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ROad safety in South East European regions

Road Safety in South East European regions Safety of cyclists in Slovenia(Project Report)


Road Safety in South East European regions Safety of cyclists in Slovenia(Project Report)

Contents 1. About ROSEE 7 2. AVP as a central institution for road safety in Slovenia and a partner of ROSEE 8

2. 1 Our work within ROSEE 9

3. General review of AVP activities within ROSEE 11 3. 1 Establishment of the National Advisory Group 11 3. 2 Organization of transnational ROSEE - SENSOR onference 12 3. 3 Workshop "Safety of cyclists" 14 3. 4 Education of representatives of local communities, police and city traffic wardens 14 3. 5 Media activities and press conferences 16 3. 6 Transnational cooperation and promotion of ROSEE 16 3. 7 Preventive materials produced and disseminated 20 3. 8 Pilot projects within ROSEE and results 20

4. Pilot Project in Osrednjeslovenska and Podravska Region 23 4. 1 SWOT analysis 24 4. 2 Pilot in Podravska region - "Sharrow" in Maribor 28 4. 3 Pilot in Osrednjeslovenska region - "Cyclists counter with display" in Ljubljana 32 4. 4 Speed management strategy 34

5. Change of legislation and development of strategic documents 37 5. 1 Technical specifications for "sharrow" - amending Guidelines for planning of cycling infrastructure 37 5. 2 National strategy for safety of cycle traffic (proposal) 38 5. 3 National Report on road safety situation in Slovenia 38 5. 4 Review of best practice examples of safe cycling in Europe 39

6. Preventive campaigns and raising awareness events 41 6. 1 Preventive campaign for cyclists and public appeal for improving safety of cyclists 41 6. 2 Promotional and educational short film on "sharrow" 41 6. 3 Competitions "What do you know about traffic" 41 6. 4 Other preventive events organized within AVP pilot project 42 6. 5 Raising awareness letter to all Slovenian mayors 44

7. Evaluation and analysis of pilots 47 7. 1 Transnational replicability and stakeholders’ feedback 48 7. 2 Analysis of general indicators in pilot regions 49 7. 3 On-field survey on pilots (before/after analysis) and pilot specific indicators 50

7. 3. 1 Cyclist counter with display in Ljubljana (Dunajska road) 50

7. 3. 2 "Sharrow" – shared lane marking in Maribor (wider area around Slomšek square) 52

7. 4 Cost effectiveness of pilot activities or measures 54

8. Conclusions 57

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Project Report - About ROSEE


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ROSEE - Road Safety in South East European regions project involved 6 countries: Slovenia, Italy, Romania,

Hungary, Greece, Bulgaria. The aim of the project was to improve road safety performances on primary and

secondary networks in the South-East Europe area.

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1.About ROSEE

Road safety is a fundamental quality of the transport system. Eachparticipantintheroadtrafficorthetrafficservicewantstohavesuchasystemthatmeetstheirneedsandexpectations.Thequalityoflifeofallcitizensdependsonthelevelofroadsafety.Inorder to ensure and improve road safety we have to encourage moreresponsiblebehaviourofroadusers,respectoftrafficrulesand raising awareness about the importance of road safety. At thesametimeweshouldencouragetheuseofsafevehiclesandsafe road infrastructure.

ROSEE is an EU project that aimed to improve and promote roadsafetyinSloveniafromvariousperspectives.ROSEEprojectinvolved 6 countries: Italy, Romania, Hungary, Greece, Slovenia, Bulgaria. The aim of the project was to improve road safety performances on primary and secondary networks in the South-East Europearea and is financedby "South-East Programme–TransnationalCooperationProgramme".

PromoteroadsafetyandimproveroadnetworkaccessibilityinSouthEastEurope.

IIn the South-East Europe area, like in other regions, road crashes and injuries are responsible for social and economic losses. South-East Europe regions are among the "worst roadsafety performers in Europe". This situation is holding downthe development of the South-East Europe region and requires urgent improvements in order to reach the 2020 EU road safety target.Thecooperationintheframeworkofthisprojectgivesthepossibilitytothesecountriestoadapttheso-calledbestpracticesof the leading countries.

Road safety is important for smooth accessibility of SEE regions. The road crash and injury tool within SEE regions accounts for socialandeconomic lossesaffectingthedevelopmentofSouthEast European Space. In the EU 56% of road deaths occur on rural roadswhile37%offatalitiesarecountedinbuilt-upareas.44%involves vulnerable road users such as pedestrians, cyclists and riders of powered two-wheelers.

ROSEE supported governments at the national and regionallevel in the selected South-East European regions to improve coordination in promoting, planning and operation of primaryand secondary road networks with an emphasis on improving traffic safety performance and network accessibility. Whennetworks are managed well, road crashes are infrequent and the severity of road crash injuries can be reduced.

The structure of ROSEE project was divided into 6 work packages:WP1:TransnationalprojectandfinancialmanagementWP2:CommunicationactivitiesWP3:PolicyanddataanalysisWP4:SaferoadsandmobilityWP5:SaferoadusersWP6:Monitoringandevaluation

ROSEE project partners were:ALOT s.c.a.r.l. - Agency of East Lombardy for Transport and Logistics(ALOT);AssociationEUCONCEPTSR&D(EUcon);GRSPHungaryAssociation(GRSPHU);UniversityofBrescia,DepartmentofCivil,Architectural,LandandEnvironmentalEngineering(UniBS);KTIInstituteforTransportSciencesNonProfitLtd.(KTI);National Technical University of Athens / School of CivilEngineering / Department of Transportation Planning andEngineering(NTUA);AutomobileAssociationofSlovenia(AMZS);SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency(AVP);UniversityofLjubljana,FacultyofCivilandGeodeticEngineering,TrafficTechnicalInstitute(ULFGG-PTI);iRED, Open Youth Institute for Research, Education andDevelopment(iRED)

The duration of ROSEE project was from October 2012 untilDecember2014,withtotalbudgedof:2.191,853.44€.

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Project Report - AVP as a central institution for road safety in Slovenia and a partner of ROSEE


2.AVPasacentralinstitutionfor road safety in Slovenia and a partner of ROSEE

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency(AVP)isalegalbodyofpubliclawinthefieldofroadsafety,establishedin2010.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency is the central institution for traffic safetywith amissiontoreducetheworstconsequencesofaccidents(fatalitiesand injuries). Agency performs regulatory, developmental,technical, and other tasks regarding drivers and vehicles, analyticalandresearchworkinthefieldofroadsafety,prevention,education, training and assesses safety of road infrastructure.Agency follows VISION ZERO: no fatalities in road accidents inSlovenia.AVPis leadingandcoordinatingtheNationalprogramfor road safety,which includes keymeasures and activities forimproving road safety in Slovenia in the next decade. Regarding theseareas,theagencyisalsoinvolvedinbilateralrelationsandvariousinternationalorganizations.

InSlovenia, therewere125 fatalitiesand8.742 injuredpeoplein road accidents in 2013. The social cost of road accidentsis estimated at 478 million Euros (registered and damageassessmentofroadaccidents)whichrepresents1,36%ofgross

domesticproduct.Toachievethegoalof reducingthenumberoffatalitiesandseverelyinjuredinroadaccidentsby50%,whichrepresentsthecommonEuropeanobjectiveinthefieldofroadsafety,butisalsosetintheNationalProgramofRoadSafetyfortheperiod2013–2022,specialattentionshouldbepaidtothevulnerable road users - pedestrians, cyclists, drivers of motor two-wheelers,aswellaschildrenandelderlyintraffic.

Estimationisthatuntiltheendof2022,theshareofvulnerableroadusers(pedestrians,cyclistsandelderly)willbearound75%of all fatalities in road accidents. Therefore, it is necessary tofocus on vulnerable road users.

Slovenian Traffic SafetyAgency as a ROSEEpartner decided toimplement a pilot project focusing primarily on the safety of the cyclists inOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravska region. In thepastdecade, when Slovenia halved the number of deaths on the roads,theshareoffatalitiesamongcyclistshasbeenincreasing.

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2. 1 Our work within ROSEE

ThegeneralobjectiveoftheAVPpilotprojectwascontributionto the decrease in the number of road deaths among cyclists and decrease in seriously injured cyclists.Otherobjectiveswere toraise awareness related to road safety behaviour, by establishing newpreventiveactivitiesforcyclists’safety,mainlypromotionof

safecyclingandatthesametimefocusingonmobility,ecology,health benefits and reducing congestion in urban areas andalso to foster a new dynamic among road safety stakeholders by improving knowledge and enhancing communication andcooperationbetweenthevariousareasrelatedtocyclists’safety.

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyasapartnerofROSEEprojecthadakeyroleofimprovingsafetyofcyclistsandpromotesafecyclingwithfollowingactivities:

• Implementationofinnovative traffic-technical measure "sharrow" –sharedlanemarkinginMaribor;• Implementationofthe first cyclists counter with displayinLjubljana;• Proposalofthe change of legislationregardingplanningofcyclinginfrastructure(technicalspecificationsfor"sharrow");• National strategy for safety of cyclists’ traffic

• Productionashort promotional and educational film on "sharrow"

• Evaluation of the pilots with on-field survey

• SWOT analysis

• Implementationof preventive campaign on national level for improving safety of cyclists • RaisingawarenesslettertoallSlovenianmayors• Publicappealforimprovingsafetyofcyclists• Preventive events (Bikefestival2014,Europeanmobilityweekin2013and2014,Vtroje–cyclingtoworketc.)• National competitions "Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic"in2013and2014• Establishmentandcoordinationofanational advisory group

• Expert meetings and workshops(meetingwithDutchrepresentatives,workshopsafetyofcyclists,meetingsofnationaladvisorygroup,etc.)

• Reviewofbestpracticeexamplesofsafecycling• Productionanddisseminationof preventive materials (500cyclinghelmets,2.500brochures,100

manualsformentorsoftrafficeducation,300manualsSafedriver,25.000stickersSafebike,500leafletsof"sharrow"and500leafletsofcyclistscounter,10.000reflectivearm-bands)

• Transnational cooperation byparticipatingonCEEprojectmarketandCEERoundTableinBrno.• Co-organizationoftransnational ROSEE-SENSOR conference

Project Report - General review of AVP activities within ROSEE


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Preventiveeventsweremainlyorganizedinordertopromotesafecyclingtodifferent

populations,startingfromchildren in primary schools by

competitions"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic".

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3.GeneralreviewofAVPactivitieswithinROSEE

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency’s role inROSEEprojectwasmainly tosystemically connect road safety experts and key stakeholders for improvingsafetyofcyclists,startingfromgovernmentalinstitutions,non-governmental actors, local stakeholders andother interestedparties.OuraimwastosensitizeprofessionalpublicandalsowiderpublicontheintroductionofnewinfrastructureandothermeasuresinSlovenia.Wewereraisingawarenessmainlywithpreventiveeventsandpreventivecampaign, and also educating road users about newmeasures and

tolerant behaviour on our roads. Furthermore, AVP implementedpracticalinnovativetraffic-technicalmeasuresonfield.

AVPwasalsoresponsiblefortasksofworkpackage3relatingtoroadsafetydata,analysis,institutionalandlegislationreviewandestablishmentandcoordinationofNationalAdvisorygroupasahigh-levelgroupofexpertsanddecision-makersonnationalandlocallevel.

3. 1 Establishment of the National Advisory Group

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyestablishedSlovenianNationalAdvisoryGroup(NAG)inDecember2012.Groupofrelevantnationalorregionaldecision-makers and other key stakeholders such as roads or transport administration,NGOs,education,researchetc.,wascreatedtoensurethe project fitswithin national policies.Other tasks ofNAGare also:contributiontooverallobjectivesforthenetworkcoordination,planning,operationandroadsafety;determinationofnationalorregionalsafetyprioritiesfortheprimaryandsecondarynetworks,wherethesedonot

yet exist, and discussion of standards for road safety that could be applied atthetransnationallevel.ConclusionsofNAGwerecommunicatedtothe transnational working group as recommendations. The advisorygroupalsooverseesthedevelopmentandtestingofamodelapproachfor improvingpromotion, coordinationandoperationof theprimaryand secondary network, including the development of a strategy and the implementationofpilotprojectswithinROSEE.

MembersofSlovenianNAGgroupwere:• VesnaMarinko,SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency,(NAGleader)• RobertŠtaba,AutomobileAssociationofSlovenia• BrankaLeskovšek,AutomobileAssociationofSlovenia(laterreplacedbyKatarinaMožina)• JureKostanjšek,UniversityofLjubljana,FacultyofCivilandGeodeticEngineering–TrafficTechnicalInstitute• PeterLipar,UniversityofLjubljana,FacultyofCivilandGeodeticEngineering–TrafficTechnicalInstitute• StanislavZotlar,SlovenianRoadsAgency• ZvonkoZavasnik,MinistryofInfrastructureandSpatialPlanning• JanezBertoncelj,MunicipalityofLjubljana• GoranJovanović,InstitutforRoadSafety• AndražMurnkovič,SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency• MatijaSvetina,UniversityofLjubljana,FacultyofArts• MarjetkaČesnik,AutomobileAssociationPiran• RobertVehovec,Police• MartaNovak,TheNationalEducationInstituteoftheRepublicofSlovenia• RokHumar,MunicipalityofPiran

ForSlovenia,AVPwasresponsibleforthecoordinationandcontinuouscooperationamongNationalAdvisoryGroupandallSlovenianprojectpartners. NAGmeetings were held regularly throughout the projectduration.ThepurposeofNAGmeetingswastocontinuouslyinformandupdateNAGmembersonimplementationofROSEEprojectandpilotprojectsofallthreeSlovenianpartners(AVP,AMZSandULFGG-PTI)andtoreceivetheirfeedback,suggestionsororientationsonhowtofurtherimprovetheimplementationoftheprojectintheviewofroadsafety

situationandneedsonnationalandlocallevel.AsfromthebeginningNAGmembersweremainlyacquaintedwithanapplication“RSA/RSICourses&SoftwareTool”thatwasdevelopedforacomprehensivereviewofroadsafety,firstresultsofthesurveyontravelhabitsandpreparatoryactivitiesfor transnational conference. Later on,NAGmembers discussed andgavecommentsontopicsaddressedinNationalReportonroadsafetysituation,whichwaspreparedbyAVP.NationalReportcoveredfollowingchapters:currentroadsafetysituationinSlovenia,roadsafetylegislation,

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policyandinstitutionalcapacity,analysisofSTAandLPICquestionnaire,roadnetworkconditionsandroadusers’behaviour.NAGmembersalsodiscussedonRSI/RSAintroductorycoursesimplementedwithinROSEE,

speedmanagementcoursesandwholeimplementationprocessofthepilots.Attheend,NationalAdvisoryGrouphadakeyconsultingroleonpilotprojectsevaluation.

