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IEEE802.11ah Benefits and Use Cases
Rolf de Vegt,
July 8, 2015
802.11ah Value Proposition – 3rd Band WLAN
802.11ac 5 GHz
802.11g 2.4 GHz
802.11n 2.4 & 5 GHz
802.11ah (sub 1 GHz)
Wi-Fi ecosystem WFA certified interoperability and Wi-Fi user experience
Improved Range
10 dB link budget advantage over 2.4 GHz technologies
Low Power Supports multi-year battery life sensor operation
Rich Data Rates
150Kbit/s ~ 78 Mbits/s per spatial stream (sensor, audio, security camera, internet)
Scalable Support thousands of nodes
IP connectivity Same as Wi-Fi
Outdoor Coverage
Support for larger delay spreads
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
IEEE802.11ah Standardization Overview
IEEE task group 802.11ah is chartered to define an OFDM PHY operating in the license-
exempt bands below 1 GHz, and enhancements to the 802.11 MAC to support this PHY
Transmission range up to 1 km
Data rates > 100 Kbps
802.11ah categories of use cases
Internet of Everything (IoE)
Extended Range WLAN (e.g. for cellular offload)
802.11ah standards timeline
Draft 5.0 completed March 2015
Final draft expected completion Mid- 2016
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
Market Segments
Use Case Examples 1. Sensor networking and extended
range traffic for homes
2. Lighting control in large office and
venue
3. Wearables for health
4. Wearables for multimedia/
infotainment
5. Wireless field network for industry
automation
6. Wireless utility and parking meters
7. Extended range for campus network
• Sensor Networking
• Wearables
• Industrial Automation
• Utility Networking
• Extended Range WLAN
Projected Markets and Usages
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
802.11ah Enables Internet of Everything
Security
Camera
Thermostat
Medical Device
Sensors
Wi-Fi Access
Point
Home
Entertainment
Smart
Meters
Electric Car / Charging Station
Lighting
Alarm
Appliances
Keyless
Entry
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
Use Case Example: Sensor Networking and Extended Range WLAN in Home setting
Security Camera
Smoke detector
Family room
Tablet
Moisture
sensor
HDTV
DVR
Lighting
Window shutter
Smartphone
Living/dining room Keyless door knob
Bedroom 2
Garage
Smartphone
Heart rate monitor
Fitness
Security Camera
HDTV
Bedroom 4 Bedroom 3
Temperature sensor
Tri-Band Wi-Fi Access Point
Master bedroom
Sprinkler
DVR
remote
control
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
802.11ah Provides Extended Range WLAN* for Mobile/Computing and support of VoWi-Fi / Wi-Fi Calling
Edge Rate
Mbps
(Range)
TX x RX
11ac/n
5 GHz
20 MHz BW
40 MHz BW
6.5
(27m) 3x2
11n/b
2.4 GHz
20 MHz BW
6.5
(54m) 3x2
11ah
900 MHz
8 MHz BW
(US Only)
5.9
(88m) 2x2
11n/b @ 2.4 GHz
54m range
6.5 Mbps edge
11 ah @ 900 MHz
88m range
5.8 Mbps edge
11ac/n @5 GHz
27m range
6.5 Mbps edge
Smartphones, Tablets, Laptops can
be used in Garages, Backyards, and
Streets
*US has 26MHz spectrum in 900 MHz available. Simulation Assumptions: Minimum QoS 5Mbps, Retail AP, 21 dBm/Tx chain Tx power, Indoor to outdoor (d^4) channel model
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
Extended Range Wi-Fi Hotspot Coverage
Coffee shops
Malls
Campuses
Indoor to Outdoor
802.11ah Extends Wi-Fi Range for Improved Coverage
Coverage area not drawn to scale
802.11ah 802.11ah
802.11ah
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
.11ah Sweet
Spot
Sweet spot for 802.11ah enabled IoT devices
Existing Devices
New to the world
Blue Sky
Battery requirement
AC
Powered
Daily
Charge
1 Yr 3 Mos 3 Yr 5 Yr 10Yr
Fire
Alarm
Sensor
Swarm
Remote
Control
Location
Position
Tag
Electronic
“noses”
(bedbugs,
molds)
Physiological sensors
(ECG, pulse oxymeters,
Glucose monitors) Moisture sensors
(flooding, pipe-leak)
Security
(door lock,
Motion sensors)
Many ‘IOE’ devices are expected to be battery powered, small form-factor, headless devices
Temp
sensor
Dynamically Updateable
NFC tag
Gas meter
Water meter
Home
Appliance Module
