Science Iiiiiiiiiii

8/6/2019 Science Iiiiiiiiiii

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INTRODUCTION

Hi! Are you bored? My name is

Spongebobsquarepants.

Whats your name?

If you are, you should read this, its really fun.

I will be your instructor for this module. So will you be

my friend.

First I want you tell you about gas.

Well, gas is every were you cant see them but you can

feel them.

Did you know that gas is very vital to us human. For

example, if theres no gas we cant breath for short we

will die. Because the oxygen we breath is an example


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Wow, I fell alive. Do you fell the same way?

Now, because we have known each other lets start our

lesson.

LESSON I: PROPERTIES OF GASES

We will now discuss the properties of gas. The following are

the properties of gas.1.) Diffusion

A gas spreads throughout the space available to it.

Based from the illustration if you open gage the

molecules of gas spreads throughout.

Now you know what is diffusion let us move on.


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Wow that was really fun. How about you, are you enjoying

this? If not lets try this exercise:

From your right hand make a square shape, while the other

hand point you finger up and down. Now do them both at the same

time. Is that challenging.

Next property of gas is . . . . .

2.) Pressure of a GasA gas exert pressure.

Base from the illustration, you see that gas exert pressure its

because that gas produced force to spread the thoroughly.Do have some ideas about the illustration, if have please tell

me what it is. Dont be shy tell me.


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Are you still bored? Well dont be. I am sure that the

next topic well make you alive.

No more talking . . . I will tell you what is the next

property of gas.

3.)Expansibility of a Gas

A gas increases or decreases in volume as the

temperature rises or falls. In other words, a gas expands or

contracts as it become warm or cold.

Do you see the picture. What do you see? . . . . Thats

right, the balloon contract in the cold beaker while in the hot

beaker it expand.

Are you awake now? Good, do you have any more

questions. If there is no more let us move on.


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4.) Compressibility of a GasA gas can be reduced in volume (that is,

compressed) when pressure is applied on it.

What do you whats inside the container? Thats right it is agas. How much gas does it contain? Youre right again, there are many

gas inside the container. Why do you think so? Wow! Youre right

again, it is because there are compressed gas in the container.

Well that all that I know. You should research more about the

properties of gas.


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Doing some activity will make you alive. So do this activity . .

Activity no. 1

You will need these materials:

10 balloon (different in shapes) syringe

Hot and cold water air pump

Cologne Bottles

Set up no. 1

Put the hot and cold water in separate bottles. Put one

balloon in each container. Explain what happen to the balloons.

Set up no. 2Using the different shaped balloons put some air in the

balloons using the air pump. What does this means.

Set up no.3

Using the air pump put air to the balloons. Dont stop till the

balloon burst. What does this shows.

Set up no.4

Using a sprayer, spray the cologne far away. Did you smell

the cologne? Why that this happened?

Set up no. 5

Use a inflated balloon, then compress it after that graduallyuncompress it. Using the syringe, blocked the tip of and push the

pumper with all of your force. Explain what does it show.

Questions:

What are the properties of gas described each set up?


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Assessment No.1 :

We will see if you have learned something. Answer this

1.)

4.)

2.)

5.)

3.)

1.) A gas spreads 4.) Gas ________

throughout the space available 5.) ________

to it. when compresses.

2.) A gas can be reduced involume when pressure is applied

on it.3.)What happened if gas is

heated?

Wow! That was dozy. Im glad that was over.

Turn to page 24 to know your score.


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Let have some fun with our new topic . . . . .

Lesson II: Gas Law

Did you know that . . . . . .

Boyles law

Robert Boyle (1627-1691),is an English Chemist,

discovered in the Seventeenth century that at constant

temperature, the volume of a fixed mass of a gas is

inversely proportional to the gas pressure. This statementis known a Boyles Law. Mathematically, Boyles Law can

be written as

or P1V1=P2V2

Where: P1=Initial Pressure V1= Initial Volume

P2= New Pressure V2= New Volume


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This illustration means that if V1 decrease ,P2 increases

so thus V2 and P1.

Example:

A gas occupies a volumes of 575mL at a pressure of

742mmHg. If the pressure is reduced to 705mmHg at

constant temperature, what is the resulting volume of the

gas?

