26
8/11/2019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/sanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1/26 WITH CONTRIBUTIONS BY HENRI BLOCHER JULIE CANLIS MICHAEL HORTON BRUCE M C CORMACK OLIVER O’DONOVAN SANCTIFICATION EDITED BY KELLY M. KAPIC EXPLORATIONS IN THEOLOGY AND PRACTICE

Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

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Page 1: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 126

W I T H C O N T R I B U T I O N S B Y

H E N R I B L O C H E R bull J U L I E C A N L I S bull M I C H A E L H O R T O N

B R U C E M C C O R M A C K bull O L I V E R O rsquo D O N O V A N

S A N C T I F I C A T I O N

E D I T E D B Y

K E L L Y M K A P I C

E X P L O R A T I O N S I N T H E O L O G Y A N D P R A C T I C E

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 326

S A N C T I F I C A T I O N

EXPLORATIONS IN THEOLOGY AND PRACTICE

EDIT ED BY

K E L LY M K A P I C

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InterVarsity Press

PO Box 983089983092983088983088 Downers Grove IL 983094983088983093983089983093-983089983092983090983094

World Wide Web wwwivpresscom

Email emailivpresscom

copy983090983088983089983092 by Kelly M Kapic

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from

InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Pressreg is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSAreg a movement of

students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities colleges and schools of nursing in the United States

of America and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For information about

local and regional activities write Public Relations Dept InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSA 983094983092983088983088 Schroeder

Rd PO Box 983095983096983097983093 Madison WI 983093983091983095983088983095-983095983096983097983093 or visit the IVCF website at wwwintervarsityorg

Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are from The Holy Bible English Standard Version c op yright

copy2011 by Crossway Bibles a division of Good News Publishers Used by permission All rights reservedWhile all stories in this book are true some names and identifying information in this book have been changed to

protect the privacy of the individuals involved

Cover design David Fassett

Interior design Beth McGill

Images Holy Spirit (photo)GodongUIGTe Bridgeman Art Library

copyChris SchmidtiStockphoto

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983092983088983094983090-983093 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983097983091-983094 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

As a member of the Green Press Initiative InterVarsity Press is committed to protecting the environmentand to the responsible use of natural resources o learn more visit greenpressinitiativeorg

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Sanctification explorations in theology and practice edited by

Kelly M Kapic

pages cm

Includes index

ISBN 978-0-8308- 4062-5 (pbk alk paper)

1 Sanctification Christianity I Kapic Kelly M 1972ndash editor

BT765S26 2014

234rsquo8mdashdc23

983090983088983089983092983088983091983091983091983092983095

P 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092

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CONTENTSIntroduction 983097

Abbreviations 983089983095

Contributors 983089983097

PRELUDE AN OPENING HOMILY

983089 Holiness Restoring Godrsquos Image 983090983093

Colossians 35-17

Derek idball

PART ONE SANCTIFIED BY GRACE THROUGH FAITH

IN UNION WITH CHRIST

983090 Living by FaithmdashAlone 983091983093Reormed Responses to Antinomianism

Richard Lints

983091 Sanctification by Faith 983093983095

Henri Blocher

983092 Covenantal Union and Communion 983095983097

Union with Christ as the Covenant o Grace

Brannon Ellis

983093 Sanctification After Metaphysics 983089983088983091

Karl Barth in Conversation with John Wesleyrsquos

Conception o ldquoChristian Perectionrdquo

Bruce L McCormack

PART TWO HUMAN AGENCY AND SANCTIFICATIONrsquoS

RELATIONSHIP TO ETHICS

983094 ldquoLet the Earth Bring Forth rdquo 983089983090983095

he Spirit and Human Agency in Sanctiication

Michael Horton

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 326

S A N C T I F I C A T I O N

EXPLORATIONS IN THEOLOGY AND PRACTICE

EDIT ED BY

K E L LY M K A P I C

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InterVarsity Press

PO Box 983089983092983088983088 Downers Grove IL 983094983088983093983089983093-983089983092983090983094

World Wide Web wwwivpresscom

Email emailivpresscom

copy983090983088983089983092 by Kelly M Kapic

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from

InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Pressreg is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSAreg a movement of

students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities colleges and schools of nursing in the United States

of America and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For information about

local and regional activities write Public Relations Dept InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSA 983094983092983088983088 Schroeder

Rd PO Box 983095983096983097983093 Madison WI 983093983091983095983088983095-983095983096983097983093 or visit the IVCF website at wwwintervarsityorg

Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are from The Holy Bible English Standard Version c op yright

copy2011 by Crossway Bibles a division of Good News Publishers Used by permission All rights reservedWhile all stories in this book are true some names and identifying information in this book have been changed to

protect the privacy of the individuals involved

Cover design David Fassett

Interior design Beth McGill

Images Holy Spirit (photo)GodongUIGTe Bridgeman Art Library

copyChris SchmidtiStockphoto

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983092983088983094983090-983093 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983097983091-983094 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

As a member of the Green Press Initiative InterVarsity Press is committed to protecting the environmentand to the responsible use of natural resources o learn more visit greenpressinitiativeorg

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Sanctification explorations in theology and practice edited by

Kelly M Kapic

pages cm

Includes index

ISBN 978-0-8308- 4062-5 (pbk alk paper)

1 Sanctification Christianity I Kapic Kelly M 1972ndash editor

BT765S26 2014

234rsquo8mdashdc23

983090983088983089983092983088983091983091983091983092983095

P 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 526

CONTENTSIntroduction 983097

Abbreviations 983089983095

Contributors 983089983097

PRELUDE AN OPENING HOMILY

983089 Holiness Restoring Godrsquos Image 983090983093

Colossians 35-17

Derek idball

PART ONE SANCTIFIED BY GRACE THROUGH FAITH

IN UNION WITH CHRIST

983090 Living by FaithmdashAlone 983091983093Reormed Responses to Antinomianism

Richard Lints

983091 Sanctification by Faith 983093983095

Henri Blocher

983092 Covenantal Union and Communion 983095983097

Union with Christ as the Covenant o Grace

Brannon Ellis

983093 Sanctification After Metaphysics 983089983088983091

Karl Barth in Conversation with John Wesleyrsquos

Conception o ldquoChristian Perectionrdquo

Bruce L McCormack

PART TWO HUMAN AGENCY AND SANCTIFICATIONrsquoS

RELATIONSHIP TO ETHICS

983094 ldquoLet the Earth Bring Forth rdquo 983089983090983095

he Spirit and Human Agency in Sanctiication

Michael Horton

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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S A N C T I F I C A T I O N

