Schleibinger Testing Systems - Willkommen [email protected] [email protected] University of Ljubljana Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering Title Microsoft

COMPARISSON OF TWO COMPARISSON OF TWO COMPARISSON OF TWO RHEOMETERS USED FOR RHEOMETERS USED FOR RHEOMETERS USED FOR

MEASURING RHEOLOGICAL MEASURING RHEOLOGICAL MEASURING RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES OF PROPERTIES OF SCCsSCCsSCCs

Andraž Hočevar, Franci Kavčič, Igmat d.d.Violeta Bokan-Bosiljkov, UL FGG

University of LjubljanaFaculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering

"Rheology of Building Materials", Regensburg, March, 06-07, 2013 2 | 25

OUTLINEOUTLINEOUTLINE

� Introduction

� Rheometers

� Test program

� Results

� Conclusions

� Acknowledgment


INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

� Aim of the study was to compare rheometers

� “Mix by mix” comparison

� Evaluation of number of repetitions

� Comparison of time dependent behavior

� Comparison with workability method


RHEOMETERSRHEOMETERSRHEOMETERS

� ConTec Viscometer 5

� Outer cylinder radius, Ro = 145 mm

� Inner cylinder radius, Ri = 100 mm

� Height of the cylinder, h = 100 mm



� ConTec Viscometer 5


� Inner cylinder radius, Ri = 100 mm




� ICAR Rheometer


� Inner cylinder radius, Ri = 63.5 mm




� ICAR Rheometer


� Inner cylinder radius, Ri = 63.5 mm



TEST PROGRAMTEST PROGRAMTEST PROGRAM

� 12 different SCC mixtures (40 liters)� Rheology and slump flow at times 0 min, 20 min, 40

min and 60 min after end of mixing� Mixing procedure (5 min):

� Dry constituents - 1 min� Half of the water, 0.3 l of water with diluted liquid

admixtures, rest of the water - 1 min (while mixing)� Mixing for another - 3 min


TEST PROGRAM TEST PROGRAM TEST PROGRAM --- mixturesmixturesmixtures

* Percentage of binder (cement+limestone filler)

0.350.300.250.200.10--VA (%) *

0.700.700.700.700.700.700.70SP1 (%) *

-66.5116.5166.5216.5216.5216.5LIMESTONE FILLER (kg)

924886858830802839875FINE AGG. (kg)

726696674652630659688COARSE AGG. (kg)

232232232232232208184WATER (kg)

0.580.580.580.580.580.520.46V/C

400400400400400400400CEM I 42,5 R (kg)

SCCM3SCCM3SCCM2SCCM1SCCR3SCCR2SCCR1


TEST PROGRAM TEST PROGRAM TEST PROGRAM --- mixturesmixturesmixtures

* Percentage of binder (cement+limestone filler)** Volume for the composition of the concrete is different than 1 m3

1.151.151.151.151.15SP2 (%) *

216.5216.5216.5216.5216.5LIMESTONE FILLER (kg)

835835835835835FINE AGG. (kg)

656656656656656COARSE AGG. (kg)

218198203213208WATER (kg)

********0.52V/C

400400400400400CEM I 42,5 R (kg)

SCC4DSCC4CSCCR4BSCCR4ASCCR4



� Measuring procedure:� Containers filled at the mixer� Moved to rheometers positions� Remixed with flat rod before each measurement� 3 repetitions at every time interval� Return to mixer till next time interval, remix



� Calculation of fundamental results� Shear thickening behavior observed� Bingham model on bottom 4 points

−

=

i

o

oi

R

Rh

RRT

ln4

1122

0

πτ

SRRh oi

111

8

1222

−=

πµ

T = intersectionS = slope


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– mix by mixmix by mixmix by mix

� Mixture SCCR1 had a slump flow of 370 mm

� Not really a SCC

� Excluded from analysis


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– mix by mixmix by mixmix by mix

Yield stress

0

30

60

90

120

150

SC

CR

2

SC

CR

3

SC

CM

1

SC

CM

2

SC

CM

3

SC

CM

4

SC

CR

4

SC

CR

4A

SC

CR

4B

SC

CR

4C

SC

CR

4D

Yie

ld s

tress

(Pa

)

400

450

500

550

600

650

700

750

800

850

900

Slu

mp

flo

w (

mm

)

