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ImpactofEMa,acksignaturesonETCSQualityofServiceIndicators
MarinaAGUADO,UPV/EHUChrisHanPINEDO,UPV/EHUEduardoJACOB,UPV/EHU
EMA%acksignaturesonCommunica4onSystems
Assesstheimpactofthejammersontheapplica4onlevelandnotonlyonthephysicallayer.
v ApplicaHonconsidered:ETCScommunicaHonbetweenthetrainandtheRBCforERTMSlevel2andlevel3.
2
Goal
InterferencesintheCommunicaHonArchitecture
RailwayNetworkAvailability
GOAL
Performsimula4onsandcorrelateresultsinordertoiden4fynetworkmeasures(packetloss,delay,…)thatcouldbeusedasanaddi4onalsensortodetectabnormalbehaviourora%acks.
3
Goal(cont.)
Railway
IntegratedSimulaHonFramework
INPUT OUTPUT PacketerrorrateConnecHonEstablishmentEndtoenddelay
EIRENE or QoS KPI´s Health Attack Manager
FailureorJammersCharacteriza4on
ERTMS
ETCSApplication
Open Communication system GSM-R
ETCSApplication
Open Communication system GSM-R
GSM-R radio transmission
ETCS application protocol
Radio protocol
Train-Side Track-Side
ETCSApplication
Open Communication system GSM-R
ETCSApplication
Open Communication system GSM-R
GSM-R radio transmission
ETCS application protocol
Radio protocol
Train-Side Track-Side
ERTMS=FuncHonalSubsystem+TelecomSubsystem
**CHALLENGE=ModellingbothSubsystems(FuncHonalSubsystem+TelecomSubsystem)inthesamesimulaHonintegratedframework
RailwayNetworkInforma4on(TrainProgram)
NumberoftrainsRBC
BaliselocaHonTerrainInformaHon
Communica4onNetwork
TopologyPropagaHonModel
+FailureorJammers
Characteriza4on
Railway
IntegratedSimulaHonFramework
INPUT OUTPUT PacketerrorrateConnecHonEstablishmentDelayEndtoenddelay
Interferred Scenario Analysis in Simulation Platform
EIRENE or QoS KPI´s
UnnecessaryEmergencyBrakes
Availability
Health Attack Manager
n DemoPresenta4on:w Scenario1:Legacyarchitecturew Scenario2:NextGenera4onIP–LTEwithfailuresw Scenario3–Conges4on
SimulaHonFramework
FurtherdetailonSimulaHonFrameworkinternals:• ModellingandsimulaHonofERTMSforcurrentandfuturemobiletechnologies.Interna4onalJournalofVehicularTechnology(2015)• Towardszeroon-sitetesHng:Advancedtrafficmanagement&controlsystemssimulaHonframeworkincluding
communicaHonKPIsandresponsetofailureevents.InWirelessVehicularCommunica4ons(WiVeC)2014IEEEVehicularTechnologyCommunica4onConference
8
SimulaHonScenario
v Access-Networkv MainfuncHon:Forwardpacketsbetween
wirelessandwiredinterfacesv EquivalenttoaBTSofGSM-R.v TransmissionPowersettoprovidebetween
-95dBmand-93dBmat3kmaccordingtofieldmeasures(4,27mW).
v Core-Networkv MainfuncHon:Forwardpackets
betweentheRBCandantennas.
6km10m
102km
Modelledthenormalcondi4onsforaend-to-end(train-to-ground)link
10
SimulaHonFramework:Jammers
Modelledasasinglebandjammerof4MHzcentredinthe923MHzfrequencywithacyclictransmissionpowerof8usecbetween-5dBmand7,5dBm.Thus,itonlyaffectsdownlinkGSM-Rchannels.
Modelledasajammerwithaconstantoutputpowerof-10dBminthe840-976MHzfrequencyband.Thus,itaffectsuplinkanddownlinkGSM-Rchannels.
RealGreyJammer
RealSilverJa
mmer
ModelledSilverandG
reyJam
mers
11
TestMethodology
v Parameterizenetworkv Focusgeographical
scopetotwoBTSs(6km)
v Selectthejammer.v Twojammersmodelled
v LocatetheJammerv MiddleoftwoBTSsv ClosetooneBTSv InthesamelocaHonofone
BTS
v Every25metersbetweenthetwoBTSs:v Locatethetrainv PerformmulHplesimulaHonsto
obtainstaHsHcallyvalidresultsv Thousandsofsimula4onsper
BaselineScenarioandJammeredScenario!!Ja
mmered
Scena
rio
BaselineScenario
v Althoughthejammerinthenoisyareaisnotsopowerfultoblocktotallythesignal,itincreasesthepacketlossesandsotheend-to-enddelay(duetopacketretransmissions).
12
SimulaHonResultsforSilverJammer(II)
v Aconnectedlinkdoesn’timplyavalidlinkforETCS.
Once5%ofpacketlossispassed,e2edelayincreasessignificantly
1. Oursimula4onframeworkallowsassessingtheimpactofjammeringdevicesintheapplica4onlayers(i.e.,ETCS).
v EasilyevaluatemulHplescenarioswithabroadsetofparameters(layout,type,locaHonandpowerofthejammer,…).
v IdenHfythedependencybetweenKPIsandthoseparameters.
v IdenHfyweakpointsandproviderecommendaHons(overlapingofcoverageareas,…).
2. Simula4onresultsprovethatinforma4onprovidedbythenetworkdevicescouldbeusedasanaddi4onalsensortodetectabnormalbehaviourora%acks.
v Forexample,SNRcurvesmighthelptodetectthepresenceofjammeringdevices.
13
Conclusions