EXPLORATIONS IN THEOLOGY AND PRACTICE

EDIT ED BY

K E L LY M K A P I C

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InterVarsity Press

PO Box 983089983092983088983088 Downers Grove IL 983094983088983093983089983093-983089983092983090983094

World Wide Web wwwivpresscom

Email emailivpresscom

copy983090983088983089983092 by Kelly M Kapic

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from

InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Pressreg is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSAreg a movement of

students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities colleges and schools of nursing in the United States

of America and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For information about

local and regional activities write Public Relations Dept InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSA 983094983092983088983088 Schroeder

Rd PO Box 983095983096983097983093 Madison WI 983093983091983095983088983095-983095983096983097983093 or visit the IVCF website at wwwintervarsityorg

Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are from The Holy Bible English Standard Version c op yright

copy2011 by Crossway Bibles a division of Good News Publishers Used by permission All rights reservedWhile all stories in this book are true some names and identifying information in this book have been changed to

protect the privacy of the individuals involved

Cover design David Fassett

Interior design Beth McGill

Images Holy Spirit (photo)GodongUIGTe Bridgeman Art Library

copyChris SchmidtiStockphoto

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983092983088983094983090-983093 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983097983091-983094 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

As a member of the Green Press Initiative InterVarsity Press is committed to protecting the environmentand to the responsible use of natural resources o learn more visit greenpressinitiativeorg

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Sanctification explorations in theology and practice edited by

Kelly M Kapic

pages cm

Includes index

ISBN 978-0-8308- 4062-5 (pbk alk paper)

1 Sanctification Christianity I Kapic Kelly M 1972ndash editor

BT765S26 2014

234rsquo8mdashdc23

983090983088983089983092983088983091983091983091983092983095

P 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092

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CONTENTSIntroduction 983097

Abbreviations 983089983095

Contributors 983089983097

PRELUDE AN OPENING HOMILY

983089 Holiness Restoring Godrsquos Image 983090983093

Colossians 35-17

Derek idball

PART ONE SANCTIFIED BY GRACE THROUGH FAITH

IN UNION WITH CHRIST

983090 Living by FaithmdashAlone 983091983093Reormed Responses to Antinomianism

Richard Lints

983091 Sanctification by Faith 983093983095

Henri Blocher

983092 Covenantal Union and Communion 983095983097

Union with Christ as the Covenant o Grace

Brannon Ellis

983093 Sanctification After Metaphysics 983089983088983091

Karl Barth in Conversation with John Wesleyrsquos

Conception o ldquoChristian Perectionrdquo

Bruce L McCormack

PART TWO HUMAN AGENCY AND SANCTIFICATIONrsquoS

RELATIONSHIP TO ETHICS

983094 ldquoLet the Earth Bring Forth rdquo 983089983090983095

he Spirit and Human Agency in Sanctiication

Michael Horton

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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InterVarsity Press

PO Box 983089983092983088983088 Downers Grove IL 983094983088983093983089983093-983089983092983090983094

World Wide Web wwwivpresscom

Email emailivpresscom

copy983090983088983089983092 by Kelly M Kapic

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from

InterVarsity Press

InterVarsity Pressreg is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSAreg a movement of

students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities colleges and schools of nursing in the United States

of America and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students For information about

local and regional activities write Public Relations Dept InterVarsity Christian FellowshipUSA 983094983092983088983088 Schroeder

Rd PO Box 983095983096983097983093 Madison WI 983093983091983095983088983095-983095983096983097983093 or visit the IVCF website at wwwintervarsityorg

Scripture quotations unless otherwise indicated are from The Holy Bible English Standard Version c op yright

copy2011 by Crossway Bibles a division of Good News Publishers Used by permission All rights reservedWhile all stories in this book are true some names and identifying information in this book have been changed to

protect the privacy of the individuals involved

Cover design David Fassett

Interior design Beth McGill

Images Holy Spirit (photo)GodongUIGTe Bridgeman Art Library

copyChris SchmidtiStockphoto

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983092983088983094983090-983093 (print)

ISBN 983097983095983096-983088-983096983091983088983096-983097983094983097983091-983094 (digital)

Printed in the United States of America

As a member of the Green Press Initiative InterVarsity Press is committed to protecting the environmentand to the responsible use of natural resources o learn more visit greenpressinitiativeorg

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Sanctification explorations in theology and practice edited by

Kelly M Kapic

pages cm

Includes index

ISBN 978-0-8308- 4062-5 (pbk alk paper)

1 Sanctification Christianity I Kapic Kelly M 1972ndash editor

BT765S26 2014

234rsquo8mdashdc23

983090983088983089983092983088983091983091983091983092983095

P 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092 983089983091 983089983090 983089983089 983089983088 983097 983096 983095 983094 983093 983092 983091 983090 983089

Y 983091983092 983091983091 983091983090 983091983089 983091983088 983090983097 983090983096 983090983095 983090983094 983090983093 983090983092 983090983091 983090983090 983090983089 983090983088 983089983097 983089983096 983089983095 983089983094 983089983093 983089983092

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CONTENTSIntroduction 983097

Abbreviations 983089983095

Contributors 983089983097

PRELUDE AN OPENING HOMILY

983089 Holiness Restoring Godrsquos Image 983090983093

Colossians 35-17

Derek idball

PART ONE SANCTIFIED BY GRACE THROUGH FAITH

IN UNION WITH CHRIST

983090 Living by FaithmdashAlone 983091983093Reormed Responses to Antinomianism

Richard Lints

983091 Sanctification by Faith 983093983095

Henri Blocher

983092 Covenantal Union and Communion 983095983097

Union with Christ as the Covenant o Grace

Brannon Ellis

983093 Sanctification After Metaphysics 983089983088983091

Karl Barth in Conversation with John Wesleyrsquos

Conception o ldquoChristian Perectionrdquo

Bruce L McCormack

PART TWO HUMAN AGENCY AND SANCTIFICATIONrsquoS

RELATIONSHIP TO ETHICS

983094 ldquoLet the Earth Bring Forth rdquo 983089983090983095

he Spirit and Human Agency in Sanctiication

Michael Horton

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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CONTENTSIntroduction 983097