ConTec Viscometer 5 - 1 ConTec Viscometer 5 - 2ConTec Viscometer 5 - 3 ConTec Viscometer 5 - avg

ICAR Rheometer - 1 ICAR Rheometer - 2ICAR Rheometer - 3 ICAR Rheometer - avg

Slump flow


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– mixmixmix bybyby mixmixmix

Plastic viscosity

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

SC

CR

2

SC

CR

3

SC

CM

1

SC

CM

2

SC

CM

3

SC

CM

4

SC

CR

4

SC

CR

4A

SC

CR

4B

SC

CR

4C

SC

CR

4D

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty (

Pa

s)

ConTec Viscometer 5-1 ConTec Viscometer 5-2

ConTec Viscometer 5-3 ConTec Viscometer 5-avg

ICAR Rheometer-1 ICAR Rheometer-2

ICAR Rheometer-3 ICAR Rheometer-avg


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– numbernumbernumber ofofof repetitionsrepetitionsrepetitions

µτ0

0.6780.684At least 2, removebad measurements

0.7260.4363

0.7030.2832

0.6140.0481

R2Number ofrepetitions



Yield values

y = 1,1682x - 9,1328

R2 = 0,6843

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 20 40 60 80 100

ConTec yield value (Pa)

ICA

R y

ield

val

ue (

Pa)



Plastic viscosities

y = 1,0967x + 4,741

R2 = 0,6777

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

ConTec plastic viscosity (Pas)

ICA

R p

last

ic v

isco

sity

(P

as)


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– timetimetime (SCCR2)(SCCR2)(SCCR2)

Yield value

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

[Pa

]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700 Slu

mp

Flo

w

[mm

]

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow

Yield value - normalized

0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

no

rma

lize

d

0,0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1,5 Slu

mp

flo

w -

no

rma

lize

d

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow

Plastic viscosity

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

[Pa

*s]

ConTec

ICAR

Plastic viscosity - normalized

0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

no

rma

lize

d ConTec

ICAR


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– timetimetime (SCCR4B)(SCCR4B)(SCCR4B)

Yield value

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

[Pa

]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700 Slu

mp

flo

w

(mm

)

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow


0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

no

rma

lize

d

0,0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1,5

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow

Plastic viscosity

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

[Pa

*s]

ConTec

ICAR


0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

no

rma

lize

d ConTec

ICAR


RESULTS RESULTS RESULTS ––– timetimetime (SCCM3)(SCCM3)(SCCM3)

Yield value

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

[Pa

]

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800 Slu

mp

flo

w

(mm

)

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow


0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Yie

ld v

alu

e -

no

rma

lize

d

0,0

0,3

0,6

0,9

1,2

1,5

ConTec

ICAR

Slump flow

Plastic viscosity

0

50

100

150

200

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

[Pa

]

ConTec

ICAR


0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

time [min]

Pla

stic

vis

cosi

ty -

no

rma

lize

d ConTec

ICAR


RHEOLOGY RHEOLOGY RHEOLOGY --- WORKABILITYWORKABILITYWORKABILITY

Yield value - slump flow

y = -2,8238x + 792,9

R2 = 0,5904

y = -2,0042x + 755,77

R2 = 0,5931

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

Yeld value (Pa)

Slu

mp

flow

(m

m)

ConTecICAR

Plastic viscositiy - slump flow

y = -5,3348x + 825,09R2 = 0,4026

y = -4,9557x + 851,25R2 = 0,6166

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Plastic viscosity (Pas)S

lum

p flo

w (m

m)

ConTec

ICAR


CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

� In “mix by mix” analysis we observe similar trends for both rheometers with a few points visually standing out

� We recommend measuring at least 3 times so we can eliminate possible bad results

� We observe similar time behavior of SCC with both rheometers

� We must be careful at measurements at time 0 min, normalizing is very sensitive to this point

� Correlation between rheology and workability is similar for both rheometers


ACKNOWLEDGMENTACKNOWLEDGMENTACKNOWLEDGMENT

� Operation was partly financed by the European Union, European Social Fund.

� At this point authors would also like to thank students Jože and Danijel who helped with experimental work during their diploma work.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!ATTENTION!ATTENTION!

[email protected]@[email protected]

University of LjubljanaFaculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering

Documents

Schleibinger Testing Systems - Willkommen [email protected] [email protected] University of Ljubljana Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering Title Microsoft