Given: V1=575mL P2=705mmHg

P1=742mmHg V2=?

Solution:

P2V2=P1V1 -Original formula

V2=(P1V1)/P2 -Transpose P2 to the other side

V2=(742mmHg X 575mL)/705mmHg Substitutes their

original value

V2=(426650mmHgmL)/705mmHg Multiply the

742mmH by 575mL and divide it

by 705mmHg while you cross

out the same unit

V2=605mL - is the resulting volume of thegas.

Now you know about the Boyles Law lets move on.


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The last time, you did great.

Here are another problem to solve . . . .

Assessment no.2

Direction: Find the unknown value.

1.) P1=715mmHg V1=600.0mL P2=698mmHg V2=?2.) P1=1.02atm V1=500.0mL V2=623.87mL P2=?3.) V1=0.534L P2=525mmHg V2=0.635L P1=?4.) P1=1atm V2=123mL P2=.5atm V1=?5.) P1=.25atm V2=536mL P2=.75atm V1=?Turn to page 24 to know you answer is correct.

Was that very easy? I now that was a piece of cake.


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Im sure that youll do fine in this new lesson.

B.) Charles Law

Jacques Charles (1746-1823), a French Chemist discovered in

1787 that at constant pressure, the volume of a given mass is

directly proportional to its absolute temperature. This law, known as

Charles Law is expressed mathematically as:

V1T2=T1v2

Where : T1=Initial Temperature V1= Initial VolumeT2= New Temperature V2= New Volume

Note: T(K)=T(0C)+273

Cold Hot

The picture shows that if the temperature decreases so thus

the volume and if the temperature increases so thus the volume.


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Example:

A sample of oxygen gas occupies a volume of 1,80L at 250C.

If the pressure is held constant, what volume does the gas occupy

at 30oC?

Given: V1= 1.80L T1=25oC+273=298K

T2=30oC+273=303K V2=?

Solution:

V1T2=T1V2 -Original Formula

V2=(V1T2)/ T1 -Transform to the formula to

get V2 (Substitutes T1 tothe other side of the

equation)

V2=(1.80L X 303K)/298K -Substitutes the value to their

equivalent

V2=(545.40LK)/298K -Multiply the 1.80L by 303K

V2=(545.40LK)/298K -Divide the product by 298K

and cross out the same

units.

V2=1.83L - The volume does the gas

occupy at 30oC

Im so happy that you have done well.


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Assessment No 3.

Direction: Solve the problem.

A sample of nitrogen gas occupies a volume of 2.50L at

25OC. If the pressure is held constant, what volume does the gas

occupy at 35OC?

Turn to page 24 to see answer.


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Wow, its a great day. What do you think? Now we

will have a new topic for today. And it is . . . .

C. Amontons Law

Amontons Law, named after Guillaume Amontons,

states that at constant volume, the pressure of a given mass

of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

This statement can be written mathematically as:

or P1/T1=P2/T2

Where : T1=Initial Temperature P1= Initial PressureT2= New Temperature P2= New Pressure



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Example:

A steel tank contains an amount of helium gas at

25OC and 1.02atm. To what temperature in OC should the

tank be subjected so that the pressure would increase to

1.30atm?

Given: T1=25Oc + 273 = 298K P2=1.30atm

P1=1.02atm T2=?

Solution:

P2/T2=P1/T1 -Original Formula

T2=(T1P2)/ P1 -Transform to theformula to get T2

(Substitutes P1 to the

other side of the

equation)

T2=(1.30atm X 298K)/1.02atm-Substitutes the value

to their

equivalent

T2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Multiply the 1.80L by

303K

T2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Divide the product by

298K and cross out

the same units.

T2=380K-273=107OC - The volume does the

gas occupy at 30oC

Bravo. . .bravo . . .you have done well. I think that

youre a genius.


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Assessment No.4

Direction: Answer the following questions.

1.) According to Amontons, what is the relation betweenpressure and temperature?

2.) What is the name of the scientist that studied about therelationship between pressure and temperature?

3.) Give the formula for the Amontons Law?4.) What is constant variable in Amontons Law?5.) What does P1 stand for?



