ROSACEAE ROSE FAMILY

Plant: herbs, vines, shrubs and trees

Stem:

Root:

Leaves: simple or pinnately compound, mostly alternate but rarely opposite; stipules present but may fall early, or without stipules

Flowers: mostly perfect, a few dioecious, regular (actinomorphic); (4)5 sepals; (4)5 petals or sometimes none; stamens 1-10 to many, often in multiples of 5 around central cup; ovary inferior to sub-inferior or rarely superior, 3- many carpels,1 to many pistils

Fruit: fleshy or dry seed or fruit, various forms

Other: large family; ornamentals such as roses; fruits such as apples, cherries, peaches, plums, etc. as well as strawberries, blackberries and raspberries; Dicotyledons Group

Genera: 125+ genera

WARNING family descriptions are only a laymans guide and should not be used as definitive

Flower Morphology in the Rosaceae (Rose Family)

Small-Flowered AgrimonySilverweed Cinquefoil

Indian [Mock] Strawberry

Wild Strawberry

Bowman's Root Sweet Cherry

Ninebark

Smooth RoseWhite Meadowsweet

Mostly 5 sepals and 5 petals usually with many stamens; leaves mostly alternate or pinnately compound; often with stipules

White Avens

ROSACEAE ROSE FAMILY

Black Chokeberry; Photinia melanocarpa (Michx.) Robertson & PhippsNinebark; Physocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Silvery [Silver] Cinquefoil; Potentilla argentea L. (Introduced)Varileaf Cinquefoil; Potentilla diversifolia Lehm. Sulfur Cinquefoil; Potentilla recta L. (Introduced)Rough [Norwegian] Cinquefoil; Potentilla norvegica L. ssp. monspeliensis (L.) Aschers. & Graebn[Old-Field] Common Cinquefoil; Potentilla simplex Michx.Sweet Cherry; Prunus avium L. (Introduced)Mexican [Big Tree; Wild] Plum; Prunus mexicana S. Watson Wild Goose Plum; Prunus munsoniana W. Wight & Hedrick Black Cherry; Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotina[Sesquehana Sandcherry]; Prunus susquehanae hort. ex Willd. [Prunus pumila L. var. cuneata (Raf.)

Bailey]Chokecherry; Prunus virginiana L. var. virginianaAntelope Bitterbrush; Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. Callery [Bradford] Pear; Pyrus calleryana Decne. (Introduced) Jetbead; Rhodotypos scandens (Thunb.) Makino (Introduced)Prickly Rose; Rosa acicularis Lindl. Pasture [Carolina] Rose; Rosa Carolina L.Multiflora Rose; Rosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. (Introduced)Swamp Rose; Rosa palustris Marsh.

ROSACEAE ROSE FAMILY

Creeping Sibbaldia [Cloverleaf Rose]; Sibbaldia procumbens L. Three-Toothed Cinquefoil [Shrubby Fivefingers]; Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Aiton) Rydb. (Potentilla

tridentata) False Spiraea; Sorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun White Meadowsweet; Spiraea alba Du Roi var. albaSteeplebush [Hardhack]; Spiraea tomentosa L.

Black ChokeberryPhotinia melanocarpa (Michx.) Robertson

& PhippsRosaceae (Rose Family)Kitty Todd Nature Preserve, Lucas County, OhioNotes: small shrub; flowers white (pink), small; leaves finely toothed, mostly glabrous, usually with a line of glands along the upper midrib; twigs and buds mostly glabrous to somewhat hairy; fruit a red berry turning black [V Max Brown, 2004]

USDA

[Common] NinebarkPhysocarpus opulifolius (L.) Maxim. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas

County, OhioNotes: common shrub; 5-petaled flower, white to pinkish, sepals green; leaves alternate, with rounded lobes and toothed; bark very scaly or shreddy; fruit in umbel-like clusters of capsules often lasting through winter (varieties based on pubescent of capsules) [V Max Brown, 2004]

USDA

Silvery [Silver] CinquefoilPotentilla argentea L. (Introduced) Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, yellow, petals exceeding sepals; leaflets deeply (3-5) toothed or lobed, underside of leaflets and stem silvery pubescent; plant erect; late spring to early fall [V Max Brown, 2004]

Leaf bottom

USDA

Sulfur CinquefoilPotentilla recta L. (Introduced) Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, pale yellow and notched; palmate leaves, 5-7 leaflets, narrow and coarsely toothed, not silvery pubescent beneath but may have some long hairs; mostly single stemmed below flowering branches; erect plant; late spring to fall [V Max Brown, 2007]

