SBBI4303 Environmental Biology %5BWorksheet%5D

8/19/2019 SBBI4303 Environmental Biology %5BWorksheet%5D

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Matric ID: 3

Questions

1. Which horizon is the most fertile layer? Why? [4 marks]

2. Which horizon contains most macro-organisms? Why? [4 marks]

3. Why there is a change in the horizon colour? [6 marks]

Total = / 16 marks


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B. Contaminated soil profile

Identify a location where the soil is contaminated with wastes such as petrol, engine oil, construction

waste, etc.

The apparatus and procedure of obtaining the contaminated soil profile is similar to Part A - Soil

Profile.

Results:

Draw and label the soil profile.

Questions:

1. Is there any difference between the soil profile in Experiment A and Experiment B? [2 marks]

2. What are the organisms that can inhabit in this place? [2 marks]

[ 2 marks]


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3. Name TWO (2) methods that can be used to clean this place. [2 marks]

4. Of the TWO (2) methods mentioned, which is more economical? Why? [6 marks]

Total = /14 marks


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C. Characteristics of soil

Materials: containers, different soil (type: sandy, loam, clayey) water, tissue papers, marker

i) Soil Texture

Procedure:

1. Take a few soil sample from the beaker.

2. Add some drops of water into it.

3. Feel the texture and record your observations.

Results:

Soil Type Texture

A

B

C

[ 6 marks]

Total = /6 marks


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ii) Soil pH

Procedure:

1. Weigh 20g of the soil in a 100ml beaker.

2. Add 20ml of distilled water and stir the mixture for 20 minutes.

3. Determine the soil pH by using the pH meter.

Results:

Soil Type pH

Questions

1. Which type of soil is suitable for vegetation? Why? [4 marks]

2. What remedial measures can be taken if the soil is acidic? [4 marks]

[6 marks]

Total = /14 marks


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Matric ID: 8

Experiment 2

Bacterial Growth

Task:

1. By using the results given below, draw the growth curve of this bacteria by using appropriate

scale. [8 marks]

Results

Time (hr) Population Density

(103

bacteria/ml)

0 10

0.5 20

1.0 40

1.5 80

2.0 150

2.5 290

3.0 450

3.5 520

4.0 520

4.5 515

5.0 260

Questions

1. List TWO (2) methods to determine population density. [2 marks]

2. Name the FOUR (4) phases observed from the graph. [4 marks]


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3. Briefly explain the FOUR (4) phases above. [8 marks]

4. Find the generation time of a bacterial population that increases from 10,000 to 1,000,000 cells

in 2 hours of growth? (use the given formula below) [6 marks]

3.3log /

t

b BGeneration time, G =

t = time interval in minutes

B = number of bacterial cells at the initial of the time of interval.

b = number of bacterial cells at the end of the time of interval.


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5. Indicate the carrying capacity in your graph. [2 marks]

6. What is carrying capacity? [2 marks]

Total = / 32 marks


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Matric ID: 12

Experiment 3

Population demography

Table A, B and C below illustrate the population statistics of three (3) countries in 2004.