3. 2 Organization of transnational ROSEE - SENSOR onference

ThetransnationalROSEE–SENSORconferencewasheldinLjubljanaon7thofNovember2013.Therewere145participantsattendingtransnationalconference.Theconferencewasattendedbyrepresentativesofhighestpolitical level in Slovenia: Mr. Janko Veber, Presidents of SlovenianNationalAssembly;Mr.SamoOmerzel,Ministerof InfrastructureandSpatial Planning, Mr. Igor Velov, Acting Director of Slovenian TrafficSafety Agency. Their attendance shows the political commitmenttowardsbetterroadsafety inSlovenia.Theconferencewasattendedalsobytherepresentativesofthepolicymaking,municipalroadsafetycouncils,roadsafetyauditors,Police,citytrafficwardens,research,non-governmentalorganizations,foreignexpertsandotherwhocontributedtothediscussionsduringtheconference.Thefirstpanelsessionabout

roadsafetyintheregioninvolvedinajointdiscussionincludingMinisterofInfrastructureandSpatialPlanningofRepublicofSlovenia,togetherwithimportantroadsafetyspecialistsinEurope:representativesofEuropeanTransport Safety Council, Austrian Road Safety Board, Priority AreaCoordinator and representativesof SEEprogramme.Additionally, theSlovenianexpertspresentedroadsafetysituationandthenewResolutionofNationalRoadSafetyProgram(2013-2022).Aftertheintroductorypanelsession,theparticipantsoftheconferencesplitintoseparateroundtablestitled"Behaviours,SpeedManagementandVulnerableUsers"and"IdentifyingandImprovingHighRiskRoadsinSEE"organisedbyROSEEandSENSORprojectsrespectively.

ROSEE Roundtable: Behaviours, Speed Management and Vulnerable Users

WithinROSEERoundtabletwomaintopicswereaddressed-Behaviourand SpeedManagement and Behaviour and Vulnerable Road Users(VRU).Afterashortpresentationon thestatusof roadsafetyoverallEuropeforVRU,basedondatareferredtotheperiod2001-2009,pushingforadebatewithintheinternationalaudience,thedirectsimplequestionswere addressed, such as:Howto trainandengagevulnerable roadusers in riskcompensationtechniques?Howtodesignandmanagejunctionsfortheprotectionofvulnerableroad users?Howtointegratetheprotectionofvulnerableroadusersintheurbanmobility plans?How to cope with vulnerable road users in the complex urban design? What is the feed-back from the implementationofmixeduse zones(livingstreets,residencezones,etc.)?

Startingfromthenotionthatspeedcontributestoaboutonethirdofallfatalaccidentsanditisanaggravatingfactorinallaccidents,thebehaviourand speed management topic has been introduced focusing on the importantreasonswhyweshouldpayattentiontoit,amongthemthefactthatwecaneventalkofseveralkindof"speed"tomonitor,suchasexcessive speed, meaning driving above the speed limit, or inappropriate

speed,namelydrivingtoofastfortheconditions,butwithinthelimits.Theaudiencehasbeenthenstimulatedtoanswertothefollowingquestions:Whichismoreefficientinmanagingspeeds:enforcement,campaignsorinfrastructureinterventions?Which are the appropriate enforcement techniques for speedmanagement?Howtomanageroadclassificationofexistingroadsandspeed limits,both in urban and ex-urban environment?How to integrate speed management in urban mobility plans?

Alivelyforumopenedontheissues,offeringthechanceforanexchangeof ideasandexperiencesbetweenparticipantscomingfromBelgium,Austria, Slovenia, Italy, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, countries that haveverydifferentroadsafetyperformanceswithinthemselves.PeoplefromSlovenianmunicipalitiesunderlinedthatenforcementcampaignsshould be properly communicated to the road users and that decreased speed limits should be properly communicated to the road users to increasetheiracceptance.ETSCrepresentativestatedthatactionsshouldfocus on training vulnerable road users to safer behaviour rather than communicatingrisksandthattrafficeducationshouldbecontinuous.

SENSOR Roundtable: Identifying and Improving High Risk Roads in SEE

Thesessionbeganbyaskingparticipantstokeepinmindthefollowingquestions:•Aretheprojectsusinga"SafeSystems"approach?•Whichroadsdomostdeathsandseriousinjurieshappenon?• Are these politically important roads? Eg TEN-T?; strategic?; traderoutes? •Arewemeasuringthingsthatleadtodeathandseriousinjury?•Howdoweprioritiseforupgradingorrehabilitation?•Dofundingmechanismsdistortroadsafety?•Areweabletomeasurepotentialbenefits?

Apresentationontheroleofsaferinfrastructure,vehiclesandbehaviourinSloveniawasgivenandtheroleofEuroRAPandiRAPmethodologiesinsupportingdecision-makinginSloveniawereexplained.Arepresentativeof the Serbian road safety agency presented the approach to road safety onmajorroads,thelinkswiththeEuroRAPmethodologyandinvestmentand themeasuresbeing taken toward implementation.Furthermore,the survey of the 131km major road IA-2, "Ibarska magistrala" waspresented.ThishadbeenassessedusingtheEuroRAP-iRAPmethodologytoprovideaStarRating.TherewasademonstrationoftheViDAsoftware

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usedinthisassessment.RepresentativeoftheRoadSafetyFoundationpresentedon"Howwescorewhatwescore",illustratingthebackgroundtotheEuroRAPStarRatingandshowinganexampleroadsectionthathad been rated. The discussion that followed focused principally on the roleoftrafficcamerasinreducingfatalandseriouscrashes,wherethese

shouldbeusedandhoweffectivetheywere.Intheconcludingremarkstherapporteurremindedconferenceparticipantsthatimplementationisofcountermeasuresiskey–"...nolivesaresaveduntilimplementationtakesplace".

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency(AVP)co-organizedthetransnationalROSEE-SENSORconferenceinLjubljanainNovember2013.Theconferencewasattendedbyrepresentativesofhighpoliticallevel-Mr.Janko

Veber,PresidentofSlovenianNationalAssembly,Mr.SamoOmerzel,MinisterofInfrastructureandSpatialPlanning,Mr.IgorVelov,ActingDirectorofSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency.TheirattendanceshowsthepoliticalcommitmenttowardsbetterroadsafetyinSlovenia.

ROSEE - SENSOR CONFERENCEGrand Hotel Union, Ljubljana

November2013



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3. 3 Workshop "Safety of cyclists"

TheworkshopwasorganizedbyAVPinMarch2013inLjubljana.Therewere38participantsofworkshopand9guestspeakers,allprofessionalexpertsorrepresentativesofNGO’sdirectlyinvolvedwith road safety or cycling in Slovenia. The topics were:•Pedestriansandcyclistscoexistence•Healthaspectsofcyclingamongelderly•ProjectMobile2020•Aspectsofcyclists’safety•ROSEEproject•Planningofsafecyclinginfrastructure•Preventiveactivitiesforimprovingroadsafety•SafetyofcyclistsinMaribor

The draft of National cycling strategy was presented, whichinitiallysummarizetheconclusionsofmaincauses,locationsandtimeframes of traffic accidents involving cyclists, all supportedby statistical data. The draft also includes recommendedmeasures in the field of road traffic regulations, constructionof road infrastructure, training and raising awareness of road users to improve the safety of cyclists in traffic. During thediscussion it was pointed out that it is necessary to improve the quality of data on road accidents and report any accident with severe consequences, do an in-depth analysis and propose

measures to improve the safety of cyclists. Equally important is also to strengthen the functioning of civil society bodies inthe identification of "black spots" and proposals to solve theproblems.

In relation to the topicof cyclists’ training itwas found that itwould be necessary to update the training programs for cyclists to ride safely in traffic inorder topromotecycling, inadditionto regular training programs such as bicycle exams for children, regular training programs for other target groups are needed, especially for the elderly, as well as for younger children.

A lackof institutions inSloveniawhichwouldcomprehensivelyaddressbothsafetyofcyclistsandcyclingtrafficwasunderlinedwithindiscussion.Mostly,theproblemthatcyclinginpracticeisnot treatedas a road traffic component inurbanenvironmentwas pointed out. Participants of the workshop discussed alsoothertopicsrelatingtocycling,forexample:poorlymaintainedinfrastructure,lackofproperparkingfacilitiesforcyclists,conflictsbetween cyclists and pedestrians etc. All presentations areavailableonAVPwebsite:http://avp-rs.si/novice/680-delavnica-seminar-na-temo-varnost-kolesarjev-in-kolesarskega-prometa

3. 4 Education of representatives of local communities, police and city traffic wardens

One of the key tasks of AVP is also education and training ofdifferent stakeholders related to road safety. In ROSEE projectour focus was to educate mostly representatives of local

communities, police and city trafficwardens on various topicsincludingroadsafetymanagementandroadsafetyinspections.

Road safety inspection and road safety audit courses

AVPorganizedroadsafetyinspectionandroadsafetyauditcourses(RSI/RSAcourses), togetherwithULFGG-PTI.Thecourses tookplace inSeptember2013,where52peoplewereparticipating.Main topics were: human behaviour, planning of safe roadinfrastructure,roadsafetyauditandroadsafetyinspection,errorforgiving roads, software for RSI/RSA implementation an alsopracticalcaseofroadsafetyinspection.

RSI/RSA courses represented shortenedversionofprofessionaltrainingof roadsafetyauditors,which isunder the jurisdictionoftheSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyandisprimarily intendedforrepresentativesof localauthoritiesdealingwithroadsafetyand the scope of providing safe transport infrastructure (localroad safety councils, technical committee,which carry outon-field inspections in the field of road safety, representatives

of municipal departments and inspectorates, responsible for transportinfrastructureandotherROSEEprojectstakeholders).Byrecognizedexpertsinthefieldofroadsafetyandinfrastructurevarious topics were presented: topics on the management of traffic participants (human factors), the design of safe roadinfrastructure and verification of road safety ("Road SafetyAudit", either in the design phase or during the operation ofroads-"RoadSafetyInspection").Inthefinalphaseofthecoursethere was also traffic-safety inspection of roads ("Road SafetyInspection")carriedouton-field.

AllpresentationsareavailableonAVPwebsite:http://avp-rs.si/novice/747-izobrazevanje-predstavnikov-lokalnih-skupnosti-s-podrocja-presoje-varnosti-cest.

Road safety management course

Road safety management course took place in January 2014,organized by AMZS. At the seminar participants gainedknowledge on basics of road safety, with cases of case studies, collection and processing of road safety data and institutional

framework of road safety management. The training was free and was aiming primarily on managers of road infrastructure, roadsafetycouncilmembers,roadmaintenance,policeofficers,citytrafficwardensandotherparticipatinginROSEEproject.AVP

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participatedactivelywithlectureonroadsafetymanagementonanationallevelandtheNationalProgramforroadsafetyfortheperiod2013–2022waspresented.

The goal of the road safetymanagement coursewas firstly toacquaint participants with the objectives of the safe systemsapproach as part of results focused road safety management, and secondly, to understand the levels of the road safety management pyrimid and institutionalmanagement functions.

The safe systemsapproach is a "philosophy" formanaging theroad transport system towards the achievement of measureable results. The safe systems approach views road crashes and injuries as largely predictable, and therefore preventable, as opposed to fatalistic acceptance of road death as "price ofprogress".Akeyaspectofthesafesystemsapproachisafocuson achieving results, while building on road safety management systempyramid (from institutional functions at thebottom, tointerventionsanduptoresultsatthetopofthepyramid).

Workshop "Safety of cyclists"

Education of representatives of local communities, police

and city traffic wardens

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencycoverswithinitsjurisdictionon

nationallevelroadsafetyinspectionandhastrainedthefirstgeneration

of licensed road safety auditors.



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3. 5 Media activities and press conferences

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyhasamajorroleinSloveniaaboutraisingawarenessonroadsafety,promotingnewtrafficsolutionsandapproachesandpromotingsafebehaviourintraffictoallroadusers.WithinprojectROSEEwehadanexcellentopportunitytofocus on safety of cyclists and to promote implemented measures for improving their safety and promote safe cycling. Our events were attended by main political representatives (Presidentof National Assembly, Minister of Infrastructure and SpatialPlanning,mayors), other representatives from local authorities

andpoliceaswellasrecognizedexpertsinthefieldofroadsafety,NGO’sandothers.Ontheotherhand,ourpilotswerepositivelyrecognizedandsupportedbywiderpublicandwidelypromotedbythemedia.AVPorganized3pressconferencesandprepared4 press releases. Altogether, 23 press articles were published(includingbroadcastingonnationalTV,radio,pressarticlesandweb articles). With media coverage, we estimate that around39.100peoplewereaffected.

Press conference within Transnational ROSEE-SENSOR conference 7.11.2013 in Ljubljana

WithinROSEE-SENSORtransnationalconferencewhichwasheldinNovember,2013, therewasalsopressconferenceorganizedafter panel session. The speakers were ETSC Director, actingdirectorofAVP,representativeofAVP,representativeofROSEEproject leading partner, representatives from Municipality of

Maribor and Municipality of Ljubljana and representative ofUniversityofMaribor-FacultyofCivilEngineering.ThespeakerspresentedeffortswithinROSEEproject to improve roadsafety,mainly within two pilot projects for the safety of cyclists in OsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion.

Press conference 3.10.2013 and 26.10.2013 in Maribor

EuropeanprojectROSEE,alongwith innovative trafficmeasure‘sharrow’, were presented at the press conference inMariborTownHallinOctober2013.AsaROSEEprojectpartner,SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency’smaintaskswereactivitiesthatcontributetoagreatersafetyforcyclists.Anewtrafficmeasure–"sharrow"waspresentedbyrepresentativesofAVP,MunicipalityofMaribor,UniversityofMaribor-FacultyofCivilEngineeringandMariborCyclingNetwork.

Second press conference also took place in October 2013,in Maribor. Press conference was aiming to promote newlyimplementedmeasure"sharrow"inMaribor inorderto informinhabitants on the location how and where to cycle in the"sharrow"zone.A fewpressarticlesandTVbroadcastingwerepublishedafterthepressconference.

3. 6 Transnational cooperation and promotion of ROSEE

AVPasacentralinstitutionforroadsafetyinSloveniahasbeenparticipatingindifferentbilateralrelationsaswellasinternationalorganizationsinthefieldofroadsafety.Theworkininternationalenvironment contributes to exchange opinions, best practice,know-how and enables us to transfer new knowledge into

national environment, as well as promote our best solutionsandapproachestoforeignaudienceofroadsafetyexperts.WehavepromotedROSEEprojectandAVPpilotsintwointernationalevents - at CEE round table in Brno and at CEE project market in Ljubljana.

CEE Round table in Brno (Czech Republic)

InOctober2013,Central andEasternEuropeprogrammeheldroundtablediscussionon trafficsafety.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency, as one of the partners in EU project ROSEE, presented plannedpilotmeasures for improvementof thecyclists’ safetythatwerelaterimplementedincooperationwiththeMunicipalityof Maribor and the Municipality of Ljubljana. In addition toimplementation of two traffic measures - ‘sharrow’ (sharedlane marking) in Maribor and cyclists counter with display inLjubljana,SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencywasplanningtofurtherpromote the safety of cyclists through a variety of preventiveand educational events and workshops. Within the ROSEEproject we carried out training of assessment of the road safety for representatives of local communities.We also intended tobringcyclingevenclosertothegeneralpublicbyusingdifferentcommunicationtoolsandpreventivematerial.

Theconferencealsopresentedexamplesofgoodpracticesandprojects or measures on safety at pedestrian crossings, railroad crossings safety, measures and data related to elderly trafficparticipants,differentcyclingsafetymeasures,aswellassomeoftheinternationalprojectsthatwereatthattimestillinprogress(ROSEE,SOL).

