SB LiMotive Automotive Battery Technology Takeshi Miyamoto.pdf · Cold crank (3cycle, SOC50%, 5 sec., @-30 oC, CV : 2.1V, by VDA manual ) 170 W Power retention rate at the end of

SB LiMotive Automotive Battery Technology

Kiho Kim

Customer’s Confidential | SBL CPD | July/2012 | © SB LiMotive Co. Ltd. reserves all rights even in the

event of industrial property rights. We reserve all rights of disposal such as copying and

passing on to third parties.

Contents

Introduction

Li Ion Cell Technology

Page 2




Page 3

Introduction to SBLiMotive




Page 4

Cell

&

Module

Cooling

System

BMS

Hardware

BMS

Software Pack

SBL Product Portfolio



passing on to third parties. - 7 / 13 -

Strong Sourcing Power

Investment in Mines

Sourcing Diversities

World Class Competitiveness in R&D, MFG Quality & Cost

1st Class Patent Position

High Quality R&D Man-Power

20 yrs R&D Experience

10 yrs MFG Experience

In-house Designed Facility

Real-time Monitoring

Cost Competitiveness No.1 MFG Quality World Class R&D

Technology Leadership R&D Capability, MFG Quality & Cost




Page 6

Perfect safety can be achieved through collaboration

between automobile and cell manufacturers

Material

Safety Component

Metal Impurity Control

Real-time monitoring

& 100% traceability

Cell Design

Technology

Cell

Manufacturing

Technology

Vehicle

Technology

Mechanical Support

Safety Features in

Control System

Technology Leadership Safety of Li-ion Battery




Page 7

Li Ion Cell Technology




Page 8

Cell Product Portfolio

Item Unit 5Ah 20Ah 24Ah 40Ah 60Ah

Nominal Capacity Ah 5.2 20.5 24.5 42 63

Discharge Power

Capability W 890 1610 1700 3400 4300

Power to Energy ratio W/Wh 46 20 19 23 18

Size mm

(L*W*H) 120x12x80 173x21x85 148x26.5x91 173x32x125 173x45x125




Cell Chemistry

Item Material

Cathode active material NCM

Anode active material Graphite

Electrolytes EC based composite electrolyte with

LiPF6 and functional additives

Separator Porous poly-olefin film

Binder Poly-vinylidene di-fluoride for cathode

Styrene butadiene rubber & CMC for anode

Page 9




5Ah HEV Cell Performance Summary

Page 10

Description Performance

Peak power (10sec discharge @ SOC50% by HPPC method) 1min. 890 W

Specific power (10sec discharge @ SOC50%) 4100 W/kg, 7700 W/L

Peak discharge power (@ 10sec, SOC 35% by HPPC method) 1min. 700 W

Peak charge power(@ 10sec, SOC 65% by HPPC method) 1min. 550 W

Continuous power (discharge @SOC50% by HPPC method) 1min. 430W at 30sec

1min. 245W at 120sec

Capacity (1C-rate @25 oC) min. 5.2 Ah

Voltage (Upper limit / Nominal / Lower limit) 4.2 / 3.7 / 2.8

Specific energy (1C-rate @25 oC) 90 Wh/Kg

Cold crank (3cycle, SOC50%, 5 sec., @-30 oC, CV : 2.1V, by VDA manual ) 170 W

Power retention rate at the end of cycle life

- VDA cycle (Screening pattern) : Stress acceleration (ΔSOC 50%)

262kAh discharge capacity throughput

@ 25°C, 80% power retention

Power retention rate at the end of calendar life (@SOC60%, 45°C) 12 years @ 80% power retention




Page 11


Minimum Capacity (1C-rate @25°C) 20.5Ah

Specific energy and energy density ( 1C-rate @ 25°C ) 116 Wh/kg, 250 Wh/L


Peak power Discharge 10sec discharge power @ SOC50% 1600W

Charge 10sec charge power @ SOC50% 1000W

Specific power and power density (discharge @ SOC50%) 2400 W/kg, 5200 W/L

Cycles @ 80% of power and capacity retention

( @ 1 Charge, 1C Discharge, SOC0%-SOC100%, 25°C )

