S7 Performance Issues LTC2013

7/29/2019 S7 Performance Issues LTC2013

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Louisiana Transportation ConferenceBaton Rouge, LA

Feb. 18, 2013


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Lab Tests on WMA

Nearly all WMA produced to date used an HMA mix design Lower mix temperatures cause less asphalt adsorption for

most aggregates, which can change volumetric properties.

Lab tests for rutting and moisture damage potential for

WMA commonly yield less favorable results compared toHMA


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Location Route WMA Technologies Date Co

St. Louis, MO Hall Street Evotherm ET, Sasobit, Aspha-min May-200

Iron Mtn., MI M95 Sasobit Sep-2006

Silverthorne, CO I-70 Advera, Sasobit, Evotherm DAT Aug-200

Franklin, TN SR45 Astec DBG, Advera, Evotherm DAT, Sasobit Oct-2007

Graham, TX US 380 Astec DBG Jun-2008

George, WA I-90 Sasobit Jun-2008

Walla Walla, WA US-12 Maxam Aquablack Apr-2010

Centreville, VA I-66 Astec DBG Jun-2010

Rapid River, MI CR-513 Evotherm 3G, and Advera Jun-2010

Baker, MT Route 322 Evotherm DAT Aug-201

Munster, IN Calumet Ave. Evotherm, Gencor foam, Heritage wax Sep-2010

Jeff. Co., FL SR 30 Terex foaming system Oct-2010

Queens, NY Little Neck Pkwy

Cecabase, SonneWarmix, BituTech PER Oct-2010

Case Grande, AZ SR 84 Sasobit Dec-201

NCHRP 9-47A Projects


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Production Temperatures, 9-47A Projects

200

220

240

260

280

300

320

340

360

380

Productio

nTemperature(F)

WMA HMA


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Field Performance Evaluation Procedure

Three 200-foot analysis sections per mix section

Three 6 dia. cores from outside the wheelpaths, and four 6

dia. cores from the wheelpaths

Cores used to determine the in-place density, indirect tensile

strengths, specific gravity, gradation, asphalt content, and

the true binder grade for each mix.


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Field

Performance


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Existing Projects


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Hall Street, St. Louis

Constructed May 2006 WMA Techn.: Sasobit,

Evotherm ET, Aspha-min

Overlay of old concrete

pavement in industrial area Mix Type: 12.5mm NMAS

Binder Type: PG70-22

Ndesign = 100gyrations

Climate: Wet- Freeze

HMA over crack sealant

WMA over crack sealan


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Hall Street, St. Louis, MO

Revisit Oct 2011 (5 years 5 months)

HMA Sasobit Evotherm ET Aspha min

Rutting (mm) 1.9 0.8 2.4 2.4

Total Length of

Cracks (ft.)628 1092 835 1310

Density (%Gmm) 96.1 94.8 97.4 96.8


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M95 Iron Mountain, MI

Constructed Sept. 2006

WMA Tech.: Sasobit

Mix type: 9.5 mm NMAS

Ndesign = 86 gyrations

Binder Grade: PG 58-34

Climate: Wet- freeze


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M95 Iron Mountain, MI

Revisit June 2011 (4 years 9 months)

HMA Sasobit

Rut Depth (mm) 1.4 0

Total Length ofCracks (ft.)

3 46

Density (%Gmm) 97.3 95.7


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Silverthorne, Co

Constructed August 2007

WMA Tech.: Advera, Sasobit,

Evotherm DAT

Mix type: 9.5 mm NMAS

Overlay of thermal crackedasphalt pavement

Climate: Dry Freeze



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Silverthorne, Co

Revisit Oct 2010 (3 years 2 months)

HMA Advera SasobitEvotherm

DAT

Rut Depth (mm) 6 4 6 6

Total Length of Cracks (ft.) 11 1 3 3

Density (%Gmm) 96.7 97.8 97.1 97.1


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Franklin, TN

Constructed Oct. 2007

WMA Technologies: Evotherm DAT,

Advera, Sasobit, Astec Double

Barrel Green

Mix type: Marshall 12.5 mm NMAS

Climate: Wet, No Freeze

Binder Type: PG 70-22


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Franklin, TN

Revisit March 2011 (3 years 5 months)

HMA AdveraAstec

DBG

Evotherm

DAT Sasobit

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0.5 0.4 0 0

Total Length of

Cracks (ft.)30 105 58 4 314

Density (%Gmm) 92.8 88.6 88.2 89.9 86.8


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Graham, TX

Constructed June 2008

WMA Tech.: Astec DBG

Mix Type: 9.5 mm NMAS


Climate: Dry-no freeze


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Graham, TX

Revisit Dec 2010 (2 year 6 months)

HMAAstec

DBG

Rutting (mm) 0 0

Total Length of Cracks (ft.) 58.0 81.5

Density (%Gmm) 97.0 94.2


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New Projects


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Walla Walla, WA, 1 and 2 years Revisits WMA Technology: Maxam Aquablack

Mix Type: 12.5 mm NMAS Ndesign = 100 gyrations


Climate: Dry -Freeze No cracking

HMA Maxam Aquablack

Density at Constr.