Abbreviations 983089983095

Contributors 983089983097

PRELUDE AN OPENING HOMILY

983089 Holiness Restoring Godrsquos Image 983090983093

Colossians 35-17

Derek idball

PART ONE SANCTIFIED BY GRACE THROUGH FAITH

IN UNION WITH CHRIST

983090 Living by FaithmdashAlone 983091983093Reormed Responses to Antinomianism

Richard Lints

983091 Sanctification by Faith 983093983095

Henri Blocher

983092 Covenantal Union and Communion 983095983097

Union with Christ as the Covenant o Grace

Brannon Ellis

983093 Sanctification After Metaphysics 983089983088983091

Karl Barth in Conversation with John Wesleyrsquos

Conception o ldquoChristian Perectionrdquo

Bruce L McCormack

PART TWO HUMAN AGENCY AND SANCTIFICATIONrsquoS

RELATIONSHIP TO ETHICS

983094 ldquoLet the Earth Bring Forth rdquo 983089983090983095

he Spirit and Human Agency in Sanctiication

Michael Horton

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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983095 Sanctification and Ethics 983089983093983088

Oliver OrsquoDonovan

983096 On Bavinckrsquos Theology of Sanctification-as-Ethics 983089983094983095

James Eglinton

PART THREE THEOLOGICAL AND PASTORAL MEDITATIONS

ON SANCTIFICATION

983097 Gospel Holiness 983089983096983097

Some Dogmatic Relections

Ivor J Davidson

983089983088 Faith Hope and Love 983090983089983090

A heological Meditation on Suering and Sanctiication

Kelly M Kapic

983089983089 Sonship Identity and Transformation 983090983091983090

Julie Canlis

983089983090 Sanctification Through Preaching 983090983093983089How John Chrysostom Preached or Personal ransormation

Peter Moore

Subject and Name Index 983090983094983097

Scripture Index 983090983095983091

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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INTRODUCTION

While there is nothing new under the sun different seasons do make us

sensitive to changes in our environment When winter dawns our attention

turns to jackets scarves and gloves when spring arrives the renewed warmth

o the sun beckons us outside On cue the seasons come and go and we

would be oolish to treat them all the same Each needs our attentiveness in

due course as each has a particular power over our lives and calls or us to

respond accordinglySimilarly the church ofen lives through different doctrinal seasons With

the aith we embrace the truth o God in all its varied theological realities

but inevitably there are periods when one truth requires our renewed con-

sideration At times we discover we have neglected or distorted a biblical

truth and the result is similar to realizing you are trying to live through

winter in your shorts and -shirt Sure it can be done but it is certainly not

a healthy way to exist

In recent decades debates about justification have dominated the at-

tention o many Protestants While at times the cool winds o that season

can still blow with great power there are indications that a new season with

new challenges is at hand Evangelicals in particular demonstrate strong

signs o a growing need to revisit the topic o sanctification Fresh concern

about this vital theological locus is suracing which is wonderul since this

is where the church so ofen lives and breathes

Set ree rom the dominion o sin ldquosaintsrdquo are set apart or kingdom

purposes as God is holy so he has called his people holy and promises to

renew them in the image o his Son In a way this is a simple idea Yet as

will become apparent in the essays that ollow the topic o sanctification is

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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10486251048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

prooundly intertwined with all manner o other topics beyond simply its

contested relationship to justification Although justification remains a key

idea that can never be lef behind one must also learn to appreciate howsanctification relates to ethics union with Christ ecclesiology adoption

eschatology and so on

Evangelicalism appears to be in a season o struggling with how best to

think about sanctification What is the relationship between ldquoaithrdquo and

human responsibility How might human agency relate not only to ques-

tions o Godrsquos saving grace but also to the way he sustains and preserves us

by his grace Does effort undermine the role o aith How does all o thisrelate to our creaturely existence as it is undamentally empowered by the

Spirit How do we understand the promises o God as we live in the escha-

tological tension o the now and the not yet

At the more popular level we see mistrust and misunderstanding per-

petuated For some the temptation is to reduce the gospel to moral im-

provement while or others human effort appears irrelevantmdashi not down-

right antitheticalmdashto the Christian lie On the one hand a number o

prominent voices have emphatically ocused their message on the ldquogospelrdquo

by which some tend to mean narrowly ldquojustification by aith alonerdquo Such

voices have at times appeared to provide balm to wounded souls too many

have labored under the suffocating weight o certain orms o rigid unda-

mentalism that reduced the gospel to a list o oppressive rules o be told

over and over o Godrsquos unflinching love and grace o your secure position

as declared righteous because o Christrsquos righteousness can be both liber-

ating and invigorating to such anguished listeners

On the other hand some raise the concern that such a perspective i lef

undeveloped might actually risk perverting grace rather than ully pro-

claiming it Tey worry that i in the process o declaring the ldquogood newsrdquo

we end up belittling the significance o human will and agency we are not

ultimately liberating people we might be undermining the ullness o gospel

life Not only is the believer set ree from the condemning power o sin but

they are also set ree to love and serve others to grow and to flourish underGodrsquos care A growing multitude echoes this renewed emphasis on personal

piety holiness and justice concerns even as it has welcomed renewed explo-

ration on the topic o human agency

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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Introduction 10486251048625

While many o the representative voices on both sides o this come rom

the Reormed tradition this conversation is being engaged in by a much

larger audience including many across the spectrum o evangelicalismUnortunately much o the current conversation is only taking place at

the more popular level In this book we offer something a bit different It is

not intended as a direct engagement with those particular popular authors

but rather provides some ldquooutsiderdquo perspective rom theologians who are

nevertheless also deeply concerned with the Protestant doctrine o sanctifi-

cation (and justification) Representing a good portion o the breadth o the

Reormed tradition these scholars gathered in Edinburgh a number o yearsago to offer extended reflections on sanctification Most o the essays in this

book grew out o that Edinburgh Dogmatics Conerence

No attempt has been made to provide a unified perspective on sancti-

fication heremdashwe are not presenting some new school o thought or any-

thing like that as some o the subtle disagreements even within this

volume indicate Instead this is an opportunity to explore the doctrine o

sanctification offer various proposals that might stimulate urther thought

and discussion and also hopeully encourage pastoral reflection that is

biblically theologically and historically inormed It is our great hope that

these essays by ecclesial-minded scholars might stimulate and oster this

growing discussion

Beginning and ending with ecclesial concerns this volume opens with a

homily and closes with theological and pastoral meditations we aim to

place this discussion squarely within the lie o the church even i at times

it can appear somewhat technical or philosophical Te ollowing brie re-

views o the essays in this volume aim to give potential readers a survey o

the work hopeully orienting them to some o the directions in which the

discussion will move

Derek idballrsquos homily on holiness as the restoration o Godrsquos image com-

bines careul exegesis with pastoral wisdom Using Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 as a