Test under progressing

4,000 cycles estimated@ 80% of BOL

Capacity retention rate at the end of calendar life ( @ SOC100%, 25°C)

Test is progressing

80% of BOL @ >15 yr

Operating temperature range -30°C ~ 60°C

20 Ah PHEV Cell Performance Summary




Page 12


Minimum Capacity (1 C-rate @25 °C) 24.0 Ah

Nominal Capacity (1 C-rate @25 °C) 24.5 Ah

Specific and volumetric energy density ( 1 C-rate @ 25 °C ) 126 Wh/Kg, 257 Wh/L


Power capability Discharge 10sec discharge power @ SOC 50%, 25 °C 1700 W

Charge 10sec charge power @ SOC 50%, 25 °C 1000 W

Specific power density (discharge @ SOC 50% , 25 °C) 2300 W/kg

Cycle life @ 80% of power and capacity retention

( @ 1C Charge, 1C Discharge, SOC 0%-SOC 100%, 25 °C )



Calendar life (@ SOC 100%, 25 °C) Test in progress

＞80% of BOL @ 15 yrs

Operating temperature range -30 °C ~ 60 °C

24 Ah PHEV Cell Performance Summary




Page 13


Minimum Capacity (1/3C-rate @25°C) 40Ah

Nominal Capacity (1/3C-rate @25°C) 42Ah

Specific and volumetric energy density ( 1 C-rate @ 25 °C ) 113 Wh/Kg, 227 Wh/L


Power capability Discharge

10sec discharge @ SOC50% 3200W

10sec discharge @ SOC 20% 2100W

Charge 10sec charge @ SOC 80% 320W

Specific power (discharge @SOC50%) 2250W/Kg


(@ 0.7 Charge, 1C Discharge, SOC0%-SOC100%, 25°C)



Calendar life (@ SOC100%, 25°C) >80% of BOL @ 15yrs


40 Ah PHEV/EV Cell Performance Summary




Page 14


Minimum Capacity (1/3C-rate @25°C) 60Ah

Nominal Capacity (1/3C-rate @25°C) 62Ah

Specific and volumetric energy density (1C-rate @ 25°C) 123 Wh/Kg, 243 Wh/L


Power capability Discharge

10sec discharge @SOC50% 4200W

10sec discharge @ SOC 20% 3000W

Charge 10sec charge @, SOC 80% 450W

Specific power (discharge @SOC50%) 2100W/Kg


(@ 0.7 Charge, 1C Discharge, SOC0%-SOC100%, 25°C)



Calendar life (@ SOC100%, 25°C) Test in progress

>80% of BOL @ 15yrs


60 Ah EV Cell Performance Summary




Page 15

5Ah HEV Cell Technology




HEV Cell Mechanical Design

Page 16

Dimension

(W X H X T)

120 mm X 80 mm X 12 mm

without terminals

Volume 115 mℓ, without terminals

Weight 220 g, with terminals

Can polarity Positive

Terminal materials Aluminum for positive

Copper for negative

Cell to cell

connection

Screw type or

Welding type




Power (W) State of charge

30% 50% 70%

45°C Dis. 1073 1321 1433

45°C Regen. 1354 1267 815

25°C Dis. 787

3580 W/kg

956

4350 W/kg

1113

5060 W/kg

25°C Regen. 986 890 598

0°C Dis. 388 474 561

0°C Regen. 492 417 259

-30°C Dis. 67

300 W/kg

75

340 W/kg

84

380 W/kg

-30°C Regen. 61 44 28

Charge

Voltage All temp. = 4.2V

Discharge

Voltage @ -20°C and above = 2.8V

@ -30°C = 2.1V

Current @ 0°C and above = 100A

@ -10°C = 35A, @ -30°C = 7.5A Current

@ -10°C and above = 100A

@ -30°C = 10A

* Limit conditions

HEV Cell HPPC Peak Power Capability vs. Temperature

Page 17




HEV Cell HPPC 10 sec. Resistance vs. Temperature

10s Discharge

DC-IR (mΩ)

State of charge

30% 50% 70%

45°C 2.0 1.9 2.0

25°C 2.9 2.6 2.6

10°C 4.5 4.0 3.9

0°C 6.0 5.4 5.3

-10°C 9.4 7.9 7.3

-30°C 49.0 45.5 43.4

10s Charge

DC-IR (mΩ)