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CEE conferenceProject Market

LjubljanaOctober2013

CEE Round table Brno(CzechRepublic)

October2013

Press conference within ROSEE attendedbyMr.AntonioAvenoso

(ETSCDirector),Mr.IgorVelov(ActingDirectorAVP),Ms.VesnaMarinko(AVP),Mr.AlbertoMilotti(ROSEEprojectmanager),Mr.AlešKlinc

(MunicipalityofMaribor),Mr.ZvoneMilkovič(MunicipalityofLjubljana)andMr.MarkoRenčelj(UniversityofMaribor,FacultyofCivilEngineering).

European project ROSEE, along withinnovativetrafficmeasure"sharrow",werepresentedat

thepressconferenceinMariborTownHallinOctober2013.



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Press articles regarding project in Slovenia and AVP pilots

"TheEuropeanprojectROSEEispreventive-educationalproject,

which aims to reduce the number of trafficaccidentsanddeathsmainly

among cyclists and pedestrians. The project is implemented in

several countries of South Eastern Europe, which are among the worstinensuringroadsafety."

"InSloveniathereare13%oftheroadfatalitiesand25%ofthe

serious injuries among cyclists. This situationrequiresseriousattentionandactionthatiswhySlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyasoneofthe

ROSEE project partners implemented pilot project focusing on safety of the cyclists in Osrednjeslovenska andPodravskaregionwhereisthehighestnumberofinjuredcyclists."

››››››››

19⃝

Press articles regardingproject in Slovenia

and AVP pilots

"Aninnovativetraffic-technicalmeasure was implemented on

wider area of Slomšek square inMariborsocalled„Sharrow"

which allows all drivers including cyclistsequalparticipationin

roadtraffic."



20⃝

CEE conference in Ljubljana

InLjubljana,therewasinternationalconferenceheldinOctober2013onthetopic:"CyclinginCEEcities"withinCentralandEastEuropeanProgramme.AVPhadagreatopportunity topresent

ROSEEprojectandAVPpilotactivitiesfromLjubljanaandMariboron the CEE project market.

3. 7 Preventive materials produced and disseminated

AVPorganized and coordinatedmanypreventiveevents in thelifetimeofROSEEproject.Preventiveeventsweremainlyorganizedinordertopromotesafecyclingtodifferentpopulations,startingfromchildreninprimaryschoolsbycompetitions"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic",widerpublicofcyclistsandpedestriansonBikefestivalandeventswithinEuropeanMobilityWeek,expertpublic on round tables, workshops and conferences, working population within V.troje campaign (for cycling to work andfrom work), mentors of traffic education within seminars etc.For thepurposesof thesekindsofevents,AVPbesidesROSEE

promotionalmaterials (folders,postcards,blocknotes,posters,leaflets and a roll-up) produced and disseminated also 39.400piecesofpreventivematerials(10.000reflectivearm-bands,500leafletson"sharrow"and500leafletsoncyclistscounter,2.500brochures, 300manuals for drivers, 100manuals for mentorsof traffic education, 25.000 stickers Safe bike and 500 cyclinghelmets). Materials are not just informative and educationalnature, like brochures and manuals, but also have a practicalsafetypurpose–forexample:reflectivearm-bandsandhelmets.

3. 8 Pilot projects within ROSEE and results

PilotprojectsfocusingonsafetyifcyclistswereimplementedinOsrednjeslovenska and Podravska region. Pilots have themostimportantrolewithinROSEEprojectandhadthemostinfluence

onthesafetyofcyclistsorpromotionofsafecycling.Therefore,pilot measures, activities and results are more specificallydescribed in the following chapters.

››››››››

21⃝

Preventive materials produced and disseminated

forpromotionofsafecyclingand ROSEE project

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency(AVP)directlyaffectedpopulation

by39.400piecesofROSEEpreventivematerialsproducedanddistributedondifferentevents(500

cyclist helmets, 2.500 brochures, 500leafletsforsharrowand500leafletsforcyclistscounter,100

manuals for mentors, 300 manuals fordrivers,25.000stickers,10.000reflectivearmbands).

Project Report - Pilot Project in Osrednjeslovenska and Podravska Region


22⃝

WithinAVP’sROSEEpilotproject„Cyclistcounterwithdisplay"

was placed in Osrednjeslovenska region,exactlyonDunajskaroad

towards the city center of Ljubljana. It counts the cyclists which pass the counter each day and shows

them how many cyclists have passed this spot on that day.

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23⃝

4.PilotProjectinOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaRegion

One of the key tasks within ROSEE project was to implement differentmeasuresandactivitiesforimprovingsafetyofcyclistsand to promote safe cycling. First of all, among vulnerable road usersasatargetedpopulation,cyclistswerechosenduetothenumberof fatalities in roadaccidentsamong them. In the lastdecade,thenumberoffatalitiesinroadaccidentshashalved,butatthesametimetheshareoffatalitiesamongcyclistshasbeen

increasing in the last decade.

AVPimplementedpilotprojectinordertoimprovecyclists’safetyon Slovenian roads and also encourage people to cycle more, especially in urban areas in Osrednjeslovenska and Podravskaregion. Below is a summary of AVP project pilot activities andresults.

Two main innovative traffic measures were implemented in pilot regions:

• "Sharrow"wasimplementedinPodravskaregion-inMaribor(widerareaofSlomšeksquare)."Sharrow"isa road marking, which indicates that cyclists can use the whole lane together with other drivers.

• "Cyclist counter with display"wasinstalledinOsrednjeslovenskaregion-inLjubljana(Dunajskaroadtowardsthecitycenter).It counts the cyclists which pass the counter each day and shows them how many cyclists have passed this spot on that day.

Beforetheplanningandimplementationofpilots,SWOTanalysishasbeenmadeinordertoassessourroleindevelopmentofsafecyclinginpilotregions,butmostlytohelpusaccomplishourgoalsandovercomethetroublesintheimplementationprocess.

④



24⃝

4. 1 SWOT analysis

TheroleoftheSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyindevelopmentofsafecyclinginOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion

During the pilot project a SWOT analysis was carried out todevelop safe cycling in Slovenia. SWOT analysis, which is atool that identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunitiesand threats of an organization, will help us identify gaps andoverlapsinthepilotproject.Specifically,SWOTanalysisisabasic,straightforwardmodel that assesses what an organization canandcannotdoaswellasitspotentialopportunitiesandthreats.It is the most renowned tool for audit and analysis of the overall strategicpositionof theorganizationand itsenvironment. Themethod of SWOT analysis is to take the information from anenvironmental analysis and separate it into internal (strengthsandweaknesses)andexternalissues(opportunitiesandthreats).

Once this is completed, SWOT analysis determines what mayassist the organization in accomplishing its objectives, andwhat obstacles must be overcome or minimized to achievedesired results. A consistent study of the environment in which the organization operates helps in forecasting/predicting thechanging trends and also helps in including them in the decision-makingprocessoftheorganization.

SWOT analysis represents a document for orientation, whichfocused on the role of the Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency todevelop and promote safe cycling in Slovenia, focusing on the OsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion.

Internal factors

STRE

NG

HTS

Knowledgeandinformation.Motivation.Personalcontacts.Traditionandexperiencewith thepreventiveworkandstaffmanagement.European project ROSEE.

ackofstaff.Preoccupationofstaff.Lossoftimeinadministrativework.Reductionofthebudget.

WEA

KNES

SES

OPP

ORT

UN

ITIE

S

Cyclists’safetyisapartofthenationalprogrammefor road safety.NGO’s.Cycling events.MunicipalRoadSafetyCouncilsatthelocallevel.Participationofcyclists’organizations(LjubljanaandMariborCyclistsNetwork).Cooperation with primary schools – competition»Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic«.Knowhow from other EU projects.

Financial situation in EU countries and inSlovenia.Possible worse road safety situation inSlovenia.Lack of safe cycling infrastructure.Lack of political support for road safetypreventiveactivities. TH

REAT

S

External factorsTable 1: Abstract of SWOT analysis.

Strengths

Strengths are the qualities that enable an organization toaccomplish their mission. Strengths are the beneficial aspectsoftheorganizationorthecapabilitiesofanorganization.Theseare also the basis on which continued success can be madeand continued/sustained. Strengths can be either tangible orintangible. These arewhat an organization iswell-versed in orwhat it has expertise in, the traits and qualities organization’semployeespossess(individuallyandasateam)andthedistinctfeaturesthatgiveorganizationitsconsistency.

Slovenian Traffic SafetyAgency is a legal bodyof public law inthe field of road safety, established on September 1st 2010.Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency is the central institution fortrafficsafety.Itsmissionistoreducetheworstconsequencesofaccidents (fatalities and injuries). Agency performs regulatory,developmental, technical, and other tasks regarding drivers and vehicles, analytical and researchwork in the field of roadsafety, prevention, education and training. As a member ofmany international organizations (ETSC, La PRI, FERSI, IRTAD,CIECAetc.)theagency has the opportunity to gain knowledge

››››››››

25⃝

and to exchange views on international level. Each year AVPrepresentatives attend and organize international conferences,seminarsandeducationalcoursesoninternationalandnationallevel,wherepersonalcontactsaremade.AVPalsohasanaccessto roadtrafficaccidentsdataandhas theabilityofperformingdata processing.

RoadSafetyCouncil(whichbecameapartoftheagencyin2010)hasthetraditionandexperiencewithpreventiveworkandstaffmanagement,as itsperformancegoesbackto1972.TheRoadSafetyCouncilwasestablishedfordeveloping,implementingandupdatingpreventive activities andmeasures for road safety. Inthe frameworkof itsactivitiestheyalsodevelopedandcarriedout some of the most well-known preventive activities – which have become traditional, suchasnational cyclingcoursesandcompetition in primary schools, dissemination of preventivematerials,suchasyellowrue,reflectivebodies,armadillofigureetc. Road Safety Council is also responsible for preparing and organizing traffic-educational programs, technical support,coordination, training andmonitoring ofmunicipal road safetycouncils, preparing and issuing preventive expert materialsandalsocoordinationandsupportofNGO’s,social responsiblecompaniesandinternationalorganizations.Itsworkiscrucialtocombineandintegrateroadsafetypreventiveactivitiesonlocalandnationallevel.Itsroleisalsoincoordinatinglocalroadsafetycouncilstoensurethatpreventiveactivitiesandmeasurescanbesuccessfully implemented on a local level and in schools in most municipalities.

Well established preventive activities of the agency cover a widerangeofroadsafetytopics.Agencycoordinatespreventivecampaigns on speed, alcohol, safety belt, pedestrian safety, safety ofmotorcyclists, railroad crossing safety andpreventioncampaign in schools and at local road safety councils and also assistance and cooperation with local communities andcivil society. The agency has valuable experience in project managementandisinvolvedinseveralinternationalresearchesand projects which together with other countries contribute to traffic safety. The Agency (Road Safety Council) was thedeveloperoftheinternationalprojectVAMOSanditparticipated

in international projects such as DRUID, EUCHIRES, SUPREME,SARTREandRoadSafetyWeb.Experiencesfromtheprojectsarevaluable and useful for our work in enhancing road safety on differentlevelsandfromdifferentperspectives.Knowledgewasgainedonareassuchas:preparationofjointresearchprojects,promoting exchanges of research results, best practices andresearchskills,cooperationbetweendifferentorganizationsand,ultimately,providingtechnicalassistancefordifferentbodiesofEuropeanUniontodevelopappropriatemeasuresinthefieldofroad safety.

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyparticipatesinthe project ROSEE (ROadSafetyinSouthEastEuropeanregions),whichisapprovedunder the 4th call of the SEE Programme in the priority axis:Improvement of the accessibility. Within the project we workon improving cyclists’ safety on our roads and also encouragepeople to cycle more, especially in urban areas. The general objectiveoftheproposedprojectiscontributiontothedecreasein the number of road deaths among cyclists and decrease in seriously injured cyclists. Aim of the pilot project is to raise awareness related to road safety behaviour, by establishing new preventive activities for cyclists’ safety. The main goal will beachievedbypromotionofsafecycling,atthesametimefocusingonmobility,ecology,healthbenefitsandreducingcongestioninurban areas and also by fostering a new dynamic among road safety stakeholders by improving knowledge and enhancing communication and cooperation between the various areasrelatedtocyclists’safety.

The preventive campaign for cyclists’ safety was coordinatedby AVP in 2013 and 2014. In the preventive activities thereare different stakeholders involved (national authorities,municipalities,andcivilsociety),forexample:thePolice,Ministryof Infrastructure and Spatial Planning, Ministry of Education,ScienceandSport,MunicipalityofLjubljana,citytrafficwardens,municipal road safety councils, Regional Environmental Center, SafeJourneyInstitute,MariborCyclingNetworkandother.Withinthe preventive campaign, also cycling events were organized,wherepromotionofsafecyclingwasthepriority.

Opportunities

Opportunities are presented by the environmentwithinwhichanorganizationoperates.Thesearisewhenanorganizationcantakebenefitofconditionsinitsenvironmenttoplanandexecutestrategiesthatenableittobecomemoreprofitableorsuccessful.Organizationscangaincompetitiveadvantagebymakinguseofopportunities.Organizationshouldbecarefulandrecognizetheopportunitiesandgraspthemwhenevertheyarise.

Cyclists’ safety is a part of the Resolution of National Programme for road safety 2013-2022, which has been set on national level,wherevisionzeroandgoals forthenextdecadeweredefined.Theparliamentvotedonthenationalprogrammefor road safety, which was submitted by the government.We

mayassumethatpreventiveactivitiesandmeasuresforgroupsof vulnerable road users, which also include the group of cyclists, haveastrongpoliticalsupportandpublicacceptanceinSlovenia.Activities that are planned for improving cyclists’ safetywithinthenationalprogrammeare:preventiveactivitiesforpromotionof helmets and lights on bicycles, raising awareness among drivers, establishment of standards for infrastructure measures on national and local level, establishment of cycling strategy,construction of cycling routes, systematic and comprehensiveimplementation of road safety educational content inkindergartens and schools etc.

The contribution of the private sector to road safety is very



26⃝

important in Slovenia. There were more than 20 partners from private sector, mainly NGOs, co-financed by Slovenian TrafficSafety Agency until 2011. After 2011, the budged for roadsafety has been reduced and there has been no partnerships established since, with exception of continuous cooperationwithnational radionetwork.However, variousactors carryoutroadsafetyactivitiesincooperationwiththepublicauthorities,mainlywithadhocagreementsofcooperationwithinaspecificpreventive campaign. Their contribution may be in terms ofmanagementofparticularactivities,expertise,research,fundingand communication on key road safety issues. Currently, inSlovenia there are about 35 NGO’s working in the field of road safety and prevention. A fewof themare committed toimproving conditions for regular use of bicycles for transport,recreation and tourism purposes. Overall these organizationsare representing different interests of cyclists, including theirsafety in traffic.Mostactivecyclists’ organizations in Slovenia are: Slovenian Cyclists Association, Slovenian Cyclists Network(LjubljanaCyclistsNetwork,MariborCyclistsNetworkandObalaCyclistsNetwork).