lens or understanding what it means or a believer to be holy he proposes

that the meaning o holiness in this passage is threeold to have a Christlikecharacter to have a Christ-renewed mind and to belong to a Christ-renewed

community Holiness is relational because the church is the place where a

new habitus is cultivated where the image o God is restored

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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10486251048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Richard Lints opens up the first section by addressing the relationship

between sanctification and aith and how this relationship is similar to and

different rom justification and aith Eschewing any simple dichotomy be-tween sanctification and justification Lints suggests that aith is just as op-

erative in sanctification as it is in justification both are ldquoexteriorrdquo that is

sanctification is just as much dependent on divine grace as justification In

this way the law in sanctification unctions sapientially or the believer

rather than judicially Sanctification is not primarily about moral progress

but about the Spiritrsquos restoration o human desires and worship

Although Henri Blocherrsquos essay has close affinities to Lintsrsquos Blocher ad- vances the discussion by providing nuanced definitions and a resh dis-

cussion o law and obedience as well as careully navigating the relationship

between aith and human agency Afer providing a sound introduction to

sanctificationrsquos key motis and to the basic questions surrounding the rela-

tionship between justification sanctification and aith Blocher argues that

sanctification is by aith because sanctification occurs in Christ and requires

the renewed believer continually to adhere to a person outside o hersel But

sanctification by aith is different rom justification by aith in that sanctifi-

cation is progressive and incremental involving work and response Te

works involved however are not ldquomeritoriousrdquo in any sense or Blocher

maintains the monergistic givenness o holiness by the Spirit in sanctifi-

cation just as in justification

Brannon Ellis hopes to enrich conversations between sanctification and

justification by considering the place o union with Christ in sanctification

especially in terms o the communion o the saints Ellis argues that to be

made new by Christ is inextricably bound to being ldquoinrdquo Christ which in turn

is inextricably bound to belonging to the church In doing this he does not

collapse soteriology and ecclesiology into one another but emphasizes the

inseparability o the new covenant membership with the mystical union In

this respect rather than seeing union with Christ as holding a particular

place on the ordo salutis it spans the ordorsquos outworking o redemption rom

beginning to endBruce McCormackrsquos essay is historically centered comparing the theol-

ogies o John Wesley and Karl Barth and exploring their respective contribu-

tions to the doctrine o sanctification At first glance this might look like an

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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Introduction 10486251048627

odd pairing but McCormack insightully shows how Barthrsquos notion o sanc-

tification though it differs philosophically rom Wesleyrsquos is not ar rom

Wesley in that they both affirm the possibilitymdashindeed the actualitymdashoChristian perection now For Barth o course this Christian perection is

different rom Wesleyrsquos in that Barth argues that perection is not possible

within a person herself but it is ound in Jesus Christ Sanctification on this

conception highlights not so much personal private piety but communal

participation in the lie-ministry o Jesus

Michael Hortonrsquos essay which begins part two is a helpul prolegomenon

to addressing the role o agency and ethics in sanctification Specifically heexplains just how sanctification works given the real activity o both God and

humans Rejecting both theological determinism and theological openness

Horton suggests that God sanctifies humans by acting on with and within

creaturely reality Tis ldquocooperationrdquo rests on the analogical assumption that

God and humans act in a single event without disrupting the otherrsquos ree action

In ldquoSanctification and Ethicsrdquo Oliver OrsquoDonovan offers a resh ramework

or interpreting the practical meaning o sanctification Arguing that the

usual terms employed in the sanctification conversation are reductive and

overly binary OrsquoDonovan challenges the reader to see sanctification as it

unolds rom the threeold chord o aith love and hope in that order

Significantly OrsquoDonovan argues that sanctification is only incremental in

that it involves the acquisition o practical wisdom Te wisdom o love and

aith though is insufficient unless it is ldquoled outrdquo by hope into vocation and

ethics which clings to the promises o God and anticipates the resurrection

lie that is to come

James Eglinton also considers sanctification as it relates to ethics but with

a historical bent toward Herman Bavinckrsquos theology o sanctification By

exploring Bavinckrsquos thought Eglinton delves into a rich historical proposal

that illumines a way orward or understanding the intricate relationship

between dogmatics and ethics With regard to sanctification Eglinton

musters Bavinckrsquos insights to suggest that whereas justification consists o

an objective declaration sanctification consists o both an objective decla-ration o holiness and a subjective process o becoming more holy

In order to liberate the Christian conception o holiness rom misrepre-

sentations that present it as stifling and lie-denying on the one hand or

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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1048625983092 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

over-realized on the other Ivor Davidson ably starts off part three by pro-

viding a dogmatic account o how the theological oundations o this doc-

trine should inorm our lives Tis task leads him to reconsider the mani-estation o Yahwehrsquos holiness in the Bible which culminates in Christrsquos lie

and in contemporaneous Christian praxis God in se is wholly other and

as such is qualitatively unique and incomparably holy Tis holiness as

exemplified in the lie o Christ ofen conounds us it exhibits an intense

jealousy or sinners and concomitant concern or sinul creatures And be-

cause o the definitiveness o Christrsquos holiness Davidson argues that be-

lievers are in a very real sense holy now Christian participation in hisholiness imitates the cruciormity o Jesus through enacting a lie-activity

o repentance and aith

I Kelly Kapic offer some reflections on the relationship between physical

suffering and sanctification Employing the theological virtues o aith hope

and love I argue or the importance o the community during times o su-

ering and struggle Drawing on the likes o Kierkegaard and Luther or

example I suggest that we should view our Christian lie especially during

times o great difficulty in much more communal ways Put simply when

we are having trouble believing our sisters and brothers in Christ believe

or usmdashthus representing us to God when we find it almost impossible to

have hope ellow saints bring us the resh waters o promise in a way we can

drink o themmdashthus representing God to us finally such aith and hope

requires a context o love otherwise the call to aith can become insensitive

and the appeal to hope abusive But in the context o love the people o God

grow in grace and truth as they sustain one another in aith and hope In a

brie conclusion I raise three theological images as correspondents to these

truths cross resurrection and eastmdasheach o them provides the rich back-

ground or how we experience and understand aith hope and love

Like Ellis in his essay Julie Canlis offers an incisive reflection on union

with Christ and its connection to sanctification Aiming to provide a cre-

ative and ertile discussion without getting bogged down by what she sees

as recent unhelpul infighting about this doctrine she argues that unionwith Christ was meant to ensure adoption and to uniy the ecclesial com-