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D.) Combined Gas Law

Combined Gas Law states that the volume of a fixed mass

of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature and

inversely proportional to its pressure. Mathematically, the law can

be expressed as:

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

Where : T1=Initial Temperature P1= Initial Pressure

T2= New Temperature P2= New PressureV1= Initial Volume V2= New Volume



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Example:

Dry air is injected into 9.00mL cylinder at a temperature of

23OC under a pressure of 735mmHg. The air is compressed

to7.00mL under a pressure of 1.20atm. What is the final

temperature of the gas inOC

Given:V1=9.00mL T1=23OC+273=296K

P1=735mmHg V2=7.00mL

P2=1.20atmX760mmHg/1atm=1.20X760mmHg=912mmHg

T2=?

Solution:

P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2 -Original Formula

T2=(T1P2V2)/ P1V1 -Transform to the

formula to get T2

(Substitutes P2 and V2 to

the other side of the

equation)

T2=(912mmHg X 296K X 7.00mL)/735mmHg X 9.00mL

-Substitutes the value

to their

equivalentT2=(380atmK)/1.02atm -Multiply the value of P2 ,

V2 ,T1 and also the value of

P1T1

T2=(1889664mmHgKmL)/6615mmHgmL

-Divide the product of P2 ,

V2 ,T1 by the product

ofP1T1 and cross out the

same units.

T2=286K-273=13OC - Is the final temperature of

the gas inOC

Excellent, you had understand well our topic.


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Assessment no.5

Direction: Answer the questions .

1.) According to Combined Gas Law, what is the relationbetween volume to pressure and temperature?

2.) What are the names of the scientist that studied aboutthe relationship between volume, pressure and

temperature?

3.) Give the formula for the Combined Gas Law?4.) What is constant variable in Combined Gas Law?5.) What does V1 stand for?


I think that you got perfect.


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Activity No.2

Directions:

Stand up. Then inhale, after that exhale. Do it 10

times.

Questions:

1.) Why is it if you inhale your chin is expanding?2.) And why is it if you exhale your chin fluctuate?3.) What does this means ?4.) After you the activity what is the relationship

between pressure and volume?

Was that fun? Im sure it is.


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Activity no. 5

Directions:

Get a balloon. Put an air to the balloon. Then put it

to the warm temperature and observe, after that put in the

cool place and observe.

Questions:

1.) What happened to the balloon after you put it toa warm place?

2.) What happened to the balloon after you put it toa cool place?

3.) What does this shows?Wow! You have done well.


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Activity no. 4

Direction:

Get an egg. Boil it, while boiling it measure the

temperature of the egg, then observe.

Questions:

1.) What is happing to the egg?2.) Why do you say so that the pressure of the egg is

rising?

3.) As the pressure is rising what happened thetemperature?

4.) What does this means?

Congratulation! You did great.


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Activity no. 3

Direction:

Get a balloon. Push the balloon inward then

gradually realise.

Questions:

1.) If you compress the balloon, what happen tothe pressure?

2.) If you compress the balloon, what happen tothe volume?

3.) What does this shows?

That was great. Did you enjoy this activity?

You did!


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Key to correctionAssessment no. 1 Assessment no.5

1.) Diffusion 1.) Inversely proportional to2.) Compressibility pressure and directly3.) Expand proportional to temperature.4.) Exert 2.) Robert Boyle and Jaques Cahrles5.) Pressure 3.)P1V1/T1=P2V2/T2

Assessment no.2 4.) none

1.) 614.62mL 5.) Initial Pressure2.) 0.81atm3.) 624.30mmHg4.)

61.5mL5.) 1,608mL

Assessment no.3

Given:

V1=2.50L P1=25OC+273=298K P2=30

OC+273=303K

V2=?

Solution

V1T2=T1V2

V2=(V1T2)/T1

V2=(2.50LX303K)/298K

V2=757.5LK/298K

V2=2.54L

Assessment no.4

1.) Directly proportional2.) Guillaume Amontons3.) P1/T2=P2/T24.) Volume5.) Initial pressure

Eureka! You got it all. Wow! You got perfect, you are a genius.


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S.I.M

(SIMPLIFIED

INSTRUCTIONALMATERIAL)

PREPARED BY:

SEAN G.CEZAR


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