InSloveniathereareafewwidelyrecognizedtraditionalcycling events, for example: the FranjaMarathon, Juriš naVršič, RaceacrossSlovenia,BikeFestivalandotherrecreationalevents,races,andcyclingmarathons.Forexample,fromApriltoOctober2013,there were 48 registered recreational cycling public events inSlovenia.Alsoothercyclingeventsinlesserextentareorganizedeach year in Slovenia by AVP, local municipalities and NGO’s.According to the number of cycling events, we can conclude that cycling is popular and widespread.

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency in cooperation with Road

Safety Council of Municipality of Ljubljana organizedNational competition »What do you know about traffic« in June 2013(and also May in 2014). Competitions "What do you knowabout traffic" have a long tradition and are a traditional formof preventive actions for cyclists, running from the school level within primary schools in cooperation with municipal road safety councils, at the regional level and finally at thenational level.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency isresponsibleforthe content design, implementation of competition and theorganization of the national competition. Competitions "Whatdoyouknowabout traffic"arealso supportedby theMinistryof Education, Science and Sport. The competition is organizedfor school children (cyclists and drivers of mopeds), who testtheir theoretical knowledge of traffic rules, driving skills onpolygon and practical driving in real traffic situations. The aimofthissortofcompetitionistoencouragechildrentocompeteinknowledgeandsafebehaviourintraffic.Thecompetitionalsomeansadditionalincentivetolearntrafficrulesanddevelopingsafe driving skills in broad number of involved children.

In Slovenia, several projects financed from EU funds, for example ROSEE, CHAMP, MOBILE2020, CIVITAS Elan, BikeTrackBikeand others focusing on cycling, are ongoing or have already completed. Many informationandknowledge isgatheredasaresultofthesesortsofprojects.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyhas an opportunity of collecting and combining information,sharing knowledge and actively participating on differentaspects of cycling in Slovenia, through conferences, meetingsandseminars,whichareusuallyorganizedbyoneoftheprojectpartners.However, new solutions, ideas or even infrastructuremeasures for safe cycling from EU countries can be available for differentstakeholdersinSlovenia.

Weaknesses

Weaknesses are the qualities that prevent organization fromaccomplishingitsmissionandachievingitsfullpotential.Theseweaknessesdeteriorateinfluencesontheorganizationalsuccessandgrowth.Weaknessesarethefactorswhichdonotmeetthestandardstheyshouldmeet.Weaknessesarecontrollable.Theymustbeminimizedandeliminated.

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency has 102 employees, 26 ofthem are working in central location, and others are locatedin 16 driver test centers for driving licensing. Employees incentral location perform different tasks, such as regulatory,developmental, technical, and other tasks regarding drivers and vehicles, analytical and research work, prevention, education,andtraining.Theyalsoperformindependentinvestigationofthefactors and causes of traffic fatalities and provide expertworkforpreparationandimplementationofnationalprogrammeforroad safety. Other tasks are also assessing road infrastructure safety (within jurisdiction), providing education and raisingpublicawarenessaboutnewtechnicalstandards,solutionsandother measures. Employees in driver test centers for driving licensingareresponsiblefortheoreticalandpracticaltestingof

candidates for drivers. Employees besides regular tasks also work ondifferentadhocactivitiesandonEuropeanprojects,wherethe difficulty of employing new staff is a problem because of employment restrictions in public sector in Slovenia. Also thestudentwork indifferentpreventiveactivitiesandevents isnolonger possible, because of strict limitations due to financialcrisis.Work thathasbeenpreviouslyassigned tostaff inotherforms of employment (students and part-time employees)is now rescheduled on employees in the agency, which are overburdened and preoccupied. Due to lack of administrativestaff, the employees working on road safety content have toundertake also some of the administrative work, for examplebookkeeping, mail, preparing travel orders etc.

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyisalegalbodyofpubliclawandtherefore is a subject to strict savings measures in the public sector due to financial crisis. The agency’s budget is threadedbyeveryrebalanceofthenationalbudget.Theagency’sbudget,assignedtoprogramimplementationhasbeenaffectedbystrictreductionoffinancialfundsinthelastthreeyears.

››››››››

27⃝

Threats

Threatsarisewhenconditionsinexternalenvironmentjeopardizethereliabilityandprofitabilityoftheorganization’sbusiness.Theycompound the vulnerability when they relate to the weaknesses. Threats areuncontrollable.Whena threat comes, the stabilityand survival can be at stake.

Overall, current financial situation in Slovenia has declined. TheSlovenianGDPpercapitahasbeendecreasing for the lastfouryears.Theeconomyslidintorecessionin2009andagainin2011,duetothefallindomesticconsumption,anddecreaseinexport.Thereductionofpublicandprivatesectorindebtednessissignificantlyweighingongrowthamidtightfinancialconditions,growing unemployment and stalling export performance. The fiscal austerity, the freeze on budget expenditure, the failureof the efforts to implement economic reforms, inappropriatefinancing,andthedecreaseofexportarereasonsforthedecreaseindomesticconsumption.Inaddition,theconstructionindustrywas severelyhit in2010and2011. In thebroaderperspectivealso the European economy is unpredictable in consequently is difficulttopredictfinancialsituationinSloveniainthefuture.

Due to financial crisis the national budget on road safety is significantly reduced.Manypreventiveactivities,mostlymediaadvertising, infrastructure improvements and maintenance,preventive events and production and dissemination ofpreventive materials for different groups of vulnerable roadusersareconsiderablyreducedornotexistingatall.There isapossibilityofworseningroadsafetysituationduetofactorslistedabove.

Safe and regulated cycling infrastructure is one of the requirements related to financial situation in the country.Maintenance, development and improvement of cyclinginfrastructureisnecessaryforimprovingcyclists’safety,especiallyinurbanareaswhereheavytrafficoccurs.When infrastructuremanagingisnotkeepingupwithgrowthofcyclisttraffic,thereisa great possibility of worsening of the safety of cyclists.

Anationalcyclingnetworkencompassesabout2700kmofcyclingconnections.InaccordancewiththePublicRoadsActthecyclinginfrastructure in the city is co-financed by each community.Cycling connections should continue and link long distanceconnectionstoso-calledmainandregionalcyclingconnectionsthroughSlovenia.Thecyclingconnectionsnetworkmustassuresafe, healthy and comfortable use of bicycle for daily needs of workandliving,recreationalandsportneeds,accesstothemostimportant tourist places and natural sight places. It has to be designed in a way that it assures comfort and safety for cyclists anddoesnotaffecttheenvironment.Themainproblemisthatthesmallpartofthenetwork isalready implemented.Mostoftheproposednetworkisstill inthestatusofstrategicplanssetonly as proposed directions. The technical documentationwillbepreparedstepbystepfortheeachlinkunderthepriorities.Themostimportantpriorityissafetyofcyclists(Source:NationalCycling Network Development Strategy in the Republic ofSlovenia).

Political situation in Slovenia is currently unstable and mostlyfocused on financial and economic topics. Therefore theimportance of road safety could not be a priority on politicallevelanymore.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyasanautonomouscentralinstitutionforroadsafetyinSloveniacouldbejeopardizedas a result of political tendencies of savings on road safety.



28⃝

4. 2 Pilot in Podravska region - "Sharrow" in Maribor

WithinPodravskaregion,thecityofMariborwaschosenasmostsuitable location for pilot project focused on cyclists. Mariboris a city where the cycling is becoming more popular and cycle trafficisincreasing.AVPwithcooperationofroadsafetyexperts,municipalroadsafetycouncil,PoliceandMariborCyclingNetworkand their consent to examine the road safety situation in theMariborcitycentreimplementednewtraffic-technicalmeasure"sharrow". The first step was to do a road safety inspection.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencycoverswithin its jurisdictiononnational level road safety inspection and has trained the firstgeneration of licensed road safety auditors, who assess thesafetyofroadinfrastructureinallphasesofdesign,constructionandoperation.ScopeofworkofauditorsinSloveniaiscurrentlymandatory for the assessment of the motorway network, which is part of the trans-European road network. However, road safety auditors are now responsible for the technical assessment of secondary roadsand roadsmanagedby the local communitieswhere the issue of road safety is most acute.

LocationofSlomšeksquareinMaribor(andsurroundingstreets)is a populated locationwhere there are a lot of cyclists and afew institutions, such as University of Maribor, UniversityLibrary,SloveneNationalTheatreMaribor,PostOffice,FacultyofMedicineetc. Inthediscussedareathereareveryrarespecificsurfaces dedicated to cyclists, in most of the cases on this road sectionstherearenone.Duetotherelativelyfrequentedmotortraffic,mostlyshort-termparkingiscausingasignificantnumberofarrivals/departuresfromthearea,problemofcyclists’safetyandadequacyofexistingtrafficmanagementsolutionsforcyclingtrafficarises.

RoadsafetysiteinspectionwasimplementedonthewiderareaofSlomšeksquare(includingOrožnovastreet,Gledališkastreet,Slovenska street and Strossmayerjeva street) in the October2013. As a result proposals for improvements were made foreachinspectedlocation.

MeetingwithlocalstakeholdersforplanningpilotinMaribor.

››››››››

29⃝

"BEFORE"

Maribor,Slomšeksquareand surrounding streetsbefore implementation

of AVP pilot project SHARROW

Therewasdeficitofcyclistselements,pavementcondition,roadmarkings.

AVPsolutionswasimplementationof"Zone30",implementationof

"SHARROW"andnewroadmarkings.



30⃝

Location Deficit description Proposal of improvements

OrožnovaStreet IntheareaofOrožnoveSt.currentlytherearenomarkedsurfacesforcyclists. Despite one way traffic, there are also cyclists riding in theoppositedirection.Wrong-wayridingrepresentsinadequatetrafficsafetybehaviour, especially becauseof aparallel parkingarranged. Existingroad width does not allow safe driving or encounters between cyclists and motor vehicles. Damaged carriageway: cracks, cracks in a shape of a net, potholes,deformationsattheedges.Damageof thecarriagewayarounddraincoversanddrainchannelsatthe edge of a carriageway.Poorlyvisibleroadmarkings,practicallyerasedonmostfrequentspots.

Implementationof"Zone30".Implementationof"sharrow".Newroadmarkings.

Slomšek Square In the area of Gledališka St. there are no surfaces dedicated to cyclists. One-waytraffic.Carriagewayisinrelativelygoodcondition.Noroadmarkings.


Gledališka Street IntheareaofSlovenskaSt.thereisacycletrackonlyinonedirection.AttheintersectionofSlovenskaSt.andStrossmajerjevaSt.cyclisttrafficis not directly regulated.One-waytraffic.Therearevisiblecracksonthecarriageway(cracks,cracksinashapeofanet).Poorlyvisibleroadmarkings.

Implementationof"Zone30".Implementationof"sharrow".

Slovenska Street IntheareaofSlovenskaSt.thereisacycletrackonlyinonedirection.AttheintersectionofSlovenskaSt.andStrossmajerjevaSt.cyclisttrafficis not directly regulated.One-waytraffic.Therearevisiblecracksonthecarriageway(cracks,cracksinashapeofanet).Poorlyvisibleroadmarkings.


Strossmayerjeva Street

AttheintersectionofSlovenskaSt.andStrossmajerjevaSt.cyclisttrafficis not directly regulated.IntheareaofStrossmayerjevaSt.(fromtheintersectionwithGosposvetskaSt.tointersectionwithSmetanovaSt.)therearenosurfacesdedicatedtocyclists. Two-waytraffic.Therearevisiblecracksonthecarriageway(cracks,cracksinashapeofanet);Poorlyvisibleroadmarkings.

Implementationof"Zone30".Implementationof"sharrow".Newroadmarkings.OnintersectionwithGosposvetskast. implementation of "cyclingbox".

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31⃝

"AFTER"

Maribor,Slomšeksquareandsurrounding streets after implementation of AVP pilot project SHARROW

WithinAVP’SROSEEpilotprojecttherewas"SHARROW"implemented

- road marking, which indicates that cyclists can use the whole lane

together with other drivers, also "Zone30"andbikeboxeswere

implemented and new road markings were delineated.



32⃝

On the basis of suggested location by local authorities andproposal for improvements, that was a result of RSI on the widerareaofSlomšeksquare,AVPandMunicipalityofMariborimplementedaninnovativetraffic-technicalmeasure "sharrow" (shared lane marking). "Sharrow" comes from the expressionshare the road and represents an innovative traffic-technicalmeasurestillunknownamongthewiderpublic.Sharrowissharedspaceforcycliststogetherwithmotorizedtraffic.Itisindicatedbyroad marking, which is placed in the center of a lane. This marking indicates that a cyclist may use the full lane and is not pushed to theside.SharrowfirstlyappearedinUnitedStatesofAmerica.Asymbolforsharrowwasinventedin1993incityofDenverwithinDenverBicycleMasterPlan. In2004, therewasanexperimentinSanFranciscocalledshared lanemarkings.After that, in theperiodbetween2008and2010aconsiderablenumberofsuchprojects across USA, Canada and Australia were conducted.

In2011,sharrowalsocametoEurope– inNetherlands,CzechRepublic and now also in Slovenia.

The area of Slomšek square and its surrounding streets consists of one way narrow streets around the square, with no place for cycle lanes and many parked vehicles at side and at the same time the speeds of motorized traffic are low. The group ofexperts, representatives of local authorities, police and NGO‘schose this location inMariborasbest to implement "sharrow"inorderto increasecyclistssafety.Additionally,abike box was implemented within the reconstruction of Slomšek square inMaribor.Atintersections(withtrafficlights)cyclistshaveaplacetowaitwhichallows them to ridefirst at thegreen light.Alsoother measures were implemented: such as stands for bicycle parking, less parking places for cars and more for motorcycles and on some parts also the „Zone 30" was introduced.

4. 3 Pilot in Osrednjeslovenska region - "Cyclists counter with display" in Ljubljana

TheMunicipalityofLjubljanacallsforchangingtransporthabitsin the direction of sustainable mobility, where urban cyclingrepresents fast, enjoyable andeffectivewayof transport in anurban environment. Ljubljana is becoming friendlier for cyclists with many improvements in recent years. Therefore, it is not surprising that the share of journeys made by bicycle is growing and currently represents 12% of all journeys. At the constantpromotionofcyclingthereisahighprobabilitythatthissharewillincreaseby40%until2020,asmunicipalityhavesetinTransportPolicy.MunicipalityofLjubljanaalsowontheEuropeanMobilityWeek2013awardamong30othercitiesfrom12countriesandbecametheonlycitywhichreceivedtheETMawardtwice.Theawardconfirmsthatitiswidelyrecognizedthattheireffortsareontherightpathonwhichthemunicipalitystrivesforabetterqualityoflifeandservicesforcitizens.MunicipalityofLjubljanaalso won prestigious Eurocities award for safe school routesportal.

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency together with Municipality ofLjubljanainstalledcyclistcounteronDunajskaroadinLjubljana,towards city center. The area of pilot implementation wassuggestedbylocalauthorities,becauseDunajskaroadisoneofthelocationsinLjubljanawithmostheavymotortrafficandthereis large number of cyclists daily as well. Counter had already been installedonthislocationbefore,butthecountingwasnotvisibleto cyclists and other passers-by. Due to AVP pilot project, thecyclists counterwithdisplaywas installedat theendofMarch2014.