munity Far rom being a substantial inusion o grace or a purely legal trans-

action adoptive union is made real by receiving the person o Jesus not just

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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Introduction 10486251048629

his mere benefits and this is always through the person o the Holy Spirit

In this thoroughly interpersonal affair the Spirit is the one who makes us

daughters and sons and empowers us to live out our sonship in meaningulaction

Peter Moorersquos essay ldquoSanctification Trough Preachingrdquo looks to the

pedagogical method o John Chrysostom to offer wisdom or contempo-

raries in pastoral leadership who are concerned with the sanctification o

their people Conronting traditional notions o education and transor-

mation as merely the transer o ideas Moore shows how Chrysostom em-

phasized the sanctiying effect o encountering another disciple and beingtransormed by his gnōmē (γνώμη) that is his ldquochosen lie trajectoryrdquo Ac-

cordingly he argues that sanctification ofen occurs as the believer lives with

and inevitably starts to ollow a Christian mentor since that embodied

guide points them to the good lie o communion with God

Many should be thanked or helping make this volume possible but only

a relatively ew can be mentioned here First and oremost it is only by the

generosity o Rutherord House and under the leadership o Andrew Mc-

Gowan that this work exists Second I have been greatly assisted by two

ormer students o mine Grady Dickinson at the start o the editorial

process and even more by Jimmy Myers who helped me in endless ways to

see it to completion Tird while the opinions expressed in this publication

are those o the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views o the John

empleton Foundation or Biolarsquos Center or Christian Tought this publi-

cation benefited rom a research ellowship at Biola Universityrsquos Center or

Christian Tought which was made possible through the support o a gen-

erous grant rom the John empleton Foundation I was able to complete

this manuscript while beginning my time at CC While there Dave Strobo-

lakos careully reviewed the manuscript or me and Steve Porter C Stephen

Evans Tomas Crisp David Horner William Struthers James Wilhoit

Christopher Kaczor Rachel Dee Evan Rosa and others provided a antastic

working environment Fourth Brannon Ellis David Congdon and Andy

Le Peau all o whom represented IVP Academic very well deserve thanksor their productive encouragement eedback and help Finally volumes

like this are only as good as the contributors and I am thankul to those who

were so receptive to editorial eedback and took the time to revise their

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1726

Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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10486251048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

essays with the hope that they might prove useul to a wider audience Our

great hope and prayer is that readers may find this volume in some ways

helpul drawing them back to consider aresh what it means to be united toChrist sanctified by his Spirit and drawn into genuine communion with the

living God and his people

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1726

Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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CONTRIBUTORS

Henri Blocher is proessor o systematic theology at the Faculte Libre de

Teologie Evangelique Vaux-sur-Seine France His works include Original

Sin Illuminating the Riddle (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486241048625) Evil and the Cross An

Analytical Look at the Problem of Pain (Kregel 1048626104862410486241048629) La Doctrine du Christ

(Ediac 1048626104862410486241048626) and La Bible au microscope (Ediac 1048626104862410486241048630)

Julie Canlis earned her PhD rom the University o St Andrews winning

the 1048626104862410486241048631 John empleton Award or Teological Promise or her work onJohn Calvin Her book Calvinrsquos Ladder (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048624) won the Christi-

anity oday Award o Merit or Teology in 1048626104862410486251048625

Ivor J Davidson is proessor o systematic and historical theology at the

University o St Andrews He is author o A Short History of Arianism (Cam-

bridge University Press 1048626104862410486251048627) Te Birth of the Church (Baker Books 104862610486241048624983092)

A Public Faith (Baker Books 1048626104862410486241048629) editor o the two-volume Ambrose De

Officiis (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486241048626) and coeditor with Murray A Rae o

God of Salvation Soteriology in Teological Perspective (Ashgate 1048626104862410486251048624)

James Eglinton is Meldrum Lecturer in Reormed Teology at New College

University o Edinburgh His publications include rinity and Organism o-

wards a New Reading of Herman Bavinckrsquos Organic Motif ( amp Clark 1048626104862410486251048626) and

articles such as ldquoo ranscend and to ransorm Te Neo-Calvinist Relationship

o Church and Cultural ransormationrdquo (Te Kuyper Center Review 1048627 [1048626104862410486251048626])

Brannon Ellis (PhD University o Aberdeen) is acquisitions editor or

Lexham Press He is the author o various essays as well as Calvin Classical

rinitarianism and the Aseity of the Son (Oxord University Press 1048626104862410486251048626)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1726

Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1926

- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

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Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

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10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1626

10486261048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

Michael Horton is J Gresham Machen Proessor o Systematic Teology

and Apologetics at Westminster Seminary Caliornia as well as the editor

in chie o Modern Reformation magazine and host o White Horse InnSome o Hortonrsquos many books include Covenant and Eschatology Te Divine

Drama (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048626) Lord and Servant A Covenant

Christology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048629) People and Place A Covenant

Ecclesiology (Westminster John Knox 1048626104862410486241048632) and Te Christian Faith A Sys-

tematic Teology for Pilgrims on the Way (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048625)

Kelly M Kapic is proessor o theological studies at Covenant College Some

o his publications include Communion with God Te Divine and theHuman in John Owenrsquos Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048631) God So Loved He

Gave (Zondervan 1048626104862410486251048624) A Little Book for New Teologians Why and How

to Study Teology (IVP Academic 1048626104862410486251048626) as well as serving as coeditor with

Bruce McCormack o Mapping Modern Teology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

and coauthor with Wesley Vander Lugt o Pocket Dictionary of the Reformed

radition (InterVarsity Press 1048626104862410486251048627)

Richard Lints is Andrew Mutch Distinguished Proessor o Teology and

vice president or academic affairs at Gordon-Conwell Teological Sem-

inary His publications include Te Fabric of Teology (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486331048627) Re-

newing the Evangelical Mission (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) Progressive and Conser-

vative Religious Ideologies Te umultuous Decade of the 1048625104863310486301048624s (Ashgate

1048626104862410486251048624) and Personal Identity in Teological Perspective (coedited with Michael

Horton and Mark albot Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048630)

Bruce L McCormack is Charles Hodge Proessor o Systematic heology

at Princeton heological Seminary He is author o Karl Barthrsquos Critically

Realistic Dialectical heology Its Genesis and Development 1048625104863310486241048633ndash1048625104863310486271048630