State of charge

30% 50% 70%

45°C 2.0 1.8 2.0

25°C 2.8 2.5 2.5

10°C 4.1 3.7 3.7

0°C 5.2 5.1 6.1

-10°C 10.2 9.7 9.2

-30°C 54.2 51.7 50.8

Page 18




Page 19

HEV Cell Energy Efficiency

Current (A) Energy Efficiency (%)

20 98.1

40 96.3

80 92.7

Test conditions for energy efficiency

10 sec constant current discharge and charge at SOC50%, 25




Page 20

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

Wa

tt[W

]

Time[sec.]

― 1st― 2nd― 3rd

Cold-cranking power at -30 and SOC 50% : 170 W/cell if 72 cell/pack, 12kW

3.591V 3.546V 3.520V

HEV Cell Cold Cranking Power

Test conditions

- Temperature = -30, SOC = 50% - Pattern ; 2.1V CC-CV discharge for 5sec, 3cycles in VDA manual

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

4.0

3.5

3.0

2.5

2.0

1.5

1.0

0.5

0

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

Vo

lta

ge

, V

Cu

rre

nt,

A

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55

Time, sec

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

500

450

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

Wa

tt, W

0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0

5.0

0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0

Time, sec

1st

2nd

3rd

3.7 V




HEV Cell Cycle Life, VDA cycle pattern

Page 21

Duration time Sec 5 10 32 20 5 10 37 20 5 10 37 20 5 7 49 28

Cumuative

time Sec 5 15 47 67 72 82 119 139 144 154 191 211 216 223 272 300

Current C

rate -20 -10 -5 0 -15 -10 -5 0 15 10 5 0 12.5 7.5 5 0

Expected voltage profiles under VDA cycling

at each starting SOC%

2.8

2.9

3.0

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

3.6

3.7

3.8

3.9

4.0

4.1

4.2

0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300

VDA unit cycle time, sec

Cell V

olt

ag

e,

V

SOC80% start

SOC65% start

SOC50% start

×264

×264

×264

VDA pattern analysis

Discharge

Charge

VDA pattern (I_rms = 33.3A, SOC swing = 3 bands ; 30-50% , 45-65% & 60-80%)




Page 22

Temp. Progress (Discharge kAh) Estimated Discharge throughput to 80%of BOL

HPPC Power Capacity

25 oC 131.57 kAh 262.31 kAh (676 k-miles) 202.80 kAh

35 oC 86.49 kAh 103.05 kAh 150.95 kAh

55 oC 39.43 kAh 53.36 kAh (136 k-miles) 39.75 kAh

10sec Discharge HPPC Power 1C Capacity retention

HEV Cell Cycle Life, VDA cycle pattern

*60 kAh discharge capacity = 155.3 k-mile mileage




Page 23

Cycle pattern (Cell) US06

34.4 kW

Test Cell temperature oC 35

condition Battery Size Factor (BSF) # 72

Pattern

analysis

Max. peak power Charge

W 478

Discharge -418

Max. peak current Charge

A 125

Discharge -118

Open time in cycle sec 0(0%)

Total Irms A 42.8 Discharge Irms A 30.5

Charge Irms A 60.8

Operating

SOC range

Starting SOC

%

50%

Max. SOC 57%

Min. SOC 42%

ΔSOC 7% Cycle running time per cycle sec 600

Capacity

throughput per cycle Ah 2.132(Dch)

HEV Cell Cycle Life, US06

US06 pattern analysis

US06 Pattern Profile




Page 24

10sec Discharge HPPC Power 1C Capacity retention

Power and Capacity show 90% and 86% retention until 39.8kAh discharge capacity throughput.

HEV Cell Cycle Life, US06




Page 25

25°C 35°C 45°C 60°C

SOC30%

400 days being stored

SOC40%

SOC60%

SOC80%

SOC90%

SOC100%

HEV Cell Calendar Life

Storage Condition




The green color in the table is satisfied over 10 years of calendar lifetime until EOL (= 80%

of BOL Power capability).

Temp.