Cyclistcounterisaneffectivetoolthatcanhelpmakecyclistsavisiblepartoftheurbantraffic.Itisresponsiblefordisplayingthecountsinrealtimewithdailyorcumulativeyeartodateformats.

Thecounterregistersthecyclistswithasensor line–a loop inthe asphalt on the bike lane a few meters in front of the counter. The counter only registers cyclists on one side of the street, you candoublethenumbersuptoestimatehowmanycyclistsusebothdirections.Cyclistcounterhas tobe installedonacyclingpathwithheavycyclisttraffic,wherea lotofcyclistspasseachday.Anaddedbenefitwouldbeifitisalsovisibletodriversandpedestrians.

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33⃝

Cyclists counter with display in Ljubljana

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencytogetherwithMunicipalityof Ljubljana installed cyclist counteronDunajskaroadin

Ljubljana, towards city center.



34⃝

This kind of infrastructure improvement is devoted to promotion of cycling and increasing bicycle use and is immediately enjoyed by the cyclist. The cyclist counter represents the integrationof infrastructure and public data in a way that is transparent, interactiveandevenfunforcitizensanditshowsthemthattheycount. Ithastheeffectofmakingonefeelcountedasavaluedmember of society while sending a clear signal to the larger community that cycling is a priority.

Cyclistcountersalsoservetheverypracticalfunctionofproviding a steady stream of real-time data toauthorities (forexample:municipalities) on how cyclists are traveling through the city.Timely and robustdata canplay a vital role in amunicipality’sfunding and planning decisions. Nowadays, the congestion,

climate change, immobility and obesity are the reasons to do things differently. The number of cyclists cannot suddenlyincrease just because of a cyclist counter, but it can either be a firststepandasignaltocitizenssayingthatcyclistsareapriority.Information about how many cyclists are around can be apowerful tool for those who argue for more bike paths and more cyclist-friendly streets, and it can probably also encourage other people to join them. Cycling is affordable and healthy modeof travel and it also reduces pollution, emissions and relievecongestion.Cyclistcounterisaneffectiveequipmenttopromotecycling to wider public.

4. 4 Speed management strategy

AVP pilot project was focusing mainly on promotion of safecycling in Ljubljana andMaribor. The capital city Ljubljana is apartofOsrednjeslovenskaregion,withitspopulationof286.000inhabitants.Maribor is the second largest city in Slovenia andhasapopulationof95.000inhabitants.AccordingtotheOECD,Cycling,HealthandSafety,ResearchReport (2014),Ljubljana isranked fourthamongcapital cities inEuropewithmostcyclingtraffic.

On Slovenian roads we are facing road safety problems mainly related to non-compliance of traffic safety rules and in somecasesrelativelylowcultureofroadusers.Theconsequencesofsuch behaviour are often seen in road traffic accidents,whichhave serious impact, both for individuals as well as society as a whole. Undoubtedly, the loss of life is the most serious consequenceofroadaccident.Nevertheless,seriousandslightinjuriesofroadusersandsubstantialmaterialdamageasresultsin traffic accidents constitute a national problem. In the firstplace among the priority areas we should highlight the problem of speed. Speeding on European and Slovenian roads is a major factor in road accidents, especially the ones with the severest consequences.Despitethetrendofslowingspeedsandreducingthenumberoffatalitiesandseriousinjuriesinrecentyears,thenumber of fatalities in road accidentswhich occur due to thespeeding remains high.

Main aim was to improve safety of vulnerable road users, focusing mainly on improving safety of cyclists. Other objectives were to reduce the number of road accidents involving cyclists and theirconsequencesby improvingconditions forcycling;andtoreduce the number of road accidents involving cyclists and their consequences that occur due to speeding. Another objectivewas to promote safe cycling in order to encourage people to cyclemorebyimprovinggeneralconditionsforcyclingandalsoreducing the risk of road accidents.

In Osrednjeslovenska region 384 road accidents happened in2013,where72accidentshappenedduetospeeding.3peoplewere killed, 39 were seriously injured and 300 were slightly

injured. Inthewiderareaofthecyclistcounter(Dunajskaroadtowardsthecitycenterandsurroundingstreets), therewere8road accidents involving cyclists in 2013. In these accidents, 7cyclistswereslightlyinjured,1cyclistwasseverelyinjuredand1cyclist had no injuries. In three road accidents, the cyclist caused theroadaccident.Only2outof9cyclistswerewearingahelmet.Childrenoradolescentswerenotinvolvedintheseaccidents.4outof9cyclistswereintheagegroupbetween45and54.Themostcommoncauseofthetrafficaccidentsisrightofway.

InPodravskaregiontherewere270roadaccidents,63ofthemhappenedduetospeeding.1personwaskilled,20wereseriouslyinjuredand223wereslightlyinjured.Ontheareaof"sharrow"implementation in the center ofMaribor, there were 2 trafficaccidents involving cyclists. In one of the accidents, the cyclists hadslightinjuries.Bothcyclistscausedthetrafficaccidents,onecyclistwas15yearsold,theotheronewas23yearsold.Noneofthem was using a cycling helmet.

This strategy aimed at continuation of cooperation andcoordination among different stakeholders in the field of roadsafety.OnpilotareasinOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion,local authorities have very important role in order to improveroad safety situation,mostly in relation to road infrastructure,such as assessments, maintenance and upgrading. Veryimportantpart relating road safetyon local level is also strongand regular cooperation among local authorities, city trafficwardens and police, especially regarding speed enforcement. Regularmeasuring of average speeds ofmotorized traffic andalso measuring average speed of cyclists should be implemented in order to understand the situation on specific locations.Authoritiesshouldcontinuetouseexistingroadsafetydataandcombine it with proposed data of average speeds to determine resource allocations for road maintenance and upgrades onthe segment. In this strategy also several other measures were proposed and planned, mainly from preventive aspect andpromotion of safe cycling (for example: "Zone 30", installationof preventive speed table, updated guidelines to plan cyclinginfrastructure,informingandpromotingnewmeasuresetc).

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Implementationof"sharrow"asAVP’sROSEEpilot

projectisatraffic-technicalmeasure to improve safety of cyclists

from infrastructural and behavioral point of view.

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36⃝

Datafromcyclists counter onDunajska

road in Ljubljana: The average number of cyclists per day in June of 2014was2823.

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5.Changeoflegislationanddevelopment of strategic documents

5. 1 Technical specifications for "sharrow" - amending Guidelines for planning of cycling infrastructure

Technical specifications for the implementation of »sharrow«–shared lanemarking,werepreparedasoneof the resultsofprojectROSEE.Withintheproject,wherewefocusedprimarilyon the safety of cyclists and on promotion of safe cycling,weimplemented"sharrow" inthebroaderareaofSlomšeksquaretogetherwithMunicipalityofMaribor.

Shared lanemarking – »sharrow« is ameasurewhere cyclistsare allowed (with special traffic signals –markings) to use the

full lane - riding in the middle of the lane. The drivers of motor vehicles are indicated that the road should be equally used together with cyclists. For drivers of motor vehicles the measure makesiteasiertonoticecyclists,whilecyclistsarenotpushedtothe side of the road. This way they can avoid damaged roadway and the sand on the sides or opening the door of motor vehicles parked at the side.

The conditions and criteria to introduce a measure of sharing the lane

Characteristicsofroadinfrastructure:• Whenthe space limitations donotallowtheexecutionofadifferent(better)shape

surfaces for cyclists, for example. bicycle lane or bicycle path.• Onlywithinurbancenter;• Inthecaseofatwo-laneroad(withtwo-waytraffic)whentheroadwaywidthisbetween5,0mand7,0m;• Inthecaseofsingle-laneroad(withone-waytraffic),wherethedirectionofcyclist

trafficshouldbeidenticaltothedirectionoftravelofmotortraffic;• Wheretheslope(climb)doesnotexceed3%.Forexample,whenadownhilltherearenoparticularrestrictions;• Whenthereispropersafetywidthcorrectlyimplementedalongmarkedparkingspacesandcarriageway(min.0,5m);• Itisrecommendedthatalargerareaisregulatedbythesameprincipleofmanagingcycliststraffic,soastoachievebetter

predictabilityand,consequently,appropriatemanagingbothcyclistsandotherroadusers(particularlymotorvehicledrivers).

Trafficcharacteristics:• Thesectionswherethedensityofmotorvehiclestrafficislow-nomorethan400vehiclesinthepeakhour;• Thespeedofmotorvehiclesmustberelativelylow(measuredspeedofmotorvehiclesV85%mustbelessthan40km/h)• Implementedareawithlimitedspeed("zone30");• Limitedshareofcommercialvehicles(includingbuses)is10%.

Trafficsafetyrequirements:• Incaseswhereexistingarrangementsoftraffic(eg.cyclistsontheroad)cyclistsfeel"threatened"bydriversofmotorvehicles• Whencyclistswithridingonthesidewalks(becausecyclingsurfacesdonotexist)endangerthesafetyofpedestrians• Allgroupsofcyclists(alsochildrenandelderly)shouldbeabletocyclesafely

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5. 2 National strategy for safety of cycle traffic (proposal)

The proposal of National Strategy provides an analysis of theroadsafetysituationandtaking intoaccounttheexperienceofcycling’s most developed countries and cities. Furthermore itsuggestsarangeofactionstosupportthevisionofSloveniaasacountrydefinedwithclearobjectives,wherecyclingissafemodeoftransport.Thestrategydefinestheconditionsthataffectthesafetyofbicycletrafficand identifiesthestakeholdersrequiredforitsimprovementandtheleveloftheiroperation.Itspecifiesstatisticaltrendsupto2023withquantifyedobjectives.Basedontheestablishedguidelinesactivitiesandmeasuresarepreciselydefined for individual areas, while given the timeframes andresponsible stakeholders.

The proposal of National Strategy in the first chapter givesa general overview on the field of cycling in Slovenia. Theproposal later puts proposed measures into the context of cycling population structure, legislative framework and policydocumentsofroadsafety,infrastructurecharacteristicsandthestructureandspecificitiesoftherelevantstakeholders.Startingfromthefactthatthevastmajorityoftrafficaccidentsinvolvingcyclists occur in urban areas, the document points to increasing bicycle traffic in urban centers and pays particular attentionto the state of cycling infrastructure in Slovenian cities. It alsocomparesthetypicalregulationoftransportregimesandcyclinginfrastructureinSloveniawiththesituationincountriesthatsetagoodexampleofregulationandandsafetyofbicycletraffic.

The strategy suggests that, with the exception of investmentsin the national network of cycling connections, significantimprovements are possible without large investments in the constructionof separate cyclingnetwork. Improving the safetyof bicycle traffic requires compliance with the principles ofdirectness,continuity,safety,convenienceandattractivenessof

cyclingconnectionsatthespatialandtransportplanning,modernknowledgeonsafecyclingandontrafficmanagementandqualityofthedesignandimplementationofavarietyofmeasuresthatallowpublicroadsandtheareasforcyclists,pedestrians(andinsomecasesformotorvehicles)becomesafeforvulnerableroadusers,ultimately,withthehelpofhigh-qualitymaintenance.

In Slovenia we have a wide range of actors on the systemic, institutionalandindividuallevelswhoaredealingwiththesafetyof bicycle traffic. Then follows a brief section on the safety ofbicycletrafficintheworld,wheretheexamplesofgoodpracticeare given in the field of promotion of bicycle traffic safety,trainingridersforsafecycling,cooperationauthoritiesandnon-governmentalorganizations,mediacampaignsinsupportofthesafetyofcyclistsandbicycletraffic,etc.

On the basis of statistical trends and taking into account theResolution on theNational Programme of Road Safety for theperiod2013-2022andthemeasuresenvisagedinthestrategyquantified, theobjectivestoreducethenumberofdeathsandseriously injured cyclists in Slovenia are given. In conclusion, the chapteralsoidentifiesotherobjectivesforimprovingthesafetyofbicycletraffic,suchasmaintainingthetrendofincreasingbicycletraffic ("safety in numbers"), inwhich it is primarily necessarytoensureadequatemonitoringofbicycletraffic,converttraffichierarchy in favor of vulnerable groups road users, to reduce the potentialforconflictbetweencyclistsandpedestrians,etc..InthelastchaptertheactivitiesandmeasurestoimprovethesafetyofbicycletrafficinSloveniainthefieldoftransportinfrastructure,management,technicalequipment,vehicles,research,educationand training, communication and financing are suggested andexplained.

5. 3 National Report on road safety situation in Slovenia

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency prepared a National ReportwithinWorkPackage3(roadsafetydataandanalysis).FirstdraftwascompletedinJuly2013,butwaslaterin2014amendedandupdatedwithnewdata.OnthebasisofNationalReports fromall partner countries a Transnational Report was developedsummarizing thecontentsandprovidingacomparativepictureon road safety in the SEE region.

Nationalreportisadocumentwherethemostimportantaspectsof road safety situation, legislation and institutional capacity,availability of road safety data and information, road networkconditions and road users behavior in Slovenia is presented.Within theROSEEprojectwewere focusing on vulnerable roadusersbyreviewingroadsafetydata,goodpracticeandcampaignsrelatingtogroupsofvulnerableroadusers.Wewerealsofocusingon modeling infrastructure improvements (identifying high risklocationsonsecondaryroad,developingimplementingmeasuresetc.)

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5. 4 Review of best practice examples of safe cycling in Europe

Thedocumentpresentsanoverviewofsomeofthebestpracticesand interesting measures of improving the safety of cyclistsand generally improving conditions for cycling. Examplesweregathered mainly from cycling more developed countries, such as Denmark,Netherlands,UnitedKingdomandothers,butcanalsospread tootherEuropean countries,whichare still developinginthefieldofcyclinginfrastructureandimprovedconditionsforcyclists.Anoverviewofbestpracticescanraiseawarenessamongthe ROSEE project partners and the wider interested public about activitiesandmeasuresinthefieldofprovisionofsafecyclingandpossiblygivetheideaforthefurtherdevelopmentandpromotionof safe cycling in cycling less developed countries. The document includesexamplesofgoodpracticefromtheaspectofreducingnegativeoutcomesof road crashes and theaspectof avoidingroad crashes in thefirst place. Theexamples in thedocumentcovertheareasofengineeringandplanningmeasures,educationandtraining,encouragementandpromotionandotherexamplesofbestpractice.

For example, cycling highways are presented in the document. Cycle highways give cyclists a safe, smooth ride and eliminate as many stops as possible in connecting city center with thesuburbantowns.Inadditiontothestripespaintedontheasphaltthatindicatetheroute,cyclistscanalsoenjoyamenitiessuchasairpumps,saferintersectionsandtrafficlightstimedtoaveragecycling speed, reducing the number of stops. The initiativesare intended as a way to encourage more commuters to travel bybicycle, even if their commutesare longer than10km. Forexample,inCopenhagenthenetworkisstillinconstructionandit will increase the number of cycle lanes in Greater Copenhagen by15percent. Secondly, sustainable LED lightning system for bicycle path is described as a measure where LED lights arelocated on the last stretch of bike lanes leading up to a busy intersection and start flashing and alerting turning vehicles tothe presence of cyclists. In the document also the green wave fromDenmark,Traffic Eye Zürich, Yakkay helmets, Love London Go Dutch campaign and many other measures for cyclists are presented.