USDA

Rough [Norwegian] CinquefoilPotentilla norvegica L. ssp. monspeliensis (L.)Aschers. & Graebn

Rosaceae (Rose Family)Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge, Ottawa County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, yellow, sepals longer than petals; palmate leaf, 3 leaflets, serrate; stem hairy, erect to sprawling, stout, branched; summer to fall[V Max Brown, 2006]

USDA

Varileaf Cinquefoil Potentilla diversifolia Lehm. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Fraser area, Grand County, Colorado Notes: 5-petaled flower, bright yellow, tip truncated with narrow base, pedicels long; leaves mostly basal with long petioles, leaves palmate, 5-7 leaflets, coarsely toothed (especially in upper half), moderately hairy on both surfaces or not, sometimes silvery haired below; erect plant; lower elevations to alpine environments; summer (several varieties) [V Max Brown, 2012]

USDA

[Old-Field] Common CinquefoilPotentilla simplex Michx.Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, yellow, solitary on long pedicel, petals usually longer than sepals; palmate leaf with 5(-7) leaflets, commonly coarsely toothed on distal of leaflet; mostly prostrate plant when mature, rooting at tip; spring to summer[V Max Brown, 2004]

USDA

Sweet CherryPrunus avium L. (Introduced)Rosaceae (Rose) FamilyMaumee River Metroparks, Lucas County, OhioNotes: shrub to tree; 5-petaled flower, white, large, on pedicels of several cm; bark thin, scaly, becoming dark; leaves ovate to oblong, serrate, pubescent on veins below, 10-14 pairs of veins; twigs thick; winter buds large and scaled; fruit red and sweet [V Max Brown, 2004]

USDA

Mexican [Big Tree; Wild] Plum Prunus mexicana S. Watson Rosaceae (Rose) FamilyWilsons Creek National Battlefield, Greene

County, Missouri Notes: shrub to small tree; 5-petaled flower, white, 2-4 on pedicel; bark scaly when young, becoming darker and furrowed when older; leaves alternate, ovate-lanceolate, toothed, hairy below especially on veins, glabrous above, net veined above and below, petiole hairy; winter buds mostly glabrous; mature fruit grayish-blue at maturity, fleshy and clings to seed, seed oval with ridges on one side and grooved on the other; spring [V Max Brown, 2010]

USDA

Wild Goose Plum Prunus munsoniana W. Wight & Hedrick Rosaceae (Rose) FamilyWilsons Creek National Battlefield, Greene

County, Missouri Notes: shrub to small tree; 5-petaled flower, white, 2-4 on pedicel; bark smooth, with horizontal lenticls, scaly later; leaves alternate, lanceolate, finely toothed, somewhat hairy below especially on veins, glabrous above and glossy, long pointed, mature leaves somewhat folded, minute glands on inside curve of each tooth; winter buds mostly glabrous; mature fruit yellow to red with white dots, somewhat glaucous usually, yellow flesh, seed oval, pointed tip, groved on sides; spring [V Max Brown, 2010]

USDA

Black Cherry Prunus serotina Ehrh. var. serotinaRosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: tree; 5-petaled flower, white, on raceme; leaves elliptical to lanceolate, finely toothed (rounded and curved in); bark dark, smooth when young but breaks into scaly plates with age; slender, rank smell when broken; winter buds small, bright brown, with rounded tips; fruit red to purplish-black; spring [V Max Brown, 2005]

USDA

[Sesquehana] Sand CherryPrunus susquehanae hort. ex Willd.[Prunus pumila L. var. cuneata (Raf.) Bailey]Rosaceae (Rose Family)Kitty Todd Nature Preserve, Lucas County, OhioNotes: small shrub; 5-petaled flower, white, from leaf axils on long petioles; leaves alternate, elliptical to somewhat ovate, mostly entire on lower half and finely toothed on distal half, usually glaucous below; bark wrinkled; twigs reddish-brown; winter buds small [V Max Brown, 2007]

USDA

Chokecherry Prunus virginiana L. var. virginianaRosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: shrub or small tree; 5-petaled flower, white, on raceme; leaves alternate, mostly ovate, thin, serrate, teeth ascending, short sharp tip; bark fissured; twigs with rank odor, partially covered with gray fuzz; winter bud scales brown with lighter margins; fruit red to dark red, small and shiny; spring [V Max Brown, 2006]