(oC)

Life Estimation (Years, 80% of BOL)

SOC 30% SOC 40% SOC 60% SOC 80% SOC 90%

25 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50 > 50

35 18.21 17.05 14.74 12.54 11.58

45 9.55 8.36 5.98 3.25 2.89

Page 26

HEV Cell Calendar Life, Stress Mapping – Acceleration Factor




Page 27

Power retention & DC-IR Capacity retention

HEV Cell Calendar Life, SOC 60%, 35 oC & 60 oC




Capacity Retention @ SOC 35% Capacity Retention @ SOC 50%

HEV Cell Shelf Life, Capacity retention, 12 months

Page 28




Capacity Recovery @ SOC 35% Capacity Recovery @ SOC 50%

HEV Cell Shelf Life, Capacity recovery, 12 months

Page 29




HEV Cell Shelf Life, HPPC power - 10sec discharge, 12 months

Power retention @ SOC 35% Power retention @ SOC 50%

Page 30




HEV Cell Abuse Test Result, Single cell

Items Test Condition Hazard

Level*

Mass

Loss(%) Remarks

Crush SOC100%, 3-axis

Crush to 85% of cell height L2 0% No venting

External Short SOC100%, 2mΩ external resistor L2 0% No venting

Thermal Stability SOC100%, 5/min, 100~250 L4 ≥ 50% No venting

Nail Penetration SOC100%, 3mm diameter, 80mm/sec L4 ≥ 50% Venting

Hot Plate

Propagation SOC100%, 0.6/min, 1hr holding @ 300 L4 ≥ 50% No venting

Overcharge SOC100%, 32A, 12V limit & 2hr L3 < 50% Venting

Overdischarge SOC100%, 1C/2C/6C-rate, 1.5 hr L2 0% No venting

Overdischarge -

Recharge SOC100%, 1C Discharge to 0.5V L0 0% No effect

* The hazard level was based on EUCAR level of Freedom-CAR SAND2005-3123.

Page 31




HEV Cell Abuse Test Result, Module (12cells & 6cells)

Test Items Quantity Test Conditions Hazard

Level*

Mass Loss

[%] Remark

Crush

(12 Cells)

Y axis 1 1st Step) crush to 85% of cell height

2nd step) crush by force of mass*1000

L3 < 50% No venting

Z axis 1 L3 < 50% No venting

Overcharge

(12 Cells)

1C-rate 1 1C-rate, Vmax & SOC200% end L3 < 50% No venting

32A 1 32A, Vmax & SOC200% end L3 < 50% No venting

Nail penetration

(6 Cells) 1

20mm diameter, 80mm/sec

more 3 cells were penetrated L4 ≥ 50% Venting

External short

(6 Cells) 1 1mΩ resistor & 20min holding L2 0% No venting

* The hazard level was based on EUCAR level of Freedom-CAR SAND2005-3123.

Page 32




HEV Cell Environmental Test Result, Single cell

Items Quantity Test condition

Results ( vs. BOL, % )

1C-Discharge

Capacity

Discharge Power

at SOC 50%

Charge Power at

SOC 50%

Thermal

Shock 3

Temp. swing range : 80 ↔ -40

Dwell time : 60 min

Cycle number : 5

Test SOC : 50%

99.9% 99.3% 98.4%

Storage

Temperature

Range

3

Temp. swing range : 85 ↔ -40

Dwell time : 72 hrs

Test SOC : 50%

95.2% 93.4% 92.8%

Vibration 3

1st step) 2,000 sinusoidal cycles, 5G in

10~30Hz

2nd step) sine sweep in 10↔190Hz , 1Hz /s

for 6 hrs

Test SOC : 50%

99.9% 100.0% 99.7%

Mechanical

Shock 3

Shock number : Total 18# (3 shocks per

direction per axis)

Acceleration : 100g

Duration time : 11m/sec.

Test SOC : 50%

99.9% 97.8% 96.3%

Page 33




Thank you for your time & attention

Documents

SB LiMotive Automotive Battery Technology Takeshi Miyamoto.pdf · Cold crank (3cycle, SOC50%, 5 sec., @-30 oC, CV : 2.1V, by VDA manual ) 170 W Power retention rate at the end of