Project Report - Preventive campaigns and raising awareness events


40⃝

Promotional and educational short film on "sharrow"

Sharrow should be implemented

in areas with limitedspeed("zone30").

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6.Preventivecampaignsandraising awareness events

6. 1 Preventive campaign for cyclists and public appeal for improving safety of cyclists

Inthecontextofpreventiveactionthatwasledandcoordinatedby Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency we wanted to give specialattentiontoatolerantandresponsiblebehaviourofallroadusers,both cyclists and pedestrians as well as drivers of motor vehicles. The goal was a decrease in number of fatalities and severelyinjured among cyclists. Preventive campaign which started inApril and continued in themonthofMay and June (2013 and2014)wasimplementedinordertoimprovethesafetyofcyclists.Preventive campaign2014 tookplace in the frameworkof the

ROSEEProject.ThroughouractivitiesandefforttoimproveroadsafetywewereunitedwithotherstakeholderssuchasthePolice,Municipality of Maribor, Municipality of Ljubljana, Ministryof Infrastructure and Spatial Planning, Ministry of Education,ScienceandSport,citytrafficwardens,MariborCyclingNetworkand others. Beside different activities and events also a jointpublic appeal was made to raise awareness among all road users toencouragesafebehaviourandtoleranceintraffic.

6. 2 Promotional and educational short film on "sharrow"

One of the AVP deliverables of ROSEE project was alsoshort preventive video on »sharrow«, with educational andpromotional purpose. Implementation of "sharrow" as a pilotprojectisatraffic-technicalmeasuretoimprovesafetyofcyclistfrom infrastructural and behavioral point of view. Its intentionwas to show to wider public how to use sharrow, what are the benefitsofcyclingonareaswhere»sharrow«isimplementedandhowitwasimplementedinSlovenia."Sharrow"isalsopresentedthrough the view of different stakeholders directly involvedin planning and implementing the measure (Municipality of

Maribor,SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency,UniversityofMaribor-FacultyofCivilEngineeringandMariborCyclingNetwork).

The short film is also available on Youtube in Slovenian andEnglish language:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QYyMmPf1ByY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ztQ8e0goS-g

6. 3 Competitions "What do you know about traffic"

Competition "What do you know about the traffic 2013", Ljubljana, 1.6.2013

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyincooperationwithRoadSafetyCouncil of Municipality of Ljubljana organized the nationalcompetition »What do you know about the traffic«. ThecompetitionwasheldonSaturday,June1st2013intheprimaryschoolPoljaneanditssurroundings.

The competition was organized within the project ROSEE andwasheldunder theauspicesof theMayorof Ljubljana.At theofficial opening and a short cultural program prepared by theschoolchildrenPoljaneallparticipantswereaddressedbyactingdirectorofSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency,whoemphasizedtheimportanceofcompetition,improvingknowledgeandskillsandmanaging traffic situations for children’s own safety and thesafety of others. He wished them success at competition andresponsiblebehaviourintrafficinthefuture.Amongthespeakers

whoaddressed thechildrenwerealsohostof thecompetitionPoljane school headmaster, the representative of Ministry ofInfrastructure and Spatial Planning and the president of RoadSafetyCouncilofMunicipalityofLjubljana. Children(cyclistsanddriversofmopeds)testedtheirtheoreticalknowledgeoftrafficrules,drivingskillsonpolygonandpracticaldrivinginrealtrafficsituations.Theaimofthissortofcompetitionis to encourage children to compete in knowledge and safe behaviour in traffic. The competition also means additionalincentivetolearntrafficrulesanddevelopingsafedrivingskillsinbroad number of involved children.

ThecompetitionwhichwasorganizedundertheprojectROSEEis an event with effective approach to influence road users’

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behaviour at early age. Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency willcontinuetofocusoncyclists’safetywithinthepilotprojectinthethirdperiodofROSEEproject,where the suggestions for safercyclists’infrastructureandothermeasureswillbeproposed.

Ashortanalysisoftheresultsofthenationalcompetition"Whatdo you know about the traffic" shows that the competitors

were highly successful, particularly in the theoretical part ofknowledgeofroadtrafficregulationswhereasmuchas38%ofallparticipantstookthetestwithoutfaults.Slightlymoretroublesthey had in driving skills on the polygon, but the most challenging wasthepracticaldrivinginrealtrafficsituations,wherenoneofthe contestants drove without faults.

Competition "What do you know about the traffic 2014", Brezovica, 31.5.2014

Thisyear’scompetitionwasalready23rdnationalcompetitioninSlovenia.Competitions"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic"weretakingplaceat theschool level,at themunicipal/regional leveland then finally national competition. This school year, therewere176Slovenianprimaryschoolscompetingwithover1,700pupils, then47municipalqualifying competitionswere carriedoutfromover90Slovenianmunicipalities.

Also this year, children (cyclists and drivers ofmopeds) testedtheir theoretical knowledge of traffic rules, driving skills onpolygonandpracticaldriving in real traffic situations.Thebestcontestants received awards thatwill help them also in traffic

safety: the best rider received a cycling T-shirt and an anorak, good manual driver and other safety products. Ten of the best competitors received various awards: cycling gloves, manualsgood driver, reflective vests, lights, etc. Also, all participatingcontestants received T-shirts with the help of local donors, as wellasthecyclinghelmetanddiplomaforparticipationgrantedbyAVP.OrganizationofnationalcompetitionwasunderauspicesofAVPwiththehelpofmanyotherstakeholders,suchasPolice,examcommissionsasassessors,participatingschools,citytrafficwardensandrepresentativesofSlovenianAssociationofDriversandMechanicsandothervolunteers,teachersetc.

6. 4 Other preventive events organized within AVP pilot project

Expert meeting with Dutch representatives

In March 2013 Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency together withEmbassyoftheKingdomoftheNetherlandsorganizedanexpertmeetingondevelopmentandpromotionofsafecycling.Meeting’sexpertguestwasMs.AngelaVanderKlooffromDutchorganizationMobycon.Ms.VanderKloofisrenownedlecturerandexpertinthefieldofcycling,cyclingpromotion,cyclinginfrastructuredesignandit’spositioningwithinurbanspace.Ms.VanderKloof isworkingontheso-called‘kickstand’workshopsfordevelopmentofcyclingandcyclingpolicy,alongwiththepresentationofexamplesofgoodpracticefromtheNetherlands,etc.Anexpertmeetinggatheredexpertsandrepresentativesofvariousnationalandlocalagenciesandorganizationsthatareengagedin

activitiesinthefieldofcycling.Themeetingwasattendedby20representativesofmunicipalitiesandmunicipalroadsafetycouncilsfrom various Slovenian municipalities (Maribor, Ljubljana, NovaGorica,Ptuj,Tolmin),representativesofthePolice,representativesofUrbanPlanningInstituteoftheRepublicofSloveniaaswellasrepresentativesofNGOsandSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency.

The primary objective of the meeting wasMs. Van der Kloof’spresentationofgoodpracticesandpoliciesthatpromotecycling,furthermore opening a discussion and exchanging views and information between various stakeholders, and agreement onpossibleexecutionofadditionalin-depthprofessionalworkshops.

European mobility week in 2013 and 2014

EuropeanMobilityWeek tookplacebetween16thand22ndofSeptemberin2013and2014,whereSlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyparticipatedwithvariouspreventiveactivities. In2013EuropeanMobilityWeektaglinewas"CleanAir, It’sYourMove"; in2014atagline was: "Our streets, our choice". Slovenian Traffic SafetyAgencyparticipatedinpreventiveevents,organizedbyMaribor’smunicipalroadsafetycouncilthattookplaceinLibertySquare(Trgsvobode)on19thofSeptember2013.Maribor’sprimaryschoolpupilsattendedthispreventiveeventbycyclingthroughthecitycenter and participating in variety of educational contents atLibertySquare(Trgsvobode).ActivitieswerealsoconductedwithinROSEE project, since pilot project to improve cyclist safety was plannedatthattimetobeimplementedinMaribor.AVPorganized

apreventiveeventinMariborandalsoinLjubljanain2014.Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency participated in the preventiveevent with safe cycling contents: promoting the use of cyclinghelmets with demonstrating bicycle helmet effectivness on theegg, informing on choosing and proper wearing of bicycle helmets, demonstrationoftheinertiaweightofthehumanheadofacyclistfor the purpose of understanding why the use of bicycle helmets is necessary, presentation of bicycle safety training, promotionofanonlinetrafficrulestheorytest,andthepresentationofaninternational project ROSEE with an emphasis on activities toimprove cycling safety.

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Preventive activities and events for cyclists

withinROSEEprojectledbyAVP

European mobility weekMaribor

September2013

Inthe2014therewere176primaryschoolsandmorethan1.700pupilscompetingintheevent»Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic«organizedwithinAVPROSEEpilotproject.

ExpertmeetingwithDutchrepresentatives

LjubljanaMarch2013

BikefestivalLjubljanaMay2014



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Bike festival 2014

Within the campaign ‘You can go far by bicycle’ RegionalEnvironmental Center (REC Slovenia) organized Ljubljana Bikefestival,which tookplace inMay2014.SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencyparticipatedinthecentraleventofthefestivalthatwasheldon24thofMay2014 inCongress Square (Kongresni trg).To festival visitors of all ages, Slovenian Traffic Safety Agencypresented contents related to safe cycling: raising awareness aboutcyclinghelmetsuse(eachyearalmosthalfcyclistsarekilledbecause of head injuries); cycling polygon was placed wherevisitorscould tryout theircyclingskills; inaddition,EUproject

ROSEEwaspresented–activitiescarriedoutwithintheprojectROSEE aimed to promote road safety and at the improvement of accessibility to the road network in South East Europe. SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency’smostrecognizablecontributiontotheROSEEprojectwasimplementationof‘sharrow’inMaribor(Slomšeksquareanditssurroundings),implementationofcyclistscounterwithdisplayonacyclelaneinLjubljana(Dunajskaroad),educationofroadusersandpromotionofsafecycling.

6. 5 Raising awareness letter to all Slovenian mayors

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgencysentaraisingawarenesslettertoall211SlovenianmayorsatthebeginningofROSEEpilotprojectinMay2013.Weexplainedmoreabouttheproject,ourpreviousworkandourplannedactivities to improvesafetyofcyclists inSloveniaandatthesametimeinvitedthemtojoinuswiththeiractivitiesforroadsafety,mainlyfocusingoncyclists.

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Preventive activities and events for cyclists

withinROSEEprojectledbyAVP

Preventivecampaignforcyclists

European mobility weekMaribor

September2014

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WithinAVP’sROSEEpilotproject "Sharrow"wasimplemented

inPodravskaregion,exactlyonwider area of Slomšek square in

Maribor."Sharrow"isaroadmarking,which indicates that cyclists

can use the whole lane together with other drivers.

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7. Evaluationandanalysisofpilots

During the project implementation Slovenian Traffic SafetyAgencywascontinuouslymonitoringindicatorsofroadsafetyinSloveniaingeneralandalsoinOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregionaspilotregions.Weweredevelopingapilotmodelwithin

ROSEEprojectinOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion,whereeffectivemeasuresfortrafficsafetyofcyclistwereexecuted.

Twomaininnovativetrafficmeasureswereimplementedinpilotregions:• "Sharrow"wasimplementedinPodravskaregion-inMaribor(widerareaofSlomšeksquare)."Sharrow"is

a road marking, which indicates that cyclists can use the whole lane together with other drivers. • "Cyclist counter with display"wasinstalledinOsrednjeslovenskaregion-inLjubljana(Dunajskaroadtowardsthecitycenter).

It counts the cyclists which pass the counter each day and shows them how many cyclists have passed this spot on that day.

Theimpactofthepilotswascontinuouslymeasuredthroughvariousindicators,suchas:• Strategic documents suchasTechnicalspecificationsfor"sharrow",NationalStrategyforsafetyofcycle

traffic(proposal),BestpracticeexamplesofsafecyclingfromEU,NationalReportonroadsafetyetc.and promotional tool developed(ashortpromotionalandeducationalfilmon"sharrow").

• Involved stakeholders (representativesofMunicipalityofLjubljana,representativesofMunicipalityofMaribor,SlovenianCyclingAssociation,MariborCyclingNetwork,Police,citywardens,etc).

• Trained mentors forroadsafetyeducation(manualsformentorsofroadsafetyeducationaredisseminatedonseminarsbeforethecompetition"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic")

• All school childreninthe5thgradeofprimaryschoolsareinvolvedineducationandtrainingforsafecycling.Theytesttheirknowledgeontheorytestandalsotheircyclingskillsonpolygonsandinrealtrafficsituation.Thebestofthemcompeteontheschools,regionalandfinallyonthenationalcompetition"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic".

• The evaluation with before/after analysis(on-fieldsurveyingandonlinesurvey).• AVPhasbeenregularlypreparing analysis of road safety situation in Slovenia (theanalysisincludeskeyinformation

onroadsafetysituationandcomparisonwithpreviousyears.Thedataonroadtrafficaccidentsandtheirconsequencesisalsoincluded,completedwiththecomparisonoffatalitiesbymonth,roadusersandstatisticalregions.Additionally,intheanalysisalsothemostfrequentcausesofroadtrafficaccidentsandcomparisonoftheseinthelastfiveyearsareincluded.AVPalsocollecteddataofthenumberofcyclistsonthelocationofthecyclistscounterbefore the cyclist counter with display has been installed. This data showed a high number of cyclists within several monthsandconsequentlyservedasjustificationofcyclistcounterimplementationonthatexactlocation.

• Media reporting-mediaarticles,pressreleasesandinformationonAVPofficialwebsiteregardingpilotproject(altogetheraround39.100peoplewerereachedbymediapublishing).

• Procurement/productionanddisseminationofdifferentpreventive materials (forexample:cyclisthelmets,brochuresforcyclists,leaflets,manuals,stickersetc.).AVPprocured500cyclisthelmets,2500brochures,500leafletsforsharrowand500leafletsforcyclistscounter(printed),100manualsformentors,300manualsfordrivers,25.000stickers).Thismaterialwasdisseminatedwithinmeetings,conferences,senttomunicipalroadsafetycouncilsandschoolsandmostlywasdisseminatedwithin preventive events.Theeventsweremainlyorganizedinawaythatrandompassers-bywereparticipating(forexample:disseminationofinformativeleafletson»sharrow«ontheareaofimplementationoftechnicalmeasure;Bikefestival2014inLjubljana,EuropeanMobilityWeek2013etc.).AllpreventivematerialswereusedsolelyforthepurposeofROSEEprojectpromotiontowiderpublicandpromotionofsafecyclinginthecontextofthepilotprojectobjectives,conductedbyAVP.