(Oxord University Press 1048625104863310486331048629) Orthodox and Modern Studies in the

heology of Karl Barth (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486241048632) as well as serving as

coeditor o such volumes as Karl Barth and American Evangelicalism

(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486251048625) and Mapping Modern heology (Baker Academic 1048626104862410486251048626)

McCormack is also a member o the Karl Barth Stitung in Basel Swit-

zerland and the North American coeditor o the Zeitschrift fuumlr Dialek-

tische heologie

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

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httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1726

Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1926

- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 17: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1726

Contributors 10486261048625

Peter Moore (PhD Macquarie University) is lecturer in theology with the

imothy Partnership in Sydney Australia and has served as a Presbyterian

minister or twenty-three years His work has included an extensive men-toring ministry supporting Presbyterian Anglican and Baptist pastors

Moorersquos publications include ldquoGold Without Dross Assessing the Debt o

John Calvin to the Preaching o John Chrysostomrdquo (Reformed Teological

Review 10486301048632 no 1048626 [1048626104862410486241048633] which is also his PhD title) ldquoPlain alk with a Gilt

Edge An Exploration o the Relation Between lsquoPlainrsquo Biblical Exposition

and Persuasion in Chrysostom and Calvinrdquo (Westminster Teological

Journal 10486311048627 no 1048625 [Spring 1048626104862410486251048625]) and a recent essay on Chrysostom in StudiaPatristica vol LXVII (Leuven Peeters 1048626104862410486251048627)

Oliver OrsquoDonovan is proessor emeritus o Christian ethics and practical

theology at the University o Edinburgh His numerous publications include

Te Problem of Self-Love in Saint Augustine (Yale University Press 1048625104863310486311048633)

Begotten or Made (Oxord University Press 104862510486331048632983092) Resurrection and Moral

Order (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048630) Peace and Certainty (Eerdmans 1048625104863310486321048633) Te Desire

of the Nations (Cambridge University Press 1048625104863310486331048630) Common Objects of Love(Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048626) and Te Ways of Judgment (Eerdmans 1048626104862410486241048629)

Derek Tidball is currently visiting scholar at Spurgeonrsquos College London

and he serves as editor o the widely used Bible Speaks oday Bible Temes

series Previously he was principal o the London School o Teology He is

author o Skillful Shepherds An Introduction to Pastoral Teology (Zondervan

1048625104863310486321048630) Who Are the Evangelicals racing the Roots of Modern Movements

(Marshall Pickering 104862510486331048633983092) and Te Reality Is Christ Te Message of Colos-sians for oday (Christian Focus 1048625104863310486331048633)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

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8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1926

- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 18: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1826

PRELUDE

An Opening Homily

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1926

- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 19: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 1926

- 852017 -

HOLINESS

Restoring Godrsquos Image

Colossians 983091983093-983089983095

Derek Tidball

Put to death therefore whatever belongs to your earthly nature sexual

immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is idolatry Be-

cause of these the wrath of God is coming You used to walk in these

ways in the life you once lived But now you must rid yourselves of all

such things as these anger rage malice slander and filthy language from your lips Do not lie to each other since you have taken off your

old self with its practices and have put on the new self which is being

renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator Here there is no

Greek or Jew circumcised or uncircumcised barbarian Scythian slave

or free but Christ is all and is in all

Terefore as Godrsquos chosen people holy and dearly loved clothe your-

selves with compassion kindness humility gentleness and patience

Bear with each other and forgive whatever grievances you may have

against one another Forgive as the Lord forgave you And over all these

virtues put on love which binds them all together in perfect unity

Let the peace of Christ rule in your hearts since as members of one

body you were called to peace And be thankful Let the word of Christ

dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 20: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2026

10486261048630 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

wisdom and as you sing psalms hymns and spiritual songs with grat-

itude in your hearts to God And whatever you do whether in word or

deed do it all in the name of the Lord Jesus giving thanks to God the

Father through him

C983151983148983151983155983155983145983137983150983155 10486271048629-10486251048631 983150983145983158983089

Michelangelo sculpted his exquisite Pietagrave the statue o Mary nursing her

crucified yet serene son when he was just twenty-our It was the only

sculpture he ever signed Installed in St Peterrsquos Basilica Rome in 1048625104862910486241048624 the

Pietagrave stood there mostly undisturbed983090 until Laszio oth a thirty-three-year-

old Hungarian-born Australian attacked it with a hammer in 1048625104863310486311048626 othrsquos

onslaught resulted in severe damage to the nose lef eye and veil o Mary as

well as leaving her lef arm shattered Onlookers reportedly took some o

these shattered pieces away as souvenirs Te masterpiece o Renaissance art

was now a damaged masterpiece in need o restoration Over succeeding

months the sculpture was painstakingly repaired by taking a block o marble

rom its back where the hole lef behind would not be seen and restoring

the Pietagrave to its original image

Holiness may be defined in many ways Te heart o holiness lies in the

restoration o Godrsquos image in us As with the Pietagrave an enemy has entered

our world and attacked human beings who were made in the image o God

(Gen 104862510486261048631) leaving us damaged and lacking We are spoiled masterpieces

Te enemyrsquos attack is not the whole story explaining our all rom Godrsquos

gracious intention at creation Like any statue we pick up the grime o lie

and the pollution o our allen world takes its toll Unlike a lieless statue the

deacement o Godrsquos image in us is due not only to enemy attack or to the

1All scripture verses in this chapter are from the 983150983145983158 10486259830979830969830922It sustained minor damage when being moved in 1048625983095983091983094 and was displayed briefly in New York

in 1048625983097983094983092

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 21: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2126

Holiness 10486261048631

effect o a allen environment but also to much sel-harm as we choose to

live in disobedience to and alienation rom God Te cumulative result o

the onslaughts o the devil the world and the flesh is that we are spoiledmasterpieces in need o restoration

Christ is the masterul crafsman who painstakingly sets about the work

o restoring Godrsquos image in us through his Holy Spirit

Colossians 10486271048629-10486251048631 does not say everything there is to be said about sancti-

fication but it takes us to the heart o Christrsquos work o restoration Te Chris-

tians in Colossae had a wrong understanding o how Godrsquos image could be

restored in them Tey believed that holiness would develop through theadoption o ascetic practices or through undergoing extraordinary spiritual

experiences (Col 104862610486251048630-10486261048627) But their belie was mistaken because it was based

on an insufficient grasp o the work o Christrsquos sufficiency

In correcting them Paul explains the meaning o holiness in three

dimensions

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156983148983145983147983141 C983144983137983154983137983139983156983141983154