USDA

Antelope Bitterbrush Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Lake Granby Area, Grand County,

Colorado Notes: shrub (usually < 3-4 m); 5-petaled flower, white to light yellow; leaf wedge-shaped with 3 apical lobes, hairy above and densely white hairy below, edges often revolute; stems reddish, often flaky; plant hairy and glandular; lower elevations to foothills environments; summer [V Max Brown, 2012]

USDA

Callery [Bradford] Pear Pyrus calleryana Decne. (Introduced) Rosaceae (Rose Family)Nixa, Christian County, Missouri Notes: tree; 5-petaled flower , white and showy, in umbels from lateral branches; leaves simple, fairly small (up to 9 cm), rounded with fine teeth and undulating edge, glabrous, dark green above; twigs usually hairy; buds large and white tomentose; fruit small on long pedicel; spring (extensively planted) [V Max Brown, 2011]

USDA

JetbeadRhodotypos scandens (Thunb.)

Makino (Introduced)Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: shrub; 4-petaled showy flower, white; leaves opposite, ovate, serrate with ascending teeth, sometimes double-toothed; bark rough with lenticels; fruit a berry, black, usually 4 to 6 in a cluster at end of twig[V Max Brown, 2006]

USDA

Prickly Rose Rosa acicularis Lindl. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado Notes: large 5-petaled solitary flower, pink to rose, sepals persistent, pedicel and hypanthium glabrous; leaves compound (5-7 mostly), ovate, double toothed, stipules glandular; branches mostly red to brown, abundant prickles of different sizes; erect plant; summer [V Max Brown, 2012]

USDA

Pasture [Carolina] RoseRosa Carolina L.Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: flower white, pink to red, sepals flare terminally; leaflets dull to slightly shiny; upper twigs mostly smooth but with slender thorns and prickles; spring to summer [V Max Brown, 2006]

USDA

Multiflora [Japanese] RoseRosa multiflora Thunb. ex Murr. (Introduced)Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, white, usually >4 flowers per cluster, sepals pinnate or deeply lobed; leaves usually 7-9 pinnate, stipules comb-like (pinnate); younger stems green, becoming reddish; fruit red; very branched shrub; abundant and invasive; late spring to summer [V Max Brown, 2005]

USDA

Swamp Rose Rosa palustris Marsh. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Waterloo Recreation Area, Washtenaw County,

Michigan Notes: flowers white, pink to red, sepals linear; leaves compound, leaflets dull to slightly shiny, teeth small, stipules narrow; branches mostly red and smooth, twigs hairy; prickles hooked and usually stout; swamps and wet ground; summer [V Max Brown, 2009]

USDA

Creeping Sibbaldia [Cloverleaf Rose]

Sibbaldia procumbens L. Rosaceae (Rose Family)Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado Notes: 5-petaled tiny flower, yellow, bractlets and sepals green, in a cluster (cyme); leaves basal, palmate (3 leaflets), leaflets wedge-shaped and notched (toothed) at apex; subalpine to alpine environments; summer[V Max Brown, 2012]

USDA

Three-Toothed Cinquefoil [Shrubby Fivefingers]

Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Aiton) Rydb. (Potentilla tridentata)

Rosaceae (Rose Family)Whitefish Point, Chippewa County, Michigan Notes: 5-petaled flower, white, sepals shorter than petals, branching clusters; leaves evergreen turning red in fall, palmate with 3 leaflets, mostly 3 toothed at tip; sandy soils; late spring to summer[V Max Brown, 2008]

USDA

False SpiraeaSorbaria sorbifolia (L.) A. Braun (Introduced) Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: shrub; 5-petaled flower, white, in spikes resembling sumac; leaves alternate and pinnate, double toothed; spreads by suckers; late spring to summer[V Max Brown, 2005]

USDA

White MeadowsweetSpiraea alba Du Roi var. alba Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, flower cluster longer than wide, inflorescence somewhat to densely hairy; leaves ovate to lanceolate, mostly glabrous, coarsely toothed, 3-4x longer than wide; stem reddish-brown; summer to fall [V Max Brown, 2005]

USDA

Steeplebush [Hardhack] Spiraea tomentosa L.Rosaceae (Rose Family)Oak Openings Metropark, Lucas County, OhioNotes: 5-petaled flower, pink to rose, in steeple-like spike; leaves alternate, elliptical, brownish pubescent (tomentose) beneath, stem woody and wooly; summer to fall[V Max Brown, 2004]

USDA

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