• Raised awarenessaboutsafetyofcyclistsandvariouspreventiveactivitiesimplementedforcyclists’

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48⃝

safetyonthelocallevel,asaresultofawarenesslettertoallSlovenianmayorssentbyAVP.• WithintheActionplanforpreventive campaign for cyclists,theanalysisofcyclists’

safety in Slovenia has been prepared, including data on:• cyclistsfatalitiesinroadtrafficaccidents,• seriously and slightly injured cyclists, • comparison of road accidents including cyclists within 5-year period, • use of helmet among cyclists, • road accidents including cyclists in urban areas and outside urban areas, • age groups of cyclists involved in road accidents, • causers of road accidents among cyclists,• injuredcyclistswithinstatisticalregionsinSlovenia,• roadaccidentsinvolvingcyclistsinthedifferenttypesofroads,• the most common causes of road accidents involving cyclists,• the most common types of road accidents involving cyclists,• other involved road users,• comparisonamongEUcountriesregardingfatalitiesamongcyclists.

7. 1 Transnational replicability and stakeholders’ feedback

Both pilot measures ("sharrow" and cyclists counter withdisplay) that AVP implemented within ROSEE project couldalso be implemented in other European countries. There could be knowledge transfer or "know-how" mainly between otherproject partners’ countries but also others. Beside knowledgetransfer, the regulations proposed in Slovenia due to newmeasures (for example: technical specifications for "sharrow"and guidelines for planning cycling infrastructure) could alsobe transferred to other countries. Cyclists counter with display is a traffic-technical measure that could be implementedwithout limitationsanywherewhere thereare cyclistspresent,in order to promote safe cycling and make cyclists visible part ofcommunity.Ontheotherhand,implementationof"sharrow"– shared lane marking is appropriate at the locations undercertain conditions, such as speed limitations (for example:Zone 30), low average speeds of motor vehicles, width ofthe road surface, no freight transport, low traffic density andothers which should be taken into account by other countries whoimplementthiskindoftrafficmeasureforcyclists.Ashortpromotional and educational film could also be used in other

countrieswithminoradjustmentsregardinglanguageandtrafficsigns. Conditionally, also the legislation could be transferredinto other EU countries, mainly technical specifications thatdetermineconditionsandothercharacteristics (environmental,traffic-technical etc.) for proper "sharrow" implementation.AVPdevelopedamodel toapproachwiderpublicandconnectdifferent stakeholders from governmental organizations, localauthorities,NGO’s,expertgroupsandother interestedgroups.

In Ljubljana, the cyclists counter with display was placed on the areaofDunajskaroadinMarch2014.InMaribor,a„sharrow"wasimplementedinOctober2013(acommontrafficsurfacewhichenablesthecycliststosharethetrafficlanebyusingthespaceinthemiddleoftheroadway).Bothmeasureswereimplementedin order to promote safe cycling and were accompanied also by otherpreventiveactivities(preventiveactionforsafetyofcyclists,preventive events for road users with preventive materialsdisseminated, cycling competition for children in primaryschool,productionofeducationalfilm,developmentofstrategicdocumentsetc).

VesnaMarinko,ProjectManagerofROSEE(AVP)

andMatejaMarkl,ProjectOfficerofROSEE(AVP)

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In Maribor we targeted directly 900 people on field beforeand after the implementationof a pilot (300 in survey, 100 atEuropeanMobilityWeek,500by leaflets).BymediapublishingaboutpilotonTV (2articles), radio (1article)andwebarticles(4)weaffecteddirectly21.400 peopleinMaribor.Altogether,wedistributed 3.990 different pieces of preventive materials(250brochures I am cyclist, 50manualsGood driver, 1.800 stickersSafebike,40cyclinghelmetsand1.850reflectivearmbands).In Ljubljana we targeted directly 1.311 people on field before andaftertheimplementationofapilot(400atBikefestival,301insurvey,38inworkshop,20atroundtable,52atRSI/RSA,500leaflets).Withmedia reporting3.100 people were affected (3pressarticlesand1webarticle). InLjubljana,wedisseminated9.030 pieces of different preventive materials(2.000brochures

Iamcyclist,10manualsGooddriver,3.500stickersSafebike,120cyclinghelmetsand3.400reflectivearmbands).

On the national level, we directly affected 3.830 people (212mayors,3.400competitorsoncompetitions»Whatdoyouknowabout traffic«, 148 participants of ROSEE-SENSOR conferenceand70mentorsoftrafficeducation).Withmediapublishingweaffected additionally 14.600 people (broadcasting on nationalTV, 2 radio articles, 2 press articles and 6 web articles). Wedisseminated around 26.380 pieces of preventive materials, in majority to municipal road safety councils and primary schools forimplementationofactivitiesforcyclists(schoolscompetitions)andondifferentevents.

7. 2 Analysis of general indicators in pilot regions

Duringtheproject,thegeneralsurveyonroadsafetyandpeople’spublic opinion and their travel habits was made. The summary of results and analysis of road safety in pilot regions for main topics

of speed, alcohol and seat-belt use is shown below:

Perception of traffic and traffic safety in general – Slovenia:

a.Over80%ofrespondentsareworriedbecauseoftrafficsafetyinSlovenia.b. Over 60 % of respondents think that our roads are not safe or not safe at all.c.Amongsuggestionsforimprovementoftrafficsafety,respondentsmostoftenmentionedrenovationoftrafficinfrastructureandimprovementoftrafficcultureamongparticipantsintraffic.

d.Mostrespondents(about40%ofall)usecarthemostonadailybasis.e.Twothirdsofrespondentsneedupto40minutestogettowork/school;abouttwotenthsofparticipantsneedmorethan

an hour to get there.f.Largestshareofparticipantsgoestowork/schoolbycar,butwouldprefertogetthereonfoot.g.Amongfactorsthatwouldcontributetolargeruseofbicyclesasmeansoftransporttowork/school,wecanfind:maintenanceofbicyclepaths,distanceandbetteroptionsofparkingforthebicycles.

Speed

In2013(beforethepilot)therewere18.542trafficoffencesrelatedto speeding in Osrednjeslovenska region. This number represents 21,8%ofalltrafficoffencesin2013inOsrednjeslovenskaregion(Police Administration Ljubljana). After the implementation ofcyclists counter, the data shows that there were 5.600 trafficoffencesrelatedtospeedinginthe3-monthperiodfrom1.4.2014to30.6.2014.Thisnumberofspeedingviolationsrepresents25,1%shareofalltrafficoffencesinOsrednjeslovenskaregion.

In2013therewere13.319trafficoffencesrelatedtospeedinginPodravskaregion,whichrepresents34%ofalltrafficviolationsinPodravskaregionin2013.Thedatashowsthattherewere7.470trafficoffencesrelatedtospeedinginthe6-monthperiodaftertheimplementationof"sharrow"from1.11.2013to30.4.2014.Thisnumberofspeedingviolationsrepresents34,2%shareofalltrafficoffencesinPodravskaregion.

Alcohol

In 2013 (before the pilot) there were 3.193 traffic offencesrelated to alcohol in Osrednjeslovenska region, which represents 4 % of all traffic violations. In 2013 there were also 84.986orderedalcoholbreathingtests,3.506(4%)werepositive(abovemaximum permitted limit) in Osrednjeslovenska region. Afterthe implementation of cyclists counter, there were 880 trafficoffencesrelatedtoalcoholinthe3-monthperiodfrom1.4.2014to 30.6.2014 inOsrednjeslovenska region. This represents 4%

shareofalltrafficviolations.Inthisperiodtherewerealso20.188ordered breath controls (alcohol test), in 944 (5 %) cases theresultwaspositive–abovethemaximumpermittedlimit.In 2013 therewere 2.106 trafficoffences related to alcohol inPodravska region,which represents5%ofall trafficviolations.In2013therewerealso76.857orderedalcoholbreathingtests,2.408 (3%)werepositive (abovemaximumpermitted limit) inPodravskaregion.Aftertheimplementationof"sharrow",there



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were1.082(5%)trafficoffencesrelatedtoalcoholinthe6-monthperiodfrom1.11.2013to30.4.2014inPodravskaregion.Inthisperiodtherewerealso39.344orderedbreathcontrols(alcohol

test), in 1.247 (3%) cases the resultwaspositive– above themaximumpermittedlimit.

Seat-belt use

In 2013 (before the pilot) there were 12.873 traffic offencesrelated to not using seat-belts in Osrednjeslovenska region, which represents15%ofalltrafficviolations.Aftertheimplementationofcyclistscounter,therewere3.587(16%)trafficoffencesrelatedtonotwearingseat-beltsinthe3-monthperiodfrom1.4.2014to30.6.2014inOsrednjeslovenskaregion.

In 2013 therewere 7.022 traffic offences related to not usingseat-beltsinPodravskaregion,whichrepresents18%ofalltrafficviolations. After the implementation of "sharrow", there were4.079(19%)trafficoffencesrelatedtonotwearingseat-beltsinthe6-monthperiod from1.11.2013 to30.4.2014 inPodravskaregion.

7. 3 On-field survey on pilots (before/after analysis) and pilot specific indicators

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency performed an on-field surveybefore andafter the implementationof pilots. Thepurposeofthe survey undertaken was to gain insight into public opinion aboutthetrafficsafetyandtheconductofparticipants,aboveallcyclists,cardriversandpedestrians,intrafficatthelocationsofthecyclistscounter(Ljubljana)andtheimplemented„sharrow"area (Maribor) before and after the implementation of thesemeasures. The survey has shown preliminary image of public opinionon roadsafetyandroadusers’behaviourandalso thepublic opinion after the implementation of thesemeasures inorder to find out if themeasureswere noticed and how theywereacceptedbyroadusers.On-fieldsurveywasintegratedwithwebsurvey(with629respondents)aswell.

FieldinterviewinginLjubljana(inthecyclistcountersurroundings)was conducted in September (ex-ante) and in April 2014 (ex-post). Altogether, in Ljubljana 301 respondents (cyclists andpedestrians)wereinterviewed.Beforetheimplementationofthecyclistscounter151respondentsandafterthe implementationof the cyclists counter 150 respondents were interviewed.Respondents were aged above 15 years. Field interviewing inMaribor was conducted in September 2013 (ex ante) and inApril 2014 (ex-post). Altogether, in Maribor 300 people wereinterviewed(cyclistsanddrivers)onSlomšeksquare.Beforethemeasure150peopleandafterthemeasure150wereinterviewed.Allrespondentswereagedabove15years.

7. 3. 1 Cyclist counter with display in Ljubljana (Dunajska road)

How is the overall impact measured?

Theoverallimpactismeasuredbytheon-fieldsurvey(interviewingof 301 respondents on the location of cyclists counter). Thecomparisonoftheanswersbeforetheimplementationofmeasureandanswersafterwardshasbeenmade.Theeffectivenessofthe

implementationofcyclistscountercanbemeasuredthroughthepositiveopinionsofrespondentsandsupporttoimplementsuchmeasurealsoontheotherlocations.

What is the methodology for monitoring and evaluation?

AVP (Osrednjeslovenska region) Cyclists counter with display

Start and end dates 27/03/2014(Dateofimplementationofcyclistscounter)26-27/09/2013(Ex-antesurvey)04-07/04/2014(Ex-postsurvey)

Type(infrastructure/user) Infrastructure and user.

Indicators used Opinions, support of the pilot, feelings of endangerment, road safety analysis.

Methodsofcollection Questionnaires(on-fieldandweb),before/aftersurvey,statisticroadsafetydata.

Comments Cyclistscounterwasvisibleinpublicandinmediaandwaspositivelyacceptedbyroadusers,mostlybycyclistsandtherewasalsosupportexpressedforfurtherimplementationonothersimilarlocations.

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Summary of the results

• AtthelocationinLjubljana,overafifthofrespondentsalreadyexperiencedaconflicttrafficsituationbeforethemeasureimplementation.

• Thesameistrueforatenthofparticipantsaftertheimplementation.• Atthelocationofinterviewingbeforethemeasure,45%ofrespondentsdidn‘tfeelthreatened,whichisalso

truefor58%ofrespondentsatthelocationofinterviewingafterthemeasureimplementation.• Abouttwothirdsofrespondentsnoticeditsimplementation.• Almostallrespondentsfindthebicyclecounternoticeableandthinkthatit‘snoticedthemostbypedestrians.• Abouthalfoftherespondentsbeforetheimplementationand40%ofrespondentsintheresearchafter

theimplementationthinkthatthebicyclecounterimprovesthetrafficsafetyatthelocation.• 80%ofrespondentsbeforeimplementationand84%respondentsafterimplementationsupport

theimplementationofbicyclecounteratthelocationinorderimprovethetrafficsafety,respondentssuggesttightercontrolofthetrafficandimprovementofcultureofparticipantsintraffic.

• About two thirds of respondents in Ljubljana evaluate the road as safe or very safe.

Datafromcyclistcounter:

0

500

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180517881734

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Figure:Theaveragenumberofcyclistsperday/monthsbeforeandafterthepilot

Beforetheimplementationcountingwasconductedbyinstalledloop in the asphalt, there was no display to show the count of cyclists. After the implementation of cyclists counter with

display, the count of cyclists became visible to all cyclists and also pedestrians in vicinity.



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Month Total number of cyclist Average number of cyclist per day

JULY2013 64178 2070

AUGUST2013 53756 1734

SEPTEMBER2013 53637 1788

OCTOBER2013 55941 1805

NOVEMBER2013 34081 1136

DECEMBER2013 27498 887

JANUARY2014 26067 841

FEBRUARY2014 28448 1016

MARCH2014 46159 1489

APRIL2014 68937 2298

MAY2014 80282 2590

JUNE2014 84689 2823

Figure: Total numbers of cyclists per month

The data from cyclists counter show small increase in the number ofcyclistsatthelocationofthepilotaftertheimplementationofcyclistscounterwithdisplay.Datadeficiencyinthefluctuationinthenumberofcyclistsisthatweatherconditionsandtimeofyeararenottakenintoaccount.Thefigureshowstheaveragecountofcyclists per month from the beginning of the ROSEE pilot project untiltheendofit.AvailabledatafromJulyandAugust2014showthat there is increase in the number of cyclists recorded by the counter in comparison to last year data for the same months.

Absolute numbers of cyclists also show that there are fewer cyclists in winter months (December, January and February).Themorerealisticcomparisoncouldbemadeafterlongertimeperiodofdatamonitoring.Alsotheresultsfromon-fieldsurveys(by surveyingpeoplebeforeandafter thepilot) show that the

implementationofthefirstcyclistscounterwaswellrecognizedand accepted. Furthermore, the majority of people support the implementationof cyclists counteron that locationandwouldsupportitonotherappropriatelocations.

TheMunicipality of Ljubljana has in the recent years investedinalotofvariousmeasuresforcyclingpromotion,forexample:bicycle rental system, planning and designing the areas for cyclists, activities for promotion of cycling etc. The implementationof cyclists counter with display was one of such measures for furtherpromotionofsafecycling.Atthesametimetheincreasein the number of cyclists in Ljubljana as urban center has been recordedduetocyclistscounterimplementation.

7. 3. 2 "Sharrow" – shared lane marking in Maribor (wider area around Slomšek square)

How is the overall impact measured?

Theoverall impactofthepilot,namelytheeffectivenessofthemeasure,wasmeasuredbytheon-fieldsurvey–byinterviewing300respondentsonthelocationof"sharrow".Thecomparisonoftheanswersbeforetheimplementationofmeasureandanswers

afterwardswasmade.Theeffectivenessofthe implementationof "sharrow" can be measured through the positive opinionsof respondents and support of such measure also on the other locations.

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What is the methodology for monitoring and evaluation?