Paul provides the Colossians with two lists o characteristics that are incom-

patible with living a lie in Christ Te first starts with actions and leads to at-

titudes ldquosexual immorality impurity lust evil desires and greed which is

idolatryrdquo (Col 10486271048629) Te second goes in the reverse direction starting with at-

titudes and leading to actions ldquoanger rage malice slander and filthy languagerdquo

(Col 10486271048632) and lying (Col 10486271048633) Tese attitudes and actions he said were to be

ldquoput to deathrdquo (Col 10486271048629) as surely as a crucified man was put to death and got rid

o (Col 10486271048632) as surely as last weekrsquos rubbish is removed by the trash collectors

He gives several reasons why we take such decisive action including the

avoidance o the ldquowrath o Godrdquo that is coming (Col 10486271048630) But the deeper

reason is not a pragmatic onemdashin order to avoid punishmentmdashbut a more

worthy one We divest ourselves o these qualities because they are incom-

patible with our identity as Christians Using language that by common

consent picks up the image o baptism where candidates would disrobe to

be baptized and clothe themselves in new garments afer emerging rom thewater Paul reminds them that in becoming ollowers o Christ they have

ldquotaken off [the] old sel with its practices and have put on the new sel which

is being renewed in knowledge in the image of its Creator rdquo (Col 10486271048633-10486251048624)

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 22: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2226

10486261048632 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

In perhaps more contemporary terms it is a question o whose uniorm

we are wearing Uniorms display not only what we are called to do but also

to whom we belong and whose management we are under Are we wearingthe old and shabby uniorm o Adam or the renewed designer clothes o

Christ Te context suggests that the ldquoselrdquo spoken o here reers not so

much to the personal inner motivating power o sin as to our corporate

identity As Douglas Moo explains ldquoTe contrast o the lsquoold sel rsquo and lsquonew

sel rsquo alludes to one o Paulrsquos most undamental theological conceptions the

contrast between a realm in opposition to God rooted in Adamrsquos sin and

characterized by sin and death and the new realm rooted in Christrsquos deathand resurrection and characterized by righteousness o lierdquo1048627 Te corporate

dimension suraces clearly in verse 10486251048625 and is a crucial i neglected di-

mension o the meaning o holiness

Te ldquoputting offrdquo o the old uniorm in verses 1048629-1048633 is balanced by the

ldquoputting onrdquo o verses 10486251048626-10486251048631 Holiness does not consist o stopping bad be-

havior and eschewing sinul attitudes alone but o replacing them with good

behavior and pursuing Christlike attitudes Years ago Michael Griffiths

warned that ldquothere is a kind o Christian negative holiness which rejoices in

discarding various orms o worldliness but which leaves the individual

stark nakedrdquo1048628 Paul would have us clothed ldquowith compassion kindness hu-

mility gentleness and patiencerdquo (Col 104862710486251048626) Ten he calls us to ldquoput on love

which binds them all together in perect unityrdquo (Col 10486271048625983092) Tese are charac-

teristics that describe Jesus Christ perectly We all know o Christians who

believe themselves to be holy because they avoid certain things but they are

inhibited people ofen pharisaical in disposition who as Mark wain said

are ldquogood in the worst sense o the wordrdquo Holiness is more than avoiding

sin It is cultivating the character o Christ in us

Although the ldquosel rdquo spoken o here is corporate the implications are per-

sonal and individual We are each called to work out the reality o our

transer to the new realm o being under Christ Te difficulty we ace is that

the old realm still exists Since it has not yet been destroyed it still has some

attraction or us So working out our new position is ofen a struggle but in

3Douglas Moo Te Letters to the Colossians and to Philemon Pillar New Testament Commentary

(Grand Rapids Eerdmans 1048626983088983088983096) p 10486269830949830964Michael Griffiths Cinderella with Amnesia (London Inter-Varsity Press 1048625983097983095983093) p 983095983096

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 23: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2326

Holiness 10486261048633

the gradual transormation o our characters into Christlikeness we see the

new realm dawning and advancing toward its ullness

o help us understand urther Paul ocuses on the role that our mindsplay in this

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 H983137983158983141 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-R983141983150983141983159983141983140 M983145983150983140

On this occasion Paul does not say that we are being renewed in the image

o our Creator but that we are being ldquorenewed in knowledge in the image o

[our] Creatorrdquo (Col 104862710486251048624) Why does he insert the words ldquoin knowledgerdquo

which seem to interrupt what might be the more natural flow o his wordsTe account o the all in Genesis 104862610486251048631 draws attention to the importance

o the mind in causing humanityrsquos downall consequently it is vital that that

which played such a crucial role in causing the problem should be addressed

in the giving o the solution Adam and Eve were told by God ldquoYou must

not eat rom the tree o knowledge o good and evilrdquo (Gen 104862610486251048631) While it is

difficult to unpack the meaning o the treersquos mysterious title in ull it is ev-

ident that this was a tree that would provide Adam and Eve with knowledge

beyond what was good or them as human beings Its ruit would lead them

to know everything as God knows it and so to become independent rom

their Creator dispensing with the need or him and leading them to live

autonomous and sel-sufficient lives

Te mind in Hebrew thought was not so much about abstract intellectual

or philosophical thought as in the Greek world but about practical wisdom

So we must be careul not to apply this lie o the mind simply to the impor-

tance o correct theological discussion much beloved in academia Tat

may miss the point Te way we think shapes the way we live and governs

what we do As Proverbs 98309210486261048627 puts it ldquoBe careul how you think your lie is

shaped by your thoughtsrdquo (983156983141983158) Tis is as true o young rioters as o aid

workers o middle-class materialists as o selfless monks o school dropouts

as o university proessors All need their minds renewed in Christ It is

about thinking correctly as God would have us think so that we might live

correctly As Paul expressed it in the parallel text in Ephesians 98309210486261048626-1048626983092 ldquoYouwere taught to be made new in the attitude o your minds and to put on

the new sel created to be like God in true righteousness and holinessrdquo

Paul tells us that such a renewal is going to be a progressive work of God

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 24: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2426