Age Male Female

0- 4 2,230,772 2,125,453

5- 9 2,563,716 2,448,160

10- 14 2,641,687 2,533,606

15- 19 2,496,242 2,417,57220- 24 2,811,024 2,737,473

25- 29 2,915,059 2,827,665

30- 34 2,706,359 2,757,138

35- 39 2,543,959 2,688,494

40- 44 2,321,463 2,505,206

45- 49 2,054,445 2,200,758

50- 54 1,704,166 1,810,250

55- 59 1,302,768 1,380,543

60- 64 1,064,142 1,153,832

65- 69 874,388 981,740

70- 74 635,770 740,781

75- 79 388,517 481,228

80+ 282,130 404,931

Age Male Female

0- 4 3,105,936 2 ,952,446

5- 9 3,104,985 2 ,950,959

10- 14 3,126,946 2,973,591

15- 19 3,468,433 3,304,23320- 24 3,909,460 3,735,018

25- 29 4,562,498 4,360,047

30- 34 5,057,980 4,851,411

35- 39 4,338,613 4,233,931

40- 44 3,927,665 3,868,652

45- 49 3,914,446 3,890,642

50- 54 4,703,329 4,748,744

55- 59 4,697,001 4,817,095

60- 64 4,117,839 4,387,062

65- 69 3,416,937 3,818,012

70- 74 2,882,591 3,473,494

75- 79 2,090,099 2,861,615

80+ 1,779,563 3,901,729

Table A: Country A Table B: Country B

Source: US Census Bureau, 2005


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Age Male Female

0- 4 3,650,838 3,384,841

5- 9 4,057,603 3,758,829

10- 14 4,626,818 4,328,637

15- 19 4,655,925 4,398,040

20- 24 4,263,771 4,114,804

25- 29 3,695,630 3,570,729

30- 34 3,319,120 3,334,939

35- 39 2,991,770 3,045,280

40- 44 2,711,344 2,885,819

45- 49 2,086,545 2,355,769

50- 54 1,388,180 1,654,777

55- 59 890,898 1,087,150

60- 64 714,934 947,144

65- 69 638,707 889,260

70- 74 567,598 796,614

75- 79 358,859 579,747

80+ 294,860 617,021

Table C: Country C

Source: US Census Bureau, 2005

Tasks:

1. Tabulate the data into percentages for each country. [15 marks]

2. Draw the demography chart showing the population of these three countries based on the

information given. [15 marks]


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Age Male (%) Female (%)

0- 4

5- 9

10- 14

15- 19

20- 24

25- 29

30- 34

35- 39

40- 44

45- 49

50- 54

55- 59

60- 64

65- 69

70- 74

75- 79

80+


0- 4

5- 9

10- 14

15- 19

20- 24

25- 29

30- 34

35- 39

40- 44

45- 49

50- 54

55- 59

60- 64

65- 69

70- 74

75- 79

80+

Table A: Country A Table B: Country B

Total Total


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0- 4

5- 9

10- 14

15- 19

20- 24

25- 29

30- 34

35- 39

40- 44

45- 49

50- 54

55- 59

60- 64

65- 69

70- 74

75- 79

80+

Table C: Country C

Total


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3. Characterize the level of development of the countries in Table A, B and C. [3 marks]

4. List THREE (3) social implications related to Country C? [3 marks]

5. Based on the patterns among the three (3) demographies, will Country A and Country C placemore emphasis on environmental issues? Why? [6 marks]

Total = / 42 marks


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Matric ID: 20

Experiment 4

Municipal Solid Waste

Weight the municipal solid waste (MSW) provided in Table 4.1 and answer the following questions.

Table 4.1: Percentages of dry MSW disposed from three different socio-

economic areas in Selangor.

Questions

1. Draw a bar graph to represent the MSW composition. [6 marks]

2. Which of the above represents a high socio-economic status? Why? [6 marks]

Socio-economic status (%)

A B CComposition

Weight % Weight % Weight %

Papers

Plastics & rubbers

Glass & ceramics

Food wastes

Textiles

Garden wastes

Wood

[6 marks]


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3. Which of the above represents a low socio-economic status? Why? [6 marks]

4. Reduce, Reuse and Recycle are collectively known as 3R. Why reduce is given more emphasis?

[6 marks]

Total = / 30 marks


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Matric ID: 23

Experiment 5

Water Quality

Materials: Beakers, markers, pipe water, industrial wastewater, landfill leachate, pond water, pH

meter, DO meter, turbidity meter

Procedure:

Task:

1. Observe and record the following parameters:

a. colour b. turbidity

c. smell

d. presence of macro-organisms

e. pH

f. oxygen level

Results

Pipe water

Industrial

wastewater

Landfill

leachate Pond water

Colour

Turbidity

Smell

Macroorganisms

pH

Oxygen level

[6 marks]


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Matric ID: 24

Questions

1. Based on your observations, what type of water is suitable for aquatic organisms? Why?

[6 marks]

2. Will turbidity influence aquatic organisms? Why? [6 marks]

3. If the turbidity level increases in pond water, what type of organisms will increase? Why?

[6 marks]

This laboratory worksheet ends here

Total = / 24 marks

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SBBI4303 Environmental Biology %5BWorksheet%5D