AVP (Podravska region) "Sharrow" – shared lane marking

Start and end dates TheendofOctober2013(Dateofimplementationof"sharrow")September 2013 (Ex-ante survey) * results analyzed inNovember201304-26/04/2014(Ex-postsurvey)

Type(infrastructure/user) Infrastructure and user.

Indicators used Opinions, support of the pilot, feelings of endangerment, road safety analysis.

Methodsofcollection Questionnaires(on-fieldandweb),before/aftersurvey,statisticroad safety data.

Comments "Sharrow" was positively accepted by road users, mostly bycyclists, and there was also support expressed for further implementationonothersimilarlocations.

Summary of the results

• AtthelocationinMaribor,28%ofrespondentsalreadyexperiencedaconflicttrafficsituationbeforethemeasureimplementation.• Thesameistruefor14%ofparticipantsaftertheimplementation.• Atthelocationofinterviewing25%ofrespondentsfeltthreatenedbeforethe

implementation,aftertheimplementationthissharewentdownto18%.• Almostthreequartersofdriversorcyclistsnoticed"sharrow"afteritsimplementation.• Generally,respondentsthinkthat"sharrow"isnoticedmorebycyclistsasitisbycardrivers.• Participantsthinkthatthemainpurposeof"sharrow"isgreatertrafficsafety,greatersafety

ofcyclistsandincreasedattentionofcardriversregardingthecyclists.• Morethan80%ofrespondentsthinkthat"sharrow"contributestolargersafetyintraffic;over80%of

participantswouldsupporttheimplementationof"sharrow"onothersimilarlocationsinthecity.• AboutthreequartersofrespondentsinMariborevaluatetheroadassafeorverysafe.

The complete survey report is available on www.rosee-project.eu

Additionally, hidden speed measurements were taken on the"sharrow"areainMaribor,preciselyonOrožnovastreet,wherespeedlimitsaresetto50km/h.Measurementsweretakenfrom5:00 to 7:00 AM on 50 vehicles. It should be noted that thenumberofcyclistsatthetimeofthemeasurement isminimal.

Suchtimeframeofmeasurementswaschosendeliberatelytogetthe highest speed of motor vehicles and the speed of vehicles in the"unrestricted"conditions.Theareaofspeedmeasurementsandpositionoftheradarisshownintheimagebelow.

• Inthisareathespeedsofmotorvehiclesarerelativelysmall,because:alongthecarriagewaythereareparkinglots(longitudinalparking);

• thepresenceofcyclistsontheroadreducesthespeedofmotorvehicles;• pedestriansarecrossingthecarriagewayoutsidethemarkedpedestriancrossings;• onpartofOrožnovast.thereisabicyclelanewhichrunsoppositetothedrivingofmotorvehicles.

Thespeedmeasurementresults,whicharedisplayedinrealspeedofmotorvehicles,canbesummarizedasfollows:

• Minimummeasuredspeedwas20km/h,maximummeasuredspeedwas55km/h• Averagemeasuredspeedwas31,74km/h,• V85was36,5km/h.



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As is evident from the results obtained, the speeds of motor vehicles are not problematic on this area. Evenmore, due tohiddenmeasuresatthetimewhentherearealownumbersofpedestrians and cyclists, we can assume that the speeds of motor vehicles are even lower during the day. Therefore, in terms of

speed of motor vehicles, safety of cyclists who are on the road (onalanewith"sharrow")isnotparticularlyatrisk.Theresultsof speed measurements are formally and legally valid, due to the DecisionoftypeapprovalandCertificateofsuitabilitycriteriaonthe laser speedometer.

7. 4 Cost effectiveness of pilot activities or measures

Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency carried out various activitieswithinROSEEproject.Withinourpilotweestablishedpreventiveactions,suchasorganizationofdifferentpreventiveevents,wheredifferent groups of vulnerable road users could test their ridingskillsonpolygonsandtryoutdifferentequipment (e.g. toshowtheimportanceofusingbicyclehelmet).Wepromotedsafecyclingby installing cyclists counter in Ljubljana – to show the cycliststhat they countas a valuablepartof a society.WithinourpilotinMaribor,wheretechnical-infrastructuremeasure"sharrow"wasimplemented, the wider area of Slomšek square was rearranged alsoby implementing"zone30" in somesections.Byorganizingcyclingcompetition"Whatdoyouknowabouttraffic"forpupilsinprimaryschool, theeducationandcycling trainingofchildrenhasbeencarriedout.Someofthesevariousactivitieshavealreadybeenevaluatedascosteffectiveinsomeotherstudies,asshownbelow.

AccordingtoROSEBUD,headinjuryisknowntobeamajorcauseofdisabilityanddeathresultingfrombicycleaccidents.Increasingbicycle helmet wearing should help to reduce the number of head injuries. To reduce head injuries to cyclists in all forms of accidents, including those involving a motor vehicle, every cyclist could

be required to wear a bicycle helmet, and violations would bepunished.Additionally,suchanobligationcouldbeaccompaniedbyaninformationcampaign.Moreover, it is sometimes assumed that campaigns are a potential alternative and could replace an obligation. According to an example from Germany, in total, about 20 % of the fatal and severe injuries may be avoided by helmet wearing, if all bicyclists wore helmets. The current average helmet wearingrateis6%(2004)almostconstantovertherecentyears.ThecalculationinROSEBUDWP4hasshown,thatatanincreaseof the helmet wearing rate up to 26.6 % the measure would start tobecost-effective(ROSEBUD,Examplesofassessedroadsafetymeasures-ashorthandbook,2006).

The accident rates of bicyclists and pedestrians could be reduced if more would be done to make these vulnerable road users as visible aspossible. Lights and reflectors areessential for their visibility.With reflective devices cyclists and pedestrians could improvetheir own conspicuity and thereby make themselves easier to be detected and identified by other road users. Every bicycleshouldbeequippedwithreflectivematerialofsufficientsizeandreflectivitytobevisiblefrombothsideswhendirectlyinfrontofamotorvehicle’sheadlamps.

Activity example B/C ratio Source

Bicyclehelmets,campaignandlawinNormandyandSweden 1.30–3.09 Elvik R. (1999,2001,2003), Elvik R.; AmundsenA.H.(2000)

ImprovingbicycleconspicuityinNorway >1 Promising(2001)

Source: Road Safety and Environmental Benefit-Cost and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis for Use in Decision-Making: Examples ofassessedroadsafetymeasures(2006)

Costs associated with the measure, besides investment and installation cost, are maintenance cost, depending on size ofzoneandfeaturesinstalled;ecologicalcost,whichmayincreasecarbon emissions especially if features are inappropriate distance apart encouraging braking and acceleration and throughtraffic has not been discouraged. Benefits are less accidentcosts,positivehealtheffectbecauseofmorewalkingandcyclinginsteadofusing car. Trafficmaybe reducedespecially through

theeliminationofthroughtraffic.Flowsarereducedtypicallyby15–25%. Thebenefit-cost rationdependson the installationcostofthezone,buttypicallyinstallationcostswillbemorethanrecoveredinthefirstyearofoperation.ResultsfromcalculationsmadeintheHandbookofRoadSafetyMeasures(Elvik,R)showthattherearereasonstoexpectmuchhigherbenefitthancostfor30-zones.


30km/hzone Effective SUPREME, Thematic report, Part F5:Infrastructure(2007)

Source:SUPREME,Thematicreport(2007)

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55⃝

Government guidance on the evaluation ofmajor projects saysthat a ‘medium’ value-for-money project will have a BCR of between 1.5 and 2,anda ‘high’value-formoneyprojectaBCRofatleast2.Whendoneproperly,cyclingisoneofthemostcost-effectivetransportinvestments:cyclinginfrastructureinvestmentproduces very high rates of return. An assessment of the London

Cycle Network+ gave it an overall BCR of 3.94, which is excellent for a transport project, far surpassing most major road or public transport projects. Cycle training appears to have the highest BCR: a case study of cycle training in London funded by TfL found that the overall BCR was 7.44, which is very high indeed.


‘Medium’ value-for-money project forcyclists

1.5–2.0 DfT,ValueforMoneyAssessments(2013)

Cycling infrastructure investment 3.94 CTCCampaignsBriefing,Cycling and theEconomy(2014)

Cycle training 7.44 SQW Consulting. Valuing the Benefitsof Cycling: A Report to Cycling England (2007)

Source:TheNationalCyclingCharity,CTCCampaignsBriefing,CyclingandtheEconomy(2014)

Whiletheresultsofacost-benefitanalysisisrarelytransferablebetweendifferentcountries,evenforthesameimplementationcaseduestothevastdifferencesincosts,appliedmethodologiesand other factors, a rough estimate of the cost effectivenessof a given measure can be given. Based on the internationalexamples,theB/CratioofthepilotinLjubljanaandMariborwillverylikelybefavorable(over1),andwillprobablybewithintheintervaldefinedbythecasescitedabove(1.5-7.44).Inordertoprovideaconservativeestimate,thelowestvalueshallbetakenintoconsideration.

MainstakeholdersinAVPpilotprojectbesidesAVPwere:trafficpolice in Osrednjeslovenska and Podravska region, city trafficwardensinLjubljanaandMaribor,municipalroadsafetycouncils

inOsrednjeslovenskaandPodravskaregion,municipalites(mostlyLjubljanaandMaribor),primaryschools,experts in thefieldoftrafficplanning,trafficsafetyandroaddesign,CyclistFederationof Slovenia, Ljubljana Cyclist Network and Maribor CyclistNetwork.MunicipalityofLjubljanaandMunicipalityofMariborwere twomain stakeholders regarding implementationofpilotmeasures of in Ljubljana (cyclists counter) and pilot project inMaribor ("sharrow"). Both municipalities were responsible forimplementationofmeasuresandwerealsotheinvestorsofthemeasure. Cooperation among all stakeholders was continuousand successful throughout the whole project planning and implementationphase.Alsotheevaluationresultswillbemadeavailable to all stakeholders interested.

Project Report - Conclusions


56⃝

AVPaltogetherreached45,091peopledirectlyand

indirectly, with implemented pilotmeasures,promotionandotheractivitieswithin

the ROSEE project.

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8.Conclusions

SlovenianTrafficSafetyAgency (AVP)haswithinROSEEprojectprovided systemic and comprehensiveapproach in thefieldofroad safety and vulnerable road users. Among vulnerable road users as a targeted population, AVP chose to focus on cyclistsduetothenumberof fatalities inroadaccidentsamongthem.Inthelastdecade,thenumberoffatalitiesinroadaccidentshashalved,butatthesametimetheshareoffatalitiesamongcyclistshasbeenincreasinginthelastdecade.AVP’stwopilotprojectswerededicatedtoimprovingthesafetyofcyclistsandpromotionofsafecycling.Overallactivitiescovereddifferentapproachesofmanagingroadsafety,startingfromconnectingstakeholdersandworkingonlocalaswellasnationallevel,leadingandcoordinatingnational preventive campaign, organizing and participatingin preventive and promotional events. Furthermore, AVP haswithinthe frameworkof theprojectalsoworkedon legislationarea and road safety analysis and made a comprehensive evaluation of pilot measures and other activities. The majorbenefits from pilots are actually executed and implementedpractical traffic-technical measures on the field for cyclists.

AsresultsofROSEEproject,AVPalsopreparedstrategicproposalsfor including "sharrow" into guidelines of planning cyclinginfrastructureandanationalstrategyforsafetyofcycletraffic.ThesignificantpartofROSEEprojectwasalsoeducationandtrainingofdifferentstakeholders,mainlyrepresentativesoflocalauthorities,police,citytrafficwardens,roadsafetyauditors,etc.aswellaschildren and mentors of traffic education in primary schools.

Ofallactivitiestwoinnovativetechnicalapproachesimplementedonthefieldshouldbehighlightedthathadmosteffectonroadsafetyandpromotionofsafecycling.Withcooperationof localauthorities we implemented "sharrow" in Maribor (Slomšeksquare)andcyclistscounterwithdisplay inLjubljana(Dunajskaroad). "Sharrow" – shared lane marking represents a new traffic regulation, appropriate for streets with no space forcycle lanes, low speeds (speed limit 30 km/h) and no freighttransport. Where "sharrow" is implemented cyclists can ridein the middle of a lane together with other drivers and are no longer pushed to the side. Therefore, cyclists can avoid damages ontheedgeofalaneandzoneofopeningcardoorswhichareparked at the side. The Slomšek square and its surrounding streetswererearrangedforthesafetybenefitofcyclists,notonlywith"sharrow"implemented,butalsowithZone30andbike-boxintroduced. To promote safe cycling on "sharrow" educationalshort video was made. Cyclists counter with display was implemented in Ljubljana and represents an effective tool forpromotionofcyclingandincreasingbicycleuse.Itcanhelpmake

cyclistsavisiblepartof theurbantrafficand is responsible fordisplayingthecountofcyclistsinrealtime.Allactivities,measuresandlegislationaswellasamodeltoapproachwiderpublicandconnect different stakeholders that AVP implemented withinROSEE project are transferable and internationally applicable.Also a few other Slovenianmunicipalities have already shownthe interest to introduce "sharrow" into their local streets, forexampleNovomestoandBled.So it isvery important thatwehavepreparedalsothetechnicalinstructionshowandwheretoimplement"sharrow".Theevaluationshowedthatthenumberofcyclistshas increasedonthelocationofcyclistscounterand"sharrow" was positively accepted by cyclists and drivers. Therespondentswhowerequestionedon-fieldwouldalsosupportbothmeasuresalsoonothersimilarlocations.

Altogetherwehavereached45,091peopledirectlyandindirectly,withimplementedpilotmeasures,promotionandotheractivitieswithintheROSEEproject(on-fieldsurveys,festivals,workshops,round tables, conferences, competitions, media reports innewspapers,on radioandTV,etc).Aspartofallouractivities,wehavealsodistributed39,400piecesofpreventivematerialsintended primarily to promote safe cycling (bicycle helmets,brochures, manuals, reflective arm-bands and stickers for thebike).

ThetwoAVPpilotprojectscertainlytouchedevenmorepeople,as the information about the new traffic measures were alsodisseminated through other stakeholders involved in the implementation of pilot projects, especially the Municipalityof Ljubljana and Municipality of Maribor, non-governmentalorganizations(mainlySlovenianCyclingFederationandMariborCycling Network), the local road safety councils, as well asschools and teachers, other unorganized groups of cyclists,experts in the field of road safety, participants in seminars,workshopsandconferencesandparticipantsinthesurvey,whichtookplacebothon site aswell as online.Webelieve that ourpilot projects in Ljubljana andMaribor have stimulated publicdebate on safe cycling and many road users were encouraged to at least occasionally replace a car for bike and for more tolerant and responsiblebehavior in traffic.Relevantnational and localauthoritieswerehopefullyencouragedtogivegreaterattentionon the improvement of cycling infrastructure.

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Published by: Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency, Kotnikova ulica 19a, 1000 Ljubljana, www.avp-rs.si Year of publishing: 2014

Authors: Vesna Marinko, Mateja Markl, Tina Bizjak Photos: Slovenian Traffic Safety Agency

Design and printing: Aanima d.o.o., Ljubljana

Slovenian Traffic Safety AgencyKotnikova ulica 19a, 1000 Ljubljana, Sloveniawww.avp-rs.si

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