10486271048624 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

He uses the passive continuous tense ldquowhich is being renewedrdquo Paul is not

intent here on encouraging passivity which leaves the work o transor-

mation wholly up to God and treats the believer as i he or she were ananaesthetized body undergoing an operation by a divine surgeon Tere

are plenty o active commands in the context to prevent us rom alling into

that error (although we may want to debate exactly how the divine and

human interact) His point is rather that the renewal o the mind and so

o Godrsquos image in us is a process it does not take place in an instant nor

has it taken place ully yet When the allied orces withdrew rom Iraq and

returned the country to the new regime in Baghdad they wrote what wascalled ldquoa script or reconstructionrdquo Believers having withdrawn rom being

under Adamrsquos regime and now serving under Christrsquos lordship are engaged

by the grace o God and in the power o his Spirit in enacting a script or

reconstruction throughout their lives Peter OrsquoBrien speaks o it as ldquothe

believersrsquo progressive ability to recognize Godrsquos will and commandrdquo and to

live in accordance with it1048629

I it is progressive and we have an active part in it it means we must work

out our new identity daily learning new habits adopting new disciplines

practicing the steps that will enable us to become the persons God intended

us to be maniesting his image in the world Te transormation o character

does not just happen It happens as om Wright has recently pointed out

partly in the same way we learn anything by adopting those steps that help

us get to our goal and practicing them until they ldquobecome habitual a matter

o second naturerdquo1048630

I holiness is progressive it is also purposeful Te goal is not that we

should just become better people nicer neighbors (although that should be

a byproduct) and certainly not necessarily more astute or pedantic theolo-

gians but that we should be renewed ldquoin the image o the Creatorrdquo

In Colossians such a phrase drives us back to the ldquohymnrdquo in Colossians

104862510486251048629 which celebrates the Son as ldquothe image o the invisible Godrdquo and the one

in whom through whom and or whom all things were created So the goal

is to become Christlike In the words o C F D Moule re-creation ldquois in the

5Peter T OrsquoBrien Colossians Philemon Word Biblical Commentary 983092983092 (Waco Word 10486259830979830961048626) p 104862598309710486266Tom Wright Virtue Reborn (London SPCK 10486269830881048625983088) p 1048626983095

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 25: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2526

Holiness 10486271048625

pattern of Christ who is Godrsquos Likeness absolutelyrdquo1048631 Tis is none other than

the ancient call to ldquobe holy because I the L983151983154983140 your God am holyrdquo (Lev

104862510486331048626) updated by the new covenant which gives us the advantage o seeingwhat it means to be perectly holy what the unblemished image o God

looks like in a human being and so what it means to be truly human

modeled by the person o Christ

o be holy is to have the image o God given to us at creation restored

in us It is thereore to be truly human and truly Christlike

H983151983148983145983150983141983155983155 I983155 983156983151 B983141983148983151983150983143 983156983151 983137 C983144983154983145983155983156-T983154983137983150983155983142983151983154983149983141983140 C983151983149983149983157983150983145983156983161

Te whole thrust o Paulrsquos writing in Colossians 1048627 prevents us rom taking

holiness as limited to personal ethics or individual character It is about

living in the new community Again this is the new covenant outworking o

Godrsquos unchanging desire to have people o his own evident first in the

Garden o Eden but then advanced through the call o Abraham and in the

calling o Israel So holiness is relational and no one can claim to be holy i

they are isolated or insulated rom others who name Christ as Lord Isola-

tionist Christians are a contradiction to what it means to be in Christ Ho-

liness is about belonging to a holy people (Ex 104862510486331048629 1048625 Pet 10486261048633)

In Colossians 104862710486251048625-10486251048631 Paul expresses the nature o a Christ-transormed

community first negatively and then positively

Negatively it is clear that the old identity markers that discriminated be-

tween people in the conventional worldmdashthat is the world o Adam o the

old selmdashno longer have currency Tey are like an ancient deunct cur-

rency that no longer has any trading value Four such boundaries are men-

tioned Tey are ethnic (ldquono Greek or Jewrdquo) ritual (ldquocircumcised or un-

circumcisedrdquo) cultural (ldquobarbarian Scythianrdquo) and social (ldquoslave or reerdquo)1048632

A church where such distinctions matter has not understood holiness An

individual who is racist who judges people by their religious rituals or is a

social snob or or that matter one who is sexist has not begun to under-

stand the meaning o holiness

7C F D Moule Te Epistle of Paul the Apostle to the Colossians and Philemon Cambridge Greek

Testament Commentary (Cambridge Cambridge University Press 1048625983097983094983096) p 104862510486269830888On the choice of these boundary markers and the difference between this list and that in Gal

9830911048626983096 see Derek Tidball In Christ in Colossae Sociological Perspectives on Colossians (Milton

Keynes Paternoster 104862698308810486251048625) pp 983093983096-983094983088

Copyrighted Material wwwivpresscompermissions

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator

Page 26: Sanctification Edited by Kelly M. Kapic - EXCERPT

8112019 Sanctification Edited by Kelly M Kapic - EXCERPT

httpslidepdfcomreaderfullsanctification-edited-by-kelly-m-kapic-excerpt 2626

10486271048626 S983137983150983139983156983145983142983145983139983137983156983145983151983150

By contrast positively the only thing that matters is that ldquoChrist is all and

is in allrdquo Consequently i holiness is living in his image we relate to one

another as he related to others Tat means

bull the character o Christ will shape us (Col 104862710486251048626-1048625983092) ldquocompassion kindness

humility gentleness and patiencerdquo bearing with one another and or-

giving as he orgave us

bull the peace o Christ will rule between us (Col 104862710486251048629) causing us to settle

disputes and arguments and working or unity

bull the word o Christ will dwell in us (Col 104862710486251048630) so that all we do will seek

to be consistent with his message and

bull the honor o the name o Christ will determine our behavior (Col 104862710486251048631) in

every dimension o our lives

For many Christians this corporate dimension is the missing dimension

o holiness I know many who would never dream o getting drunk or com-

mitting adultery and rightly so yet have no conscience about having a row

in church or speaking in a racist way or espousing other socially divisiveattitudes

Holiness is wider than we think Holiness is about

bull our separation rom sin

bull our devotion to Christ

bull our adoption o godly habits and

bull our identification with Christ in practice

But holiness is also about

bull the individual and relational dimensions o our lives

bull the detailed and specific as well as the general and comprehensive aspects

o our living

bull our doing and our being

bull our thinking and our acting and

bull our being passively transormed and actively obedient

Holiness is the painstaking restoration by the most skilled crafsman o

all o ruined masterpieces in the image o their creator