(%Gmm)94.7 94.4

Density At Revisits

(%Gmm)

Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2

95.9 96.3 95.2 95.7


Cracking (ft/600) 0 0 0 0


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Centreville, VA, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No cracking

WMA Tech.: Astec DBG




Climate: Wet- freeze

HMA Astec DBG

Density at Constr.

(%Gmm)89.1 89.9

Density At Revisits

(%Gmm)


94.4 93.8 93.5 93.4




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Rapid River, MI, 1and 2 Years Revisits

WMA Tech: Advera andEvotherm 3G



Climate: Wet-Freeze No rutting

HMA Advera Evotherm

Density at Constr. (%Gmm) 94.1 95 94.3

Density At Revisits (%Gmm)

Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2

97.6 96.6 96.5 97 96.9 96

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cracking (ft/600) 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 2


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Baker, MT, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

WMA Tech.: Evotherm DAT




Climate: Dry-Freeze

HMA Evotherm

Density at Constr.

(%Gmm)91.3 91.2

Density At Revisits

(%Gmm)


93.6 94 93.7 93.3

Rut Depth (mm)


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Munster, IN, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No rutting




Climate: Wet-Freeze

WMA Tech.: Evotherm, Gencor foam,

Heritage wax

HMA Evotherm Gencor Foam Heritage Wax

Density at Constr.

(%Gmm)88.7 90.3 90.4 88.7

Density At Revisits(%Gmm)

Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit 2 Revisit 1 Revisit

92.9 93.5 93.0 93.3 94.0 93.5 92.9 93.2

Rut Depth (mm) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Cracking (ft/600) 1 14 0 0 14 97 0 0


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Jefferson Co, FL, 1 and 2 Years Revisits

No Cracking




Climate: Wet-No Freeze

WMA Tech.: Terex foaming system

HMA Terex Foam

Density at Constr.

(%Gmm)93 92.1

Density At Revisits(%Gmm)


92.6 91.5 91.8 91.8




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Queens, NY, 1 year, Jan. 2012

HMABituTech

PERCecabase

Sonne

Warmix

Rut Depth (mm) 1.0


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Casa Grande, AZ, 1 Year Revisit

Mix Type: 19 mm NMAS


75 blows (Marshall Mix Design)

Climate: Dry- Freeze

WMA Tech.: Sasobit

HMA Sasobit

Density at Constr. (%Gmm) 90.6 92.4

Density At Revisit (%Gmm) 93.8 94.5

Rut Depth (mm) 3 3

Cracking (ft/600) 0 0

Sections topped with chip sea


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Summary of NCHRP 9-47A Projects

14 projects thoroughly evaluated

Age: up to 6 years old

WMA using HMA mix designs

Traffic ranges: low to very heavy

Climates: hot to very cold Performance: Very good overall

Franklin, TN

Munster, IN

Silverthorne

Baker, MT


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In place densities (=) Core tensile strengths (=)

TSR (= or)

Hamburg SIP (= or )

FN ()

E* (= or )

Fatigue tests (= or )

Engineering Properties


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High PG, Construction Cores

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Maxam

Aquablack

AstecDBG

Ev

otherm3G

Advera

Evo

thermDAT

Ev

otherm3G

Gencor

Ultrafoam

He

ritageWax

Terex

CMIFoam

Cecabase

Son

neWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY AZ

H

ighPGGrade

HMA WMA


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Temperature Difference- High PG (WMA-HMA)

Construction Cores

-2.6

1.2

-0.9

0.7

-0.1

-2.7

-4.2

-2.1 -2.1

-5.7

-4.5

-5.3

-2

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit



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1 Year Cores

1

-8.6

-1.5

3

-1.1 -1.1

-2.3 -2.1

-3

0.60.1

0.5

4.2

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit



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2 Years Cores

2.11.1

-3.7

-1.6

-3.9-3.5

-1.3

1.9

-6.6

0.90.3

4.4

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY

T Bi d L PG


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True Binder Low PG

(Construction Cores)

-40

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit


Low

PGGrad

e

HMA WMA

ff ( )


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Temperature Difference- Low PG (WMA-HMA)

Construction Cores

-1.9 -1.8

0.40

0.4

-2.2 -1.8

0.6 0.6

-4.8

-3.3 -3.5

0.6

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit



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1 Year Cores

-0.1

-4.2

0.7

1.9

-2.3

1.2

-1.3

1.1

-1.4

-2-1.8

-3.4

-1

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

Sasobit



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2 Years Cores

1.82.1

0 0

1.2

-0.7-0.4

4.4

-5.7

-0.6

-1.3

1

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

Evotherm3G

Advera

EvothermDAT

Evotherm3G

GencorUltrafoam

HeritageWax

TerexCMIFoam

Cecabase

SonneWarmix

BituTechPER

WA VA MI MT IN FL NY


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Tensile Strength 2 Year Cores

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

280

320

MaxamAquablack

AstecDBG

EvothermDAT

Terexfoam

AstecDBG

Advera

Evotherm3G

Evotherm

Gencorfoam

Heritagewax

Advera

EvothermDAT

Sasobit

WA VA MT FL TX MI IN CO

TenslieS

trength

2YearCores(ps

i)

HMA WMA


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Documents

S7 Performance Issues LTC2013