(e.g. Washer/Dryer)
Motorized
Valves in
HVAC
AR Beacon
Tag
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
Segment
1. Sensor Networking
2. Wearables
3. Industrial Automation
4 . Utility Networking
5 . Extended range WLAN
Examples of potential 802.11ah devices, per segment Access Point / Infrastructure Example Client Devices
• Home AP
• Enterprise AP
• Hotspot AP
• Smartphone with soft AP
• Sensor network gateway
• Lighting controller
• Temperature sensor
• Motion Sensor
• Thermostat
• Sound controller
• Agricultural sensor / controller
• Garden sensor (e.g. humidity sensor or sprinkler controller)
• Home AP
• Enterprise AP
• Hotspot AP
• Smartphone with soft AP
• Sensor network gateway
• Fitness monitor
• Medical device (weight, heart rate)
• Glasses
• Smart watch
• Enterprise AP
• Small and Midsize business AP
• Sensor network gateway
• Industrial equipment controller
• Temperature, Humidity, Wind speed/direction Monitor
• Water Level monitor
• Air quality / Pollution monitor
• Pole top / Aggregation point AP
• Outdoor backhaul AP
• Smart meter
• Electric charging controller
• Home AP
• Hotspot AP
• Enterprise AP
• Outdoor backhaul AP
• Cellphone tower AP
• Smartphone
• Tablet
• Laptop
• Webcam
Harmonized 11ah Spectrum in Key Geographies
902 928 MHz
917 923.5
929.7
779 787 863 868.6
8 MHz 5.6 MHz 26 MHz
6.5 MHz
China
(max erp <= 10 mW)
EU
US
(max erp <=1 W)
Korea
Japan
(Max BW = 1MHz)
915.9 928 MHz
13.8 MHz
China
(max erp <= 5 mW)
24 MHz
755
Region Tx power regulations
US Max e.r.p. <= 1 W
EU max erp <=14 dBm
PSD <= -4.5 dBm/100kHz (863~868.6MHz)
PSD <= 6.2 dBm/100kHz (865~868MHz)
Korea 3 mW or 10 mW (920.6~923.5MHz and six 200 kHz channels below 920.6 MHz)
China Max e.r.p. <= 5 mW (755 – 779 MHz)
Max e.r.p. <= 10 mW (779 – 787 MHz)
Japan 1mW , 20 mW or 250 mW (915.9~929.7MHz)
Max BW <= 1 MHz
All Bands are Sub-1 GHz
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
• Global market for IoT usage
• Additional market for Extended Range WLAN in North America, Australia other
900 MHz Technology Comparison
Maximum Zwave range is limited
due to FCC regulation
Simulation assumptions: 1x1 Antenna configuration, 1MHz mode 11ah, 4dBm Tx power (-1.25dBm for Zwave due to regulatory limit), D-NLOS channel model, Typical 80dB path loss
representative of an average 3500 sq ft US home based on real measurements of 10 US homes with randomly placed clients. BT and most Zigbee deployments are in 2.4Ghz today Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
900MHz
11ah Receivers Support Coherent Combining Using Multiple AP Antennas to Extend Range
Alternative technologies unable to extract the full benefit of multiple antennas due to lack of coherent combining Sensor 11ah AP
Uplink
Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) in 11ah extends range using multiple AP antennas
Maximum Zwave range is
limited due to FCC regulation
Using two Antennas provides up to 9dB
additional gain (consisting of array and
diversity gain)
Simulation assumptions: 1x1 antenna (except for 1x2 11ah), 1MHz 11ah, 4dBm Tx power (-1.25dBm for Zwave due to regulatory limit), D-NLOS channel model.
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
11ah range provides extended range at high data rates at 900 Mhz
11ah implements energy efficient protocols to extend the battery life for sensors
11ah is optimized to scale with thousands of nodes
− Achieves low power by using medium efficiently
− Mitigates hidden node problem
11ah provides a rich set of data rates for
extended range WLAN applications
Summary
Qualcomm Atheros, Inc.
For more information on Qualcomm, visit us at:
www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog
©2013-2015 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved. Qualcomm is a trademark of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries, used with permission. Other product and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QCT.
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