation and bonuses for accomplishments)
● Active support for establishing and operating of national technology platforms and their integration into European technological platforms
● Establishing an agency for European programmes and significantly increasing the nubmer and competence of professional staff for helping clients
Goal: Increasing participation
Croatian scientists and EU Croatian scientists and EU Framework Programmes-2Framework Programmes-2
● Development of strong departments for international cooperation within universities and institutes
● Intensive programmes of knowledge transfer and training for a broad user base
● Upgrade of the existing database of Croatian scientific potential
Goal: Increasing participation
National inovation systemNational inovation system
● Competent human resources and continuous professional development
● Strong scientific and research base at the universities and research institutions
● Availability of appropriate technology and business infrastructure to support creation of knowledge-based enterprises
● Targeted support programmes which provide early-stage financing to knowledge-based companies
The strengthening of the national innovation system can be achieved through:
National inovation system-2National inovation system-2
● A strong intellectual property regime to provide incentives for invention
● Stimulative tax policy to spur investment into R&D
● Positive business environment with low regulatory barriers for enterpreneurs and investors, which equals lower costs and a faster road to markets
● Promotion of public confidence in science and technology as well as innovation awareness
The strengthening of the national innovation system can be achieved through:
Objectives Objectives for Promoting Business Innovation and for Promoting Business Innovation and
Technology DevelopmentTechnology DevelopmentThe Government has identified six priority objectives:
1. Promote creation and growth of knowledge-based enterprises
2. Create technology infrastructure to support knowledge-based SMEs and technology-based start-ups
3. Stimulate demand for R&D from business
4. Manage intellectual property
5. Diversify funding sources for R&D, attract private sector investments and create risk capital industry
6. Promote public confidence in science and innovation awareness
Scientific Scientific PProjects in Croatia rojects in Croatia FFinanced by the Minanced by the MSESSES (2005) - (2005) -
FieldsFieldsField No of projects % Kn %
Natural sciences 317 17.6 30,915,000 24.5
Engineering 345 19.1 22,889,000 18.1
Biomedicine 437 24.2 35,580,000 28.1
Biotechnology 174 9.7 12,208,000 9.7
Social sciences 260 14.4 12,188,000 9.6
Humanities 270 15.0 12,639,000 10.0
Total 1,803 100 126,419,00 100
Long-term Priorities of Croatian Long-term Priorities of Croatian S&TS&T
● Knowledge-driven Basic Research● Environment Protection and Economy, Develompment
of Karst Regions, Adriatic Coast, Sea and Islands● Agriculture, Biotechnology, Food● Health ● Information and Communication Technologies ● Nanoscience, New materials, Constructions and New
Production Processes● Energy:Alternative and Renewable Energy Resources,
Transport, Security● Social and Human Sciencies● Social Integration, Pedagogics and Education, Lifelong
(Permanent) Learning
Evaluation of Programs / Evaluation of Programs / ProjectsProjects
● Number and quality of scientific articles● Contribution of Program / Project to the
Development of Domicil Institution ● Greater Support to Interdisciplinary Programs /
Projects● Better Financing for the Programs / Projects
Between Universities and Public / Private Institutes, Among Institutes
● Greater Financing for the Inter-regional and Multi-regional Pograms / Projects
Sixth Framework Programme (2002 - 2006)
● Represents the main framework of activities in science, research and innovation on European level, and is the third largest item in EU budget: € 17.5 billion.
● 2002-2005 Croatia participates as a “third country”. ● Till now Croatian scientists participate in 68 projects, of
approx. value of € 5.9 million.
● 1 January 2006: Croatia became full member of FP6. Membership fee for 2006 is ca. € 6.6 million (around 50% was covered by pre -accession funds PHARE.
● Croatia direct participation was ca. € 3.2 million).
● Seventh Framework Programme (FP7, 2007-2013) - Focus is on excellence, budged of € 67.8 million.
Ruđer Bošković InstituteZagreb, Croatia
The name of the InsituteThe name of the Insitute
Josip Ruđer Bošković (1711, Dubrovnik – 1787, Milan)Working and living all around Europe (Rome, London, Paris, Vienna)
Theoria Philosohiae Naturalis1763, Venice
Activities: physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher
Influence on: Davy, Faraday, Maxwell, Thomson, Bohr
Ivan Meštrović, Croatian-American
1883 - 1962
Arial view of the IRB campusArial view of the IRB campus
IRB was founded in 1950.
IRBIRB campuscampus
IRBIRB todaytoday
Academic staffAcademic staff 296 – researches296 – researches 189 – Ph.D. Students189 – Ph.D. Students 28 - postdoctoral 28 - postdoctoral fellowsfellows
IRBIRB todaytodayRBI MiRBI Misssion :sion :
The mission of IRB is to provide the science expertise indispensable for the development, prosperity and well being of Croatia.
1.Excellence in fundamental research
Scientific output in 2005: 578 – research articles391 – papers in CC journals48 – B.Sc.33 – M. Sc. And Ph.D.
(5% of the total number of scientists in the country contribute 27% of all Croatian articles in CC journals)
IRBIRB todaytodayRBI MisRBI Misssion :ion :2. Substantial contribution in high education
80 undergraduate courses180 graduate coursesMr.sc. thesisPh.D. thesis
3. Development of new competitive technologies11 applied and technological projects (World bank, MZOS)
Every year IRB is the host of several important international conferences
IRBIRB todaytoday
The organisational The organisational structure of the RBIstructure of the RBI
Division of Materials Division of Materials ChemistryChemistry
● Laboratory for synthesis of new materials
● Laboratory for precipitation processes
● Laboratory for radiation chemistry and dosimetry
● Laboratory for solid state chemistry
● Laboratory for complex compounds chemistry
Laboratory for radiation chemistry and dosimetry
Laboratory for Radiation Laboratory for Radiation Chemistry and DosimetryChemistry and Dosimetry
2 projects – Ministry of Science, Education and Sport
Several international projects: IAEA, EU, Bilateral –Germany, Hungary, Japan, Slovenia, USA, etc.
Radiation
Chemistry Dosimetry
Protection Processing
Laboratory for Radiation Laboratory for Radiation Chemistry and DosimetryChemistry and Dosimetry
RADIATION DOSIMETRY
Dose range: Gy-kGy
Radiation: electromagnetic, electron, neutron, proton, heavy ions
Various methods: TL, RPL, various chemical dosimeters
based on chlorobenzene : developed in LRKD
ISO/ASTM Standard 51538
RADIATION DOSIMETRYRADIATION DOSIMETRYAdequate infrastructure
Irradiations: SSDL, panoramic 60Co source, etc
Various dosimetry systems: TL, RPL, chemical
Laboratory for Radiation Laboratory for Radiation Chemistry and DosimetryChemistry and Dosimetry
Laboratory staff:
8 scientists
5 Ph.D. students
5 technicians
The author is grateful to Chiyoda Technol Corporation, Japan for the support of participation