SMK.Kompleks Mengabang Telipot

Healthy Eating Habits (Nutriens)

Name : Muhammad Shahril JuhaiziClass : 2A1Member : (1) Muhd.Shahril

(2) Muhd.Amirul Adli(3) Muhd Amero Syawal

FOOD CLASSES

There are few classes of food that we are eating like:

1. Protein2. Fats3. Carbohydrate

Analyzing the classes of food

Nutrition

Balanced diet

Classes of food

Digestion

Eating habits

sources Food test

Energy value

organsEnd

products

Defecati-on

absorption

Food is collected of chemicals taken for the following purposes

Provides energy for cellular activities Provide raw material for growth and repair of worn-out

tissues Keeps the organism healthy Keep the body warm Build new cells

Objective The objective is analyzing the classes of food and nutrition

that we are eating every single day.

Theme Title: nutrition

Nutrients

There are seven major classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, fats, fiber, minerals, protein, vitamins, and water.

These nutrient classes can be categorized as either macronutrients (needed in relatively large amounts) or micronutrients (needed in smaller quantities). The macronutrients are carbohydrates, fats, fiber, proteins, and water. The micronutrients are minerals and vitamins.

The macronutrients provide energy, which is measured in Joules or kilocalories called carbohydrates and proteins provide 17 kJ (4 kcal) of energy per gram, while fats provide 37 kJ (9 kcal) per gram.Vitamins, minerals, fiber, and water do not provide energy, but are necessary for other reasons.

Molecules of carbohydrates and fats consist of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. Carbohydrates range from simple glucose, fructose, galactose to complex starch.Fats are triglycerides, made of various fatty acid monomers bound to glycerol. Some fatty acids, but not all, are essential in the diet, they cannot be synthesized in the body. Protein molecules contain nitrogen atoms in addition to the elements of carbohydrates and fats. The nitrogen-containing monomers of protein are amino acids, and they include some essential amino acids. They fulfill many roles other than energy metabolism; and when they are used as fuel, getting rid of the nitrogen places a burden on the kidneys.

Most foods contain a mix of some or all of the nutrient classes. Some nutrients are required regularly, while others are needed only occasionally. Poor health can be caused by an imbalance of nutrients, whether an excess or a deficiency.

PROTEIN

Are large complex organic molecules which play diverse roles in living organisms. Proteins are made up of the elements carbon,hydrogen,oxygen and nitrogen.

Example: function:

Building new cell repair and replace damaged tissues for growth and supply energy

Chicken

Prawn almonds

fish

CARBOHYDRATE

Carbohydrate can be found in starchy food that can be used by

cells. The ration of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in onemolecule of carbohydrate is 2:1.

Example:

1) potatoes 2) rice 3) bread

FUNCTION:Building body strength, by generating energy. they are one among the three prominent macronutrients that serve as excellent energy providers, the other two being fats and proteins. Carbs intake can take place in different forms like sugar, starch and fibers.

Function:Supply the body with energy to walking,breathing and working

FATSConsists one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acid. It is divided into two types that we called saturated or unsaturated.

Example:

Margarine Cooking oil Cheese

Information Made out of the elements carbon,hydrogen and oxygen Vegetables facts:Liquids forms (Oil) Animal’s facts :Solid form Stored around the human organs or body

Function of fat: Supply twice energy than carbohydrate Dissolve vitamin A,D,E,K Protect internal organ Heat insulator

Rouphage or Fibre

Sources fruits and vegetable

Information Made up from cellulose from plant cell wall Fruits and vegetables are the main source of fibre Cannot be digested by human body Fibre absorbs water easily so that human feaces remain soft

and can pass easily from our body Also prevent constipation

VitaminsSources:

Type of vitamins water-B,C Fat soluble vitamins-A,D,E,K

Information Required in small quantities Organic compound

MineralsFuction:

Keep in good condition and healthy Needed in really minute quantities like

calcium,phosphorus,sulphur,potassium,chlorine, sodium magnesium and iron are needed in large quantities

Information Inorganic substance needed by our body for healthy growth

and development Likes vitamins:-

1. good for health2. required in small quantities3. does not provide energy

excess minerals are excreted through sweet and urine Lack of minerals will lead to mineral deficiency Human obtain there minerals through foods and drinks

Water Function:

Transport digested food Camies aways waste product Controls the concentration of the blood and the temperature

of the body as a medium for biochemical reactions in the body as lubricant

Information

About 70% our body is liquid (water) Main component for our blood and body fluid

Illnesses caused by improper nutrient consumption

Nutrients Deficiency Excess

Energy Starvation Obesity, diabetes mellitus,

Cardiovascular disease

Simple carbohydrates

none diabetes mellitus, Obesity

Complex carbohydrates

none Obesity

Saturated fat low sex hormone levelsCardiovascular disease (claimed by most doctors and nutritionists)

Trans fat none Cardiovascular Disease

Unsaturated fat

none Obesity

FatMalabsorption of Fat-soluble vitamins, Rabbit Starvation (If protien intake is high)

Cardiovascular Disease (claimed by some)

Omega 3 Fats Cardiovascular Disease Bleeding, Hemmorhages

Omega 6 Fats noneCardiovascular Disease, Cancer

Cholesterol noneCardiovascular disease (claimed by many)

Protein Marasmus Rabbit starvation

Sodium hyponatremiaHypernatremia, hypertension

Iron Anemia cirrhosis, heart disease

Iodine Goiter, hypothyroidismIodine Toxicity (goiter, hypothyroidism)

Vitamin AXerophthalmia and Night Blindness, low testosterone levels

Hypervitaminosis A (cirrhosis, hair loss)

Vitamin B1 Beri-Beri none

Vitamin B2Cracking of skin and Corneal Unclearation

none

Niacin Pellagradyspepsia, cardiac arrhythmias, birth defects

Vitamin B12 Pernicious Anemia

Vitamin C Scurvydiarrhea causing dehydration

Vitamin D RicketsHypervitaminosis D (dehydration, vomiting, constipation)

Vitamin E nervous disordersHypervitaminosis E (anticoagulant: excessive bleeding)