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San Jose State University Engineering 10 1
JKA & KY
San Jose State University Engineering 10 2
Plotting in Excel - ChartsSelect Insert → Chart Or click on Chart icon in the toolbar
Select chart type, Standard or Custom
San Jose State University Engineering 10 3
Column Chart
• Definition: A chart that consists of multiple columns (vertical bars), and the height of each column represents the quantity associated with the corresponding category.
• There are seven options under the Chart sub-type.
• Use this type of chart for visual comparison of the quantities associated with different categories
San Jose State University Engineering 10 4
Column Chart - Example
Grade # Students
Frosh 4000
Sophomore 4000
Junior 7000
Senior 7000
Graduate 8000
# Students 07
02000400060008000
10000
Grades
# St
uden
ts # Students 07
• Select “Column” under “Chart Type” (Standard) and click on “Next”. Data range is the Cells containing your data. The data should include category names and corresponding quantities, in two columns.
• Enter the cell addresses directly into the “Data range” box. Or, first click on the small red arrow at the extreme right of the “Data range” box, then highlight the data, and then click on the small red arrow again. For the question of “Series in:”, select “Columns”, because the categories and the corresponding quantities are organized in two separate columns. Click on “Next”.
• Under the “Titles” tab, enter a proper title, for example, “#s Students 07”; the Category (X) Axis could be “Grades”; the Value (Y) Axis could be “# Students”. Under “Data Labels” or other tabs, enter definitions or select preferences about the chart, if any.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 5
Multi-Column Chart - Example
Grade 2001 2007
Frosh 3500 4000
Sophomore 3500 4000
Junior 6500 7000
Senior 6500 7000
Grad. 7000 8000
Multiple Column Charts, for Comparison, # Students in Different Grades FOR 2 YEARS
# SJSU Students in 01 & 07
02000400060008000
10000
Grades
# Stu
dent
s # 01
# 07
San Jose State University Engineering 10 6
Pie Chart• Definition: A graph in the shape of a circle divided into
sectors, whose areas correspond to the proportions of the quantities.
• Application: Visual representation of relative magnitudes of a given set of quantities
Example
8000Graduate
7000Senior
7000Junior
4000Sophomore
4000Frosh
# Students
07
Grade
San Jose State University Engineering 10 7
Pie Chart• Select “Pie” under “Chart Type”, and click on “Next”. Data Range is the
Cells containing your data. The data should include category names and corresponding quantities.
• Enter the cell addresses directly into the “Data range” box. Or, first click on the small red arrow at the extreme right of the “Data range” box, then highlight the data, and then click on the small red arrow again. For the question of “Series in:”, select “Columns”, because the categories and the corresponding quantities are organized in two separate columns. Click on “Next”.
• Under the “Titles” tab, enter a proper title, etc. (In the example below, the title could be “Music Preference in Young Adult Ages 14-19”.) Under the “Data Labels” tab, check “Category Name” so that, in the chart legend, the different category names are color. Also check “Percentage” if you want percentages to appear by the corresponding pie sectors.
- 19
10Classical
50Country
65Rock & Roll
125Alternative
250Rap
# Students in Sample (500)
Music TypeMusic preferences in young adults ages 14
San Jose State University Engineering 10 8
XY Plots
XY plots are two dimensional graphs. Scientifically, it is a plot of independent variable (X) against a dependent variable (Y).
The plot is used to obtain a functional relationship between two variables
There are five options in Chart sub-type menu. The first option, where only points are plotted, is the most common type used in engineering and science fields. A curve is fitted to the plotted points to obtain the function describing the relationship between the two variable.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 9
XY Plots - ExamplesTest Score vs. Study Hours
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The Number of Hours Spent on Studying for the Test
Test
Sco
re
Stress
Stress vs. Strain Curve
0255075
100125150175200225250275300325350375400425450475500525550575
0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3
Strain (mm/mm)
Str
ess
(MP
a)
479.14540.23876
507.66590.1778
525.59310.127
507.66590.06096
435.14220.02032
355.28470.00498
333.28310.0033
308.0220.00204
259.94450.0012
90.450910.00035
00
Strain
Test result
San Jose State University Engineering 10 10
XY Plots• Click on “Insert”, and select “Chart”.
• Select “XY (Scatter)” under “Chart Type”, and click on “Next”. Data Range is the Cells containing your data.
• Enter the cell addresses directly into the “Data range” box. Or, first click on the small red arrow at the extreme right of the “Data range”, then highlight the data, and then click on the small red arrow again. For the question of “Series in:”, select “Columns”, because the X values and the Y values are organized in two separate columns. Click on “Next”.
• Under the “Titles” tab, enter a proper title, a label for the X axis and a label for the Y axis.
• Click on “Next”, and then click on “Finish”.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 11
Fitting a Curve to Data Points (XY)
Test Score vs. Study Hours
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The Number of Hours Spent on Studying for the TestTe
st S
core
Given the plot of test results, the question is what would be your test score if you studied for 2.5 hours, no data is available for 2.5 hours.
In order to answer the question, you have to find the function relating the test score to the number of hours spent studying.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 12
Fitting a Curve to Data Points (XY)
Right click on any data point and select Add Trendline from the menu.
There are six option to select from, start with your best guess and check the fit. The best fit is indicated by how close the correlation factor, R2, is to unity, the closer to 1 the better the fit.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 13
Fitting a Curve to Data Points (XY)
From the option menu, check the two options to display the equation and to display the R2 value.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 14
Fitting a Curve to Data Points (XY)
y = .2361(2.5)5 – 4.4722(2.5)4 +31.764(2.5)3 – 107.53(2.5)2 + 185(2.5) – 60
y = 75.11
Substitute x = 2.5 in the equation to find y (hours spent studying or read the y value form the graph.
4th order polynomial
6th order polynomial, the best fit
San Jose State University Engineering 10 15
HistogramHistogram shows the frequency of data items in successive numerical intervals of equal size (Bar chart representing a frequency distribution).
Select Data Analysis from the Tools menu
Select Histogram
San Jose State University Engineering 10 16
Histogram
7. Plot the intermediate two-column table as a Column Chart
Analyze Data
Plot the Result
3. Specify “Input Range” (cells containing the data)
4. Specify “Bin Range” (cells containing upper bounds of the consecutive intervals partitioning the domain). If you omit this range, then Excel will automatically create bin range.
5. Select options if desirable.
6. Click on “OK” to create an intermediate two-column data table as input to histogram plotting.
1. Click on “Tools”, and select “Data Analysis”.
2. Under “Analysis Tools”, select “Histogram” and click on “OK”.
San Jose State University Engineering 10 17
Histogram - Example
Test scores
Selected intervals
San Jose State University Engineering 10 18
Histogram - Example
Test scores frequency
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Test score
Fre
qu
en
cy
Frequency